Unit 3 Reading and Thinking （导学案)-【帮课堂】2024-2025学年高二英语同步学与练（人教版2019选择性必修第二册）

Unit 3 Food and Culture Period 1 Reading and Thinking（导学案） 2024年课程标准 学习目标 本单元阅读文本围绕“理解食物与文化的关系”(Understand the link between food and culture)展开，从一个外国人的视角记述中国各地典型菜肴，并阐述其中所反映的文化内涵、历史传统、地域特色等，引导学生理解和思考食物与地域、文化传统、当地人性格等的关系。 【语言能力】 通过略读、梳理、归纳等策略，提取文本主要信息，概括段落大意，梳理文本结构。 【思维品质】 了解在美国被改良的中华菜肴的相关信息，并通过此例，初步感知、理解和简单阐释菜肴和个性、品质和文化之间的关系。 【文化意识】 进一步理解和阐释菜肴和个性、品质和文化之间的关系。 01-单元重点词汇 1．________________n.     菜肴；风味；烹饪 2．________________n.      烹饪法；食谱 3．________________vt.         填满；把……塞进n.     东西；物品 -关注考试词霸，陪你一起背单词！ 4．________________n.     脾气；火气 5．________________n.       无用的东西 6．________________adv.   有点；稍微 7．________________adv.    不顾；不加理会 8．________________n.      类别；种类 9．________________n.   数量；数额 10．________________adj.    完美的；理想的；想象的n.     理想；完美的人(或事物) 11．________________adj.   根本的；基础的；基本的n.    基本规律；根本法则 12．________________vi.&vt.    咀嚼；嚼碎n.      咀嚼 13．________________adv.    总体上；大致上 adj.    全面的；综合的 02-单元核心单词拓展 1．______________adj.先前的；优先的→______________n．优先事项；优先；优先权 2．______________vi.在于；存在于；由……组成→______________adj.一致的；连续的→______________adv.始终如一地；一贯地 3．______________adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的→______________n．优美；高雅 4．______________prep.除……之外→______________n．例外→______________adj.特别的；罕见的→______________adv.特别；非常 5．______________adj.最低(限度)的；最小的n.最小值；最少量→______________adj.最高的；最多的；最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度；最高限度 6．______________vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→______________n．消费者→______________n．消费；消耗 7．______________adj.稳定的；稳重的→______________adv.稳定地 8．______________vt.联系；联想→______________n．协会；关联 9．______________adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的→______________adv.谦虚地；适度地→______________n．谦逊；谦虚 10．______________n．诀窍；计谋；把戏→______________adj.狡猾的；棘手的 03-单元阅读词汇 1．_____________adj.　 大胆自信的；敢于冒险的 2．_____________n.     厨师；主厨 3．_____________n.    素食者 4．_____________n.    蒜 5．_____________n.      品牌 6．_____________n.    (尤指烹饪)材料；成分 7．_____________n.        (饭后)甜点 8．_____________n.      食堂；餐厅 9．_____________n.       自助餐厅；自助食堂 10．_____________n.    维生素 11．_____________n.     纤维；纤维制品 12．_____________n.     适度；合理 04-单元重点词块 1．____________________ 在……之前的 2．____________________ 由……组成(或构成) 3．____________________ 另一方面 4．____________________ 因此；结果 5．____________________ 至少；最小 6．____________________ 携手共进 7．____________________ 谋生 8．____________________ 动身；出发；引起；爆炸 9．____________________ 不管；不顾 10．____________________ 换句话说 11．____________________ 削减；节省 12．____________________ 停止；切断 05-单元重点句型 1．that引导同位语从句 However, there is increasing evidence_____________________________ (健康不佳的真正原因) is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. 2．句中不定式to eat作后置定语，修饰名词place When my family and I had just arrived in China，we went looking for ________________________ (吃东西的好地方) in Beijing. 3．how 引导宾语从句 It is up to you to decide ____________________________ (你想怎样生活) and to make the right decisions about your diet. 4．句中while引导时间状语从句 Put more simply，________________________________ (当人们继续争论) whether or not fatty food is dangerous，we already know that sugar is a killer. ►1．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的　n．最小量；最少量 【典例】 At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead，and what they like and do not like. 至少，当地人吃的食物种类告诉我们，他们在他们的地区种植什么，他们过着什么样的生活，他们喜欢什么，不喜欢什么。 【知识点拨】 a minimum of... 最少…… above the minimum 超过最低限度 at a/the minimum 至少 below the minimum 低于最低限度 down to a minimum 降到最低点 maximum adj. 最高的；最多的 minimize vt. 使减少到最低限度 maximize vt. 使增加到最大限度 【变式练1-1】The candidates must have a first degree ________ a minimum. 【变式练1-2】We tried to keep costs down ________ a minimum. 【变式练1-3】Cook for ________ minimum of 2 hours，or until the meat is tender. 【变式练1-4】Good hygiene can help ________ (minimum) the risk of infection. ►2．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗 【典型】 The electricity industry consumes large amounts of fossil fuels every year.每年电力行业消耗大量的化石燃料。【知识点拨】 (1)be consumed with 使充满(强烈的感情) (2)consumer n. 消费者；顾客 (3)consumption n. 消耗 【变式练2-1】For the past three hours, he _________ (consume) two bottles of alcohol. 【变式练2-2】It was reported that the meat was unfit for human ________ (consume)． 【变式练2-3】 ________ (consume) with curiosity, he opened the box without hesitation. 【变式练2-4】We Chat is to the taste of ________________ (大多数人的), especially the youth. 【变式练2-5】I believe that students supporting me are ________________________ (占大多数)． ►3．quantity n．数量；数额 【典例】 Processed foods often contain less nutrition，and have higher quantities of sugar，salt，and fat than fresh ingredients. 加工食品通常含有较少的营养，并且比新鲜原料含有更多的糖、盐和脂肪。 【知识点拨】 (1)a large/small quantity of＝large/small quantities of“大/少量的”，既可以修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词 a (large/small) quantity of后接名词作主语时，谓语常用单数形式 (large/small) quantities of后接名词作主语时，谓语常用复数形式 (2)in quantity 在数量上；大量地 in large quantities 大量地 【变式练3-1】 Our government spent a large quantity ________ money in stopping pollution. 【变式练3-2】 Every day in hot summer，a large quantity of beer ________ (consume)． 【变式练3-3】 Large quantities of air conditioners ________________ (sell) since the summer is coming. 【变式练3-4】 He likes reading and always buys books in ________ /in large ________ (quantity)． ►4．ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的　n．理想；完美的人(或事物) 【典例】 The ideal diet is a balanced one，without too much or too little of any one thing. 理想的饮食是均衡的，任何一种东西都不要吃得太多或太少。 【知识点拨】 the ideal and the real 理想与现实 realize/fulfil one's ideal(s) 实现理想 be ideal for... 对……极为适合 【变式练4-1】 The houses are absolutely ideal ________ families with young children. 【变式练4-2】In any case ________ ideal and the real must always be referred to one another. 【变式练4-3】Good excuse won't help you __________________！ 美好的借口都不会帮助你实现自己的人生理想！ ►5．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏　vt.哄骗；欺骗 【典例】 There is no one trick to healthy eating. 健康饮食没有什么诀窍。 【知识点拨】 play tricks/a trick on sb. 搞恶作剧；开某人玩笑 make fun of sb. 取笑某人 trick sb. into doing sth. 骗某人做某事 play a joke on sb. 取笑某人 【变式练5-1】Don't take it seriously；she just wants to play a joke ________ you. 【变式练5-2】We were tricked ________ buying a poor car，which made me very upset. 【变式练5-3】The kids always playing _________ (trick) on their teacher, thus making the teacher annoyed. 【变式练5-4】She ________________ (trick) into spending too much money，which made her very upset. ►6．consist of 由……组成 【典例】 For example，America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken，which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce，flavoured with hot red peppers. 例如，美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左公鸡，这道菜是用甜酱汁包裹的炸鸡，加上红辣椒调味。 【知识点拨】 consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of或be composed of，且不用于进行时。 consist of 由……组成 consist in＝lie in 存在于……，在于…… consist with... 与……一致；符合 【变式练6-1】Happiness consists ________ contentment. 【变式练6-2】He is a man whose actions do not consist ________ his promises. 【变式练6-3】The rescue team is composed of eight soldiers and two doctors. ＝The rescue team ________ eight soldiers and two doctors. ＝The rescue team ________________ eight soldiers and two doctors. 救援队由8个士兵和2个医生组成。 ►7．recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物 【典例】 I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines to us and give us more free time to read them. 我希望老师能给我们推荐一些更有趣的书和杂志，给我们更多的自由时间进行阅读。 【知识点拨】 (1)recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 recommend that sb. (should) do sth.建议某人做某事 (2)recommend sb. sth. 向某人推荐某物 recommend sth. to sb. 把某物推荐给某人 recommend sb. as... 推荐某人为…… (3)recommendation n. 推荐；介绍信 【变式练6-1】The young man was ____________ as manager of the big company thanks to the ____________ letter of his professor.(recommend) 【变式练6-2】Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai，both are highly ______________ (recommend)． 【变式练6-3】It is recommended that you ________ (set) aside a few minutes every day to communicate with your family. ►8．cut down削减；砍倒；缩短某物 【典例】 With more and more forests cut down，large quantities of soil are being washed away. 随着越来越多的森林被砍伐，大量的土壤正在被冲走。 【知识点拨】 cut in 插话；让某人分享利润 cut up 切碎；齐根切掉 cut out 删除 cut through 开辟 cut off 切断；中止；隔绝 【变式练6-1】It is impolite for children to ________ when their seniors are talking. 【变式练6-2】________ the carrots before you put them into the pot. 【变式练6-3】My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking，but at least he has ________. 【变式练6-4】The water supply has been _________ temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes. ►考点1.do(does/did)＋动词原形 [教材原句]On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans. 另一方面，它确实告诉了我们很多关于美国人的事情。 【知识点拨】 句中的“do come”属于“do(does/did)＋动词原形”结构，用来强调谓语动词，加强语气。 【变式练1-1】However, ________________ was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.(do) 然而，我的确知道，我的女朋友觉得我身上的味很难闻。 【变式练1-2】In order to achieve his dream，he ________________.(do) 为了实现梦想，他确实在努力奋斗。 【变式练1-3】________________ when you get there.(do)　当你到了那里请务必给我来信。 ►考点2. as做连词可引导原因状语从句 [教材原句]Besides this, it is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth.除此之外，在你的饮食中添加一些肉、豆类或乳制品也是很重要的，因为它们提供了强健骨骼和肌肉生长所需的蛋白质。 【知识点拨】 这是as做连词可引导原因状语从句。 as做连词可引导原因状语从句，时间状语从句，让步状语从句和方式状语从句。 As you are in poor health, you shouldn't stay up late. (表原因) 你身体不好，你不该熬夜。 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. (表时间) 太阳升起时，雾消失了。 Always do to others as you would be done by.(表方式) 别人怎么对待你就怎么对待别人。 Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.(表让步) 尽管他还是个孩子，但他知道怎么做才是正确的。 注意：as 引导让步状语从句要倒装。 【变式练2-1】食物也是个问题，因为找不到蔬菜和水果。 Food was also a problem ____________________________ or fruit to be found. 【变式练2-2】尽管你读得很快但你不可能这么快读完这本书。 ________________________________， you can't finish the book so soon. 【变式练2-3】当他在公园散步时，他听到了一个小女孩唱歌。 ____________________________________， he heard a girl singing. 【总结感悟】-构建知识体系 1、 单词拼写 1.New goals are not always_________（一致的）with the existing policies. 2.After the operation you may find it difficult to __________ （咀嚼）and swallow. 3.The two office buildings are __________(有点) alike in appearance. 4.It’s not just a little ________(诀窍) that you can pick up in half an hour. 5.________ （理想的）study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner. 6.They firmly believe that color is __________(基本的) in home design. 7.Literature can be divided into two main __________（种类）：fiction and nonfiction. 8.Organic meat and ________(奶制的) products usually cost more than other products. 9.Although Xiaoshenyang is famous all over the country，he is still quite _______（谦虚的）. 10.They welcomed this move but said that _________(总体上) the changes didn’t go far enough. 二、语法填空 1.At the age of five he showed ________ (exception) talent as a musician. 2.A ________ (vegetable) diet may not provide enough calories for a child's normal growth. 3.It was one of the books that ________ (recommend) at the end of his first lecture. 4.The system works ________ (stable) in practice to improve product efficiency. 5.He ________ (roll) up his jeans, apparently waiting in the pond. 6.It ________ (be) possible but not easy to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830. 7.________ (chew) too fast can cause you to swallow too much air. 8.This is a policy we have pursued ________ (consistent). 9.The hotel is ________ (ideal) designed for country walks. 10.Steve was pretty upset and angry when he found out how he ________ (trick). 三、完成句子 1.我受够了点心，我想要一些真正的川菜。 Enough with the ________________， I want some real Sichuan foods. 2.其他热汤包括豆腐脑、米粥和玉米粥。 Other hot soups include jellied ________________， rice porridge and corn porridge. 3.他的演讲充满了引用语。(pepper) His speech ________________ quotations. 4.他们的策略是以最小的代价实现其目标。(minimum) Their strategy is designed to achieve its goals ________________ cost. 5.据称，所有飞往武汉的航班都被取消，直至抗击新冠肺炎取得全国性胜利。(cancel) It was announced that all flights to Wuhan ________________ until the countrywide victory over the COVID19. 6.他们坚决要求他出席这次典礼。(insist) They insisted that __________________________. 7.有证据表明，高血压在某种程度上是一种家族疾病。(同位语从句) ________________ high blood pressure is, in part, a familial disease. 8.据说这个发电站现在是过去的两倍大。(倍数表达法) It's said that the power plant ________________ what it was. 9.她建议不要在周六开班会。(recommend) She recommended that ________________ on Saturday. 10.由你来告诉我们什么时候将完成这个困难的任务。(up to) ________________ when we will complete the difficult assignment. ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 Food and Culture Period 1 Reading and Thinking（导学案） 2024年课程标准 学习目标 本单元阅读文本围绕“理解食物与文化的关系”(Understand the link between food and culture)展开，从一个外国人的视角记述中国各地典型菜肴，并阐述其中所反映的文化内涵、历史传统、地域特色等，引导学生理解和思考食物与地域、文化传统、当地人性格等的关系。 【语言能力】 通过略读、梳理、归纳等策略，提取文本主要信息，概括段落大意，梳理文本结构。 【思维品质】 了解在美国被改良的中华菜肴的相关信息，并通过此例，初步感知、理解和简单阐释菜肴和个性、品质和文化之间的关系。 【文化意识】 进一步理解和阐释菜肴和个性、品质和文化之间的关系。 01-单元重点词汇 1．________________n.     菜肴；风味；烹饪 2．________________n.      烹饪法；食谱 3．________________vt.         填满；把……塞进n.     东西；物品 -关注考试词霸，陪你一起背单词！ 4．________________n.     脾气；火气 5．________________n.       无用的东西 6．________________adv.   有点；稍微 7．________________adv.    不顾；不加理会 8．________________n.      类别；种类 9．________________n.   数量；数额 10．________________adj.    完美的；理想的；想象的n.     理想；完美的人(或事物) 11．________________adj.   根本的；基础的；基本的n.    基本规律；根本法则 12．________________vi.&vt.    咀嚼；嚼碎n.      咀嚼 13．________________adv.    总体上；大致上 adj.    全面的；综合的 【答案】 1．cuisine n.     菜肴；风味；烹饪 2．recipe n.      烹饪法；食谱 3．Stuff vt.         填满；把……塞进n.     东西；物品 -关注考试词霸，陪你一起背单词！ 4．temper n.     脾气；火气 5．junk n.       无用的东西 6．somewhat adv.   有点；稍微 7．regardless adv.    不顾；不加理会 8．category n.      类别；种类 9．quantity n.   数量；数额 10．ideal adj.    完美的；理想的；想象的n.     理想；完美的人(或事物) 11．fundamental adj.   根本的；基础的；基本的n.    基本规律；根本法则 12．chew vi.&vt.    咀嚼；嚼碎n.      咀嚼 13．overall adv.    总体上；大致上 adj.    全面的；综合的 02-单元核心单词拓展 1．______________adj.先前的；优先的→______________n．优先事项；优先；优先权 2．______________vi.在于；存在于；由……组成→______________adj.一致的；连续的→______________adv.始终如一地；一贯地 3．______________adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的→______________n．优美；高雅 4．______________prep.除……之外→______________n．例外→______________adj.特别的；罕见的→______________adv.特别；非常 5．______________adj.最低(限度)的；最小的n.最小值；最少量→______________adj.最高的；最多的；最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度；最高限度 6．______________vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→______________n．消费者→______________n．消费；消耗 7．______________adj.稳定的；稳重的→______________adv.稳定地 8．______________vt.联系；联想→______________n．协会；关联 9．______________adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的→______________adv.谦虚地；适度地→______________n．谦逊；谦虚 10．______________n．诀窍；计谋；把戏→______________adj.狡猾的；棘手的 【答案】 1．prior adj.先前的；优先的→priority n．优先事项；优先；优先权 2．consist vi.在于；存在于；由……组成→consistent adj.一致的；连续的→consistently adv.始终如一地；一贯地 3．elegant adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的→elegance n．优美；高雅 4．except prep.除……之外→exception n．例外→exceptional adj.特别的；罕见的→exceptionally adv.特别；非常 5．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的n.最小值；最少量→maximum adj.最高的；最多的；最大极限的n.最大量；最大限度；最高限度 6．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗→consumer n．消费者→consumption n．消费；消耗 7．stable adj.稳定的；稳重的→stably adv.稳定地 8．associate vt.联系；联想→association n．协会；关联 9．modest adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的→modestly adv.谦虚地；适度地→modesty n．谦逊；谦虚 10．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏→tricky adj.狡猾的；棘手的 03-单元阅读词汇 1．_____________adj.　 大胆自信的；敢于冒险的 2．_____________n.     厨师；主厨 3．_____________n.    素食者 4．_____________n.    蒜 5．_____________n.      品牌 6．_____________n.    (尤指烹饪)材料；成分 7．_____________n.        (饭后)甜点 8．_____________n.      食堂；餐厅 9．_____________n.       自助餐厅；自助食堂 10．_____________n.    维生素 11．_____________n.     纤维；纤维制品 12．_____________n.     适度；合理 【答案】 1．bold adj.　 大胆自信的；敢于冒险的 2．chef n.     厨师；主厨 3．vegetarian n.    素食者 4．garlic n.    蒜 5．brand n.      品牌 6．ingredient n.    (尤指烹饪)材料；成分 7．dessert n.        (饭后)甜点 8．canteen n.      食堂；餐厅 9．cafeteria n.       自助餐厅；自助食堂 10．vitamin n.    维生素 11．fibre n.     纤维；纤维制品 12．moderation n.     适度；合理 04-单元重点词块 1．____________________ 在……之前的 2．____________________ 由……组成(或构成) 3．____________________ 另一方面 4．____________________ 因此；结果 5．____________________ 至少；最小 6．____________________ 携手共进 7．____________________ 谋生 8．____________________ 动身；出发；引起；爆炸 9．____________________ 不管；不顾 10．____________________ 换句话说 11．____________________ 削减；节省 12．____________________ 停止；切断 【答案】 1．prior to 在……之前的 2．consist of 由……组成(或构成) 3．on the other hand 另一方面 4．as a result 因此；结果 5．at a minimum 至少；最小 6．go hand in hand 携手共进 7．earn one's living 谋生 8．see off 动身；出发；引起；爆炸 9．regardless of 不管；不顾 10．in other words 换句话说 11．cut down on 削减；节省 12．cut out 停止；切断 05-单元重点句型 1．that引导同位语从句 However, there is increasing evidence_____________________________ (健康不佳的真正原因) is not so much fatty food, as it is sugar. 2．句中不定式to eat作后置定语，修饰名词place When my family and I had just arrived in China，we went looking for ________________________ (吃东西的好地方) in Beijing. 3．how 引导宾语从句 It is up to you to decide ____________________________ (你想怎样生活) and to make the right decisions about your diet. 4．句中while引导时间状语从句 Put more simply，________________________________ (当人们继续争论) whether or not fatty food is dangerous，we already know that sugar is a killer. 【答案】 1.that the real driver of poor health 2.a good place to eat 3.how you want to live 4.while people continue to argue over ►1．minimum adj.最低(限度)的；最小的　n．最小量；最少量 【典例】 At a minimum, the kinds of food local people consume tell us what they grow in their region, what kinds of lives they lead，and what they like and do not like. 至少，当地人吃的食物种类告诉我们，他们在他们的地区种植什么，他们过着什么样的生活，他们喜欢什么，不喜欢什么。 【知识点拨】 a minimum of... 最少…… above the minimum 超过最低限度 at a/the minimum 至少 below the minimum 低于最低限度 down to a minimum 降到最低点 maximum adj. 最高的；最多的 minimize vt. 使减少到最低限度 maximize vt. 使增加到最大限度 【变式练1-1】The candidates must have a first degree ________ a minimum. 【变式练1-2】We tried to keep costs down ________ a minimum. 【变式练1-3】Cook for ________ minimum of 2 hours，or until the meat is tender. 【变式练1-4】Good hygiene can help ________ (minimum) the risk of infection. 【答案】1. at 2. to 3. a 4. minimize ►2．consume vt.吃；喝；饮；消耗 【典型】 The electricity industry consumes large amounts of fossil fuels every year.每年电力行业消耗大量的化石燃料。【知识点拨】 (1)be consumed with 使充满(强烈的感情) (2)consumer n. 消费者；顾客 (3)consumption n. 消耗 【变式练2-1】For the past three hours, he _________ (consume) two bottles of alcohol. 【变式练2-2】It was reported that the meat was unfit for human ________ (consume)． 【变式练2-3】 ________ (consume) with curiosity, he opened the box without hesitation. 【变式练2-4】We Chat is to the taste of ________________ (大多数人的), especially the youth. 【变式练2-5】I believe that students supporting me are ________________________ (占大多数)． 【答案】1.has consumed 　 2.consumption　　 3. Consumed　 4.the majority of people 5.in the majority ►3．quantity n．数量；数额 【典例】 Processed foods often contain less nutrition，and have higher quantities of sugar，salt，and fat than fresh ingredients. 加工食品通常含有较少的营养，并且比新鲜原料含有更多的糖、盐和脂肪。 【知识点拨】 (1)a large/small quantity of＝large/small quantities of“大/少量的”，既可以修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词 a (large/small) quantity of后接名词作主语时，谓语常用单数形式 (large/small) quantities of后接名词作主语时，谓语常用复数形式 (2)in quantity 在数量上；大量地 in large quantities 大量地 【变式练3-1】 Our government spent a large quantity ________ money in stopping pollution. 【变式练3-2】 Every day in hot summer，a large quantity of beer ________ (consume)． 【变式练3-3】 Large quantities of air conditioners ________________ (sell) since the summer is coming. 【变式练3-4】 He likes reading and always buys books in ________ /in large ________ (quantity)． 【答案】1.of 　 2.is consumed 3. have been sold 4.quantity ; quantities ►4．ideal adj.完美的；理想的；想象的　n．理想；完美的人(或事物) 【典例】 The ideal diet is a balanced one，without too much or too little of any one thing. 理想的饮食是均衡的，任何一种东西都不要吃得太多或太少。 【知识点拨】 the ideal and the real 理想与现实 realize/fulfil one's ideal(s) 实现理想 be ideal for... 对……极为适合 【变式练4-1】 The houses are absolutely ideal ________ families with young children. 【变式练4-2】In any case ________ ideal and the real must always be referred to one another. 【变式练4-3】Good excuse won't help you __________________！ 美好的借口都不会帮助你实现自己的人生理想！ 【答案】1. for 2.the 3.realize your life ideal ►5．trick n．诀窍；计谋；把戏　vt.哄骗；欺骗 【典例】 There is no one trick to healthy eating. 健康饮食没有什么诀窍。 【知识点拨】 play tricks/a trick on sb. 搞恶作剧；开某人玩笑 make fun of sb. 取笑某人 trick sb. into doing sth. 骗某人做某事 play a joke on sb. 取笑某人 【变式练5-1】Don't take it seriously；she just wants to play a joke ________ you. 【变式练5-2】We were tricked ________ buying a poor car，which made me very upset. 【变式练5-3】The kids always playing _________ (trick) on their teacher, thus making the teacher annoyed. 【变式练5-4】She ________________ (trick) into spending too much money，which made her very upset. 【答案】1.on　 2. into　 3. tricks 4.was tricked ►6．consist of 由……组成 【典例】 For example，America's most popular Chinese dish is General Tso's chicken，which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce，flavoured with hot red peppers. 例如，美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左公鸡，这道菜是用甜酱汁包裹的炸鸡，加上红辣椒调味。 【知识点拨】 consist of没有被动语态，相当于be made up of或be composed of，且不用于进行时。 consist of 由……组成 consist in＝lie in 存在于……，在于…… consist with... 与……一致；符合 【变式练6-1】Happiness consists ________ contentment. 【变式练6-2】He is a man whose actions do not consist ________ his promises. 【变式练6-3】The rescue team is composed of eight soldiers and two doctors. ＝The rescue team ________ eight soldiers and two doctors. ＝The rescue team ________________ eight soldiers and two doctors. 救援队由8个士兵和2个医生组成。 【答案】1.in 2.with　　 3.consists of ; is made up of ►7．recommend sth. to sb. 向某人推荐某物 【典例】 I hope our teachers can recommend more interesting books and magazines to us and give us more free time to read them. 我希望老师能给我们推荐一些更有趣的书和杂志，给我们更多的自由时间进行阅读。 【知识点拨】 (1)recommend sb.to do sth. 建议某人做某事 recommend that sb. (should) do sth.建议某人做某事 (2)recommend sb. sth. 向某人推荐某物 recommend sth. to sb. 把某物推荐给某人 recommend sb. as... 推荐某人为…… (3)recommendation n. 推荐；介绍信 【变式练6-1】The young man was ____________ as manager of the big company thanks to the ____________ letter of his professor.(recommend) 【变式练6-2】Of the two trips to the Yangtze River and Mount Tai，both are highly ______________ (recommend)． 【变式练6-3】It is recommended that you ________ (set) aside a few minutes every day to communicate with your family. 【答案】1.recommended ; recommendation　 2.recommended　　 3.(should) set ►8．cut down削减；砍倒；缩短某物 【典例】 With more and more forests cut down，large quantities of soil are being washed away. 随着越来越多的森林被砍伐，大量的土壤正在被冲走。 【知识点拨】 cut in 插话；让某人分享利润 cut up 切碎；齐根切掉 cut out 删除 cut through 开辟 cut off 切断；中止；隔绝 【变式练6-1】It is impolite for children to ________ when their seniors are talking. 【变式练6-2】________ the carrots before you put them into the pot. 【变式练6-3】My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking，but at least he has ________. 【变式练6-4】The water supply has been _________ temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes. 【答案】1.cut in 2.Cut up 3.cut down 4.cut off ►考点1.do(does/did)＋动词原形 [教材原句]On the other hand，it does tell us a lot about Americans. 另一方面，它确实告诉了我们很多关于美国人的事情。 【知识点拨】 句中的“do come”属于“do(does/did)＋动词原形”结构，用来强调谓语动词，加强语气。 【变式练1-1】However, ________________ was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible.(do) 然而，我的确知道，我的女朋友觉得我身上的味很难闻。 【变式练1-2】In order to achieve his dream，he ________________.(do) 为了实现梦想，他确实在努力奋斗。 【变式练1-3】________________ when you get there.(do)　当你到了那里请务必给我来信。 【答案】1.what I did know　 2.does work hard　 3.Do write me a letter ►考点2. as做连词可引导原因状语从句 [教材原句]Besides this, it is also important to have some meat, beans, or dairy products in your diet, as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth.除此之外，在你的饮食中添加一些肉、豆类或乳制品也是很重要的，因为它们提供了强健骨骼和肌肉生长所需的蛋白质。 【知识点拨】 这是as做连词可引导原因状语从句。 as做连词可引导原因状语从句，时间状语从句，让步状语从句和方式状语从句。 As you are in poor health, you shouldn't stay up late. (表原因) 你身体不好，你不该熬夜。 As the sun rose, the fog disappeared. (表时间) 太阳升起时，雾消失了。 Always do to others as you would be done by.(表方式) 别人怎么对待你就怎么对待别人。 Child as he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.(表让步) 尽管他还是个孩子，但他知道怎么做才是正确的。 注意：as 引导让步状语从句要倒装。 【变式练2-1】食物也是个问题，因为找不到蔬菜和水果。 Food was also a problem ____________________________ or fruit to be found. 【变式练2-2】尽管你读得很快但你不可能这么快读完这本书。 ________________________________， you can't finish the book so soon. 【变式练2-3】当他在公园散步时，他听到了一个小女孩唱歌。 ____________________________________， he heard a girl singing. 【答案】1.as there were no vegetables　 2.Fast as you read 　 3.As he was walking in the park 【总结感悟】-构建知识体系 1、 单词拼写 1.New goals are not always_________（一致的）with the existing policies. 2.After the operation you may find it difficult to __________ （咀嚼）and swallow. 3.The two office buildings are __________(有点) alike in appearance. 4.It’s not just a little ________(诀窍) that you can pick up in half an hour. 5.________ （理想的）study times are after dinner or right after school before dinner. 6.They firmly believe that color is __________(基本的) in home design. 7.Literature can be divided into two main __________（种类）：fiction and nonfiction. 8.Organic meat and ________(奶制的) products usually cost more than other products. 9.Although Xiaoshenyang is famous all over the country，he is still quite _______（谦虚的）. 10.They welcomed this move but said that _________(总体上) the changes didn’t go far enough. 【答案】1. consistent 2. chew 3. somewhat 4.trick 5. Ideal 6. fundamental 7. categories 8.dairy 9.modest 10.overall 二、语法填空 1.At the age of five he showed ________ (exception) talent as a musician. 2.A ________ (vegetable) diet may not provide enough calories for a child's normal growth. 3.It was one of the books that ________ (recommend) at the end of his first lecture. 4.The system works ________ (stable) in practice to improve product efficiency. 5.He ________ (roll) up his jeans, apparently waiting in the pond. 6.It ________ (be) possible but not easy to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830. 7.________ (chew) too fast can cause you to swallow too much air. 8.This is a policy we have pursued ________ (consistent). 9.The hotel is ________ (ideal) designed for country walks. 10.Steve was pretty upset and angry when he found out how he ________ (trick). 【答案】1.exceptional　2.vegetarian　3.had been recommended 4.stably　5.had rolled　6.had been　7.Chewing 8.consistently　9.ideally　10.had been tricked 三、完成句子 1.我受够了点心，我想要一些真正的川菜。 Enough with the ________________， I want some real Sichuan foods. 2.其他热汤包括豆腐脑、米粥和玉米粥。 Other hot soups include jellied ________________， rice porridge and corn porridge. 3.他的演讲充满了引用语。(pepper) His speech ________________ quotations. 4.他们的策略是以最小的代价实现其目标。(minimum) Their strategy is designed to achieve its goals ________________ cost. 5.据称，所有飞往武汉的航班都被取消，直至抗击新冠肺炎取得全国性胜利。(cancel) It was announced that all flights to Wuhan ________________ until the countrywide victory over the COVID19. 6.他们坚决要求他出席这次典礼。(insist) They insisted that __________________________. 7.有证据表明，高血压在某种程度上是一种家族疾病。(同位语从句) ________________ high blood pressure is, in part, a familial disease. 8.据说这个发电站现在是过去的两倍大。(倍数表达法) It's said that the power plant ________________ what it was. 9.她建议不要在周六开班会。(recommend) She recommended that ________________ on Saturday. 10.由你来告诉我们什么时候将完成这个困难的任务。(up to) ________________ when we will complete the difficult assignment. 【答案】1.dim sum　2.bean curd　3.was peppered with　4.at a minimum　5.had been cancelled　 6.he (should) attend the ceremony　7.There is evidence that　8.is now twice as large as　 9.the class meeting (should) not be held　10.It's up to you to tell us ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$