专题09 阅读理解·简答 - 【中职专用】湖南省近八年（2017-2024）对口高考英语真题分类汇编

【中职专用】湖南省近八年（2017-2024）对口高考英语真题分类汇编 09阅读理解·简答 （2024年·湖南对口真题） 第三节 简答（本节共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 David Attenborough is a well-known English broadcaster and natural historian. He has made over 40 documentaries over the past years. At the age of 94, he made one of his best documentaries—A Life on Our Planet. It describes everything he has seen and experienced in his life. Looking back, Attenborough says what strikes (震撼) him most is that wild animals are becoming harder to find. The documentary shows how the world ecosystem is being destroyed (破坏) by humans, whether it's the hunting of gorillas and whales or mass destruction of rainforests. All of these can lead to another mass extinction (大灭绝). As Attenborough says, "In the natural world, no one can stand alone." At the end of his film, Attenborough falls silent in front of the camera. Attenborough is very nervous because he is thinking about the possible mass extinction. As I watched it, I felt like I was carrying the weight of the story on my shoulders. But the documentary doesn't end there. Attenborough continues to give people hope. He says there are a lot of things we can do to help our planet. This is a documentary for everyone on the earth because we are all part of it. Now we need to take action to make our planet "wild" again! 81. Who is David Attenborough? 82. How old was David Attenborough when he made A Life on Our Planet? 83. What strikes David Attenborough most when he looks back? 84. Why is David Attenborough nervous at the end of the film? 85. What does the documentary call on us to do now? （2023年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Working Out through Online Videos Physical exercise is good for our mind, body and spirit, Today, working out through online videos is becoming very popular. Since the Internet is widely used, it’s very easy for us to do so. That means we can work out anytime anywhere. One of my friends, Michael, told me that workout videos let him feel so comfortable. “ I have a fear of working out at the gym, because I don't like being watched by others. Working out at home makes working out much more enjoyable.” he said. With their examples, I decided to give it a try. When I told my plan to my elder sister, a P.E. teacher, she reminded me that workout videos could be helpful but might still carry some problems. “Without being with someone in person, you will be less willing to work out to your best. Working out at the gym allows you to have advice in real time and get pushed harder.” my sister said to me. “Well, if you really want to have a try, first, choose proper programs or videos. That’s very important. And then ask your friends for advice. Their experiences can give you a good sight into what you can expect. Anyway, don't be addicted to it. You should try different ways to work out to be healthy.” At her suggestions, I finally followed an online workout program with personalized help that is held for three months. After the first period of training, I felt it very practical and helpful when I put in the right amount of work along with a strong will. Compared with going to the gym, using online videos to work out is a much cheaper and time-saving choice. But it can be difficult sometimes when I'm too lazy or too busy. 81. What way to work out is becoming very popular today? 82. Why does Michael fear to work out at the gym? 83. What does the writer’s sister think are the advantage of working out at the gym? 84. How did the writer feel about his first period of training? 85. When can it be difficult for the writer to work out through online videos? ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （2022年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Many of us read news every day. It’s probably because we’d like to know what’s happening in the world. Today we can get news from TV or the Internet, but how did ancient people get news? At the very beginning, information spread by word of mouth. People living in tribes (部落) got news from neighbors or travelers. Ancient Romans changed the way people knew about their communities. They posted a list of daily happenings at public squares in the cities. Ancient Chinese people did it in another way. The government had news sheets sent to officials in the whole country So people could know what was going on in the capital. The fifteenth century saw big progress in printing technology in the West. The progress brought a sudden rise of news business. Printers sold whatever people loved to read. In the sixteenth century, the first real newspapers appeared. People started to form the habit of reading newspapers. They liked to share their opinions on newspapers. The invention of telegraph (电报) machines led to another big step in history. News stories were sent to the papers in minutes instead of weeks. Now we get news in seconds from all over the world. We can become some kind of reporters by posting online what happens around us. 81. From whom did people living in tribes get news? 82. Where did ancient Romans post a list of daily happenings? 83. What brought a sudden rise of news business in the 15th century? 84. When did the first real newspapers appear? 85. How can we become some kind of reporters now? ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （2021年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Do you get sick of the hateful language online? Do you feel like no one recognizes your skills and abilities? Some positive words may brighten your day. Chat groups known as“kauakuaqun", meaning praising groups", have become popular on Chinese social media. In groups on WeChat and QQ, people receive a lot of praise and encouragement For example, when one user complained about not being able to focus on a book, they were told, "This means your knowledge level is higher than the book." There are also similar groups on foreign websites like Toast Me on Reddit "Some of us may just need a smile today, some of us just need words of encouragement on a stage in our lives." A user wrote in a post titled, For Those of us That Are in the Darkness of Places. “All are welcome into this place of kindness" Despite the difficult cultural backgrounds, these online communities share the same spirit of kindness and friendship. But sometimes the praises can be hollow (空洞的)，and even silly. A reporter from Russia Today wrote about a post in which someone admitted that they woke up at 2 p.m. one day. A user replied,"You surely care about your health very much as you sleep for so long. Praise you!" That response is funny, but it also highlights a possible problem with kuakuaqun. These Internet strangers may just strengthen bad habits instead of helping people overcome them. 81. Where has kuakuaqun been popular? 82. What similar praising group on foreign websites is mentioned? 83. What spirit do the online communities have in common? 84. Who wrote about a post where someone admitted waking up at 2 p.m. one day? 85. What is the possible problem with kuakuaqun? ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （2020年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容,回答短文后面的问题,并将答案填写在答题卡上,各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Sometimes we throw apple remains into forests, hoping small animals around may find them.But what if they are never noticed? People believe they would rot (腐烂) one day So it doesn’t matter Is that true? Sure they will. But it won't happen overnight. Marjorie Woodruff, working in the Grand Canyon, set up a small experiment. She put a banana peel (皮), orange peels in a box, wide enough to allow small animals to go in and out After six months, the orange peels had dried out, the banana had turned black. Nothing had been eaten or had rotted. She buried the same things in sand and soil and six months later everything could still be seen.In fact, it takes two months for apple remains to rot,and an orange peel can take up to one year. “Do we eat orange peels?We do not. So why would a squirrel (松鼠) eat?” Woodruff writes in High Country News. “The animals do just fine on nuts and berries. They do not need us.” There’s another point to think about. When animals start to get food from people, they may stop looking for their own food in nature. This is dangerous because it may weaken their hunting ability. Besides, they need different food. Food waste also attracts animals to areas where there are a lot of people, says the Leave No race organization. This may put their lives in danger as they may get used to looking for food alongside busy roads. Many of them are too small to be noticed by drivers. When you’re throwing fruit remains,. you may be fined (罚款). Fines are different. Some states might only fine people＄100, but a few states fine people more than ＄6,000 for the first time. 81.Where does Marjorie Woodruff work? 82. How long does it take for apple remains to rot? 83.What animal is mentioned in the passage? 84. Why is it dangerous when animals stop looking for their own food in nature? 85.What punishment could it be if a person throws fruit remains alongside busy roads? （2019年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容,回答短文后面的问题,并将答案填写在答题卡上,各题回答词数不 超过10个单词。 “Color, color, color!” are the words of artist Eric Carle. Eric is like the king in the world of children’s books. He has written over 70 children’s books. His most famous book, The Very Hungry Caterpillar, is common on children’s bookshelves all over the world. What most people don’t know is that Eric also makes art for adults, which is called “ArtArt”. People didn’t know about it, because he didn’t show it to the public until he was 84 years old! Like Eric’s children’s books, his “ArtArt” is full of bright and clear color. He says that he loves color so much because he missed it during the war in Germany. Eric was born in New York in 1929, but moved to Germany with his family when he was 6. When he was 10, World War II began. He noticed that all the houses and buildings in his town were painted grey, brown or dark green. It was a sad time, and it seemed like there was no color anywhere. At the end of the war, “when color came back”, Eric explains, “I just loved it so much. I keep saying that I wish our eyes could see more colors. Color is a very important part of my work." That’s true. Eric paints bright colors on paper, cuts out shapes, and then glues them onto another piece of paper. This method is called collage. In fact, it is what led Eric to his “ArtArt”. Eric’s “ArtArt” includes large collages as well as paintings, photographs and even costumes. In all these works, he uses all kinds of colors — everything from purple to light green to orange. Now that’s a lot of color! 81. What is Eric mainly famous for? 82. How old was Eric when he showed his “ArtArt” to the public? 83. Why does Eric love color so much? 84. What color were the houses in Eric’s town painted during World War II? 85. What led Eric to his “ArtArt”? （2018年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容,回答短文后面的问题,并将答案填写在答题卡上,各题回答词数不 超过10个单词。 At just 17 years old, Pakistan’s Malala's father is the youngest ever winner of Nobel Peace Prize. Malala came to international attention when she spoke up for the rights of all children to have an . Malala's father was a teacher who ran a school. For her early life, her family lived in the school so she was used to sitting in the classrooms before her school age. Now, she can speak tree languages and loves learning. She grew up in Pakistan. The living conditions in her area were very poor and unsafe. Many people were hurt and many schools were closed. Girls especially were not allowed to go to school. Reporters from Britain told the world what was happening with the help of Malala. In 2009.12-year-old Malala wrote 35 diaries on the Internet. She wrote about the difficulties of her life, and about her strong hope for education. Soon after that, Malala's family was chosen to be in a TV program on ordinary children's education because both father and daughter spoke good English, and they cared about children's education Malala has now written a book about her life called I am Malala. The book shows that one person's voice can inspire change in the world. In her speech, she spoke warmly about her aims for education and peace. One sentence she said one day became famous: One child, one teacher, one pen and one book can greatly change the world. 81. How old was Malala when she won the Nobel Peace Prize? 82. What did Malala's father do? 83. What were the living conditions like in Malala's area? 84. Why were Malala and her father chosen to be in a TV program? 85. What does Malala's book show to us? （2017年·湖南对口真题） Chris, who comes from France, usually works in an office for a large organization. He is not a traditional explorer（探险者）. Yet his job can sometimes be just as exciting and dangerous as being an explorer. Chris works for MSF, an organization also known as Doctors Without Borders (无国界医生). MSF sends trained doctors all over the world to help people after a war or a disaster. Chris is a doctor from France who has travelled to many places to organize programmes that help people. At the moment, there are over 27,000 trained medical staff taking part in MSF projects and tasks. The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999. All kinds of doctors can volunteer for MSF. They need to be prepared to go almost anywhere in the world and, of course, they should expect difficult conditions. Doctors with experience in tropical（热带的）diseases are especially useful because most of MSF’s work is in Africa. When MSF accepts a doctor for a task, he h as to go for at least six months. When doctors have completed a few tasks, they might be sent on an emergency task following a disaster, such as an earthquake. But why would a doc tor leave a comfortable life and a good salary to join MSF? According to Chris, the experience you gain is a great help in your career. Besides, just like the explorers of the past, you need to keep an open mind and learn to mix well with the people you meet. Most importantly, at the end of each task, you have made a real difference to people’s lives. 81. Which country is Chris from? 82. When does MSF send trained doctors all over the world to help people? 83. What prize did MSF receive in 1999? 84. What kind of doctors are very useful in Africa? 85. According to Chris, why is his work important to other people? $$【中职专用】湖南省近八年（2017-2024）对口高考英语真题分类汇编 09阅读理解·简答 （2024年·湖南对口真题） 第三节 简答（本节共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 David Attenborough is a well-known English broadcaster and natural historian. He has made over 40 documentaries over the past years. At the age of 94, he made one of his best documentaries—A Life on Our Planet. It describes everything he has seen and experienced in his life. Looking back, Attenborough says what strikes (震撼) him most is that wild animals are becoming harder to find. The documentary shows how the world ecosystem is being destroyed (破坏) by humans, whether it's the hunting of gorillas and whales or mass destruction of rainforests. All of these can lead to another mass extinction (大灭绝). As Attenborough says, "In the natural world, no one can stand alone." At the end of his film, Attenborough falls silent in front of the camera. Attenborough is very nervous because he is thinking about the possible mass extinction. As I watched it, I felt like I was carrying the weight of the story on my shoulders. But the documentary doesn't end there. Attenborough continues to give people hope. He says there are a lot of things we can do to help our planet. This is a documentary for everyone on the earth because we are all part of it. Now we need to take action to make our planet "wild" again! 81. Who is David Attenborough? 82. How old was David Attenborough when he made A Life on Our Planet? 83. What strikes David Attenborough most when he looks back? 84. Why is David Attenborough nervous at the end of the film? 85. What does the documentary call on us to do now? 81.答案：A well-known English broadcaster and natural historian. 解析：该题询问David Attenborough的身份。从短文的第一句话“David Attenborough is a well-known English broadcaster and natural historian.”可以直接得出答案。 82.答案：94 years old. 解析：该题询问David Attenborough在制作《我们星球上的生命》这部纪录片时的年龄。根据短文第二段的第一句话“At the age of 94, he made one of his best documentaries—A Life on Our Planet.”可以明确得知他在94岁时制作了这部纪录片。 83.答案：Wild animals are becoming harder to find. 解析：该题询问David Attenborough在回顾过去时最震撼的是什么。短文第二段第二句话明确提到“Looking back, Attenborough says what strikes (震撼) him most is that wild animals are becoming harder to find.”，因此可以得出答案。 84.答案：Because he is thinking about the possible mass extinction. 解析：该题询问David Attenborough在电影结束时为什么感到紧张。短文第三段第二句话直接给出了答案：“Attenborough is very nervous because he is thinking about the possible mass extinction.”。 85.答案：Take action to make our planet "wild" again. 解析：该题询问纪录片呼吁我们现在做什么。短文最后一段明确提到：“Now we need to take action to make our planet 'wild' again!”，因此可以得出答案。 （2023年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Working Out through Online Videos Physical exercise is good for our mind, body and spirit, Today, working out through online videos is becoming very popular. Since the Internet is widely used, it’s very easy for us to do so. That means we can work out anytime anywhere. One of my friends, Michael, told me that workout videos let him feel so comfortable. “ I have a fear of working out at the gym, because I don't like being watched by others. Working out at home makes working out much more enjoyable.” he said. With their examples, I decided to give it a try. When I told my plan to my elder sister, a P.E. teacher, she reminded me that workout videos could be helpful but might still carry some problems. “Without being with someone in person, you will be less willing to work out to your best. Working out at the gym allows you to have advice in real time and get pushed harder.” my sister said to me. “Well, if you really want to have a try, first, choose proper programs or videos. That’s very important. And then ask your friends for advice. Their experiences can give you a good sight into what you can expect. Anyway, don't be addicted to it. You should try different ways to work out to be healthy.” At her suggestions, I finally followed an online workout program with personalized help that is held for three months. After the first period of training, I felt it very practical and helpful when I put in the right amount of work along with a strong will. Compared with going to the gym, using online videos to work out is a much cheaper and time-saving choice. But it can be difficult sometimes when I'm too lazy or too busy. 81. What way to work out is becoming very popular today? 82. Why does Michael fear to work out at the gym? 83. What does the writer’s sister think are the advantage of working out at the gym? 84. How did the writer feel about his first period of training? 85.When can it be difficult for the writer to work out through online videos? 81 .【答案】Working out through online videos. 【解析】根据第一段第二句 “Today,working out through online videos is becoming very popular.” 可知本题答案 82.【答案】Because he doesn't like being watched by others. 【解析】根据第二段第二句“because I don't like being watched by others.”可知本题答案。 83.【答案】To have advice in real time and get pushed harder. 【解析】根据第四段的第二句“Working out at the gym allows you to have advice in real time and get pushed harder.” 可知本题答案。 84 .【答案】Very practical and helpful. 【解析】根据第五段第二句“After the first period of training,I felt it very practical and helpful when I put in the right amount of work along with a strong will.” 可知本题答案。 85. 【答案】When he is too lazy or too busy. 【解析】根据文章的最后一句 “But it can be difficult sometimes when I'm too lazy or too busy.” 可知本题答案。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （2022年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Many of us read news every day. It’s probably because we’d like to know what’s happening in the world. Today we can get news from TV or the Internet, but how did ancient people get news? At the very beginning, information spread by word of mouth. People living in tribes (部落) got news from neighbors or travelers. Ancient Romans changed the way people knew about their communities. They posted a list of daily happenings at public squares in the cities. Ancient Chinese people did it in another way. The government had news sheets sent to officials in the whole country So people could know what was going on in the capital. The fifteenth century saw big progress in printing technology in the West. The progress brought a sudden rise of news business. Printers sold whatever people loved to read. In the sixteenth century, the first real newspapers appeared. People started to form the habit of reading newspapers. They liked to share their opinions on newspapers. The invention of telegraph (电报) machines led to another big step in history. News stories were sent to the papers in minutes instead of weeks. Now we get news in seconds from all over the world. We can become some kind of reporters by posting online what happens around us. 81. From whom did people living in tribes get news? 82. Where did ancient Romans post a list of daily happenings? 83. What brought a sudden rise of news business in the 15th century? 84. When did the first real newspapers appear? 85. How can we become some kind of reporters now? 81 . 【答案】From neighbours or travelers. 【解析】根据第二段第二句可知本题答案。 82 . 【答案】At public squares in the cities. 【解析】根据第二段第四句可知本题答案。 83 . 【答案】The progress in printing technology in the West. 【解析】根据第三段的第一、二句可知本题答案。 84 . 【答案】In the 16th century. 【解析】根据第三段第四句可知本题答案。 85 . 【答案】By posting online what happens around us. 【解析】根据文章的最后一句可知本题答案。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （2021年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Do you get sick of the hateful language online？Do you feel like no one recognizes your skills and abilities？Some positive words may brighten your day． 【译文】　你厌倦了网络上那些仇恨的语言吗？你是否觉得没有人认可你的技能和能力？一些积极的话语可能会点亮你的一天。 Chat groups known as “kuakuaqun”， meaning “praising groups”， have become popular on Chinese social media．In groups on WeChat and QQ, people receive a lot of praise and encouragement． 【译文】　被称为“夸夸群”(意思是“赞扬群”)的聊天群在中国社交媒体上很受欢迎。在微信和QQ上的群组中，人们可以收到很多赞扬和鼓励。 For example, when one user complained about not being able to focus on a book, they were told，“This means your knowledge level is higher than the book．” 【译文】　例如，当一位用户抱怨无法专注于一本书时，他们会收到这样的信息：“这意味着你的知识水平高于这本书。” There are also similar groups on foreign websites, like Toast Me on Reddit．“Some of us may just need a smile today, and some of us just need words of encouragement on a stage in our lives，” a user wrote in a post titled, For Those of Us That Are in the Darkness of Places．“All are welcome into this place of kindness．” 【译文】　国外网站上也有类似的群组，比如Reddit上的“Toast Me(赞赞我)”群组。“我们中的一些人可能今天刚好需要一个微笑，还有一些人站在生活的舞台上刚好需要几句鼓励的话，”一位用户在一篇题为《致身处黑暗之地的我们》的帖子中写道，“欢迎大家来到这个善良的地方”。 Despite the different cultural backgrounds, these online communities share the same spirit of kindness and friendship． 【译文】　尽管有着不同的文化背景，但这些在线社区都有着同样的善良和友好的精神。 But sometimes the praises can be hollow(空洞的), and even silly．A reporter from Russia Today wrote about a post in which someone admitted that they woke up at 2 p.m.one day．A user replied，“You surely care about your health very much as you sleep for so long．Praise you！” 【译文】　但有时赞美可能是空洞的，甚至是愚蠢的。一名今日俄罗斯电视台的记者写过一篇报道，谈到有网友在帖子里说自己有一天睡到下午2点才醒来。而一位用户回复说：“你睡了这么久，肯定很关心自己的健康。赞美你！” That response is funny，but it also highlights a possible problem with kuakuaqun．These Internet strangers may just strengthen bad habits instead of helping people overcome them． 【译文】　这种回应很可笑，但它也突显了夸夸群可能存在的一个问题。网络上的这些陌生人可能只是强化了一些坏习惯，而不是帮助人们克服它们。 81．Where has kuakuaqun been popular? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　文章第二段中有原句。 82．What similar praising group on foreign websites is mentioned? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　文章第四段中有原句。 83．What spirit do the online communities have in common? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　文章第五段中有原句。本章中用了“share(分享)”这个词，引申为“共享同一种精神”去理解。 84．Who wrote about a post where someone admitted waking up at 2 p.m.one day? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　文章第六段中有原句。这篇帖子出自这位记者的报道。 85．What is the possible problem with kuakuaqun? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　文章第七段中有原句。 81．On Chinese social media． 82．Toast Me on Reddit． 83．Kindness and friendship． 84．A reporter from Russia Today． 85．It may just strengthen bad habits． ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 （2020年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Sometimes we throw apple remains into forests, hoping small animals around may find them．But what if they are never noticed？People believe they would rot(腐烂) one day．So it doesn't matter．Is that true? 【译文】　有时我们把苹果残渣扔到森林里，希望周围的小动物能找到它们。但是如果它们从未被注意到呢？人们相信总有一天苹果残渣会腐烂。所以这不重要。那是真的吗？ Sure they will．But it won't happen overnight． 【译文】　它们当然会腐烂。但这不会在一夜之间发生。 Marjorie Woodruff, working in the Grand Canyon, set up a small experiment．She put a banana peel(皮), orange peels in a box, wide enough to allow small animals to go in and out．After six months, the orange peels had dried out, the banana had turned black．Nothing had been eaten or had rotted． 【译文】　在大峡谷工作的马乔里·伍德拉夫做了一个小实验。她把香蕉皮、橘子皮放在一个盒子里，盒子的宽度足以让小动物们进出。六个月后，橘子皮已经干了，香蕉已经变黑了。它们没被吃掉，也没腐烂。 She buried the same things in sand and soil and six months later everything could still be seen．In fact, it takes two months for apple remains to rot, and an orange peel can take up to one year． 【译文】　她把同样的东西埋在沙子和泥土里，六个月后，东西都还可以看得见。事实上，苹果残渣需要两个月的时间才能腐烂，而橘子皮则需要一年的时间(才能腐烂)。 “Do we eat orange peels？We do not．So why would a squirrel eat？” Woodruff writes in High Country News．“The animals do just fine on nuts and berries．They do not need us．” 【译文】　“我们吃橘子皮吗？不吃。那么松鼠为什么要吃呢？”伍德拉夫在《高乡新闻》中写道，“这些动物吃坚果和浆果就足够了。它们不需要我们(的帮助)。” There's another point to think about． 【译文】　还有一点需要考虑。 When animals start to get food from people, they may stop looking for their own food in nature．This is dangerous because it may weaken their hunting ability．Besides, they need different food． 【译文】　当动物开始从人类那里获取食物时，它们可能会停止在大自然中自己寻找食物。这是危险的，因为这可能会削弱它们的狩猎能力。此外，它们也需要不同的食物。 Food waste also attracts animals to areas where there are a lot of people, says the Leave No Trace organization．This may put their lives in danger as they may get used to looking for food alongside busy roads．Many of them are too small to be noticed by drivers． 【译文】　无痕山林组织说，食物垃圾也会吸引动物来到人多的地区。这可能使它们的生命置于危险之中，因为它们可能会习惯于在繁忙路段旁寻找食物。它们中的许多个头都太小了，司机根本注意不到它们。 When you're throwing fruit remains, you may be fined．Fines are different．Some states might only fine people$100, but a few states fine people more than $6, 000 for the first time． 【译文】　如果乱扔水果残渣，你可能会被罚款。罚款是不同的。有些州可能只罚款100美元，但有几个州(Leave No Trace Organization)首次罚款就超过6 000美元。 【补充知识】　无痕山林组织起源于20世纪60年代的美国。此时户外运动开始兴起，大批的爱好者进入森林公园野营。到了70年代，户外运动对自然和人文资源的破坏和冲击开始引起美国相关部门的重视。许多管理部门开始与专业人士、民间团体合作，一起宣扬民众户外旅游的环境保护理念。“无痕山林”理念正是在这个时期慢慢涌现。在1982年，一位Custer国家森林的工作人员Tom Att与他的同事开始发展“无痕山林”户外活动。此活动随即在林业署系统下逐渐传开。1987年，由美国林业署、国家公园署及土地管理局合作发行《无痕山林土地理论》(Leave No Trace Land Ethics)倡导手册，宣扬保护自然的精神，呼吁游客尊重自然，在旅游的过程中，尽量把对环境的影响降到最低。 81．Where does Marjorie Woodruff work? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中所述“Marjorie Woodruff, working in the Grand Canyon, set up a small experiment．”可知，马乔里·伍德拉夫在大峡谷工作。 82．How long does it take for apple remains to rot? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中所述“In fact, it takes two months for apple remains to rot…”可知，苹果残渣需要两个月的时间才能腐烂。 83．What animal is mentioned in the passage? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中所述“Do we eat orange peels？We do not．So why would a squirrel eat？”可知，文中提到的动物是松鼠。 84．Why is it dangerous when animals stop looking for their own food in nature? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中所述“When animals start to get food from people, they may stop looking for their own food in nature．This is dangerous because it may weaken their hunting ability．”可知，动物停止在自然中寻找食物会削弱它们的狩猎能力。 85．What punishment could it be if a person throws fruit remains alongside busy roads? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中所述“When you're throwing fruit remains, you may be fined．”可知，如果你乱扔水果残渣，会被罚款。 81．In the Grand Canyon． 82．Two months． 83．A squirrel． 84．Because it may weaken their hunting ability． 85．Being fined． （2019年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不超过10个单词。 “Color，color，color！” are the words of artist Eric Carle． 【译文】　“色彩，色彩，色彩！”是美术家艾瑞·卡尔说的话。 Eric is like the king in the world of children's books．He has written over 70 children's books．His most famous book, The Very Hungry Caterpillar, is common on children's bookshelves all over the world．What most people don't know is that Eric also makes art for adults, which is called ArtArt．People didn't know about it, because he didn't show it to the public until he was 84 years old! 【译文】　艾瑞就像儿童图书界的国王。他写了70多本儿童书。他最著名的书《好饿的毛毛虫》在全世界儿童的书架上都很常见。大多数人不知道的是，艾瑞也为成年人创作艺术品，称之为《艺术艺术》。人们不知道这件事，因为他直到84岁才向公众展示！ Like Eric's children's books, his ArtArt is full of bright and clear color．He says that he loves color so much because he missed it during the war in Germany．Eric was born in New York in 1929, but moved to Germany with his family when he was 6．When he was 10, World War Ⅱ began．He noticed that all the houses and buildings in his town were painted grey, brown or dark green．It was a sad time, and it seemed like there was no color anywhere． 【译文】　像艾瑞的儿童读物一样，艾瑞的《艺术艺术》也充满了鲜明而清晰的色彩。他说自己如此热爱色彩是因为他在德国战争中太想念颜色了。艾瑞1929年出生在纽约，但6岁就随家人移居德国。当他10岁的时候，第二次世界大战爆发了。他注意到镇上所有的房子和建筑物都被漆成了灰色、棕色或深绿色。那是一段悲伤的时光，似乎一切都失去了色彩。 At the end of the war, “When color came back, ” Eric explains, “I just loved it so much．I keep saying that I wish our eyes could see more colors．Color is a very important part of my work．” 【译文】　在战争结束时，艾瑞解释说：“当色彩又重归生活，我实在太爱它了。我一直说希望我们的眼睛能看到更多颜色。色彩是我的作品中非常重要的一部分。” That's true．Eric paints bright colors on paper, cuts out shapes, and then glues them onto another piece of paper．This method is called collage(拼贴艺术)．In fact, it is what led Eric to his ArtArt． 【译文】　确实如此。艾瑞在纸上画上明亮的颜色，剪出形状，然后把它们粘贴在另一张纸上。这种方式叫作拼贴艺术。事实上，艾瑞正是这样创作出了他的《艺术艺术》。 Eric's ArtArt includes large collages as well as paintings, photographs and even costumes．In all these works, he uses all kinds of colors—everything from purple to light green to orange．Now that's a lot of color! 【译文】　艾瑞的《艺术艺术》包括大型拼贴画以及绘画、照片甚至服装作品。所有这些作品，他都使用了各种各样的颜色——从紫色到浅绿色再到橙色。现在，色彩是如此缤纷！ 81．What is Eric mainly famous for? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中“Eric is like the king in the world of children's books．He has written over 70 children's books．”可知，艾瑞主要以写作儿童图书著名。 82．How old was Eric when he showed his ArtArt to the public? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中“…which is called ArtArt．People didn't know about it, because he didn't show it to the public until he was 84 years old！”可知，当时他84岁。此处的“it”代指他的《艺术艺术》。 83．Why does Eric love color so much? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据“He says that he loves color so much because he missed it during the war in Germany．”可知他非常喜欢色彩的原因。 84．What color were the houses in Eric's town painted during World War Ⅱ？ ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中“When he was 10, World War Ⅱ began．He noticed that all the houses and buildings in his town were painted grey, brown or dark green．”可知，在第二次世界大战期间，房子都被漆成灰色、棕色或深绿色。 85．What led Eric to his ArtArt? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中“This method is called collage(拼贴艺术)．In fact, it is what led Eric to his ArtArt．”可知，拼贴这种方法让艾瑞走向了他的《艺术艺术》创作之路。 81．Children's books． 82．84 years old． 83．Because he missed it during the war in Germany． 84．Grey，brown or dark green． 85．Collage． （2018年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不超过10个单词。 At just 17 years old, Pakistan's Malala is the youngest ever winner of Nobel Peace Prize． 【译文】　在她还只有17岁的时候，巴基斯坦的马拉拉获得了诺贝尔和平奖，成为有史以来最年轻的得主。 Malala came to international attention when she spoke up for the rights of all children to have an education．Malala's father was a teacher who ran a school．For her early life, her family lived in the school so she was used to sitting in the classrooms before her school age．Now, she can speak three languages and loves learning． 【译文】　马拉拉关于所有儿童受教育权的发言引起了国际社会的关注。马拉拉的父亲曾经是一名教师，经营着一所学校。在她的早期生活中，她和家人都住在学校里，所以她在学龄前就习惯了坐在教室里。现在，她会说三种语言并且热爱学习。 She grew up in Pakistan．The living conditions in her area were very poor and unsafe．Many people were hurt and many schools were closed．Girls especially were not allowed to go to school． 【译文】　她在巴基斯坦长大。她所在地区的生活条件很差，也很不安全。许多人受伤，许多学校被关闭。尤其是女孩子，都不允许去上学。 Reporters from Britain told the world what was happening with the help of Malala．In 2009，12­year­old Malala wrote 35 diaries on the Internet．She wrote about the difficulties of her life, and about her strong hope for education．Soon after that, Malala's family was chosen to be in a TV program on ordinary children's education because both father and daughter spoke good English, and they cared about children's education． 【译文】　来自英国的记者在马拉拉的帮助下告诉全世界发生了什么。2009年，12岁的马拉拉在网上写了35篇日记。她写下了生活中的种种困难，以及她对教育的强烈渴望。不久之后，马拉拉一家被选中，上了一个关于普通儿童教育的电视节目，因为父女俩的英语都说得很好，并且都很关心孩子的教育。 Malala has now written a book about her life called I am Malala．The book shows that one person's voice can inspire change in the world．In her speech, she spoke warmly about her aims for education and peace．One sentence she said one day became famous：One child, one teacher, one pen and one book can greatly change the world． 【译文】　马拉拉现在写了一本关于自己生活的书，名为《我是马拉拉》。这本书表明，一个人发声也可以激发世界的变化。她在讲话中热情地谈到了她对教育与和平的目标。她的一句发言有一天出名了：一个孩子，一个老师，一支笔和一本书就可以极大地改变世界。 81．How old was Malala when she won the Nobel Peace Prize? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中第一句话“At just 17 years old, Pakistan's Malala is the youngest ever winner of Nobel Peace Prize．(在她还只有17岁的时候，巴基斯坦的马拉拉成为诺贝尔和平奖有史以来最年轻的得主。)”可知，她当时17岁。 82．What did Malala's father do? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。由文章第二段中的“Malala's father was a teacher who ran a school．(马拉拉的父亲曾经是一名教师，经营着一所学校)”可知答案。 83．What were the living conditions like in Malala's area? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。由文章第三段中的“The living conditions in her area were very poor and unsafe．(她所在地区的生活条件很差，很不安全)”可知答案。 84．Why were Malala and her father chosen to be in a TV program? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。由文章第四段中的“Malala's family was chosen to be in a TV program on ordinary children's education because both father and daughter spoke good English, and they cared about children's education．(马拉拉一家被选中，上了一个关于普通儿童教育的电视节目，因为父女俩的英语都说得很好，并且都很关心孩子的教育)”可知答案。 85．What does Malala's book show to us? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。由文章最后一段中的“The book shows that one person's voice can inspire change in the world．(这本书表明，一个人发声也可以激发世界的变化)”可知答案。 81．She was 17 years old． 82．He was a teacher who ran a school． 83．They were very poor and unsafe． 84．Because they spoke good English and cared about children's education． 85．One person's voice can inspire change in the world． （2017年·湖南对口真题） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上，各题回答词数不超过10个单词。 Chris, who comes from France, usually works in an office for a large organization．He is not a traditional explorer(探险家)．Yet his job can sometimes be just as exciting and dangerous as being an explorer． 【译文】　克里斯来自法国，平常在一个大型组织的办公室工作。他不是一个传统的探险家。然而，他的工作有时和探险家一样令人兴奋和危险。 Chris works for MSF，an organization also known as Doctors Without Borders(无国界医生)．MSF sends trained doctors all over the world to help people after a war or a disaster． 【译文】　克里斯为MSF组织工作，该组织也被称为“无国界医生组织”。无国界医生组织会派遣训练有素的医生到世界各地帮助经历战争或灾难后的人们。 Chris is a doctor from France who has traveled to many places to organize programs that help people．At the moment, there are over 27，000 trained medical staff(医务人员) taking part in MSF projects and tasks．The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999．All kinds of doctors can volunteer for MSF． 【译文】　克里斯是一位来自法国的医生，他到过许多地方开展项目，帮助人们。目前，有27 000多名训练有素的医务人员参加了无国界医生组织的项目和任务。该组织于1999年获得诺贝尔和平奖。各种各样的医生都可以自愿参加无国界医生组织。 They need to be prepared to go almost anywhere in the world and, of course, they should expect difficult conditions．Doctors with experience in tropical(热带的) diseases are especially useful because most of MSF's work is in Africa．When MSF accepts a doctor for a task, he has to go for at least six months． 【译文】　他们需要随时待命去世界上几乎任何地方，当然，他们应该能预料到(当地)艰苦的条件。有治疗热带地区疾病经验的医生特别有价值，因为无国界医生组织的大部分工作都在非洲。当无国界医生组织吸收一位医生去执行任务时，他至少要去6个月。 When doctors have completed a few tasks, they might be sent on an emergency task following a disaster, such as an earthquake． 【译文】　当医生完成一些任务后，他们可能会被派去执行灾后(比如地震)的紧急任务。 But why would a doctor leave a comfortable life and a good salary to join MSF？According to Chris, the experience you gain is a great help in your career．Besides, just like the explorers of the past, you need to keep an open mind and learn to mix well with the people you meet．Most importantly, at the end of each task, you have made a real difference to people's lives． 【译文】　但为什么一个医生会抛下舒适的生活和高薪加入无国界医生组织呢？据克里斯说，你获得的经验对你的职业生涯有很大帮助。此外，就像过去的探险家一样，你需要保持开放的心态，学会与你遇到的人融洽相处。最重要的是，在每项任务结束时，你都为人们的生活带来了真正的改变。 81．Which country is Chris from? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。文中第一句话就说了，克里斯来自法国(France)。 82．When does MSF send trained doctors all over the world to help people? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中“MSF sends trained doctors all over the world to help people after a war or a disaster．”可知，当有战争或灾难发生后，无国界医生组织会派遣训练有素的医生到世界各地帮助当地的人们。 83．What prize did MSF receive in 1999? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中“The organization received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1999．”可知，该组织于1999年获得诺贝尔和平奖。 84．What kind of doctors are very useful in Africa? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中“Doctors with experience in tropical(热带的) diseases are especially useful because most of MSF's work is in Africa．”可知，有治疗热带疾病经验的医生特别有价值，因为无国界医生的大部分工作都在非洲(非洲属于热带地区)。 85．According to Chris, why is his work important to other people? ________________________________________________________________ 【解析】　此题为事实细节题。根据文中最后一句话“Most importantly, at the end of each task, you have made a real difference to people's lives．”可知答案。 81． France．　 82．After a war or a disaster． 83．The Nobel Peace Prize． 84．Doctors with experience in tropical diseases． 85．Because it made a real difference to people's lives． $$