内容正文:
Unit 4 Seasons
课时3 语法
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目 录
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课时精讲
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课时过关
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课时精讲
形容词是表示人或事物的性质、状态,一般置于它所修饰的名词之前作定语,或连系动词之后作表语。本单元主要讲解形容词在句中作定语,表语和用在“It is+adj.+to do sth.”句型中。
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形容词的用法
1.形容词作定语
(1)大多数形容词作定语修饰名词时,其位置放在被修饰的名词前,说明名词的品质或特征。如:
He is a good teacher. 他是一名好老师。
She is wearing a green coat. 她穿着一件绿外套。
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(2)但在下列情况下,形容词却放在它所修饰的名词之后。
①当被修饰的词是somebody, someone, something, anybody, anyone, anything, nobody, nothing等复合不定代词,形容词作定语时要后置。如:
I would like something cheap. 我想要点便宜的东西。
Is there anything new in that book? 那本书里有什么新东西吗?
②形容词短语作定语时,要放在所修饰的名词的后面。这些形容词短语多由“形容词+介词/不定式”构成。如:
I think he is a man suitable for the job. 我认为他是适合做这项工作的人。
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(3)enough修饰名词时可前置或后置。如:
We have enough time/time enough. 我们有足够的时间。
(注意:形/副+enough,此时enough 必须后置)
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2.形容词作表语
形容词作表语,常位于连系动词be(am, is, are),become, get, turn, look, keep, seem等词的后面,说明主语的特征、状态或身份。如:
The food is delicious. 这种食物美味可口。
The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
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3.句型“It is+adj.(形容词)+to do sth.(不定式短语)”
这个句型中,常用important, interesting, exciting, nice, easy, hard, good, useful, wrong, right, difficult等形容词。如:
It is interesting to play in the snow. 在雪里玩是有趣的。
It is important to listen to the teacher carefully in class. 课堂上认真听老师讲课很重要。
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(1)此句型中,如果表语是kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite等描述性格、品质的形容词,则应在不定式前加of sb. 即“It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.”某人做某事是…… 如:
It is very kind of you to help me. 你能帮我你真是太好了。
It's clever of you to do so. 你这样做真聪明。
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(2)如果形容词表示“对某人而言”,描述的是事情的性质,可在动词不定式前加一个for sb. 即“It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”对某人来说做某事是…… 如:
It's difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说,完成这项工作很困难。
It's hard for me to answer your question. 对我来说,要回答你的问题很难。
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名词变形容词的方法
1.在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。
rain→rainy多雨的, cloud→cloudy多云的, wind→windy有风的, snow→snowy多雪的,
health→healthy健康的, luck→lucky幸运的
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注意:如果名词以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个辅音字母,这时应双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如:sun→sunny晴朗的,fog→foggy有雾的, fun→funny有趣的;
如果以不发音的字母e结尾的名词变为形容词时,应去掉e再加-y。如:
noise→noisy吵闹的,ice→icy冰冷的
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2.一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词。如:
care→careful小心的, thank→thankful感谢的, help→helpful有帮助的
3.一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。如:
China→Chinese, Japan→Japanese, England→English, America→American
4.在名词后加-ous变为形容词。如:danger→dangerous
5.在名词后加-ly变为形容词。如:friend→friendly, love→lovely(以-ly结尾的还有lonely, lively)
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6.在名词后加-less变成含有否定意义的形容词。如:care→careless粗心的, use→useless无用的
7.一些以-ence结尾的名词,把-ence改为ent变成形容词。如:difference→different, silence→silent安静的
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02
课时过关
写出下列单词的形容词。
1.health _________
2.rain _______
3.snow _______
4.sun _______
5.interest _________________________
6.noise _______
7.importance ___________
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healthy
rainy
snowy
sunny
interesting/interested
noisy
important
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8.friend __________
9.danger ___________
10.use _________________
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friendly
dangerous
useful/useless
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用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.The film isn't __________(suit)for children under 16.
2.They were all ___________ when they saw the____________ ending of the film.(surprise)
3.He told the police _________(brief)what he had heard last night.
4.Vegetables are much ___________(healthy)for us than fat.
5.Mr Smith usually gives us some ________(advice)on learning English.
6.The neighbours were _______ with the ________ noise around.(bore)
7.I'm sorry that I couldn't come to have my hair ______(do)today.
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suitable
surprised
surprising
briefly
healthier
advice
bored
boring
done
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8.Our English teacher always makes his class _____________, so we are all ____________ in English.(interest)
9.The earthquake ___________(destroy)many houses in Yaan, Yunnan Province on July 9, 2009.
10.That's _________. We are ________ that he agreed so quickly.(amaze)
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interesting
interested
destroyed
amazing
amazed
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用“It+is+adj.+to do sth.”的形式翻译下列句子。
1.在空闲时间跟朋友们一起玩游戏是有趣的。(It's interesting to…)
________________________________________________________________
2.每天吃新鲜的水果对我们来说是很重要的。(It's important for us to…)
________________________________________________________________
3.爬这座山很危险。(It's dangerous to…)
________________________________________________________________
4.你帮助我学英语真是太友好了。(It's friendly of you to…)
________________________________________________________________
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It's interesting to play games with friends in the free time.
It's important for us to eat fresh fruit every day.
It's dangerous to climb this mountain.
It's friendly of you to help me learn English.
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语法填空
What do you do at the weekend? Some people like to stay at home and have 1.___ rest. Others like to go out to have a picnic. They think it can make their life 2.____________(colour).I work very hard from Monday to Friday. On weekends I like doing something different. 3._____ Saturday mornings,I first wash my car,4.______ then I take my family to a village far from the city. My parents live there, so we visit 5._______ every week.
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a
colourful
On
and
them
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They have a big farm. They 6._______(be)very busy. When we get there, they often ask us 7. _______ (help)them.The 8.___________(child)help feed the animals. My wife and I help water the plants. After 9.__________(work)all day, we are very tired and hungry. At this time, my parents give us a nice meal. We like the delicious food. It is so wonderful 10.__________(enjoy)the time when the family get together.
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are
to help
children
working
to enjoy
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本节内容到此结束!
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Unit 4 Seasons
课时3 语法
【课时过关】
一、1.healthy 2.rainy 3.snowy
4.sunny 5.interesting/interested
6.Noisy 7.important 8.friendly
9.dangerous 10.useful/useless
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二、1.suitable 2.surprised;surprising
3.briefly 4.healthier
5.advice 6.bored; boring
7.done 8.interesting;interested
9.destroyed 10.amazing; amazed
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三、1.It’s interesting to play games with friends in the free time.
2.It’s important for us to eat fresh fruit every day.
3.It’s dangerous to climb this mountain.
4.It’s friendly of you to help me learn English.
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【能力提升】
1.a 2.colourful 3.On
4.and 5.them 6.are
7.to help 8.children 9.working
10.to enjoy
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本节内容到此结束!
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