Unit 7 单元讲义 2023-2024学年人教版八年级英语下册

八下Unit 7 复习讲义 知识点1 重点单词 1.平方 3.人口 5.古代的 7.成就：成绩 9.条件：状况 11.自然界 13.成年的 15.醒着 17.政府 知识点2 重点短语 2.深的 4.旅行者 6.保护：防护 8.包括 10.力：力量 12.出生 14.研究；调查 16.疾病 18.巨大的 1.(可以)随便(做某事) 2.就我所知 3.吸入：吞入 4.面对(问题：困难等) 5.即使：虽然 6.至多有；不多于 7.绊倒 8.大约：左右 知识点3 重点句型 1.关于今天的长城之旅，请随意向我提问。 to ask me anything on today's Great Wall tour. 2.这是一个令人惊奇的故事。 This is story. 3.就我所知，再没有其他像它这样大的人造物体了。 I know,there are no other man-made objects as big as this. 4.面对危险他表现得非常勇敢。 He showed great bravery danger. 5.当你接近山顶的时候，你还会感到吸入空气非常 困难。 It is also very hard to air as you get near the top. 6.要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。 Everybody should be given the chance to their aims. 7.这个盒子比那个盒子大三倍。 This box is bigger than that one. 8.大熊猫能活到20至30岁。 A panda can live 20 to 30 years 9.请调查这次空难的原因。 Please carry out a into the cause of the plane crash. 10.昨天他下楼时摔倒了。 He while coming down the stairs yesterday. 知识点4 重点语法 (一)大数的表达与读法 1000以上的基数词的表示法：先从右至左数，每 三位数加一个逗点(即以此把数目分为若干段)。第 一个逗点前的数为thousand(千),第二个逗点前的数 为 million ( 百 万),第三个逗点前的数为 billion (十亿)。 【注意】①英语没有“万”这个单位，要表示“万”须借用 thousand, 如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand)。 ②在 hundred 后通常加上连词and 。若读数中没有 hundred, 则在thousand 后加and。 (二)形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 1.比较等级的构成 (1)规则变化 ①单音节词和部分双音节词： 一般在词尾加-er 或-est。如 ：tall→taller→tallest 。 以不发音 的字母e 结尾的词，直接加-r 或-st 。如 ：nice →nicer→nicest 。以“辅音字母+y” 结尾的 词，先把y 变 为i,再加-er或-est。如 ：easy→ easier>easiest 。 重读闭音节结尾，词尾只有 一个辅音字母，先双写这个辅音字母后，再 加-er 或-est。如 ：big→bigger→biggest。 ②多音节词和部分双音节词：在词前加more 或 most 。如 ：difficult→more difficult→most difficult。 (2)不规则变化 常见的词有：good/well→better→best;bad/ badly/ill→worse→worst;many/much→more →most;little→less→least;far→farther/fur- ther→farthest/furthest;old→elder/older→ eldest/oldest。 2.形容词与副词比较级的用法 形容词与副词比较级常用于两者之间的比较， 表示两者之间的差异。构成形式多为“主语十谓语 (连系动词)十形容词或副词比较级+than+ 比 较 对象”。 He rans faster than Tom.他跑得比汤姆快。 【注意】①在上下文意思明确的情况下，也可以单独 使用比较级。 ②比较级前可用far,even,a lot,a little,a bit, much 等修饰，表示程度进一步加深。 3.形容词与副词最高级的用法 形容词与副词的最高级常用于三者或三者以 上的人或事(物)之间的比较。在表示最高程度，即 表示其中一个在某方面“最……”时使用。在句中 使用时，形容词最高级前通常用the, 在副词最高级 前可用the, 也可省略。句中常含有表示比较范围 的介词of 或 in;of 后面一般接表示一群人或事物 的代词或名词，in 后面一般接表示单位或场所的 名词。 This is the most amazing story of all.这是所有故 事中最令人惊讶的。 4.最高级与比较级之间的转换 形容词与副词的最高级可与“比较级+than+ any other+单数名词”或“比较级+than+the oth- er+ 复数名词”进行相互转换。 Tom is the tallest in his class.汤姆在他班里是最 高的。=Tom is taller than any other student in his class.汤姆比他班里其他任何一个学生都高。 =Tom is taller than the other students in his class. 汤姆比他班里的其他学生都高。 ( 典例解析 ) 【典例】 —Next Monday is our mother's birthday. Let's buy some cards for her. —Why not make some ourselves?It will be much A.interesting B.more interesting C.most interesting D.the most interesting 【解析】 考查形容词比较等级。much 可修饰形 容词或副词的比较级，表示程度。故选B。 【答案】 B 跟踪训练 ( )1.—How long is the new bridge?Do you know? —Yes.It's about A.one thousand one hundred and eighty meters B.one thousand and one hundred fifty me- ters C.two thousand one hundred forty meters D.two thousands seventy and three me- ters ( )2.Winter is season,and winter vaca- tion is than summer vacation. A.colder;the shortest B.the coldest;short C.the coldest;shorter D.cold;shorter ( 单元达标验收 ) I. 单项选择(15分) ( )1.She died a traffic accident last week. A.out B.with C.from D.for ( )2.The fans shouted with when they saw the famous singer. A.exciting B.excited C.excite D.excitement ( )3.—Do his pets the cat? —Yes.He has three pet cats this one. A.include;include B.include;including C.including;including D.including;include ( )4.The book has so many pages.I can't finish reading it in a few days A.wide B.deep C.thick D.long ( )5.For most people,it's very difficult to air on the top of Qomolangma. A.take out B.take off C.take up D.take in Ⅱ.完形填空(20分) Australia is a big island in the world.It is a 1 smaller than China.It is in the 2 of the earth.So when it is hot summer in 3 ,it is cold winter in Australia. Australia is big,but the population is 4 The population there is the same 5 that of Shanghai,a city in China. Australia is famous for its 6 and kanga- roos.After a short drive from any town,you will find 7 in the middle of the white sheep.Sheep, sheep, 8 are sheep.Have you ever seen a kan- garoo?It has a“bag”in its body.The 9 kanga- roo keeps its baby kangaroo in the“bag”.That is very 10 ,isn't it? ( )1.A.much B.little C.more D.few ( )2.A.north B.west C.south D.east ( )3.A.China B.New Zealand C.Brazil D.South Africa ( )4.A.little B.few C.less D.small ( )5.A.as B.so C.for D.such ( )6.A.horses B.cats C.sheep D.tigers ( )7.A.you B.yourself C.your D.yours ( )8.A.there B.where C.anywhere D.everywhere ( )9.A.girl B.son C.mother D.father ( )10.A.bad B.interesting C.boring D.beautiful Ⅲ.补全对话(15分) A:Excuse me.Miss Lin.1. B:Yes,Jim,I have. A:That's great.2. B:Of course,you can.Why do you need it? A:The science teacher asked us to read books or watch VCDs to know more about pandas. B:3. A:Yes,and so are my classmates. B:Oh,I see.Here it is.4. A:Thank you,Miss Lin. B:5. A.What do you want? B.Could I borrow one,please? C.Are you interested in pandas? D.You're welcome. E.Good luck to you. F.I hope it can be helpful to you. G.Do you have any VCDs about pandas? IV.阅读理解(20分) There are more than 350 different kinds of sharks swimming in the oceans.Sharks are fish. Sharks have lived in Earth's oceans for a very long time.There are small sharks and large sharks in the oceans now.The smallest shark only grows to be about twenty centimeters long.The whale shark can be eighteen meters long! Unlike most bony fish,sharks don't have hard bones inside their bodies.Instead,sharks'bones are made of cartilage(软骨) ,like the end of your nose. Most fish have scales( 鳞 )covering their bodies. There are lots of little teeth on the surfaces of sharks. Most sharks feed on fish and little sea animals. Some sharks may eat a meal for one or two months. There are about thirty kinds of sharks that may kill people.Many kinds of sharks are in danger because people kill them for their meat and shark fin(鱼翅). We should save sharks. ( )1.Sharks A.are not fish B.have a long history C.have the same shape D.can live in rivers ( )2.Sharks are most bony fish. A.longer than B.smaller than C.different from D.the same as ( )3.There are lots of on sharks'skin. A.scales B.cartilage C.hard bones D.little teeth ( )4.Some sharks A.only feed on plants B.have hard bones C.are dangerous to people D.eat meals every day ( )5.The best title of the article is“ ”. A.Sharks B.Food of Sharks C.The Kinds of Sharks D.Save Sharks V.单词拼写(10分) 1.The river is too d (深). 2.Look at the t (浓的)clouds. 3.We should p (保护)the animals.They are ourfriends. 4.People lived in terrible c (条件)in the past. 5.A baby is usually about 50 cm long at b (出生). V.书面表达(20分) 你知道由于环境污染、人类的残杀，很多野生动 物濒临灭绝。请以“How to Protect Wild Animals” 为题，用英语写一篇短文，说明保护野生动物的重要 性以及怎样保护它们。80词左右。 内容包括：1.为什么有些野生动物处于危险中； 2.为什么保护野生动物很重要； 3.我们应该采取什么措施来保护野生动物。 ( 中考真题演练 ) I. 单项选择 ( )1.(孝感2022)—Dear friends,do you still remember why you came here three years ago? —To our dreams! A.copy B.save C.imagine D.achieve ( )2.(南通2023)High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great _of China. A.Achievements B.Agreements C.Environments D.Instruments ( )3.(安徽2023)—The 5G technology can help doctors treat patients who are hundreds of kilometers away. —It's really A.secret B.direct C.amazing D.traditional ( )4.(徐州2023)My grandma is a really nice person—one of people I know. A.nice B.nicer C.nicest D.the nicest ( )5.(铜仁2023)—Your handwriting is beauti- ful. —Thank you,I write than before. A.careful B.more careful C.more carefully D.carefully ( )6.(襄阳2023)—Wang Lin did in the final exam this term again. —That's not strange.He always gets full marks in all of his subjects. A.worst B.worse C.best D.better ( )7.(益阳2023)We all know that birds fly to Dongting Lake in winter. A.million B.millions C.millions of ( )8.(内江2023)Our hometown is becoming more and more beautiful visitors come here on weekends. A.Hundred B.Hundreds C.Hundred of D.Hundreds of ( )9.(龙东地区2023)This year is the 49th Earth Day and I think we should people not to too many trees A.call on;cut down B.call at;cut up C.call in;cut off ( )10.(青海2023)—We're still expecting a new movie shown in the cinema. .there are no more new movies this month. A.After all B.As far as I know C.So far ( )11.(福建中考2022)Blue whales are We should try to protect them. A.in time B.in public C.in danger ( )12.(无锡2022)He stayed up very late that night. he woke up in the morn- ing,the sun was already high up in the sky. A.Until B.After C.While D.As ( )13.(攀枝花2022)—Can you write the number sixty-five thousand,six hundred and twenty-six? —Yes,it's A.65,662 B.65,626 C.56,662 D.56,626 ( )14.(襄阳2023)—Most of the wild animals are because of their bad living environment. —So we must do something to save them. A.in need B.on duty C.at work D.in danger ( )15.(孝感2022)It's not necessary to find a friend who is the same you. A.in B.as C.to D.from ( )16.(安顺2023)I think young phubbers(低头 族)are supposed to the time they spend their smartphones. A.cut off;in B.cut down;on C.cut up;on D.cut in;in Ⅱ.阅读理解( 杭州2022) A lot of animals travel from one place to another. We call this migration. In Africa,large animals,like elephants and ze- bras,migrate to find food and water.They usually follow the same ways every year. A lot of birds migrate to find food and better weather,too.They are usually birds that eat in- sects.They spend the summer in northern Europe, because there are lots of insects there.In the winter there aren't any insects,so the birds fly south to southern Europe and Africa Some insects migrate,too.In North America, millions of monarch butterflies fly south to spend the winter in Mexico,California and Florida,where it's warmer.They travel 50-65 km each day and they travel about 1,125 km. Some fish migrate to breed(繁殖).Salmon(鲑 鱼)can swim over 20,000 km in their life.They are born in rivers in Ireland,Scotland and other places in northern Europe.The young fish swim down the river to the sea and into the Atlantic Ocean.They live in the ocean until they are adults.Then they re- turn to the river where they were born.They lay their eggs in the river and then they usually die. Salmon do this,because their eggs are safer in the river.Other fish can't eat them. Arctic terns(北极燕鸥) travel the furthest when they migrate.They spend the summer in the Arctic,but when winter comes they fly to the Ant- arctic,because it's summer there.The next year they fly back to the Arctic again.In one year these small birds travel 36,000 km from one end of the earth to the other and back again.Nobody knows how they do it. ( )1.According to the passage,monarch butter- flies in North America migrate to A.find insects B.look for water C.find better weather D.produce young ( )2.Adult salmon swim back to the river be- cause · A.they won't be eaten by other big fish B.they want to lay eggs in a safer place C.they are getting ready to die there D.they want to go where they grew up ( )3.Which of the following is true about animals'migration? A.Elephants in Africa usually travel the same way each year. B.Most birds fly to southern Europe and Africa in summer. C.Some insects travel 1,125 km each day. D.Salmon swim 20,000 km each year. ( )4.The example of Arctic terns in the last par- agraph is used mainly to show A.the distance of migration B.the purpose of migration C.the direction of migration D.the time of migration 参考答案Unit 7 知识点1 1.square 2.deep 3.population 4.tourist 5.ancient 6.protect 7.achievement 8.include 9.condition 10.force 11.nature 12.birth 13.adult 14.research 15.awake 16.illness 17.government 18.huge 知识点2 1.feel free 2.as far as I know 3.take in 4.in the face of 5.even though 6.up to 7.fall over 8.or so 知识点3 1.Feel free 2.an amazing 3.As far as 4.in the face of 5.take in 6.achieve 7.three times 8.up to 9.research 10.fell over 跟踪训练 1.A 2.C 单元达标验收 I.1.C 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D Ⅱ.1.B 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.B Ⅲ.1.G 2.B 3.C 4.F 5.D IV.1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.A V.1.deep 2.thick 3.protect 4.conditions 5.birth V.One possible version: How to Protect Wild Animals Many wild animals are in danger,because the environ- ment that they are living in has changed a lot.For exam- ple,with the development of cities,the air is polluted and water is not clean any more;wild animals'living places are also polluted badly.Many of them don't have enough food to eat.At the same time,many people kill some special animals for their fur,skin,teeth and meat. As we all know,animals are our friends.Human be- ings can't live without plants and animals.We should plant more trees to make homes for wild animals and stop ani- mals from being killed.If there are more plants and more wild animals,the world will be more beautiful.So protecting wild animals is very important.Let's work together to protect wild animals. 中考真题演练 I.1.D 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.B 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.D 15.B 16.B Ⅱ.1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$