Unit 1 Food for Thought 单元同步测试题-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版（2019）必修第二册

book 2 unit 1 Food for thought 同步综合测试题 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、阅读选择 A As more and more people seek to live healthier lifestyles, the popularity of organic food has grown significantly. But what exactly is “organic” food? Organic food refers to produce and other agricultural products that are grown or raised without the use of synthetic pesticides, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), antibiotics, or growth hormones. Organic farming focuses on sustainable practices that promote soil health, conserve water, and support natural ecosystems. Farmers who practice organic farming often use techniques such as crop rotation, composting, and natural pest control to maintain the health of their crops and the environment. Consumers are drawn to organic food for various reasons. Some believe that organic food is healthier because it contains fewer synthetic chemicals. Others are concerned about the environmental impact of conventional farming methods and choose organic products to support more sustainable practices. However, organic food does come with some drawbacks. It tends to be more expensive than conventionally produced food due to the labor-intensive nature of organic farming and the lower crop yields that can result from avoiding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Additionally, the strict regulations that govern organic farming can make it challenging for some farmers to obtain and maintain organic certification. Overall, the choice between organic and conventionally produced food often depends on individual priorities. While organic food offers potential health and environmental benefits, it may not always be the most practical or affordable option for everyone. 1．What does “organic” food refer to? A．Food grown with synthetic pesticides. B．Food produced with GMOs. C．Food grown without synthetic pesticides and GMOs. D．Food raised with antibiotics and growth hormones. 2．What is a common practice in organic farming to maintain crop and environmental health? A．Using synthetic pesticides. B．Employing genetic modification. C．Practicing crop rotation and natural pest control. D．Applying growth hormones. 3．Why do some consumers choose organic food? A．To reduce labor-intensive farming. B．To support conventional farming methods. C．To save costs on groceries. D．To promote healthier and more sustainable practices. B Intuitive(直觉的) eating is often misunderstood as “eat whatever you want, whenever you want”. As a parent, this interpretation of intuitive eating would sound like a terrible idea. Intuitive eating isn’t about eating any food any time. Rather, it’s about allowing our body to be the interpreter of what feels good and trusting our body to manage the imperfections in our eating patterns. Getting off kids’ back about eating what and trusting their body’s experience of food is key to helping them develop a positive relationship with their body and with eating. To help kids learn about those eating patterns, parents and caregivers can use the phrases “mouth hunger” and “tummy(肚子) hunger” to help kids explore the different ways our bodies experience food without using outside signals and negative messages. Discussing “mouth hunger”, the sensation of desiring something based on taste and sensation alone, and “tummy hunger”, eating something based on a deep sense of feeling satisfied, can help children start to tune in to their internal experience of food. For instance, asking kids to explore what their mouth is hungry for allows them to recognize that a part of their body is enjoying something about the food. “Mouth hunger” is about the immediately satisfying experience of eating and all the sensations that go along with it: crunchy, chewy, sweet-the mouth likes it all! In fact, it can even help to explain to kids that “mouth hunger” is a little bossy and sometimes it doesn’t listen to “tummy hunger”. Involving kids in a discussion of which foods satisfy their “tummy hunger” can help empower kids to talk about foods which help build muscles, promote growth, and deeply satisfy them. “Tummy hunger” is recognizing which foods make our body feel uniquely healthy and content. It’s not only powerful to help kids recognize what their “tummy hunger” actually wants and needs, but also a great place to talk about diversity and differences in bodies. 4．What is suggested to help kids bond with their body? A．Making no judgement on their eating. B．Letting them consume food any time. C．Allowing them to eat a variety of foods. D．Arranging what to eat in a careful way 5．Why should we discuss the two kinds of hunger with kids? A．To rid kids of health problems. B．To choose eating patterns for kids. C．To help kids form good eating habits. D．To make kids understand intuitive eating. 6．Which of the following belongs to “tummy hunger”? A．Being a little bossy on eating. B．Desiring chewy and sweet food. C．Satisfying your empty stomach fast. D．Having food that is good for health. 7．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．How Can You Raise Intuitive Eaters? B．What Does Intuitive Eating Mean to Kids? C．How Do Eating Patterns Affect Our Health? D．Which Is Better, Mouth Hunger or Tummy Hunger? C Recent videos claiming that a school in Ganzhou, Jiangxi, serves pre-made meals to its students have sparked heated discussions across the country. People doubt if pre-made meals, despite being convenient, are healthy and nutritious enough for growing teenagers. Pre-made meals refer to half-finished or finished dishes that are already cooked or prepared, according to the China Cuisine Association. There are several types of pre-made foods, including ready-to-eat food, such as canned (罐装的) food or cooked food in packages, and ready-to-heat or ready-to-cook food, which requires heating or cooking before being served. Many people tend to think that ready-to-heat and ready-to-cook foods are less nutritious because they usually need to be kept in freezers or refrigerators. “Actually freezing does not cause a loss of nutrients,” Liu Junya, a 33-year-old dietitian in Beijing, told Teens. “Nutrient loss typically occurs during the heating or frying process.” Vitamins from the B group and vitamin C found in meat and vegetables are heat-sensitive and can be lost during the process. By being heated or cooked twice or more, “pre-made foods can be less nutritious than freshly prepared and cooked foods,” Liu said. Meanwhile, “many pre-made food companies prioritize taste over nutrition,” said Liu. This leads to higher levels of salt and sugar in the food, which may lead to health problems, such as high blood pressure or diabetes (糖尿病) in the long term. Additives (添加剂) are also a major concern related to pre-made food. In China, there are strict standards for food additives. Currently, China's food industry has well-developed techniques to preserve pre-made food without the excessive use of additives. Some food can be sterilized (消毒) and then sealed (密封) after cooking, followed by low-temperature storage, allowing for a longer shelf life. However, it’s essential that customers buy pre-made meals from qualified food companies or supermarkets. It is hoped that regulations on pre-made meals can be strengthened to better ensure nutrition and hygiene (卫生). This way, “pre-made meals will be more accepted by the public,” Liu said. 8．What can we learn about pre-made meals from the article? A．They are typically costly and flavorful. B．They are rich in sugar, salt and vitamins. C．They taste better than homemade food. D．They are already partially or fully cooked. 9．According to Liu Junya,when does nutrient loss typically occur in pre-made foods? A．During freezing. B．During cooking. C．During packaging. D．During sterilizing. 10．What is one of the key recommendations for consumers regarding pre-made meals? A．Buy from reliable sources. B．Check the cooking instructions. C．Keep pre-made meals frozen. D．Pay attention to the additives used. 11．What does Liu Junya think of pre-made meals? A．They are a convenient choice for all. B．They are suitable for daily consumption. C．They can be nutritious if properly regulated. D．They are best avoided for long-term health. D By now we all know the importance of drinking enough water throughout the day, but there is such a thing as too much. Earlier this summer, a 35-year-old Indiana woman, died from water toxicity(毒性作用) after drinking too much water in a short period of time, according to a local news report. While drinking enough water is important, overdoing it can lead to low levels of sodium(钠) in the blood, which can be life-threatening, according to Julia Zumpano, an expert at Cleveland Clinic’s Center for Human Nutrition. Exactly how much is enough for our body depends on a variety of factors, including our weight, age, location and overall health. People in poor health, or active people such as athletes, are at risk of water toxicity, as they tend to drink large amounts of water and lose sodium through their sweat. So are women and children because of their smaller body size. While the gold standard for many years has been eight glasses of 8 ounces(盎司) of water per day, the National Academy of Medicine suggests enough water intake is about 125 ounces for men and about 91 ounces for women. And it recommends not drinking more than 48 ounces of water per hour. This includes total water from fruits, vegetables and other drinks besides water. If you struggle with getting enough water per day, you can try water bottles to help track your water intake. Eating fruits and vegetables can also increase our water intake. You could experiment with adding flavor to improve the taste of your water. “Most people had better keep drinking water throughout the day, but larger amounts may be needed in the heat for an extended period of time or during exercise. If you are thirsty water—listen to your body. But don’t overdo it,” says Zumpano. 12．How does the author introduce the topic of the text? A．By giving an example. B．By showing the findings. C．By making a comparison. D．By putting up a question. 13．What effect may drinking too much water have on us? A．Putting on weight. B．Speeding up aging. C．Cutting sodium in blood. D．Making us more active. 14．What do we know from paragraph 4? A．We must drink less than 48 ounces of water a day. B．Women can take in more water than men an hour. C．We can take in little water from fruits and vegetables. D．We’d better drink about 64 ounces of water every day. 15．What can be the best title for the text? A．What is the result of water toxicity? B．How much water is too much water? C．Why do you find it difficult to drink enough water? D．How often need we remind ourselves to drink water? 七选五 Think back to the last time you shopped for fruits and vegetables. You may have noticed some items labelled with the word “organic”. 16 “Organic” refers to the way food is grown. To be labelled as “organic”, food production must meet strict guidelines. These can be different depending on where you live. In the United States, organic foods must be grown or raised without using pesticides or chemical fertilizers. 17 That changed after the Industrial Revolution. During the 20th century, many ideas that were used by factories and big businesses were put into action on farms. This helped some farms grow larger and produce more. However, the organic movement was started to get back to the old traditional ways of farming. Why? Many believe the chemicals and pesticides used in modern farming can be harmful to your health. 18 And those who support the organic movement also point to its benefits for the environment. Have you ever compared organic and non-organic foods at the grocery store? If so, you know that organic food tends to cost more. This happens for many reasons. Organic farming produces fewer crops. 19 Additionally, organic farms spend more money taking care of the animals they raise. These and other factors drive the cost of organic food up. Is organic food worth the extra cost? Some people believe it is. They may think it tastes better or just prefer to eat food that has not been grown using chemicals. 20 They are still trying to find a major difference between organic and non-organic food in terms of safety, nutrition, or taste. Still, others argue that the environmental benefits of organic food make it worth the price. A．Are you wondering if organic food is right for you? B．So it costs people much more money to purchase organic food. C．For most of history, almost all food was organic. D．It is always best to choose organically grown foods if possible. E．Some also think organic foods are naturally more nutritious. F．Have you ever wondered what that means? G．Scientists have studied organic and non-organic foods for many years now. 二、完形填空 At first glance there seems nothing special about the students at Appleton Central High School in Wisconsin. They appear calm, interact comfortably with one another, are focused on their schoolwork and do not seem to 21 . But a couple of years ago, this school had a police officer controlling its halls. 22 , many of the students who attended the school were known to be troublemakers. They caused frequent problems including attacks on teachers. What happened? A glance through the halls at Appleton Central High School provides the 23 . The first change was getting out of the vending machine (自动贩售机) which used to sell a selection of soft drinks and colas. They were replaced by water dispensers (饮水机). The next step was to take hamburgers and chips off the menu in the school restaurant, 24 fresh vegetables and fruits, wholegrain bread and a salad bar. The School Director LuAnn Coenen is still surprised when she speaks of the ‘astonishing’ changes that have occurred at the school since she took these decisions eight years ago. In a school whose 25 was for violence, there is no longer any vandalism (故意破坏), students do not drop litter and the teacher no longer fear attacks in the classrooms. Although she expresses amazement, the idea that food can affect the way our brains work and thus our behavior is not so 26 . The brain is a highly active organ. While it only 27 two per cent of our body weight, it uses a massive 20 percent of our energy. In order to produce that energy, we need a broad range of nutrients that we get from balanced and varied meals. The question is: does eating junk food really have such an extreme effect on people’s 28 ? It is certainly true that our eating habits have dramatically changed over the past 30 years. ‘Fast food’ has become a term that 29 all sorts of frozen meals, microwaved food and food which can only be described as junk food. The ingredients of the average meal have been transported thousands of kilometers before landing on our 30 . So it’s not hard to believe that some nutritional quality is 31 in the process. Do 32 like the high school in Wisconsin point to a direct connection between nutrition and behavior? Stephen Schoenthaler, a professor at California State University, has been researching exactly this 33 for more than 20 years. He has 34 that reducing the sugar and fat intake in our daily diets leads to higher IQs and better grades in school. When he supervised a change in 35 served at 803 schools in low-income neighborhoods in New York City, the number of students that passed final exams rose from 11 percent below the national average to five per cent above. 21．A．concentrate B．disagree C．misbehave D．struggle 22．A．Rather B．Contrarily C．Therefore D．Moreover 23．A．purpose B．answer C．service D．issue 24．A．making room for B．taking care ofC．losing contact with D．giving rise to 25．A．opposition B．reputation C．pressure D．existence 26．A．acceptable B．appealing C．surprising D．bearable 27．A．works on B．emerges from C．invest in D．accounts for 28．A．nutrient B．behavior C．decision D．change 29．A．covers B．serves C．prepares D．skip 30．A．minds B．lands C．tops D．plates 31．A．found B．lost C．measured D．emphasized 32．A．institutes B．prospects C．examples D．strategies 33．A．standard B．innovation C．relationship D．literacy 34．A．proven B．doubted C．objected D．forgotten 35．A．meals B．courses C．schedules D．exams 三、语法填空 Instant noodle has been suffering a sharp decline in sales for various reasons, to 36 food companies responded with large quantities of advertising and promotion, hoping that the lost glory of the industry might one day 37 (restore). Despite the efforts made by many companies, instant noodle is less likely 38 (regain) the popularity. For one thing, present prosperity of catering industry. combined with developed delivery service, promises every individual 39 easy and quick access to large varieties of delicious food. 40 contrast, the so-called convenient noodle appears to be not that convenient, not to mention the much 41 (poor) flavors. For another, with living standards 42 (rise) rapidly, consumers are now not content with food of convenience and various flavors. 43 they need now is food of higher standard, more tasteful, healthier, 44 more nutrients, which a pack of instant noodle can barely satisfy. However, there being a still large demand in the market, we may reach the 45 (assume) that instant noodle won’t disappear for now and probably for ever. 四、书面表达 46．你们班开展了以“How often meals are skipped”为题的调查，调查显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请给校英文报健康栏目写一篇投稿，内容包括： 1. 调查结果和评论； 2. 你的建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第8页，共9页 试卷第9页，共9页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．C 2．C 3．D 【导语】本文是说明文。本文介绍了有机食品的定义、有机农业的实践、消费者选择有机食品的原因，以及有机食品的一些缺点和选择的考虑因素。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“But what exactly is “organic” food? Organic food refers to produce and other agricultural products that are grown or raised without the use of synthetic pesticides, genetically modified organisms (GMOs), antibiotics, or growth hormones.(但究竟什么是“有机”食品呢?有机食品是指不使用合成农药、转基因生物、抗生素或生长激素种植或饲养的农产品和其他农产品)”可知，有机食品是指不使用合成农药、转基因生物、抗生素或生长激素种植或饲养的农产品和其他农产品。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Organic farming focuses on sustainable practices that promote soil health, conserve water, and support natural ecosystems. Farmers who practice organic farming often use techniques such as crop rotation, composting, and natural pest control to maintain the health of their crops and the environment.(有机农业侧重于促进土壤健康、保护水资源和支持自然生态系统的可持续做法。实行有机农业的农民通常使用轮作、堆肥和自然虫害控制等技术来保持作物和环境的健康)”可知，在有机农业中，保持作物和环境健康的常见做法是实行轮作和自然防治虫害。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Consumers are drawn to organic food for various reasons. Some believe that organic food is healthier because it contains fewer synthetic chemicals. Others are concerned about the environmental impact of conventional farming methods and choose organic products to support more sustainable practices.(消费者被有机食品吸引的原因有很多。一些人认为有机食品更健康，因为它含有更少的合成化学物质。另一些人则担心传统耕作方式对环境的影响，并选择有机产品来支持更可持续的做法)”可知，有些消费者认为有机食品更健康，以及选择有机产品来支持更可持续的做法。故选D项。 4．A 5．D 6．D 7．A 【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过对“mouth hunger”和“tummy hunger”这两个概念的阐释说明了如何教孩子进行直觉饮食。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Getting off kids’ back about eating what and trusting their body’s experience of food is key to helping them develop a positive relationship with their body and with eating. (让孩子们不去管吃什么，相信他们身体对食物的体验，这是帮助他们与身体和饮食建立积极关系的关键。)”可知，作者建议父母不要对孩子的饮食“指手画脚”，要相信孩子自己身体的判断。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段“To help kids learn about those eating patterns, parents and caregivers can use the phrases “mouth hunger” and “tummy(肚子) hunger” to help kids explore the different ways our bodies experience food without using outside signals and negative messages. Discussing “mouth hunger”, the sensation of desiring something based on taste and sensation alone, and “tummy hunger”, eating something based on a deep sense of feeling satisfied, can help children start to tune in to their internal experience of food. (为了帮助孩子了解这些饮食模式，父母和照顾者可以使用“口腔饥饿”和“腹部饥饿”这两个短语来帮助孩子探索我们的身体在不使用外部信号和负面信息的情况下体验食物的不同方式。讨论“口腔饥饿”，即仅基于味觉和感觉来渴望某种东西的感觉，以及“腹部饥饿”，也就是基于深切的满足感来吃东西，可以帮助孩子们开始适应他们对食物的内在体验。)”可知，讨论这两个概念的目的是让孩子了解直觉饮食。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段““‘Tummy hunger” is recognizing which foods make our body feel uniquely healthy and content. (肚子饿是指认识到哪些食物能让我们的身体感到独特的健康和满足。)”可知，吃对健康有益的食物属于肚子饿的范畴。故选D。 7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Intuitive(直觉的) eating is often misunderstood as “eat whatever you want, whenever you want”. As a parent, this interpretation of intuitive eating would sound like a terrible idea. Intuitive eating isn’t about eating any food any time. Rather, it’s about allowing our body to be the interpreter of what feels good and trusting our body to manage the imperfections in our eating patterns. Getting off kids’ back about eating what and trusting their body’s experience of food is key to helping them develop a positive relationship with their body and with eating. (直觉饮食经常被误解为“想吃什么就吃什么，想吃什么就想吃什么”。作为父母，这种对直觉饮食的解释听起来像是一个可怕的想法。直觉饮食不是指在任何时候都吃任何食物。相反，这是关于让我们的身体成为感觉良好的解释者，并相信我们的身体能够处理我们饮食模式中的缺陷。让孩子们不去管吃什么，相信他们身体对食物的体验，这是帮助他们与身体和饮食建立积极关系的关键。)”和第二段“To help kids learn about those eating patterns, parents and caregivers can use the phrases “mouth hunger” and “tummy(肚子) hunger” to help kids explore the different ways our bodies experience food without using outside signals and negative messages. Discussing “mouth hunger”, the sensation of desiring something based on taste and sensation alone, and “tummy hunger”, eating something based on a deep sense of feeling satisfied, can help children start to tune in to their internal experience of food. (为了帮助孩子了解这些饮食模式，父母和照顾者可以使用“口腔饥饿”和“腹部饥饿”这两个短语来帮助孩子探索我们的身体在不使用外部信号和负面信息的情况下体验食物的不同方式。讨论“口腔饥饿”，即仅基于味觉和感觉来渴望某种东西的感觉，以及“腹部饥饿”，也就是基于深切的满足感来吃东西，可以帮助孩子们开始适应他们对食物的内在体验。)”可知，本文主要讲述了如何培养有直觉的食客。故选A。 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了预制餐不为大众所接受的原因并且提出监管得当才能保证其营养健康。 8．细节理解题。根据第二段“Pre-made meals refer to half-finished or finished dishes that are already cooked or prepared, according to the China Cuisine Association. There are several types of pre-made foods, including ready-to-eat food, such as canned (罐装的) food or cooked food in packages, and ready-to-heat or ready-to-cook food, which requires heating or cooking before being served.(根据中国烹饪协会的说法，预制餐是指已经煮熟或准备好的半成品或成品菜肴。有几种类型的预制食品，包括即食食品，如罐头食品或包装熟食，以及即热或即煮食品，这些食品在上菜前需要加热或烹饪)”可知，预制餐指的是已经烹饪或准备好的半成品或成品菜肴，故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据第四段“Nutrient loss typically occurs during the heating or frying process.(营养损失通常发生在加热或油炸过程中)”和第五段“By being heated or cooked twice or more, “pre-made foods can be less nutritious than freshly prepared and cooked foods(通过加热或烹饪两次或两次以上，“预先做好的食物可能不如新鲜准备和烹饪的食物有营养”)”可知，营养流失通常发生在烹饪过程中，故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“However, it’s essential that customers buy pre-made meals from qualified food companies or supermarkets.(然而，消费者必须从合格的食品公司或超市购买预制食品)”可知，消费者应该从合格的食品公司或超市购买预制餐，即从可靠的来源购买，故选A。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is hoped that regulations on pre-made meals can be strengthened to better ensure nutrition and hygiene (卫生). This way, “pre-made meals will be more accepted by the public,” Liu said.(人们希望加强对预制食品的监管，以更好地确保营养和卫生。这样，“预制饭菜将更容易被公众接受，”刘说)”可推知，如果监管得当，预制餐可以富含营养，故选C。 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了每天喝足够的水是非常重要的，但过犹不及，并提出了一些科学的喝水建议。 12．推理判断题。第一段首句“By now we all know the importance of drinking enough water throughout the day, but there is such a thing as too much.(到目前为止，我们都知道一天中喝足够的水的重要性，但也有喝水太多的问题。)”首先提出了喝水过多会有不良后果，接着“Earlier this summer, a 35-year-old Indiana woman, died from water toxicity(毒性作用) after drinking too much water in a short period of time, according to a local news report.(据当地新闻报道，今年夏天早些时候，一名35岁的印第安纳州妇女因短时间内饮水过多而死于水中毒。)”举了一位女性喝水过多导致死亡的例子，对前面的话题进行具体说明，由此可推测出，作者通过举例介绍本文话题。故选A。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“While drinking enough water is important, overdoing it can lead to low levels of sodium(钠) in the blood（虽然喝足够的水很重要，但过量喝水会导致血液中的钠含量过低）”可知，喝水过多会导致血液中的钠含量降低。故选C。 14．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“While the gold standard for many years has been eight glasses of 8 ounces(盎司) of water per day, the National Academy of Medicine suggests enough water intake is about 125 ounces for men and about 91 ounces for women.(虽然多年来的黄金标准一直是每天8杯8盎司的水，但美国国家医学院建议，男性的足够摄入水量约为125盎司，女性约为91盎司。)”可知，喝水的黄金标准是每天8杯8盎司的水，即每天64盎司，美国国家医学院的建议是男性每天约125盎司，女性每天约91盎司。所以我们每天最好喝大约64盎司的水。故选D。 15．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一、二段指出喝水过多有危害；第三段指出喝水的量由许多因素决定；第四至最后一段讲述了提出科学喝水量、摄入水的建议。由此可推测出，本文以喝水过多为话题展开论述，提出每天要科学控制喝水。所以B项“多少水是太多的水？”概括文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选B。 16．F 17．C 18．E 19．B 20．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了关于有机食品的一些相关信息。 16．根据上文“You may have noticed some items labelled with the word “organic”.( 你可能已经注意到一些标有“有机”字样的产品)”以及第二段““Organic” refers to the way food is grown.( “有机”指的是食物生长的方式)”可知，本句主要提出“有机”是什么意思，承上启下。故F选项“你有没有想过这是什么意思？”符合语境。故选F项。 17．根据下文“That changed after the Industrial Revolution.(工业革命后，情况发生了变化)”可知，此空说明工业革命前的情况。故C选项“在历史的大部分时间里，几乎所有的食物都是有机的”符合语境。故选C项。 18．根据上文“Many believe the chemicals and pesticides used in modern farming can be harmful to your health.(许多人认为现代农业中使用的化学物质和杀虫剂会对你的健康有害)”可知，此空承接上文说明另一些人的看法。故E选项“一些人还认为有机食品自然更有营养”符合语境。故选E项。 19．根据上文“If so, you know that organic food tends to cost more. This happens for many reasons. Organic farming produces fewer crops.(如果是这样的话，你知道有机食品往往价格更高。这种情况有很多原因。有机农业生产的作物较少)”可知，该空与上文构成因果关系，指出因为有机作物产量少，所以价格更高。B选项“所以人们买有机食品要花更多的钱”符合语境。故选B项。 20．根据下文“They are still trying to find a major difference between organic and non-organic food in terms of safety, nutrition, or taste.(他们仍在努力寻找有机食品和非有机食品在安全性、营养或味道方面的主要区别)”可知，后文提到“仍在努力寻找有机食品和非有机食品在安全性、营养或味道方面的主要区别”，说明科学家对有机食品和非有机食品研究了很多年了。G选项“科学家们研究有机食品和非有机食品已经很多年了”符合语境。故选G项。 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．B 26．C 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．D 31．B 32．C 33．C 34．A 35．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国Wisconsin州的一所学校，通过改变学生的饮食，从而导致他们的行为发生了改变，科学家们对营养与行为的关系进行研究，并证实了减少我们日常饮食中的糖和脂肪摄入可以提高智商，在学校取得更好的成绩。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们看起来很平静，彼此之间的互动很舒服，专注于学业，似乎没有表现不当。A. concentrate集中；B. disagree不同意；C. misbehave表现不当；D. struggle奋斗。根据句意和上文的“They appear calm, interact comfortably with one another, are focused on their schoolwork”可知，他们看起来很平静，彼此之间的互动很舒服，专注于学业，这些表现都很正常，没有行为不端。故选C项。 22．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，许多上过这所学校的学生都是制造麻烦的人。A. Rather很，非常；B. Contrarily相反的；C. Therefore因此；D. Moreover此外，还有。结合上文“But a couple of years ago, this school had a police officer controlling its halls.”和句意可知，前后两句是递进关系。故选D项。 23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：浏览Appleton Central学校的大厅就能找到答案。A. purpose目的；B. answer答案；C. service服务；D. issue问题。根据上文“What happened?”可知，浏览学校的大厅就能找到这个问题的答案。故选B项。 24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：下一步是从学校餐厅的菜单上删除汉堡和薯条，为新鲜蔬菜和水果、全麦面包和沙拉腾出空间。A. making room for腾出空间； B. taking care of照顾；C. losing contact with失去联系；D. giving rise to 造成。根据上文“The next step was to take hamburgers and chips off the menu in the school restaurant”可知，从菜单上删除汉堡和薯条是为新鲜的蔬菜水果这些健康食品腾地方。故选A项。 25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一所以暴力著称的学校里，不再有任何故意破坏行为，学生不再乱扔垃圾，老师也不再害怕教室里的袭击。A. opposition反对；B. reputation名声；C. pressure压力；D.existence存在。根据上文“They caused frequent problems including attacks on teachers.”可知，学校的名声不好。故选B项。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然她表示惊讶，但食物会影响我们的大脑工作方式，从而影响我们的行为，这一想法并不令人惊讶。A. acceptable 可以接受的；B.appealing吸引人的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. bearable可以忍受的。根据上文“Although she expresses amazement”可知，虽然她对此很惊奇，但是这个想法并不令人惊讶，表示转折关系。故选C项。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然它只占我们体重的2%，但它消耗了我们20%的能量。A. works on从事；B. emerges 从……出现；C. invest in投资到； D. accounts for占比例。根据句意可知和“our body weight”可知，大脑仅仅占据我们体重的2%。故选D项。 28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：问题是：吃垃圾食品真的会对人们的行为产生如此极端的影响吗？A. nutrient营养物；B. behaviour行为；C. decision决定；D. change变化。根据上文“Although she expresses amazement, the idea that food can affect the way our brains work and thus our behaviour is not so _____6____ . ” 可知，问题是垃圾食品是否对人的行为产生影响。故选B项。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“快餐”已经成为一个涵盖各种冷冻食品、微波食品和只能被描述为垃圾食品的食品的术语。A. covers包含；B. serves服务；C. prepares准备；D. skip跳过。根据下文“ all sorts of frozen meals, microwaved food and food which can only be described as junk food.”可知，快餐包含这些东西。故选A项。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一顿普通饭的原料在到达我们的盘子之前已经运输了数千公里。A. minds思想；B.lands土地； C. tops顶端；D.plates盘子。根据上文“The ingredients of the average meal”可知，一顿饭的原料最终落在我们的盘子里。故选D项。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，不难相信在这个过程中会失去一些营养品质。A. found发现；B. lost失去；C. measured测量；D. emphasized 强调。根据上文“The ingredients of the average meal have been transported thousands of kilometers before landing on our ____10_____.”可知，食物在运输过程中，营养流失了。故选B项。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像Wisconsin州的这所高中的例子是否表明营养和行为之间有直接联系？A.institutes机构；B. prospects前景；C. examples例子；D.strategies战略。根据文章第一、二、三段可知，作者以Wisconsin州的这所高中为例引出文章的主题。故选C项。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：加州州立大学Stephen Schoenthaler教授对这种关系进行了20多年的研究。A. standard标准；B. innovation创新；C.relationship 关系；D. literacy读写能力。根据上文“ a direct connection between nutrition and behaviour?”可知，Stephen Schoenthaler教授在研究营养与行为之间的关系。故选C项。 34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他已经证明，减少我们日常饮食中的糖和脂肪摄入可以提高智商，在学校取得更好的成绩。A. proven证明；B. doubted怀疑；C. objected反对；D. forgotten忘记。根据下文“When he supervised a change in ____15____served at 803 schools in low-income neighborhoods in New York City, the number of students that passed final exams rose from 11 percent below the national average to five per cent above.”可知，在Stephen Schoenthaler教授监管的学校中，通过改变饮食，通过考试的学生人数增加，故改变饮食可以在学校取得更好的成绩已经得到了证实。故选A项。 35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他监督纽约市低收入社区803所学校的膳食变化时，通过期末考试的学生人数从低于全国平均水平的11%上升到高于全国平均水平5%。A. meals早（或午、晚）餐；B. courses课程；C. schedules日程表；D. exams考试。根据上文“ reducing the sugar and fat intake in our daily diets ”可知，Stephen Schoenthaler教授监管的是饮食方面的变化。故选A项。 36．which 37．be restored 38．to regain 39．an 40．By/In 41．poorer 42．rising 43．What 44．and 45．assumption 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了方便面销量急剧下滑的原因及前景。 36．考查定语从句。句意：由于种种原因，方便面的销量一直在急剧下滑，对此，食品公司以大量的广告和促销作为回应，希望这个行业失去的荣耀有一天能恢复。分析句子结构可知，“to ____1____food companies responded with large quantities of advertising and promotion”是介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，从句缺介词to的宾语，指代上文提到的方便面的销量一直在急剧下滑这件事情，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 37．考查动词语态。句意：由于种种原因，方便面的销量一直在急剧下滑，对此，食品公司以大量的广告和促销作为回应，希望这个行业失去的荣耀有一天能恢复。根据“might”可知，空处需填动词原形，“the lost glory of the industry”和“restore”之间是被动关系，应用be done形式。故填be restored。 38．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管许多公司做出了努力，但方便面不太可能再受欢迎了。固定搭配be likely to do sth表示“可能做某事”。故填to regain。 39．考查冠词。句意：一方面，目前餐饮业的繁荣。结合发达的外卖服务，保证每个人都能方便快捷地获得种类繁多的美味食品。根据“easy and quick access”可知，空处需填冠词，此处泛指“一个容易快捷的机会”，且easy以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 40．考查介词。句意：相比之下，所谓的方便面就显得不那么方便了，更别提那更糟糕的味道了。固定搭配by contrast/in contrast表示“相比之下”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填By或In。 41．考查形容词比较级。句意：相比之下，所谓的方便面就显得不那么方便了，更别提那更糟糕的味道了。根据“flavors”可知，空处需填形容词作定语，分析句意可知，此处比较方便面的味道与种类繁多的其他外卖，应用形容词比较级。故填poorer。 42．考查非谓语动词。句意：另一方面，随着生活水平的迅速提高，消费者现在不满足于方便和各种口味的食品。分析句子结构可知，此处是with的复合结构，“living standards”和“rise”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作宾补。故填rising。 43．考查主语从句。句意：他们现在需要的是更高标准的食品，更美味，更健康，含有更多的营养，一包方便面几乎不能满足。分析句子结构可知，“___8____they need now”是主语从句，从句缺宾语，指代需要的东西，应用连接代词what引导。故填What。 44．考查连词。句意：他们现在需要的是更高标准的食品，更美味，更健康，含有更多的营养，一包方便面几乎不能满足。“more tasteful, healthier”和“more nutrients”是并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 45．考查名词的数。句意：然而，市场上仍然有很大的需求，我们可能会有此假设，那就是方便面现在不会消失，可能永远不会消失。此处作宾语，应用名词assumption“假设”，此处特指“方便面现在不会消失，可能永远不会消失”的假设，应用单数形式。故填assumption。 46．Skipping Meals Our class conducted a survey entitled “How often meals are skipped”. The results of the survey show that the percentage of students who skip meals several times a week is 50%. Some students are keen to eat snacks, skipping regular meals, which does great harm to their health, and even their study, while other students may not have access to a healthy meal due to their busy schedules or lack of access to healthy food options. As far as I am concerned, providing healthy meal options can help reduce the harmful impact of skipping meals and provide students with the nutrition they need. Secondly, it’s important to carve out time for meals by making small adjustments in our schedule or prioritizing breakfast or lunch over other activities. November 26th, 2023 By Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，你们班开展了以“How often meals are skipped”为题的调查，调查显示绝大多数学生都存在“翘饭”现象，请给校英文报健康栏目写一篇投稿，内容包括：1. 调查结果和评论；2. 你的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 实施：conduct→carry out 热衷于：be keen to→be wild about 影响：impact→influence 就我个人而言：As far as I am concerned→Personally speaking 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Our class conducted a survey entitled “How often meals are skipped”. 拓展句：Our class conducted a survey, which was entitled “How often meals are skipped”. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Some students are keen to eat snacks, skipping regular meals, which does great harm to their health, and even their study, while other students may not have access to a healthy meal due to their busy schedules or lack of access to healthy food options.(运用了现在分词作状语和which引导的非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] The results of the survey show that the percentage of students who skip meals several times a week is 50%.(运用了that引导的宾语从句和who引导的限定性定语从句) ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$