专题07 过去时态和语态（练案）-2025年高考英语一轮复习点点通（江苏专用）

2025年高考英语一轮复习点点通（江苏专用） 第07讲 过去时态和语态 目录 01 练模拟（单句填空）-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页 02 练高考（单句填空）-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3页 03 练语篇（语篇填空）------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5页 01 练模拟（单句填空） 1.（2024·江苏省镇江市丹阳市开学）The tourism boom helps to protect and breathe life into the ancient village. A symbolic paifang, standing at the entrance to Xidi, 60 (build) in the 16th century in memory of Hu Wenguang, a Ming Dynasty official born in the village who made great contributions to local education and livelihoods. 2.（2024·江苏省南京外国语学校高三考试）Last November, traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China 43 (add) to the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. 3.（2024·江苏省前黄高级中学高三上学期学情检测）The center 58 (launch) in June on Zhenxing Road to help relieve the pressure on many of those running its 435 street stalls, many of whom are migrant workers from around the country without local relatives to help take care of their children. 4.（2024·江苏省常州市联盟校高三10月调研）Sam Altman, the chief executive of OpenAI, 56 (issue) a warning to lawmakers to act before artificially intelligent technology causes “significant harm to the world,” said Cat Zakrzewski in The Washington Post. 5.（2024·江苏省南通市如皋市高三上学期调研（一））By Aug 19, Haihua Island 41 (receive) over 1 million tourists during the summer vacation. 6.（江苏省南京市五校2022-2023学年高三上学期期中联考）Before 1982, giant pandas 36 (give) away to other countries by the Chinese government as a symbol of friendship and kindness. For instance, two giant pandas were given to the US as gifts after former US President Richard Nixon visited China in 1972. 7.（江苏省海安中学三校联考2022-2024学年高三上学期期中学业质量监测）Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian went to the United States for further studies in 1935. Soon as a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology, he and his colleagues 37 (found) the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the 1940s, now one of NASA’s leading space-exploration centres. 8.（2024·江苏省镇江市丹阳市期中）“The 2023 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to Jon Fosse for his innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable,” the Swedish Academy 56 (announce)in Stockholm on Thursday. 9.（2024·江苏省盐城市联盟校第一次学情调研）At the same time，91.6 percent of respondents 38 （voice）their expectations for more video programs digging deeper into traditional Chinese culture. 10.（2024·江苏省无锡市期中教学质量调研测试）The local dessert is a symbol of victory as its name includes a pun on the Chinese word for “invincibility” (无敌). Legend (传说) says originally it 42 (make) to encourage soldiers in the war or students who set out to take the imperial examination (科举考试). 11.（2024·江苏省马坝高级中学10月学情调研测试）Upon landing and heading to my hotel, I began to wonder what the scenery around my hotel would be like. The following few days 38 (find) me floating down the ancient canals in the “Old Town” district of Suzhou, visiting its gorgeous and historic gardens,exploring the many markets of the city and taking advantage of every opportunity I could to eat favorable Suzhou cuisine. 12.（2024·江苏省句容三中、海安实验中学联考10月月考）Since then, he had to use a hearing aid -- until he visited the Center two months ago when a “miracle” 41 (occur). 13.（2024·江苏省连云港市月考）Most of the day passed, and Kua Fu was finally about to overtake the sun in Yugu, where the sun 42 (suppose)to fall! 14.（2024·江苏省南京市六校高三上学期11月期中联合调研）The art of seal engraving (篆刻) is a foundation of China’s fine arts. It has been an inseparable part of classic Chinese art. In September 2009, China’s seal-engraving art 57 (add) to the list of UNESCO’s items of intangible cultural heritage. 15.（2024·江苏省扬州市高三上学期11月期中）The Yuan Dynasty witnessed the maturity of Chinese landscape painting. The techniques of ink and wash 56 (employ) in this period, which brought Chinese landscape painting to the peak of prosperity and splendor. 02 练高考（单句填空） 1.（2024·北京高考卷）On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 15 (name) the world’s oldest living man. 2.（2024·北京高考卷）My heart went out to him, and I 20 (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 3.（2024·新高考II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 4.（2024·新高考II卷）A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 5.（2024·全国甲卷）They 44 （be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 6.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空）As a little girl,I 65.　　　　　　 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.  7.（2023·1月新高考浙江卷 语法填空）Citizens of higher social classes ____59____ (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. 8.（2023·1月新高考浙江卷 语法填空）The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ________ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). 9.（2023·全国乙卷 语法填空）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 67.　　　　　 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new,and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 10.【2022·新高考I卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___38___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 11.【2022·全国高考乙卷】The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___43___ (address) the opening ceremony. 12.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 13.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 14.（2021新课标I卷）You can’t help wondering how hard it ___________（be）for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 15.（2021新课标II卷）Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _______________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 16.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It __________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 17.（2021全国甲卷）We ____________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 18.（2021年浙江卷） Mary's niece wrote, "The little home _________ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. 19.（2021年浙江卷）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ___________ （sell）most of their furniture. 20.（2021年浙江卷1月）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ____41____ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. 21.（2020新课标I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) —the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— __________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 22（2020新课标III卷）The artist was sure he would___________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. 23.（2020新课标III卷）When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___________ (point) down the river. 24.（2020山东卷）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ______ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759. 25.（2020北京卷）The Neanderthals___ ___（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. 26.（2020浙江卷）And，as more children were born，more food ______(need). 27.（2020浙江卷）By about 6000 BC，people ______ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 28.（2020浙江卷）This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with the rise of science，changes began. New methods __________ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. 29.（2020浙江卷1月）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950______(be)30—today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050. 30.（2020浙江卷1月）However, greater attention should______(place)on longevity(长寿). 31.（2019新课标II卷）Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award，proud Irene ________（declare） she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 32.（2019新课标III卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and __________ (recommend)wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 33.（2019新课标III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay, we _________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars 34.（2018浙江卷）I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 35.（2019浙江卷）When the children are walking or ______(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them. 36.（2019浙江卷）One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 37.（2019北京卷）On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ______(voice) my biggest concern to my mother. 38.（2019北京卷）Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question ______(suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t. 39.（2018新课标II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government _________ (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 40.（2018新课标III卷）True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal __________(mean) me no real harm. 03 练语篇（语篇填空） 1.（2024·江苏省宿迁市高三一模） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Exhibition of Chinese Zodiac (生肖) Culture, which is an annual Chinese New Year cultural series exhibition at the Chongqing Three Gorges Museum, 1 (launch) on January 9,2024. This year’s theme is “Dragon Dance in China,” aiming 2 (show) the rich cultural legacy of the dragon. Open to the public until March 10, the exhibition 3 (consist) of three sections, namely, the King of Insects, the Wisest of All Creatures, and the Purple Air Comes from the East, explaining how the dragon has become a cultural symbol representing imperial power, good fortune, power over weather and water, 4 a pioneering spirit. The dragon, as 5 spiritual being, has evolved throughout Chinese history, reaching its peak during the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. The succession of dynasties sees the dragon’s 6 (expand) into various objects, including bronze, jade, copper mirrors, silk fabrics, and more. 7 (feature) 169 pieces of exhibits related to the symbol of the dragon, the exhibition offers a wide range of artworks, such as jade objects, bronze ware, pottery, clothing, stone carvings, New Year paintings and paper cuttings, among 8 67 pieces are graded cultural relics from different dynasties. In addition to the exhibition, the Chongqing Three Gorges Museum will continue to host a series of 9 (activity), including intangible cultural heritage experiences and cultural creative markets, making it a great choice 10 winter vacation travel. 2.（2023届江苏省苏北四市（徐、淮、连、宿）高三一模） Consisting of a bamboo frame and a 1 (delicate) painted paper surface, Chinese oil-paper umbrellas have long been viewed as a symbol of China’s tradition of cultural craftsmanship and poetic beauty. Not just are they an instrument to keep off rain or sunlight, but also works of art 2 (possess)rich cultural significance and aesthetic(美的)value. The first oil-paper umbrellas appeared during Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220).Later,they 3 (bring) overseas to Japan and ancient Korea during the Tang Dynasty (618-907),which is 4 they were known as “Tang umbrellas”. It takes quite a lot of time and effort to make a traditional Chinese oil-paper umbrella 5 hand. For example,in Fenshui township in Luzhou, Sichuan Province,craftsmenmust complete more than 90 steps and use over 100 different tools 6 (create) a single handmade oil-paper umbrella. Since the appearance of modern mechanical umbrellas, traditional oil-paper umbrellas 7 (suffer) from declining sales, while 8 number of craftsmen has been on thedecrcase. Fortunately, with the 9 (include) of Fenshui oil-paper umbrellas as one ofChina’s national intangible cultural heritages in 2008, things have been improving. These greatitems appear in many fashion shows and media publications due to the positive publicity 10 they have received. 3.（2024·山东省高三下学期齐鲁名校联盟第七次联考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.并将答案填写在答题卡上 In downtown Xiamen, Fujian Province, a 6-meter-high mound(土堆) that stretches for 60 to 70 meters stands in contrast to the high-rise 1 (construction) all around. It is a vital place for the blue-tailed bee-eaters. Now they are under second-level state 2 (protect). The blue-tailed bee-eater, or Merops philippinus, is known for its colorful plumage and on the Chinese mainland it 3 (find) in coastal provinces, such as Fujian and Hainan. 4 (establish) in 2011 as Xiamen’s inaugural city-level nature reserve in an urban area, the Wuyuanwan Nature Reserve provides 5 crucial habitat for the species. In recent years, with improved environmental conditions in Xiamen and the city government’s commitment 6 nature conservation, the blue-tailed bee-eaters have become regular visitors. In 2015, the center 7 (observe) some 70 to 80 birds in the area while in 2023, over 200 of the birds were watched at the nesting site. The birds, 8 are sensitive to smell, build a new nest every year. Therefore, the mound must be cleared and refilled after the blue-tailed bee-eaters fly south. 9 (safeguard) their habitat better, the city government issued a notice in 2017, setting up a protective zone around the nesting site, where noise and pollution-producing industries are prohibited 10 (strict). The 13-year experience of preserving blue-tailed bee-eaters has given the center a grasp of their habits and made the Wuyuanwan Nature Reserve a stable home for them. ( 58 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年高考英语一轮复习点点通（江苏专用） 第07讲 过去时态和语态 目录 01 练模拟（单句填空）-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2页 02 练高考（单句填空）-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4页 03 练语篇（语篇填空）------------------------------------------------------------------------------------11页 01 练模拟（单句填空） 1.（2024·江苏省镇江市丹阳市开学）The tourism boom helps to protect and breathe life into the ancient village. A symbolic paifang, standing at the entrance to Xidi, 60 (build) in the 16th century in memory of Hu Wenguang, a Ming Dynasty official born in the village who made great contributions to local education and livelihoods. 【答案】was built 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意：16世纪，为纪念明朝官员胡文光，西递村入口处有一座象征性的牌坊，胡文光出生于西递村，为当地的教育和生计做出了巨大贡献。根据“in the 16th century”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词build意为“建立”，和主语构成被动关系。主语paifang为第三人称单数。故填was built。 2.（2024·江苏省南京外国语学校高三考试）Last November, traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China 43 (add) to the UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. 【答案】were added 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：去年11月，中国传统茶叶加工技术及相关社会实践被列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录》。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，主语techniques and associated social practices为复数意义名词和动词add为被动关系，结合上下文时态可知，此处应为过去时，所以为一般过去时的被动语态结构。故填were added。 3.（2024·江苏省前黄高级中学高三上学期学情检测）The center 58 (launch) in June on Zhenxing Road to help relieve the pressure on many of those running its 435 street stalls, many of whom are migrant workers from around the country without local relatives to help take care of their children. 【答案】was launched 【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：该中心于6月在振兴路上启动，以帮助减轻435个街头摊位经营者的压力，其中许多人是来自全国各地的外来务工人员，没有当地亲戚帮助照顾他们的孩子。分析句子成分可知，空处应为主句的谓语动词。根据时间状语“in June”，应为一般过去时；且照应主语“The center”和提示词之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；且应为单数。故填was launched。 4.（2024·江苏省常州市联盟校高三10月调研）Sam Altman, the chief executive of OpenAI, 56 (issue) a warning to lawmakers to act before artificially intelligent technology causes “significant harm to the world,” said Cat Zakrzewski in The Washington Post. 【答案】issued 【解析】考查时态。句意：OpenAI首席执行官Sam Altman向立法者发出警告，要求他们在人工智能技术“对世界造成重大伤害”之前采取行动，《华盛顿邮报》的Cat Zakrzewski说。考查本句谓语动词，根据下文“said Cat Zakrzewski in The Washington Post.”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填issued。 5.（2024·江苏省南通市如皋市高三上学期调研（一））By Aug 19, Haihua Island 41 (receive) over 1 million tourists during the summer vacation. 【答案】had received 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：截至8月19日，海花岛在暑假期间接待了超过100万游客。根据上文By Aug 19可知，此处表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had received。 6.（江苏省南京市五校2022-2023学年高三上学期期中联考）Before 1982, giant pandas 36 (give) away to other countries by the Chinese government as a symbol of friendship and kindness. For instance, two giant pandas were given to the US as gifts after former US President Richard Nixon visited China in 1972. 【答案】were given 【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：1982年以前，中国政府将大熊猫作为友谊和善良的象征赠送给其他国家。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据时间状语Before 1982可知，此处应使用一般过去时，give away与主语giant pandas之间为被动关系，且句子主语为名词复数。故填were given。 7.（江苏省海安中学三校联考2022-2024学年高三上学期期中学业质量监测）Born in Hangzhou in 1911, Qian went to the United States for further studies in 1935. Soon as a pioneer in American jet and rocket technology, he and his colleagues 37 (found) the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in the 1940s, now one of NASA’s leading space-exploration centres. 【答案】founded 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：作为美国喷气和火箭技术的先驱，他和他的同事在20世纪40年代建立了喷气推进实验室，现在是美国宇航局领先的太空探索中心之一。分析句子可知，此处应用动词作谓语，根据时间状语1940s可知，此处应用一般过去时，故空处应用动词一般过去时态。故填founded。 8.（2024·江苏省镇江市丹阳市期中）“The 2023 Nobel Prize in literature has been awarded to Jon Fosse for his innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable,” the Swedish Academy 56 (announce)in Stockholm on Thursday. 【答案】announced 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：瑞典学院周四在斯德哥尔摩宣布：“2023年诺贝尔文学奖授予乔恩·福斯，以表彰他的创新戏剧和散文，这些戏剧和散文表达了不可言说的东西。”分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，时间状语是on Thursday，应使用一般过去时，故填announced。 9.（2024·江苏省盐城市联盟校第一次学情调研）At the same time，91.6 percent of respondents 38 （voice）their expectations for more video programs digging deeper into traditional Chinese culture. 【答案】voiced 【解析】考查时态。句意：与此同时，91.6%的受访者表示希望有更多深入挖掘中国传统文化的视频节目。陈述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，故填voiced。 10.（2024·江苏省无锡市期中教学质量调研测试）The local dessert is a symbol of victory as its name includes a pun on the Chinese word for “invincibility” (无敌). Legend (传说) says originally it 42 (make) to encourage soldiers in the war or students who set out to take the imperial examination (科举考试). 【答案】was made 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：传说它最初是为了鼓励战争中的士兵或准备参加科举考试的学生。says后面为省略了that的宾语从句，从句缺少谓语，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，it和make为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was made。 11.（2024·江苏省马坝高级中学10月学情调研测试）Upon landing and heading to my hotel, I began to wonder what the scenery around my hotel would be like. The following few days 38 (find) me floating down the ancient canals in the “Old Town” district of Suzhou, visiting its gorgeous and historic gardens,exploring the many markets of the city and taking advantage of every opportunity I could to eat favorable Suzhou cuisine. 【答案】found 【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：接下来的几天，我在苏州的“老城区”沿着古老的运河漂流，参观了美丽而历史悠久的花园，探索了城市的许多市场，并利用每一个机会吃到美味的苏州菜。文章主体陈述过去发生的事情，此处应用一般过去时。故填 found。 12.（2024·江苏省句容三中、海安实验中学联考10月月考）Since then, he had to use a hearing aid -- until he visited the Center two months ago when a “miracle” 41 (occur). 【答案】occurred 【解析】考查动词。句意：从那以后，他不得不使用助听器——直到两个月前他来到中心，一个“奇迹”发生了。分析句子可知，空处作谓语动词，由句中动词visited可知，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填occurred。 13.（2024·江苏省连云港市月考）Most of the day passed, and Kua Fu was finally about to overtake the sun in Yugu, where the sun 42 (suppose)to fall! 【答案】was supposed 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：大半天过去了，夸父终于要在愚谷赶上太阳了，而愚正是太阳落山的地方。根据“Kua Fu was”可知，此处使用一般过去时，且suppose和sun之间为逻辑上的被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为the sun，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was supposed。 14.（2024·江苏省南京市六校高三上学期11月期中联合调研）The art of seal engraving (篆刻) is a foundation of China’s fine arts. It has been an inseparable part of classic Chinese art. In September 2009, China’s seal-engraving art 57 (add) to the list of UNESCO’s items of intangible cultural heritage. 【答案】was added 【解析】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：2009年9月，中国篆刻艺术被列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录。根据时间状语“In September 2009”可知，此处为一般过去时，China’s seal-engraving art和add为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was added。 15.（2024·江苏省扬州市高三上学期11月期中）The Yuan Dynasty witnessed the maturity of Chinese landscape painting. The techniques of ink and wash 56 (employ) in this period, which brought Chinese landscape painting to the peak of prosperity and splendor. 【答案】were employed 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这一时期水墨技法的运用，使中国山水画达到了繁荣与辉煌的顶峰。分析句子结构可知，employ作本句的谓语，和主语The techniques之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据前文可知，描述的是元代的事，用一般过去时，主语复数，谓语复数形式。故填were employed。 02 练高考（单句填空） 1.（2024·北京高考卷）On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood 15 (name) the world’s oldest living man. 【答案】was named 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 2.（2024·北京高考卷）My heart went out to him, and I 20 (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】jogged 【解析】考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 3.（2024·新高考II卷）“Some of the things that Tang was writing about ___38___ (be)also Shakespeare’s concerns. I happen to know that Tang’s play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet.” 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“汤显祖所写的一些内容也是莎士比亚所关心的。我碰巧知道汤显祖的戏剧《牡丹亭》在某些方面与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》相似。”这里为本句谓语动词，根据句意以及定语从句时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“some of the things”，复数。故填were。 4.（2024·新高考II卷）A statue commemorating Shakespeare and Tang was put up at Shakespeare’s Birthplace Garden in 2017. Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ___41___ (build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace. 【答案】was built 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was built。 5.（2024·全国甲卷）They 44 （be）part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there. 【答案】were 【解析】考查时态。句意：他们是一个由15人组成的探险队的一部分，他们花了近五个星期的时间来见证那里的自然美景。本空前They指代上文提及的四个男人，时间为1870年，同时联系后文had spent的过去完成时可知，本空时态为过去式且为复数形式，故填were。 6.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空）As a little girl,I 65.　　　　　　 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. Now, I’m living out that dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.  【答案】wished　 【解析】考查时态。句意:小时候,我希望长大后成为一名动物园饲养员。根据“As a little girl…”可知,本空应用一般过去时。 7.（2023·1月新高考浙江卷 语法填空）Citizens of higher social classes ____59____ (permit)to live closer to the center of the circles. 【答案】were permitted 【解析】考查动词的被动语态。句意：高等阶层的公民被允许住在离中心地带更近的地方。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，和主语Citizens of higher social classes构成被动关系，因为是对过去事实的陈述应用一般过去时。故填were permitted。 8.（2023·1月新高考浙江卷 语法填空）The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often ________ (feature)beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). 【答案】featured 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这些高级官员和有钱商人的高大的四合院，通常以雕刻精美和被粉刷的房顶横梁和柱子为特点。分析句子结构可知，空格处需要填谓语动词，再结合上下文时态可知，空格处应用一般过去时。故填featured。 9.（2023·全国乙卷 语法填空）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 67.　　　　　 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new,and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 【答案】was amazed　 【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意参考上题。本空动作发生在过去,且动词amaze和句子主语I之间为被动关系,故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为I, 助动词用was。 10.【2022·新高考I卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___38___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【答案】 were 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 11.【2022·全国高考乙卷】The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___43___ (address) the opening ceremony. 【答案】addressed 【解析】考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。故填addressed。 12.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Henry ___42___ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. 【答案】was fixing 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：听到尖叫声时，亨利正在修车。根据句子结构，设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams，可知，设空处的动作是正在发生的，同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词，意为“修理”，其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 13.【2022年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly ___43___ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 【答案】threw 【解析】考查过去式。句意：他迅速把工具扔到一边，伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构，设空处与空后的and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词，意为“扔”，过去时为threw。故填threw。 14.（2021新课标I卷）You can’t help wondering how hard it ___________（be）for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 【答案】was 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。句意为：你不禁要问,当时的人们要把这些石头放好有多难,根据时间状语then,可知描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态,主语为it,故填was. 15.（2021新课标II卷）Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _______________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 【答案】was 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时；one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中，谓语动词用单数，所以填was。 16.（2021全国甲卷）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It __________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 【答案】was built 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态（be done），根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语it为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故填was built。 17.（2021全国甲卷）We ____________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 【答案】hired 【解析】考查时态。句意：我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。 18.（2021年浙江卷） Mary's niece wrote, "The little home _________ （paint）white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. 【答案】was painted 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被漆”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的was built可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语The little home是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。 19.（2021年浙江卷）After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ___________ （sell）most of their furniture. 【答案】sold 【解析】考查动词。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们租了房子，卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。 20.（2021年浙江卷1月）The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ____41____ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. 【答案】was 【解析】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。 21.（2020新课标I卷）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) —the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— __________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 【答案】touched 【解析】考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。 22（2020新课标III卷）The artist was sure he would___________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. 【答案】be chosen 【解析】考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。 23.（2020新课标III卷）When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___________ (point) down the river. 【答案】pointed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。 24.（2020山东卷）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ______ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759. 【答案】formed 【解析】考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。 25.（2020北京卷）The Neanderthals___ ___（live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. 【答案】lived/had lived/had been living 【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态；又因动作发生在过去，强调过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。 26.（2020浙江卷）And，as more children were born，more food ______(need). 【答案】was needed 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。 27.（2020浙江卷）By about 6000 BC，people ______ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 【答案】had discovered 【解析】考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到…为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered. 28.（2020浙江卷）This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with the rise of science，changes began. New methods __________ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. 【答案】meant 【解析】考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。 29.（2020浙江卷1月）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950______(be)30—today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050. 【答案】was 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁，今天是41岁，预计到2050年将增加到42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时，且主语为The median age of an American，故谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填was。 30.（2020浙江卷1月）However, greater attention should______(place)on longevity(长寿). 【答案】be placed 【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且should后跟动词原形，故填be placed。 31.（2019新课标II卷）Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award，proud Irene ________（declare） she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 【答案】declared 【解析】考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。 32.（2019新课标III卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and __________ (recommend)wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 【答案】recommended 【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended 33.（2019新课标III卷）On the last day of our week-long stay, we _________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars 【答案】were invited 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意：我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。 34.（2018浙江卷）I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 【答案】was shocked 【解析】考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填was shocked。 35.（2019浙江卷）When the children are walking or ______(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them. 【答案】were invited 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时，汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分，根据or前的walking可知，此处要用cycling。故填cycling。 36.（2019浙江卷）One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 【答案】improved 【解析】考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去时，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。 37.（2019北京卷）On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ______(voice) my biggest concern to my mother. 【答案】voiced 【解析】考查时态。句意：我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧，“我将如何交朋友？”此处的voice是动词，“表达”的意思，作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情，用一般过去时。故填voiced。 38.（2019北京卷）Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question ______(suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t. 【答案】suggests/suggested/has suggested 【解析】考查时态。句意：对于这个问题的研究表明，对于大多数学生来说，它不重要。这里表示研究的客观结果，所以用一般现在时，一般过去时或现在完成时均可，故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。 39.（2018新课标II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government _________ (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 【答案】started 【解析】考查时态。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态。 40.（2018新课标III卷）True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal __________(mean) me no real harm. 【答案】meant 【解析】考查时态，描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态。 03 练语篇（语篇填空） 1.（2024·江苏省宿迁市高三一模） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Exhibition of Chinese Zodiac (生肖) Culture, which is an annual Chinese New Year cultural series exhibition at the Chongqing Three Gorges Museum, 1 (launch) on January 9,2024. This year’s theme is “Dragon Dance in China,” aiming 2 (show) the rich cultural legacy of the dragon. Open to the public until March 10, the exhibition 3 (consist) of three sections, namely, the King of Insects, the Wisest of All Creatures, and the Purple Air Comes from the East, explaining how the dragon has become a cultural symbol representing imperial power, good fortune, power over weather and water, 4 a pioneering spirit. The dragon, as 5 spiritual being, has evolved throughout Chinese history, reaching its peak during the Yuan, Ming, and Qing dynasties. The succession of dynasties sees the dragon’s 6 (expand) into various objects, including bronze, jade, copper mirrors, silk fabrics, and more. 7 (feature) 169 pieces of exhibits related to the symbol of the dragon, the exhibition offers a wide range of artworks, such as jade objects, bronze ware, pottery, clothing, stone carvings, New Year paintings and paper cuttings, among 8 67 pieces are graded cultural relics from different dynasties. In addition to the exhibition, the Chongqing Three Gorges Museum will continue to host a series of 9 (activity), including intangible cultural heritage experiences and cultural creative markets, making it a great choice 10 winter vacation travel. 【答案】 1．was launched 2．to show 3．consists 4．and 5．a 6．expansion 7．Featuring 8．which 9．activities 10．for 【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述中国生肖文化展是重庆三峡博物馆一年一度的中国新年文化系列展览，于2024年1月9日开幕。今年的主题是“中国舞龙”，旨在展示龙丰富的文化遗产。 1．考查时态语态。句意：中国生肖文化展是重庆三峡博物馆一年一度的中国新年文化系列展览，于2024年1月9日开幕。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文on January 9, 2024可知发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为Exhibition of Chinese Zodiac Culture，谓语用单数。故填was launched。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年的主题是“中国舞龙”，旨在展示龙丰富的文化遗产。短语aim to do sth.表示“旨在做某事”。故填to show。 3．考查时态。句意：此次展览将持续到3月10日，分为“昆虫之王”、“最聪明的生物”、“来自东方的紫色空气”三个部分，介绍龙如何成为皇权、好运、天气和水的力量、开拓精神的文化象征。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为exhibition，谓语用三单形式。故填consists。 4．考查连词。句意：此次展览将持续到3月10日，分为“昆虫之王”、“最聪明的生物”、“来自东方的紫色空气”三个部分，介绍龙如何成为皇权、好运、天气和水的力量、开拓精神的文化象征。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 5．考查冠词。句意：龙，作为一种精神存在，在中国历史上不断发展，在元、明、清时期达到顶峰。此处泛指“一种精神存在”应用不定冠词，且spiritual是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 6．考查名词。句意：历代以来，龙被扩展到各种各样的物品上，包括青铜、玉器、铜镜、丝绸织物等等。作动词的宾语，应用名词expansion，不可数。故填expansion。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：此次展览的特点是展出了169件与龙的象征有关的展品，包括玉器、青铜器、陶器、服装、石雕、年画和剪纸等广泛的艺术品，其中67件是不同朝代的分级文物。分析句子结构可知feature与逻辑主语exhibition构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Featuring。 8．考查定语从句。句意：此次展览展出了169件与龙的象征有关的展品，包括玉器、青铜器、陶器、服装、石雕、年画和剪纸等广泛的艺术品，其中67件是不同朝代的分级文物。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词169 pieces of exhibits，作介词的宾语，指物，故填which。 9．考查名词的数。句意：除了展览，重庆三峡博物馆还将继续举办非物质文化遗产体验和文化创意市场等一系列活动，使其成为寒假旅行的绝佳选择。根据上文a series of可知应用复数形式。故填activities。 10．考查介词。句意：除了展览，重庆三峡博物馆还将继续举办非物质文化遗产体验和文化创意市场等一系列活动，使其成为寒假旅行的绝佳选择。短语make it a great choice for sth.表示“使之成为……的绝佳选择”，for“对”。故填for。 2.（2023届江苏省苏北四市（徐、淮、连、宿）高三一模） Consisting of a bamboo frame and a 1 (delicate) painted paper surface, Chinese oil-paper umbrellas have long been viewed as a symbol of China’s tradition of cultural craftsmanship and poetic beauty. Not just are they an instrument to keep off rain or sunlight, but also works of art 2 (possess)rich cultural significance and aesthetic(美的)value. The first oil-paper umbrellas appeared during Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220).Later,they 3 (bring) overseas to Japan and ancient Korea during the Tang Dynasty (618-907),which is 4 they were known as “Tang umbrellas”. It takes quite a lot of time and effort to make a traditional Chinese oil-paper umbrella 5 hand. For example,in Fenshui township in Luzhou, Sichuan Province,craftsmenmust complete more than 90 steps and use over 100 different tools 6 (create) a single handmade oil-paper umbrella. Since the appearance of modern mechanical umbrellas, traditional oil-paper umbrellas 7 (suffer) from declining sales, while 8 number of craftsmen has been on thedecrcase. Fortunately, with the 9 (include) of Fenshui oil-paper umbrellas as one ofChina’s national intangible cultural heritages in 2008, things have been improving. These greatitems appear in many fashion shows and media publications due to the positive publicity 10 they have received. 【答案】 1．delicately 2．possessing 3．were brought 4．why 5．by 6．to create 7．have suffered 8．the 9．inclusion 10．that/which 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国传统油纸伞的历史、工艺和现状等。 1．考查副词。句意：中国油纸伞由竹制框架和精美的纸面组成，长期以来一直被视为中国传统文化工艺和诗意美的象征。空处修饰形容词painted，应填副词形式delicately作状语，表示“精美地”。故填delicately。 2．考查现在分词。句意：它们不仅是遮风挡雨的工具，而且是具有丰富文化意义和美学价值的艺术品。分析句子可知，空处作后置定语修饰名词短语works of art，且与其逻辑主语works of art为主动关系，所以应填现在分词possessing表主动，表示“拥有，具有”。故填possessing。 3．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：后来，在唐朝(618-907年)，它们被带到海外的日本和古代朝鲜，这就是为什么它们被称为“唐伞”。根据时间状语during the Tang Dynasty，空处谓语动词应填一般过去时，且与主语they之间为被动关系，要与主语they保持主谓一致，用复数。故填were brought。 4．考查表语从句。句意：后来，在唐朝(618-07年)，它们被带到海外的日本和古代朝鲜，这就是为什么它们被称为“唐伞”。分析句子可知，空处引导一个表语从句作系动词is的表语，且从句缺状语，应用连接副词引导，又根据句意可知，所以填连接副词why，表示“为什么”，符合语境。故填why。 5．考查介词。句意：手工制作一把传统的中国油纸伞需要花费相当多的时间和精力。by hand为固定搭配，表示“手工地”。故填by。 6．考查不定式。句意：例如，在四川泸州汾水镇，工匠们必须完成90多个步骤，使用100多种不同的工具才能制作出一把手工油纸伞。此处涉及固定句型use sth. to do，表示“用某物做某事”，用不定式作目的状语。故填to create。 7．考查现在完成时。句意：自从现代机械伞出现以来，传统油纸伞的销量一直在下降，而工匠的数量也在减少。根据时间状语Since the appearance of modern mechanical umbrellas可知，空处谓语动词应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在，可能持续发生下去。且要与主语traditional oil-paper umbrellas保持主谓一致，用复数，即have suffered。故填have suffered。 8．考查定冠词。句意：自从现代机械伞出现以来，传统油纸伞的销量一直在下降，而工匠的数量也在减少。空处涉及固定结构the number of，表示“......的数量”。故填the。 9．考查名词。句意：幸运的是，随着2008年汾水油纸伞被列入中国国家级非物质文化遗产名录，情况有所改善。空处由定冠词the修饰，应填名词inclusion，表示“包含，纳入”，不可数名词。故填inclusion。 10．考查定语从句。句意：由于受到了积极的宣传，这些伟大的作品出现在许多时装表演和媒体出版物中。分析句子可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词publicity，指物，并在从句中作received的宾语，故填关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。 3.（2024·山东省高三下学期齐鲁名校联盟第七次联考） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.并将答案填写在答题卡上 In downtown Xiamen, Fujian Province, a 6-meter-high mound(土堆) that stretches for 60 to 70 meters stands in contrast to the high-rise 1 (construction) all around. It is a vital place for the blue-tailed bee-eaters. Now they are under second-level state 2 (protect). The blue-tailed bee-eater, or Merops philippinus, is known for its colorful plumage and on the Chinese mainland it 3 (find) in coastal provinces, such as Fujian and Hainan. 4 (establish) in 2011 as Xiamen’s inaugural city-level nature reserve in an urban area, the Wuyuanwan Nature Reserve provides 5 crucial habitat for the species. In recent years, with improved environmental conditions in Xiamen and the city government’s commitment 6 nature conservation, the blue-tailed bee-eaters have become regular visitors. In 2015, the center 7 (observe) some 70 to 80 birds in the area while in 2023, over 200 of the birds were watched at the nesting site. The birds, 8 are sensitive to smell, build a new nest every year. Therefore, the mound must be cleared and refilled after the blue-tailed bee-eaters fly south. 9 (safeguard) their habitat better, the city government issued a notice in 2017, setting up a protective zone around the nesting site, where noise and pollution-producing industries are prohibited 10 (strict). The 13-year experience of preserving blue-tailed bee-eaters has given the center a grasp of their habits and made the Wuyuanwan Nature Reserve a stable home for them. 【答案】 1．constructions 2．protection 3．is found 4．Established 5．a 6．to 7．observed 8．which 9．To safeguard 10．strictly 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了厦门市五源湾自然保护区的成立及在保护蓝尾食蜂鸟方面取得的成效。 1．考查名词复数。句意：在福建省厦门市中心，一个6米高的土墩延伸60到70米，与周围的高层建筑形成鲜明对比。根据“the high-rise”可知，空处需填名词，结合句意可知，周围不止一栋建筑物，故用名词复数。故填constructions。 2．考查名词。句意：这是蓝尾食蜂鸟的重要栖息地。现在它们处于国家二级保护状态。根据“under second-level state”可知，空处需填名词作宾语，under protection表示“在保护之下”。故填protection。 3．考查时态语态。句意：蓝尾食蜂鸟(Merops philippinus)以其色彩鲜艳的羽毛而闻名，在中国大陆，它主要分布在沿海省份，如福建和海南。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，描述客观情况用一般现在时，主语“it”和“find”之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，故填is found。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：五源湾自然保护区成立于2011年，是厦门首个城市自然保护区，为该物种提供了一个重要的栖息地。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“provides”，故空处需填非谓语动词，“the Wuyuanwan Nature Reserve”和“establish”之间是被动关系，故填过去分词。故填Established。 5．考查冠词。句意：五源湾自然保护区成立于2011年，是厦门首个城市自然保护区，为该物种提供了一个重要的栖息地。根据句意可知，此处泛指“一个重要的栖息地”，用不定冠词表示泛指，“crucial”以辅音音素开头，故填a。 6．考查介词。句意：近年来，随着厦门环境状况的改善和市政府对自然保护的承诺，蓝尾食蜂鸟已成为常客。commitment to表示“对……的承诺”。故填to。 7．考查时态。句意：2015年，该中心在该地区观察到大约70到80只鸟。分析句子结构可知，空处缺谓语动词，根据“In 2015”可知，用一般过去时。故填observed。 8．考查定语从句。句意：这些鸟对气味很敏感，每年都会建一个新巢。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词是“The birds”，指物，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更好地保护它们的栖息地，市政府于2017年发布了一份通知，在筑巢地周围建立了一个保护区，严格禁止噪音和制造污染的行业。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词“issued”，故空处需填非谓语动词，结合句意可知，市政府发布这样的通知是为了更好地保护它们的栖息地，故用动词不定式作目的状语。故填To safeguard。 10．考查副词。句意：为了更好地保护它们的栖息地，市政府于2017年发布了一份通知，在筑巢地周围建立了一个保护区，严格禁止噪音和制造污染的行业。分析句子结构可知，空处需填副词作状语，修饰动词“prohibited”，故填strictly。 ( 58 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$