Unit 2 课时3 语法-【宝典训练】2023-2024学年七年级下册英语高效课堂课件（沪教牛津版）

Unit 2　Travelling around the world 课时3　语法 目 录 01 课时精讲 02 课时过关 01 课时精讲 一、了解专有名词及其用法 1．定义：表示特定的人名、地名、事物或组织机构的名称。如： (1)人名，地名 Jenny珍妮　　　　　　Smith史密斯　　　　　　China中国 Asia亚洲　　　　　 the Great Wall长城　　　 London伦敦 (2)组织机构、时间、书籍报刊等的名称 the United Nations联合国 Bank of China中国银行 May五月 Sunday周日 Time 《时代》周刊 The New York Times 《纽约时报》 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 2．专有名词的注意事项(共三点)： (1)一般情况下，第一个字母要大写，专有名词通常不带冠词，也没有复数形式。如： Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。 但有时，专有名词可以转换为普通名词，这样它就具有了普通名词的特性了，即可以在前面加上不定冠词a或an，在词尾加上表示复数形式的“-s”。姓名前加不定冠词(a, an)表示“名叫……的人”或“像……一样的人”。　如： A Mr Green called just now. 刚才有位格林先生打来电话。 I knew a John, but not the famous one. 我认识一个叫约翰的，但不是著名的那个。 There are 3 Kates in my class. 我班有三个叫Kate的(相当于three people called Kate)。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 (2)姓氏是专有名词，一般没有复数形式，而且也不能加定冠词“the”，但是当前面加了“the”时，后面加了“-s”的时候，表示 “一家人” 或 “夫妇俩” 谓语动词也用复数。如： The Smiths are watching TV now. 史密斯一家人现在正在看电视。 (3)有些专有名词表面上看起来是复数形式，但实际使用时谓语动词用单数。如： the United States美国 The United Nations looks after the whole world. 联合国守护全世界。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 二、学习并列连词and，but，so的用法 在英语中，连词是连接单词、短语或者句子的一种虚词，它在句子中一般不重读，也不能在句子中单独作成分。按照本身含义及其所连接的成分的性质，连词可以分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词可以用来表示并列、转折或因果等意义。今天我们要讲的就是三个并列连词：and(表示并列)；but(表示转折)；so(表示因果)。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 ►连词and 【解析1】用来表示并列关系；意思是“和；又”；常用来连接表示对等成分的单词、短语或者句子。如： His name is David, and he is a teacher.(连接两个句子) 他叫大卫，他是一名老师。 Our teacher is kind and helpful.(连接两个形容词) 我们的老师和蔼可亲，乐于助人。 【解析2】Do something, and you will … 做某事，你就会……　如： Be careful, and you will do better. 仔细些，你就会做得更好。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 ►连词but 【解析1】用来表示转折关系；意思是“但是”；所连接的成分意思相反或相对。如： I can speak English, but I can't write it well. 我会说英语，但写不好。 The car is very old, but it can run fast. 这辆小汽车很旧了，但跑得很快。 【解析2】but也可用于表示歉意的场合，常和sorry连用。 如： I'm sorry, but I have to look after my mother. 对不起，我得照顾我的妈妈。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 ►连词so 【解析1】用来表示因果关系；意思是“因此；所以”；常用来连接两个简单句，这两个简单句有意思上的因果关系。如： I have many friends, so I feel very happy. 我有很多朋友，所以我很开心。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 【解析2】不能和because同时出现在一个句子中。也就是说，使用了并列连词so，就不用because(从属连词)；使用了because，就不用so。如： (错)Because it is near my house, so I can walk to school. (对)It is near my house, so I can walk to school. (对)Because it is near my house, I can walk to school. 因为离我家很近，所以我可以步行上学。 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 02 课时过关 一、用适当的连词填空 1．Study hard _____ you will pass the exam. 2．It was snowing, ____ I could not go out. 3．I like the computer very much, ___ it is too expensive. I can't afford it. 4．My favourite subjects are Art _____ Chinese. 5．It is very cold, _____ those students are still having PE class in the playground. 6．My mother is ill, ____ I have to stay at home and look after her. and so but and but so 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 二、用and, but或so，because完成下列句子 1．Jim is seventy years old, _____ he is still very active. 2．Jack comes from the US _____ he is thirteen years old. 3．He is not a teacher _____ a doctor. 4．The door was locked, ____ we couldn't get in. 5．It is very cold, ____ wear a heavy coat when you go out. 6．Tom is good at all his subjects, _________ he always works hard. but and but so so because 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 三、语法填空。 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Many students in China have to learn English. Some of these students 1．_____ (be)small children. Others are teenagers (青少年)．Many are adults. Some learn at school, and others study by 2．____________ (they). A few learn English over the radio, on TV, 3．_____ through films. One must work hard to learn another language. 4．______ do all these people want to learn English？ are themselves and Why 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 It is difficult 5．___________ (answer) that question. Many boys and girls learn English at school because it is one of their 6．__________ (subject)． to answer subjects 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 They study their own language, Maths and English … Some people learn English because it is 7．________ (use)for their work. Many people often learn English for their higher studies, because at college or university(大学)some of their books are 8．____ English. Other people learn English because they want 9．_________ (read) newspapers and magazines in English. A lot of people in China enjoy 10．__________ (learn) English now. useful in to read learning 第 ‹#› 页 课时3　语法 返回目录 本节内容到此结束！ logo $$