主题3 人与环境-【创新教程】2020-2024五年高考真题英语分类特训

最新真题分类特训·英语 主题3人与环境 Passage1(2024新课标Ⅱ卷) 题材 如何应对过度旅游 体裁 说明文 词数 252 建议用时 9 难度： Overtourism Is For Real:How Can You Help? Travel promotes understanding,expands our minds,makes us better people,and boosts local economies and communities,but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations.36 Certainly not.The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world.Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience. Choose mindfully.Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason:they're special.With so many online posts featuring the same places,it's easy to feel like you're missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape,culture or food deeply draws you.37 OGet creative.The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else.Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world,it's actually concentrat- ed to a small number of extremely popular spots.That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.38 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser- known sights? O 39 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You'll compete with fewer tourists,save money,experience a different side of a popular place,and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege().Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place.40 You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there. A.Visit during off-peak times. B.So,should we stop traveling? C.Travel for you and no one else. D.Can overtourism be avoided then? E.You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F.You'll find yourself virtually alone,or close to it. G.Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. 00 第二部分阅读理解七选五 Passage2(2023全国乙卷) 题材 室内植物养植 体裁 说明文 词数 335 建议用时 9'难度：， Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much,but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home.36,but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood(),reducing stress and helping their memory.What's more,indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants,also known as houseplants or pot plants,are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK,especially in the winter.37. Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra,who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens,says,"38.I find during the winter months,plants around the house can really lift your mood."Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity,focus and memory.There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases,such as carbon dioxide.They al- so remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.39 Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera,peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets,garden centres or online.Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones,and you get to care for them as they mature-which is part of the joy of ow- ning plants."40."Spoelstra says."It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature. A.All plants are different B.Not only do they look beautiful C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D.Instead,they grow better inside,where it is warmer E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best F.Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding.最新真题分类特训·英语 Passage 7 40.G上句介绍了乔迁聚会名称的由来，根据bring fire [语篇解读]本文是说明文。成功的职场沟通至关重要， wood to a new home as a gift,.可知人们会带柴火作为 表情符号能够担当重任。 礼物，那么本空承接上文说明了带柴火的目的和作用。 36.D根据空前的“messaging platforms are growing rap G项：这样人们就可以在冬天的时候保持家里温暖 idly..the hundreds of millions”以及空后的地方“76 符合语境 percent of employees in some western countries”,结合 主题3人与环境 选项D中的关键词“popularity...spreading globally”等 Passage 1 内容可知，此处主要介绍短信平台的使用情况，提到的 [语篇解读]本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何减轻“过度 信息是“人数、全球性地普及”等，所以“这些短信平台 旅游”对当地环境的影响 的受欢迎程度在全球普及”匹配。 36.B前文“Travel promotes understanding,expands our 37.A根据设空前句“Using emojis can add humor and minds,makes us better people,and boosts local econo- feeling,keeping intention clear'”可知，此处介绍使用表 mies and communities,but the rapid growth of travel 情特号的好处，结合选项A中的信息“more conversa has led to overtourism in certain regions and destina- tional"(令人感到更健谈)可知A项也是指使用表情符 tios.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更 号的好处，显然顺承上句。 好的人，促进当地经济提升和社区发展，但旅游业的快 38.G根据上句中的“age22to70 and beyond,and finding 速发展导致了某些地区和地，点的过度旅游。)”表明旅 common ground in communication style can be a chal- 游带来了一些问题，后文“The loss of what travel offers lenge”等内容可知，员工年龄差距大，沟通起来因难，所 would be unacceptable in today's world.(在当今世界， 以要寻找交流的途径，显然选项G中提到的“平台” 失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能 将合 失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly not..(当然不)”可知，空 39.B根据上句"Who hasn't received an email so annoying 处提问能否停止旅行，B选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行 that it ruined an entire day?”可知，此处介绍电子邮件 吗？”符合语境。 给人们带来的烦恼，结合选项B中的信息“a formal email..cold and unfriendly”可知，设空处顺承上句意 37.C"Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason:they're special.With so many online posts fea- 思并且加重语气，指的是“甚至一封正式的电子邮件也 turing the same places,it's easy to feel like you're 会让人觉得冷冰冰、不友好” missing out.Go somewhere only when the landscape. 40.F本句为并列句，根据空后的信息“that positive out- culture or food deeply draws you,(游客过多的目的地 come”以及本段内容可知，积极交流会带来积极结果， 是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个 会改善工作关系，从而使工作场所和谐，所以选项F中 地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、 "friendlier communication leads to a happier work- 文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要 place'”信息与之匹配 跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关 [名师点评]本文看似生词不多，但是熟词生义、词类转 注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实于自己的感受，不用管其 换等用法没有提供汉语标注，这样就增加了语篇理解滩 余的建议，符合语境。 度。考生熟悉表情符号，而职场沟通贴近成人生活，他 38.E"That means you have tons of less-visited op- 们对两者之间的关系不甚了解。在设题方面，依据词法 tions to choose from.(这意味着你有很多未被广泛旅游 (指代，反义词)、句法（递进），篇法（段落主题句）分别设 的地方作为的选择)及后文“Why not try a regional al- 计的道道陷阱使该题有一定的区分度， ternative or check out a popular destination's lesser- Passage 8 known sights'?(为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或 「语篇解读]本文是说明文。介绍了乔迁聚会的目的，礼 者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出 物的选取，活动安排和名称的由来。 建议，可以选择一些冷门的景，点，E选项“你仍然可以找 36.E The party is a chance for friends and family to 到相对而言鲜为人知的地方”语境一致。 congratulate the person on the new home,(这个聚会是 39.A空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and 朋友和家人祝贺新家的机会)。介绍庆祝乔迁之喜的 maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush 聚会是亲成朋友祝贺搬新家的人的一次机会，下句 our,(通过避开重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响 And it is a good time to fill the new space with love and 并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择 hopefully presents..(现在是时候用爱和希望的礼物来 合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段 填补新家了)。介绍这也是给新家装满爱和希望礼物 内容。 的好时机。E项：它也给了人们一次看看新家什么样的 40.G前文“Do your part to preserve what makes a desti- 机会。与上下句并列，都是庆祝乔迁之喜聚会的目的 nation special in the first place,(尽你的一份力，从一开 37.BF Some common things people will put on a gift 始就保护一个地方当地的特色)”表明旅游时应保护旅 registry include kitchen tools like knives and things like curtains.和like a piece of art or a plant.列举了参加聚 游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你 会所带礼物的清单，可以是厨房工具，窗帘，艺术品或 和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选 绿植，这些都和参加聚会带礼物有关，B项：带礼物去 项“考虑回缱你所访问的社区”承上启下，待合语境。 参加乔迁派对是一种传统，概括了本段内容，引出 Passage 2 下文 [语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室 38.C本段介绍了聚会的活动安排，根据后文This is of 内植物、室内植物带来的好处以及你能种植哪些室内 ten appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot 植物。 of food served.(这一点通常是值得赞赏的，因为在乔迁 36.B根据下文“but studies have shown that they can 派对上不会提供很多食物)。指出因为新撒家，所以主 promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood 人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动。那么本句是 (心情)，reducing stress and helping their memory,而且 在建议你可以带上自己的食物或饮料与其他客人分享 研究表明，它们可以通过改善情结、减轻压力和帮助增 撒家，所以主人不会准备太丰盛的食物或太多的活动 强记忆力来促进人们的使康”可知，此处与下文是递进 C项：你也可以带上食物或饮料与其他客人分享。 关系，构成not only...bu1“不仅…而且…”结构。 39.A本段提到在乔迁聚会上人们会聚餐，主人带领客人 由此可知，B.Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅 参观新家。上句提到，由于乔迁聚会是在搬进新家后 看起来很漂亮)能够街接下文·符合语境。 不久举行的，人们可能会被要求帮助打开箱子。根据 37.D根据上文“Many of these species(物种)are not 常识可知在乔迁聚会上让客人们帮忙干活是不常见 ideally suited to growing outside in the UK,especially 的，A项：但这并不常见。表达了此意，与上文衔接。 in the winter..这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外 详解详析 生长，尤其是在冬天”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒 地：D.immediately立即地。报据“I saw a passenger sud 冷的环境中生长，即适合在温暖的地方生长。由此可 denly fall to the ground.”可知，突然看到有人倒下，故作 D.Instead,they grow better inside,where it is 者和家人立刻跑过去。 warmer(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承 5.B考查动词赶语词义辨析。句意：我的父母都是医生， 接上文，符合语境。 他们放下了手上的东西，开始试图弄清楚到底发生了什 38.C极据下文“I find during the winter months,plants 么。A.get across理解：B.figure out弄济楚：C.take around the house can really lift your mood.我发现在冬 down拆徐：D.bring up提出。根据前文“dropped every- 天的几个月里，房子周围的植物真的能捉升你的情绪” thing and began trying to”可知，因为作者的父母放下手 可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C.There are 里的东西去弄清楚到底发生了什么 many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种桩植 6.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母认为这个人患 物有很多好处)能够衔接下文，特合语境。 有低血糖症，非常需要糖。A.recalled回忆起：B.deter 39.E根据上文“There is also research showing that pot mined决定，确定：C.admitted承认：D.guaranteed保证 plants can clean the air around them by removing harm- 根据“that the man was hypoglycaemic(低血糖的)”可知， ful gases,such as carbon dioxide.They also remove some 父母确定因为低血糖男人才倒下 harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.也有研究表明， 7,C考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，一个名叫麦加 盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周 的小男孩和空乘人员来到了现场。A,station站：B.des 国的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化 tination目的地：C.scene场景：D.department部门。根 据“Mecca,arrived at the”可知，一个名叫麦加的小男孩 学物质”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可 和空乘人员来到了现场 E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among 8.C考查动词短语辩析。句意：麦加从背包里掏出一块 the best(像和平百合和魔鬼常春藤之类的植物是最好 的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做的最好的植物， 士力架。A.gave away赠送；B.set aside搁置；C.pulled out拉出；D.kept off避开。根据“Mecca dug deep into 符合语境。 his backpack,”可知，麦加在背色里翻了半天，掏出一块 40.G根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than 士力架 fully grown ones,and you get to care for them as they 9.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：士力架代替了蛋白质棒， maturewhich is part of the joy of owning plants. 几秒钟后，这名男子就恢复了意识。A.memory记忆力； 的植物通常比成熟的植物便宜，而且你可以在它们成 B.appetite食欲：C.independence独立：D.consciousness 热时照顾它们一这是拥有植物的乐趣之一”可知，不 意识。根据“Within seconds of the Snickers replacing the 同的枝物的需求是不同的。由此可知，G.【earning protein bar,”可知，当士力架代替了蛋白质棒，男子血糖 about the requirements of each plant can be very re- 恢复，几秒钟后，这名男子就恢复了意识。 warding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)能够承接 10.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有人能想到，那天 上文，同时引起下文，下文"It can bring a new interest 跪上早些时候，麦加刚刚经历了一段艰难的时期。A and focus into people's lives and help to make the link proper适当的；B.tough艰难的，C.enjoyable令人愉快 between home and nature.."它可以为人们的生活带来 的：D.mysterious神秘的。根据后文“His father's flight 新的兴趣和专注度，并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的 was unexpectedly canceled,11 him to fly alone. 联系。G项“了解每种植物的习性很有益处”特合语境。 知，他父亲的航班意外取消，迫使他独自飞行，由此可 第三部分完形填空 知麦加刚刚经历了一段艰难的时期。 11.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：他父亲的航班意外取 话题1 帮助他人 消，迫使他独自飞行。A.orcing强迫，迫使：B.urging Cloze 1 催促：C.reminding提醒：D.permitting免许。根据“His [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个乘客 ather's flight was unexpectedly canceled,”可知，由于 在机场低血糖突然倒地，陌生人们一起帮忙，其中一个年 麦加父亲的航班意外取消，由此迫使麦加独自乘坐 仅九岁的男孩麦加用自己的巧克力救了这个人的命。这 航班 种不期而遇的碰撞可以改变人们的生命，也可以展现出人 12.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的祖母在他的背包 性中最善良的一面。 里装满了糖果，让他不那么焦虑。A.guilty愧孩的：B. 1,B考查动词词义辩析。句意：这些时刻可能揭示了真 anxious焦虑的：C,sensitive数感的：D.doubtful怀疑 正的品格，通常是通过非凡英雄的善良和慷慨的行为展 的。根据“He had never flown by himself before and 现出来的。A.created创造：B.revealed揭示：C.intro was very nervous..”可知，麦加从未独自做过航班，因此 duced引入；D.preserved保护。根据前文“There are mo- 祖母在其包中装满糖果不让他焦虑。 ments when strangers'lives collide (by accident. 13.C考查形容词词义辩析。句意：当我们把麦加的英勇 and even though they may never see each other again. 事迹告诉他的父母时，他们笑得合不拢嘴。A.modest they're changed forever."以及后文"often through acts 谦虚的：B.ambitious有抱负的；C.heroic英勇的； of kindness and generosity of unlikely heroes..”可知，有 D.confident自信的。根据前文“Mecca dug deep into his 时候，陌生人的生活会固为偶然的碰撞而交错在一起， backpack,and 8 a Snickers.He then handed it to 即使他们可能永远不会再见面，他们也会永远致变。这 the man..”可知，作者将麦加救助低血糖男人的英雄过 些时刻通常是通过非凡英雄的善良和慷慨的行为展现 程告诉了麦加的父母。 出来的，可能揭示了真正的品格。 14.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都很惊讶，麦加还 2.A考查名次词义辩析。句意：不久以前，我也曾目睹过 存了一些糖果，在紧急情况下还能想到糖果。A.ight 这样的时刻。A.witness目击者，亲历者：B.visitor访问 航班：B.operation手术：C.performance表演：D.emer 者：C,match比赛：D.exception例外。根据后文“thal gency紧急情况。根据前文麦加递送士力架给作者的 kind of moment..”以及后文的内容，可知此处表示作者 父亲以及“was able to think about the candy'”可知，麦加 的父母很惊许，在低血糖男子倒下的紧急情况下麦加 也是这个时刻的亲历者。 还能想到糖果 3.C考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：一个夏天的午夜， 15.D考查形容词词义辩析。句意：随着时间的流逝，目 我和父母刚下了长途飞机，正要穿过空荡荡的机场，突 睹一个九岁的孩子救了一个陌生人的生命的经历仍然 然看到一位乘客摔倒在地。A,caught抓住： 激励着我。A.relieved放心的：B.puzzled困惑的： B.confirmed确认：C.gotten off下车：D.put off推迟。根 C.frustrated沮丧的，D.inspired激励的。根据“Even 据后文“started to walk through the empty airport”可知， today Mecca's kindness continues to make me smile." 作者和父母刚下飞机，走出空荡荡的机场。 知，在经历此事后，直到今天，麦加的善良仍然让作者 4.D考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们立即向他跑去 微笑，由此一个九岁的孩子麦加接数陌生人的经历激 A.safely安全地：B.accidentally意外地：C.casually随意 励着作者。