精品解析：江西省景德镇市2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题

景德镇市2023--2024学年下学期期末质量检测卷 高二英语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What will the speakers do on Thursday? A. Play football. B. Watch a movie. C. Go hiking. 2. What does the man want to do? A. Place an order. B. Design a uniform. C. Form a team. 3. What is Sally's favorite city? A. Paris. B. Madrid. C. Venice. 4. Where will the speakers go? A. To a cafe. B. To a dessert shop. C. To a bookstore. 5. What relation is Mr. Gomez to the man? A. His teacher. B. His client. C. His boss. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man doing? A. Driving a car. B. Repairing a car. C. Borrowing a car. 7. How does the man sound in the end? A. Confused. B. Hesitant. C. Confident. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至 10题。 8. What are the speakers discussing? A. A job candidate. B. A new workmate. C. Travel arrangements. 9. How does Steven Johnson impress the man? A. By his working experiences. B. By his communication skills. C. By his international background. 10. When will the speakers meet Steven Johnson? A. Tomorrow. B. Next week. C. The week after next. 听下面一段对话，回答第11 至 13 题。 11. What will the man do on Monday? A. Start a new position. B. Pack his belongings. C. Attend a meeting. 12. What is the man busy doing now? A. Moving to his new office. B. Checking off office supplies. C. Preparing for a promotion campaign. 13. What does the woman offer to do? A. Review an expense report. B. Provide the man with supplies. C. Arrange a company celebration. 听下面一段对话，回答第14 至 17题。 14. Where will the event take place? A. At a coffee shop. B. At a music hall. C. At a park. 15. Why did the woman choose the location? A. It's private. B It's family friendly. C. It's requested by the charity. 16. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Organize some activities. B. Contribute some money. C. Contact some bands. 17. What is the event's purpose? A. To hear some live music. B. To help an animal shelter. C. To have some family fun. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。 18. Why did the speaker learn Arabic? A. She wanted to study in Cairo. B. She was inspired by her teacher. C. She became interested in the culture. 19. What is the biggest challenge of learning Arabic for the speaker? A. Suffering from culture shock. B. Finding a hotel and accommodation. C. Mastering written and spoken Arabic. 20. What excites the speaker most? A. Being invited to a meal. B. Shopping at a local market. C. Getting to know the locals. 第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The list below includes a few of our favorite online writing classes, perfect for writers of all levels. Catapult Starting At $15 for a day Catapult offers one of the most extensive lists of online writing workshops and classes, and many of the instructors are famous authors or literary magazine editors. Our team has taken a six-week writing course, including a one-day editing course, and a creative nonfiction class- all online. With online courses of all lengths and covering various types, it’s perfect for everyone. Master Class Starting At $15/month, billed annually (access to all courses) While you won’t get a workshop component with these courses, Master class is one of our favorite websites for learning about all things, including writing. The instructor list has big names. This is a great option if you want courses you can take at your own pace and videos you can revisit again and again. One Story Starting At $55 (three-day) One Story is a publication bringing people together through reading, writing, and learning about short fiction. In addition to its mission of publishing one short story at a time, it offers affordable online writing workshops and classes throughout the year. Write or Die Magazine Starting At $12 for a self-guided course Write or Die Magazine is offering writers resources, inspiration, and connection. The website has plenty of free things and affordable self-guided classes to help you build a sustainable writing practice and overcome common fears and doubts associated with writing. If you have a serious project in the works, the platform also includes one-on-one coaching. 1. What is the special part of Master Class? A. It offers writing courses. B. Students can learn by their own speed. C. It offers chances for students to publish works. D. Students can overcome their doubts associated with writing. 2. From which website can you get things free of charge? A. Catapult. B. Master Class. C. One Story. D. Write or Die Magazine. 3. What is the text? A. An advertisement. B. A document. C. Short fiction. D. A course report. B Bartek Ostalowski lost both his arms in a terrible accident in 2006, but that wasn’t enough to kill his dream of one day becoming a professional racecar driver. Finding himself armless at just 20 years old and faced with the difficult task of learning to drive a car on a race circuit must have been quite the shock for Bartek, but he mustered the courage and the drive to push on. In three years, he became a master of driving a racecar with his feet. Today, Bartek Ostalowski is the world’s only professional sport driver who drives using his feet. In order to deal with his physical limitations, Bartek transformed his racecar according to his needs, adding a new engine, and stronger transmission (变速器). The ambitious Polish driver uses his right foot to control the pedals, while moving on with his left one. The racecar is controlled with the shoulder. “After my accident, I was looking for a solution. I asked myself if I wanted to race again what would I need to do?” Bartek told the reporter of Business Insider. “I heard about someone in Poland who, like me, had no arms, but he drove a car on a daily basis with no problem. After meeting him, my dream and passion for motorsports were alive and strong, and I made the decision to return to racing one day.” In 2019, Ostalowski finished in ninth place out of 50 drivers in the Polish Drift Championship, one of the most competitive championship series in all of Europe, and the year before that, he won the international Czech Drift Series, beating dozens of other professional sports drivers. “Of course I encourage other people with disabilities to get involved in motorsports. It’s a beautiful passion and I think a great form of recovery too. So make your dreams come true,” the Polish driver said. 4 What is special about Bartek Ostalowski? A. He lost his arms. B. He is a racecar driver. C. He drives the racecar with feet. D. He becomes a master of driving a racecar. 5. Who encouraged Bartek Ostalowski most according to the text? A. A driving master. B. A disabled driver. C. A great champion. D. A newspaper reporter. 6. How does the author think of Bartek Ostalowski according to paragraph 4? A. Admiring. B. Frightening. C. Interesting. D. Embarrassing. 7 What is the best title for the text? A. A story about a dream coming true B. A great celebrity rising from a terrible accident C. The man with courage and drive on a race circuit D. The only armless professional sports driver in the world C When Tanvi Sinha first got into accounting 17 years ago, she worked from the office every day, even Saturdays in the busy season. She enjoyed lunches out with colleagues and opportunities to learn just by listening and watching others. She grew professionally rapidly. However, a new report from Gallup finds that large numbers of workers, especially Gen Zers, are not engaged with their jobs in the USA. The Gallup survey of roughly 67,000 people in 2022 found only 32% of workers are engaged with their work compared with 36% in 2020. The share of workers found to be“ disengaged” has risen since 2020, while the share of those in the middle, those considered "not engaged", has remained about the same. Engagement had been rising in the decade before 2020, but started to fall in 2021. Younger workers have seen a bigger drop in engagement than older ones. Those under 35 reported feeling less heard and less cared about at work. Fewer Gen Zers and young people reported having someone at work who encourages their development and fewer opportunities to learn and grow. Having disengaged workers can be highly damaging the companies. Employees, who are not getting most of their workplace needs satisfied, often share their negativity with other people. That could bring down company morale (士气). And, the whole company will stay in a strange situation: Half-dead. And the number of workers who said their company cares about their overall wellbeing has fallen dramatically, from about 50% early in the pandemic, when many companies provided all kinds of accommodations for employees, to nothing today, which, however, worsens the engagement. 8. Why is Tanvi Sinha mentioned in the beginning of the text? A To lead to the topic. B. To cause an argument. C. To set an example for the readers. D. To attract the attention of readers. 9. What caused the bigger drop in engagement according to the young? A. Getting sick. B. Earning less. C. Being ignored. D. Lacking friendship. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the present situation? A. Worried B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Supportive. 11. What is the main idea of the text? A. The young men need new jobs now. B. The employers need more attention. C. More engagement has been stressed in companies. D. Employee engagement has fallen since 2020 in the USA. D Plastic-Eating Worms Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms. Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’ stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017. Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic. ＂Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. ＂ Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)? Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂ 12. What can we learn about the worms in the study? A. They take plastics as their everyday food. B. They are newly evolved creatures. C. They can consume plastics. D. They wind up in landfills. 13. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to . A. identify other means of the breakdown B. find out the source of the enzyme C. confirm the research findings D. increase the breakdown speed 14. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might . A. help to raise worms B. help make plastic bags C. be used to clean the oceans D. be produced in factories in future 15. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain a study method on worms. B. To introduce the diet of a special worm. C. To present a way to break down plastics. D. To propose new means to keep eco-balance. 第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Though there is nothing essentially wrong with any kind of emotion, some of them can lead to major amounts of distress (痛苦) when left unchecked. ____16____ Here are some of them: Take precautions against your emotional triggers. Your triggers are the activities, people, places, things, or events that consistently bring out particular emotions in you. ____17____ Do nothing if someone is trying to frustrate you. If you can tell that someone is bothering you just to egg you on, take a deep breath and stay calm. _____18_____ When you maintain your cool, the person egging you on will become frustrated and eventually stop. ____19____ If you feel yourself reacting to strong emotions in a way that’s typical for you, stop yourself. Take a moment and think about what would happen if you tried what is different from your usual reaction. How would the outcome change? If it would become positive or productive, try that new method instead of your old one. Remove yourself from a situation that generates negative feelings. ____20____ If a situation can be reworked relatively easily and without hurting others, do what you can to remove yourself from it and your negative feelings. A. Sometimes the best reaction is walking away. B. Speak calmly and refuse to let him get to you. C. If necessary, you can turn to your friends for help. D. Consider what you have experienced in a positive way. E. Try doing the opposite of what you would normally do. F. Once you know your triggers (诱因) , you can plan for them and mentally prepare yourself. G. Thankfully, there are numerous techniques to react to these negative feelings in a healthy way. 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共 15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I tightly held the seat under me as the jeep raced forward, bouncing me into the air. I. a bookish Manhattanite, ____21____ solo north of the Arctic Circle to the Swedish Lapland. I didn’t want to ____22____ my fortieth birthday as a day I was chained with my office work. Feeling an urgency to live life to the ____23____, I answered the call of the wild. I booked a Husky sledding tour and ____24____ myself that I would be safe on the journey. Yet, I still doubted my ability to steer the ____25____ dogs. What if the sled stopped halfway and the ____26____ began to crack under us? After struggling into multiple layers of clothing. I boarded and looked like a fat monster. With the pack of Huskies ____27____ in the noise of bars and howls, I hit the open rough road. While speeding down, I could even hear the snow crunching under us. With ____28____ eyes, I tried to avoid any possible dangers. I didn’t want to put my own life ____29____. Eventually, the pack of Huskies had brought my _____30_____ into the unknown. A vast stretch of wild opened before us. Tall conifers (松柏) ______31______ a tunnel of trees. I desired to catch a glimpse of the native wildlife-the quiet moose. the arctic fox, the magical reindeer, which seemed straight from a storybook. I was searching, like the Huskies, all senses _____32_____,eager for adventure. I strained my eyes as far as they could see _____33_____ paths met milky-white sky. Perhaps the earth and the he aven were one. Perhaps life wasn’t so much about _____34_____ the reins (缰绳) but letting go and trusting the adventure. Perhaps we even need a little rough weather, the slippery snow, to experience the _____35_____ of challenging the wild. 21. A. traveled B. settled C. hiked D. dreamed 22. A. get along with B. keep up with C. make up for D. look back on 23. A. coldest B. largest C. fairest D. fullest 24. A. requested B. convinced C. forgave D. declared 25. A. freezing B. emotional C. energetic D. dangerous 26. A. car B. ice C. rock D. air 27. A. feeding B. training C. erupting D. living 28. A. patient B. sensitive C. watchful D. generous 29. A. with ease B. under control C. in return D. at risk 30. A. journey B. work C. future D. thought 31. A. grew B. covered C. lifted D. created 32. A. absent B. alert C. dull D. obvious 33 A. muddy B. tough C. snowy D. busy 34. A. tightening B. fixing C. loosening D. breaking 35. A. pain B. joy C. hope D. sorrow 第二节(共 10 小题:每小题1.5分, 满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ma Mian Qun, also known ____36____ “horse face pleats (褶) skirt”, is a kind of traditional Chinese dress. The question of why Ma Mian Qun is named has always been puzzling. In fact, “Ma Mian” is a kind of structure used for ____37____ (defend) in the city wall system. But whether its name is really related to the city wall remains ____38____ (explore). All the books about Ma Mian Qun, whether they are related to ____39____ (costume), operas or cultural relics, only show that the smooth surface without pleats in the middle is called “Ma Mian”, ____40____ there is no further explanation for the source of “Ma Mian”. The Chinese horse face pleats skirt showcases ____41____ unique structural design that pairs practicality with elegance. The skirt starts with a snug waist and fans out to wider hem, with pleats that are ____42____ (typical) around 30 centimeters deep. This allows for a full range of motion, ____43____ (reflect) the traditional need for both beauty and usefulness in Chinese clothing. In Chinese culture, horse face pleats skirt represents the tradition. The pleats signify wealth and status, while the colors used, such as red and yellow, ____44____ (tie) to luck and dignity respectively. Today, it tends to be popular among young people, _____45_____ is a great example of how traditional styles can be mixed into modern fashion. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，上周参加了全市中学生英语口语大赛。请你写一封邮件给英国笔友Peter，与他分享参赛心得，内容包括： 1.参赛过程； 2.参赛收获。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In our kitchen, there was a wooden table and three chairs — one for Dad, one for Mom, and one for me. In the cellar (地窖), the very last jar of apple jam lay quietly on the shelf, waiting to be turned into an apple pie when Dad came back. Mom sat at one end of the table. I sat in the middle between her and Dad. I tried not to look at Dad’s empty place. Dad had gone to the city to look for work for a long time. Every night, I lay awake in bed and waited for the train to stop. Waited to hear the creaky (嘎吱作响的) gate Dad’s going to fix when he came home. Waited to hear the sound of his work boots dropping on the step by the kitchen door, and his voice calling, “I’m home!” Every night, as I lay there, I stared at the window and the curtains Mom made from empty flour sacks (麻布袋). Every night, Mom came to kiss me good-night — after the train’s gone by. She had been listening, too. “Go to sleep. Your dad will be home soon. Maybe for Thanksgiving.” Time dragging by, it finally came the day before Thanksgiving. I went to sleep with the sound of train wheels in my head, whispering, “Maybe tomorrow, maybe tomorrow.” Early the next morning, the smell of coffee woke me. I ran into the kitchen. There he was! Dad lifted me onto his shoulders and pretended to stagger from my weight. “How’s my boy? You’ve gotten so big that I can barely lift you up anymore.” He put me down, and I stared at the two sacks on the table. One said FLOUR — I knew that word. I tried reading the other: S-U-G-A-R. Dad whistled admiringly and winked at me. Mom and I had been practicing my letters most days. I could see that Mom was pleased with me. “I’m going to bake a pie for your dad’s homecoming dinner. Jimmy, bring me that jar of apple jam from the shelf in the cellar.” Mom smiled at me. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右: 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 BACBC 6-10 BCAAC 11-15AABAB 16-20CBBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 景德镇市2023--2024学年下学期期末质量检测卷 高二英语 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共5小题;每小题 1.5分,满分 7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是 C。 1. What will the speakers do on Thursday? A. Play football. B. Watch a movie. C. Go hiking. 2. What does the man want to do? A. Place an order. B. Design a uniform. C. Form a team. 3. What is Sally's favorite city? A. Paris. B. Madrid. C. Venice. 4. Where will the speakers go? A. To a cafe. B. To a dessert shop. C. To a bookstore. 5. What relation is Mr. Gomez to the man? A. His teacher. B. His client. C. His boss. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题1.5分, 满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man doing? A. Driving a car. B. Repairing a car. C. Borrowing a car. 7. How does the man sound in the end? A. Confused. B. Hesitant. C. Confident. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至 10题。 8. What are the speakers discussing? A. A job candidate. B. A new workmate. C. Travel arrangements. 9. How does Steven Johnson impress the man? A. By his working experiences. B. By his communication skills. C. By his international background. 10. When will the speakers meet Steven Johnson? A. Tomorrow. B. Next week. C. The week after next. 听下面一段对话，回答第11 至 13 题。 11. What will the man do on Monday? A. Start a new position. B. Pack his belongings. C. Attend a meeting. 12. What is the man busy doing now? A. Moving to his new office. B. Checking off office supplies. C. Preparing for a promotion campaign. 13. What does the woman offer to do? A. Review an expense report. B Provide the man with supplies. C. Arrange a company celebration. 听下面一段对话，回答第14 至 17题。 14. Where will the event take place? A. At a coffee shop. B. At a music hall. C. At a park. 15. Why did the woman choose the location? A. It's private. B. It's family friendly. C. It's requested by the charity. 16. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Organize some activities. B. Contribute some money. C. Contact some bands. 17. What is the event's purpose? A. To hear some live music. B. To help an animal shelter. C. To have some family fun. 听下面一段独白，回答第18至20题。 18. Why did the speaker learn Arabic? A. She wanted to study in Cairo. B. She was inspired by her teacher. C. She became interested in the culture. 19. What is the biggest challenge of learning Arabic for the speaker? A. Suffering from culture shock. B. Finding a hotel and accommodation. C. Mastering written and spoken Arabic. 20. What excites the speaker most? A. Being invited to a meal. B. Shopping at a local market. C. Getting to know the locals. 第二部分：阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The list below includes a few of our favorite online writing classes, perfect for writers of all levels. Catapult Starting At $15 for a day Catapult offers one of the most extensive lists of online writing workshops and classes, and many of the instructors are famous authors or literary magazine editors. Our team has taken a six-week writing course, including a one-day editing course, and a creative nonfiction class- all online. With online courses of all lengths and covering various types, it’s perfect for everyone. Master Class Starting At $15/month, billed annually (access to all courses) While you won’t get a workshop component with these courses, Master class is one of our favorite websites for learning about all things, including writing. The instructor list has big names. This is a great option if you want courses you can take at your own pace and videos you can revisit again and again. One Story Starting At $55 (three-day) One Story is a publication bringing people together through reading, writing, and learning about short fiction. In addition to its mission of publishing one short story at a time, it offers affordable online writing workshops and classes throughout the year. Write or Die Magazine Starting At $12 for a self-guided course Write or Die Magazine is offering writers resources, inspiration, and connection. The website has plenty of free things and affordable self-guided classes to help you build a sustainable writing practice and overcome common fears and doubts associated with writing. If you have a serious project in the works, the platform also includes one-on-one coaching. 1. What is the special part of Master Class? A. It offers writing courses. B. Students can learn by their own speed. C. It offers chances for students to publish works. D. Students can overcome their doubts associated with writing. 2. From which website can you get things free of charge? A. Catapult. B. Master Class. C. One Story. D. Write or Die Magazine. 3. What is the text? A. An advertisement. B. A document. C. Short fiction. D. A course report. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个网络写作课程。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Master Class部分中“This is a great option if you want courses you can take at your own pace and videos you can revisit again and again.(如果你想要按照自己的节奏学习课程和视频，这是一个很好的选择，你可以一次又一次地重温)”可知，该课程的特别之处是学生可以按照自己的节奏学习，故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Write or Die Magazine部分中“The website has plenty of free things and affordable self-guided classes to help you build a sustainable writing practice and overcome common fears and doubts associated with writing.(这个网站上有很多免费的东西和负担得起的自学课程，可以帮助你建立一个可持续的写作练习，克服与写作有关的常见恐惧和疑虑。)”可知，从Write or Die Magazine网站上可以得到免费的东西，故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“The list below includes a few of our favorite online writing classes, perfect for writers of all levels.(下面列出了一些我们最喜欢的在线写作课程，适合各种水平的作家)”可知，文章介绍了四个网络写作课程，是一则广告，故选A。 B Bartek Ostalowski lost both his arms in a terrible accident in 2006, but that wasn’t enough to kill his dream of one day becoming a professional racecar driver. Finding himself armless at just 20 years old and faced with the difficult task of learning to drive a car on a race circuit must have been quite the shock for Bartek, but he mustered the courage and the drive to push on. In three years, he became a master of driving a racecar with his feet. Today, Bartek Ostalowski is the world’s only professional sport driver who drives using his feet. In order to deal with his physical limitations, Bartek transformed his racecar according to his needs, adding a new engine, and stronger transmission (变速器). The ambitious Polish driver uses his right foot to control the pedals, while moving on with his left one. The racecar is controlled with the shoulder. “After my accident, I was looking for a solution. I asked myself if I wanted to race again what would I need to do?” Bartek told the reporter of Business Insider. “I heard about someone in Poland who, like me, had no arms, but he drove a car on a daily basis with no problem. After meeting him, my dream and passion for motorsports were alive and strong, and I made the decision to return to racing one day.” In 2019, Ostalowski finished in ninth place out of 50 drivers in the Polish Drift Championship, one of the most competitive championship series in all of Europe, and the year before that, he won the international Czech Drift Series, beating dozens of other professional sports drivers. “Of course I encourage other people with disabilities to get involved in motorsports. It’s a beautiful passion and I think a great form of recovery too. So make your dreams come true,” the Polish driver said. 4. What is special about Bartek Ostalowski? A. He lost his arms. B. He is a racecar driver. C. He drives the racecar with feet. D. He becomes a master of driving a racecar. 5. Who encouraged Bartek Ostalowski most according to the text? A. A driving master. B. A disabled driver. C. A great champion. D. A newspaper reporter. 6. How does the author think of Bartek Ostalowski according to paragraph 4? A. Admiring. B. Frightening. C. Interesting. D. Embarrassing. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. A story about a dream coming true B. A great celebrity rising from a terrible accident C. The man with courage and drive on a race circuit D. The only armless professional sports driver in the world 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了双臂缺失的波兰人Bartek Ostalowski热爱赛车运动，他不向命运屈服，积极参加漂移赛事，成为世界上唯一的无臂职业赛车手。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Today, Bartek Ostalowski is the world’s only professional sport driver who drives using his feet.(今天，Bartek Ostalowski是世界上唯一一个用脚开车的职业赛车手)”可知，Bartek Ostalowski是世界上唯一一个用脚开车的职业赛车手，即用脚开赛车是他与众不同的地方，故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“I heard about someone in Poland who, like me, had no arms, but he drove a car on a daily basis with no problem. After meeting him, my dream and passion for motorsports were alive and strong, and I made the decision to return to racing one day.(我听说在波兰有一个人和我一样没有手臂，但他每天开车都没有问题。在见到他之后，我对赛车运动的梦想和热情变得更加强烈，我决定总有一天要重返赛场)”可知，这位残疾的司机给Bartek Ostalowski的鼓励最大，故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In 2019, Ostalowski finished in ninth place out of 50 drivers in the Polish Drift Championship, one of the most competitive championship series in all of Europe, and the year before that, he won the international Czech Drift Series, beating dozens of other professional sports drivers.(2019年，Ostalowski在50名车手中获得波兰漂移锦标赛第九名，这是全欧洲最具竞争力的锦标赛之一，而在那之前一年，他击败了其他数十名专业体育车手，赢得了国际捷克漂移系列赛)”可知，Bartek Ostalowski用脚开车，在比赛中获得了不错的成绩，可以推理出作者对于Bartek Ostalowski是钦佩的，故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Today, Bartek Ostalowski is the world’s only professional sport driver who drives using his feet.(今天，Bartek Ostalowski是世界上唯一一个用脚开车的职业赛车手)”可知，文章讲述的是双臂缺失的波兰人Bartek Ostalowski热爱赛车运动，他不向命运屈服，积极参加赛事，成为世界上唯一的无臂职业赛车手的故事，D选项“The only armless professional sports driver in the world(世界上唯一的无臂职业赛车手)”可作为最好的题目，故选D。 C When Tanvi Sinha first got into accounting 17 years ago, she worked from the office every day, even Saturdays in the busy season. She enjoyed lunches out with colleagues and opportunities to learn just by listening and watching others. She grew professionally rapidly. However, a new report from Gallup finds that large numbers of workers, especially Gen Zers, are not engaged with their jobs in the USA. The Gallup survey of roughly 67,000 people in 2022 found only 32% of workers are engaged with their work compared with 36% in 2020. The share of workers found to be“ disengaged” has risen since 2020, while the share of those in the middle, those considered "not engaged", has remained about the same. Engagement had been rising in the decade before 2020, but started to fall in 2021. Younger workers have seen a bigger drop in engagement than older ones. Those under 35 reported feeling less heard and less cared about at work. Fewer Gen Zers and young people reported having someone at work who encourages their development and fewer opportunities to learn and grow. Having disengaged workers can be highly damaging the companies. Employees, who are not getting most of their workplace needs satisfied, often share their negativity with other people. That could bring down company morale (士气). And, the whole company will stay in a strange situation: Half-dead. And the number of workers who said their company cares about their overall wellbeing has fallen dramatically, from about 50% early in the pandemic, when many companies provided all kinds of accommodations for employees, to nothing today, which, however, worsens the engagement. 8. Why is Tanvi Sinha mentioned in the beginning of the text? A. To lead to the topic. B. To cause an argument. C. To set an example for the readers. D. To attract the attention of readers. 9. What caused the bigger drop in engagement according to the young? A. Getting sick. B. Earning less. C. Being ignored. D. Lacking friendship. 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the present situation? A. Worried B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Supportive. 11. What is the main idea of the text? A. The young men need new jobs now. B. The employers need more attention. C. More engagement has been stressed in companies. D. Employee engagement has fallen since 2020 in the USA. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了盖洛普（Gallup）的一份新报告发现，美国有大量员工，尤其是Z世代员工，对工作缺乏投入。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When Tanvi Sinha first got into accounting 17 years ago, she worked from the office every day, even Saturdays in the busy season. She enjoyed lunches out with colleagues and opportunities to learn just by listening and watching others. She grew professionally rapidly. However, a new report from Gallup finds that large numbers of workers, especially Gen Zers, are not engaged with their jobs in the USA.(17年前，当谭维·辛哈（Tanvi Sinha）刚进入会计行业时，她每天都在办公室工作，甚至在繁忙的季节还要在周六上班。她喜欢和同事外出吃午餐，并通过听和看别人的方式来学习。她在职场上迅速成长。然而，盖洛普（Gallup）的一份新报告发现，美国有大量员工，尤其是Z世代员工，对工作缺乏投入。)”可知，第一段中提到了Tanvi Sinha的工作经历，包括她在会计领域的快速成长和与同事的交往，这些描述都是为了引出文章的主题——许多员工，特别是Z世代员工，在美国对工作缺乏投入。因此，提到Tanvi Sinha是为了引出文章的主题。故选A。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Younger workers have seen a bigger drop in engagement than older ones. Those under 35 reported feeling less heard and less cared about at work.(年轻员工在工作投入方面的下降幅度比老员工更大。35岁以下的人报告说在工作中感到被忽视和不被关心。)”可知，根据年轻人的说法，被忽视是导致参与度下降的主要原因。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。结合全文内容和根据文章最后一段“Having disengaged workers can be highly damaging the companies. Employees, who are not getting most of their workplace needs satisfied, often share their negativity with other people. That could bring down company morale (士气). And, the whole company will stay in a strange situation: Half-dead. And the number of workers who said their company cares about their overall wellbeing has fallen dramatically, from about 50% early in the pandemic, when many companies provided all kinds of accommodations for employees, to nothing today, which, however, worsens the engagement.(拥有缺乏投入的员工会对公司造成极大的损害。员工如果无法满足他们在工作场所的大部分需求，往往会把消极情绪传递给其他人。这可能会降低公司的士气。而且，整个公司将处于一种奇怪的状态：半死不活。并且，表示公司关心他们整体福祉的员工数量大幅下降，从疫情初期的大约50%下降到现在的几乎为零，这种情况进一步恶化了员工的投入度。当时，许多公司为员工提供了各种便利。)”可知，作者对目前的现状持担心的态度。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“However, a new report from Gallup finds that large numbers of workers, especially Gen Zers, are not engaged with their jobs in the USA.(然而，盖洛普（Gallup）的一份新报告发现，美国有大量员工，尤其是Z世代员工，对工作缺乏投入。)”可知，文章主要讲述了自2020年以来，美国的员工投入度有所下降。故选D。 D Plastic-Eating Worms Humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic every year. Almost half of that winds up in landfills(垃圾填埋场), and up to 12 million tons pollute the oceans. So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms. Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene, which accounts for 40% of plastics. The team left 100 wax worms on a commercial polyethylene shopping bag for 12 hours, and the worms consumed and broke down about 92 milligrams, or almost 3% of it. To confirm that the worms’ chewing alone was not responsible for the polyethylene breakdown, the researchers made some worms into paste(糊状物) and applied it to plastic films. 14 hours later the films had lost 13% of their mass — apparently broken down by enzymes (酶) from the worms’ stomachs. Their findings were published in Current Biology in 2017. Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic. ＂Wax is a complex mixture, but the basic bond in polyethylene, the carbon-carbon bond, is there as well, ＂she explains, ＂The wax worm evolved a method or system to break this bond. ＂ Jennifer DeBruyn, a microbiologist at the University of Tennessee, who was not involved in the study, says it is not surprising that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with previous studies, she finds the speed of breaking down in this one exciting. The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)? Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team’s findings might one day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills. But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂ 12. What can we learn about the worms in the study? A. They take plastics as their everyday food. B. They are newly evolved creatures. C. They can consume plastics. D. They wind up in landfills. 13. According to Jennifer DeBruyn, the next step of the study is to . A. identify other means of the breakdown B. find out the source of the enzyme C. confirm the research findings D. increase the breakdown speed 14. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical might . A. help to raise worms B. help make plastic bags C. be used to clean the oceans D. be produced in factories in future 15. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain a study method on worms. B. To introduce the diet of a special worm. C. To present a way to break down plastics. D To propose new means to keep eco-balance. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【分析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了一种吃塑料的虫子大蜡螟，它胃中的酶能够降解塑料，这为解决塑料污染提供了新的途径。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段Federica Bertocchini, co-author of the study, says the worms’ ability to break down their everyday food — beeswax — also allows them to break down plastic.可知，研究结果发现，蠕虫分解日常食物的能力让它们可以分解塑料，也就是说它们可以消费塑料。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段The next step, DeBruyn says, will be to identify the cause of the breakdown. Is it an enzyme produced by the worm itself or by its gut microbes(肠道微生物)?可知，下一步研究是辨清分解的原因，查明这种酶来源于哪里，是虫子自己产生的还是它肠道里的微生物产生的。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂可以推断出，Bertocchini希望这种化学物质将来能在工业生产中使用，而不是仅仅依靠蠕虫来分解塑料。故选D。 【15题详解】 写作意图题。根据文章第一段最后一句So far there is no effective way to get rid of it, but a new study suggests an answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms.可知，有一种新的方法被用于分解塑料。再根据最后一段最后一句But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial process — not simply ＂millions of worms thrown on top of the plastic.＂可知，Bertocchini希望将这种方法推广到工业中。由此可以推知写作意图为介绍一种分解塑料的方法。故选C。 点睛：根据不同文体，推断目的意图。不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的，通常作者的写作目的有以下三种：1) to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑），常见于故事类的文章。2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观点），常见于广告类的文章。3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息），多见于科普类﹑新闻报道类﹑文化类或社会类的文章。阅读时要善于根据文章的文体来学会推断作者的情感态度和目的。本题的最后一题为写作意图题。文章为说明文，主要介绍了一项新的研究发现---蠕虫可以分解塑料。因此可以推着写作意图是告知、告诉读者一种新的分解塑料的方法。 第二节 (共5小题: 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Though there is nothing essentially wrong with any kind of emotion, some of them can lead to major amounts of distress (痛苦) when left unchecked. ____16____ Here are some of them: Take precautions against your emotional triggers. Your triggers are the activities, people, places, things, or events that consistently bring out particular emotions in you. ____17____ Do nothing if someone is trying to frustrate you. If you can tell that someone is bothering you just to egg you on, take a deep breath and stay calm. _____18_____ When you maintain your cool, the person egging you on will become frustrated and eventually stop. ____19____ If you feel yourself reacting to strong emotions in a way that’s typical for you, stop yourself. Take a moment and think about what would happen if you tried what is different from your usual reaction. How would the outcome change? If it would become positive or productive, try that new method instead of your old one. Remove yourself from a situation that generates negative feelings. ____20____ If a situation can be reworked relatively easily and without hurting others, do what you can to remove yourself from it and your negative feelings. A. Sometimes the best reaction is walking away. B Speak calmly and refuse to let him get to you. C. If necessary, you can turn to your friends for help. D. Consider what you have experienced in a positive way. E. Try doing the opposite of what you would normally do. F. Once you know your triggers (诱因) , you can plan for them and mentally prepare yourself. G. Thankfully, there are numerous techniques to react to these negative feelings in a healthy way. 【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一些应对负面情绪的健康方式。 【16题详解】 上文“Though there is nothing essentially wrong with any kind of emotion, some of them can lead to major amounts of distress (痛苦) when left unchecked.(虽然任何一种情绪都没有什么本质上的问题，但如果不加以控制，其中一些情绪会导致大量的痛苦)”提到，一些情绪会导致痛苦，结合下文“Here are some of them(以下是其中的一些)”可知，空处应是说有一些解决方法，引出下文，G项“值得庆幸的是，有许多技巧可以以健康的方式应对这些负面情绪”符合语境，下文中的“them”指代G项中的“techniques”，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Take precautions against your emotional triggers. Your triggers are the activities, people, places, things, or events that consistently bring out particular emotions in you.(预防你的情绪诱因。你的诱因是那些持续引发你特定情绪的活动、人、地方、事物或事件)”可知，本段主要讲预防情绪诱因，并解释了哪些是诱因，F项“一旦你知道你的诱因，你就可以为它们做计划，做好心理准备”承接上文，和本段主题一致，F项中“triggers”呼应上文，故选F。 【18题详解】 上文“If you can tell that someone is bothering you just to egg you on, take a deep breath and stay calm.(如果你知道有人打扰你只是为了怂恿你，深呼吸，保持冷静。)”和下文“When you maintain your cool(当你保持冷静时)”都提到保持冷静，B项“冷静地说话，不要让他影响到你”符合语境，him指代前文提到的打扰你的人，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据本段中“Take a moment and think about what would happen if you tried what is different from your usual reaction.(花点时间想想如果你尝试不同于你通常的反应会发生什么)”以及“If it would become positive or productive, try that new method instead of your old one.(如果它会变得积极或富有成效，尝试新方法而不是旧方法)”可知，本段是讲尝试不同于以往的新方法，E项“试着做与你通常做的相反的事情”符合语境，故选E。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Remove yourself from a situation that generates negative feelings.(让自己远离产生负面情绪的环境)”和下文“If a situation can be reworked relatively easily and without hurting others, do what you can to remove yourself from it and your negative feelings.(如果一种情况可以相对容易地改变，而且不会伤害到别人，那就尽你所能把自己从这种情况和你的消极情绪中解脱出来)”可知，本段主要是讲远离消极情绪，A项“有时候最好的反应就是走开”符合本段主旨，故选A。 第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共 15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I tightly held the seat under me as the jeep raced forward, bouncing me into the air. I. a bookish Manhattanite, ____21____ solo north of the Arctic Circle to the Swedish Lapland. I didn’t want to ____22____ my fortieth birthday as a day I was chained with my office work. Feeling an urgency to live life to the ____23____, I answered the call of the wild. I booked a Husky sledding tour and ____24____ myself that I would be safe on the journey. Yet, I still doubted my ability to steer the ____25____ dogs. What if the sled stopped halfway and the ____26____ began to crack under us? After struggling into multiple layers of clothing. I boarded and looked like a fat monster. With the pack of Huskies ____27____ in the noise of bars and howls, I hit the open rough road. While speeding down, I could even hear the snow crunching under us. With ____28____ eyes, I tried to avoid any possible dangers. I didn’t want to put my own life ____29____. Eventually, the pack of Huskies had brought my _____30_____ into the unknown. A vast stretch of wild opened before us. Tall conifers (松柏) ______31______ a tunnel of trees. I desired to catch a glimpse of the native wildlife-the quiet moose. the arctic fox, the magical reindeer, which seemed straight from a storybook. I was searching, like the Huskies, all senses _____32_____,eager for adventure. I strained my eyes as far as they could see _____33_____ paths met milky-white sky. Perhaps the earth and the he aven were one. Perhaps life wasn’t so much about _____34_____ the reins (缰绳) but letting go and trusting the adventure. Perhaps we even need a little rough weather, the slippery snow, to experience the _____35_____ of challenging the wild. 21. A. traveled B. settled C. hiked D. dreamed 22. A. get along with B. keep up with C. make up for D. look back on 23. A. coldest B. largest C. fairest D. fullest 24. A. requested B. convinced C. forgave D. declared 25. A. freezing B. emotional C. energetic D. dangerous 26. A. car B. ice C. rock D. air 27. A. feeding B. training C. erupting D. living 28. A. patient B. sensitive C. watchful D. generous 29. A. with ease B. under control C. in return D. at risk 30. A. journey B. work C. future D. thought 31. A. grew B. covered C. lifted D. created 32. A. absent B. alert C. dull D. obvious 33. A. muddy B. tough C. snowy D. busy 34. A. tightening B. fixing C. loosening D. breaking 35. A. pain B. joy C. hope D. sorrow 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在四十岁生日之际选择挑战自我，独自前往北极圈以北的瑞典拉普兰地区进行哈士奇雪橇之旅的经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个喜欢读书的曼哈顿人，我独自一人前往北极圈以北的瑞典拉普兰地区。A. traveled(尤指长途)旅行；B. settled 定居；C. hiked远足，徒步旅行；D. dreamed做梦。根据下文“solo north of the Arctic Circle to the Swedish Lapland.”可知，作者独自一人进行了长途旅行。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我不想在四十岁生日那天回首过去，发现自己整天都忙于办公室的工作。A. get along with与……相处；B. keep up with跟上，赶上；C. make up for弥补；D. look back on回顾，回忆。根据“I was chained with my office work.”可知，作者不想在四十岁生日的时候回首过去，都是忙于办公室的工作。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：感受到充实生活的紧迫感，我回应了大自然的召唤。A. coldest最冷的；B. largest最大的；C. fairest最公平的；D. fullest最满的。根据“根据“I was chained with my office work.”可知，作者想要充实生活；live life to the fullest为固定搭配，意为“充实生活”。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我预订了一次哈士奇雪橇之旅，并说服自己这次旅行会很安全。A. requested要求；B. convinced说服；C. forgave原谅；D. declared宣布。根据下文“ I would be safe on the journey”可知，作者说服自己说这次旅行很安全。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我仍然怀疑自己是否有能力驾驭这些精力充沛的狗。A. freezing极冷的；B. emotional感情的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. dangerous危险的。根据下文“With the pack of Huskies ____7____ in the noise of bars and howls”可知，这些狗是精力充沛的。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果雪橇半路停下来，我们脚下的冰开始裂开怎么办？A. car车；B. ice冰；C. rock岩石；D. air空气。根据“I booked a Husky sledding tour”和“began to crack under us”可知，此处指冰开始裂开了，应该怎么办。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着一群哈士奇犬发出吠叫和嚎叫的声音，我踏上了崎岖不平的开放道路。A. feeding喂养；B. training训练；C. erupting爆发；D. living居住。根据下文“in the noise of barks and howls”可知，哈士奇在咆哮声中爆发力量，冲上了公路。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我用警惕眼神，尽量避免任何可能的危险。A. patient有耐心的；B. sensitive善解人意的；C. watchful警惕的；D. generous慷慨的，大方的。根据下文“I tried to avoid any possible dangers”可知，此处指作者用警戒的眼神，避免危险。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我不想拿自己的生命冒险。A. with ease轻易地；B. under control在控制中；C. in return作为回报；D. at risk在危险中。根据前文“I tried to avoid any possible dangers”可知，此处指作者不想让自己的生命有危险。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，这群哈士奇带我踏上了未知的旅程。A. journey旅程；B. work工作；C. future未来；D. thought想法。根据前文“I would be safe on the journey”可知，此处是信息词journey的词汇复现。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：高大的针叶树形成了一条树木隧道。A. grew生长；B. covered覆盖；C. lifted举起；D. created创造。根据前文“Tall conifers”及后文“a tunnel of trees”可知，此处指高大的松柏形成了一条树林隧道。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在寻找，像哈士奇一样，所有的感官都警觉起来，渴望冒险。A. absent缺席的；B. alert警觉的；C. dull无聊的；D. obvious明显的。根据前文“I was searching, like the Huskies,”可知，此处指作者像哈士奇一样警觉。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我睁大了眼睛，直到他们能看到雪白的小路与乳白色的天空相遇。A. muddy泥泞的；B. tough艰难的；C. snowy雪白的；D. busy忙的。根据后文“met milky-white sky. Perhaps the earth and the heaven were one.”可知，路和乳白色的天空浑然一体，天地合一，所以此处指作者看着雪白的路。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许生活并不是收紧缰绳，而是放手，相信冒险。A. tightening绷紧，拉紧；B. fixing修理；C. loosening放松，松开；D. breaking破坏。根据下文“but letting go”可知，此处指不是勒紧缰绳。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许我们甚至需要一点恶劣的天气，湿滑的雪，来体验挑战大自然的乐趣。A. pain痛苦；B. joy乐趣；C. hope希望；D. sorrow悲伤。根据下文“ challenging the wild”可知，此处指体验大自然的乐趣。故选B。 第二节(共 10 小题:每小题1.5分, 满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Ma Mian Qun, also known ____36____ “horse face pleats (褶) skirt”, is a kind of traditional Chinese dress. The question of why Ma Mian Qun is named has always been puzzling. In fact, “Ma Mian” is a kind of structure used for ____37____ (defend) in the city wall system. But whether its name is really related to the city wall remains ____38____ (explore). All the books about Ma Mian Qun, whether they are related to ____39____ (costume), operas or cultural relics, only show that the smooth surface without pleats in the middle is called “Ma Mian”, ____40____ there is no further explanation for the source of “Ma Mian”. The Chinese horse face pleats skirt showcases ____41____ unique structural design that pairs practicality with elegance. The skirt starts with a snug waist and fans out to wider hem, with pleats that are ____42____ (typical) around 30 centimeters deep. This allows for a full range of motion, ____43____ (reflect) the traditional need for both beauty and usefulness in Chinese clothing. In Chinese culture, horse face pleats skirt represents the tradition. The pleats signify wealth and status, while the colors used, such as red and yellow, ____44____ (tie) to luck and dignity respectively. Today, it tends to be popular among young people, _____45_____ is a great example of how traditional styles can be mixed into modern fashion. 【答案】36. as 37. defence##defense 38. to be explored 39. costumes 40. but 41. a 42 typically 43. reflecting 44. are tied 45. which 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统服饰马面裙的由来以及历史发展。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：马面裙，又称“马面褶裙”，是中国传统服饰的一种。固定短语be known as表示“被称为”。故填as。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：事实上，“马面”是城墙系统中用于防御的一种结构。作介词的宾语，应用名词defence/defense，不可数。故填defence或defense。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但它的名字是否真的与城墙有关还有待探讨。短语remain to do sth.，且explore与name构成被动关系，应用to be done形式。故填to be explored。 【39题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：所有关于马面裙的书籍，无论是与服装、戏剧还是文物有关的，都只表明中间没有褶皱的光滑表面被称为“马面”，而对“马面”的来源并没有进一步的说明。根据后文operas or cultural relics可知，应用复数形式。故填costumes。 【40题详解】 考查连词。句意：所有关于马面裙的书籍，无论是与服装、戏剧还是文物有关的，都只表明中间没有褶皱的光滑表面被称为“马面”，而对“马面”的来源并没有进一步的说明。结合前后文语境可知，此处为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中国马面褶裙展示了一种独特的结构设计，将实用与优雅相结合。此处design为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：这款裙子的腰很紧，下摆很宽，褶深一般在30厘米左右。此处修饰介词短语around 30 centimeters deep，应用副词typically，故填typically。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这允许全方位的运动，反映了中国服装对美观和实用的传统需求。此处自然而然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填reflecting。 【44题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：褶皱象征着财富和地位，而使用的颜色，如红色和黄色，分别与运气和尊严联系在一起。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are tied。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：如今，它在年轻人中很受欢迎，这是传统风格如何融入现代时尚的一个很好的例子。此处是非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面整句话的内容，作从句的主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，上周参加了全市中学生英语口语大赛。请你写一封邮件给英国笔友Peter，与他分享参赛心得，内容包括： 1.参赛过程； 2.参赛收获。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Peter, Last week witnessed my participation in the city-wide English and Chinese language competition for middle school students. I wanted to share with you my invaluable experience. During the competition, I had to demonstrate my language skills through different activities, like a speech and a written test. A bit nervous though I was initially, I managed to stay focused and tried my utmost. What I have gleaned from this competition is that new expressions and vocabulary should be accumulated on a daily basis rather than cramming before tests. Additionally, I had the chance to interact with peer students from diversified schools and to make new friends. Overall, it was an enriching and fruitful experience. I hope to hear from you soon and learn about any competitions or events that you have participated in. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Peter写一封邮件，与他分享参加全市中学生英语口语大赛的心得。 【详解】1.词汇积累 比赛：competition→match 紧张的：nervous→tense 此外：additionally→in addition 参加：participate in→join in 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：During the competition, I had to demonstrate my language skills through different activities, like a speech and a written test. 拓展句：During the competition, I had to demonstrate my language skills through different activities, which include a speech and a written test. 【点睛】【高分句型1】A bit nervous though I was initially, I managed to stay focused and tried my utmost.（运用了though引导的让步状语从句的倒装） 【高分句型2】What I have gleaned from this competition is that new expressions and vocabulary should be accumulated on a daily basis rather than cramming before tests.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句） 【高分句型3】I hope to hear from you soon and learn about any competitions or events that you have participated in.（运用了that引导的定语从句） 第二节(满分 25 分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In our kitchen, there was a wooden table and three chairs — one for Dad, one for Mom, and one for me. In the cellar (地窖), the very last jar of apple jam lay quietly on the shelf, waiting to be turned into an apple pie when Dad came back. Mom sat at one end of the table. I sat in the middle between her and Dad. I tried not to look at Dad’s empty place. Dad had gone to the city to look for work for a long time. Every night, I lay awake in bed and waited for the train to stop. Waited to hear the creaky (嘎吱作响的) gate Dad’s going to fix when he came home. Waited to hear the sound of his work boots dropping on the step by the kitchen door, and his voice calling, “I’m home!” Every night, as I lay there, I stared at the window and the curtains Mom made from empty flour sacks (麻布袋). Every night, Mom came to kiss me good-night — after the train’s gone by. She had been listening, too. “Go to sleep. Your dad will be home soon. Maybe for Thanksgiving.” Time dragging by, it finally came the day before Thanksgiving. I went to sleep with the sound of train wheels in my head, whispering, “Maybe tomorrow, maybe tomorrow.” Early the next morning, the smell of coffee woke me. I ran into the kitchen. There he was! Dad lifted me onto his shoulders and pretended to stagger from my weight. “How’s my boy? You’ve gotten so big that I can barely lift you up anymore.” He put me down, and I stared at the two sacks on the table. One said FLOUR — I knew that word. I tried reading the other: S-U-G-A-R. Dad whistled admiringly and winked at me. Mom and I had been practicing my letters most days. I could see that Mom was pleased with me. “I’m going to bake a pie for your dad’s homecoming dinner. Jimmy, bring me that jar of apple jam from the shelf in the cellar.” Mom smiled at me. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右: 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version 1: Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. The next second I was in front of the shelf. I stood on tiptoe and took down the jar carefully. I could hear Dad and Mom laughing upstairs and Mom’s hands slapping the dough. Wanting to join them, I hurried up the steps, and my foot caught on the middle one. I put out my hand to steady myself, but I tumbled down. The jar slipped through my fingers and smashed on the floor. The jam we’d been saving and saving flew everywhere. Wrong-footed, I burst into tears and heard Dad’s footsteps closer and closer. “Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. These words seemed to have magic and gradually I settled down. Through the shirt, I could smell the dust of the train and the city as well as that of Dad’s. How I wished I hadn’t hurried. “Next time I will be more careful,” I thought to myself. Having swiftly dealt with the mess, Dad lifted me onto his shoulder and went back to Mom. “Now out of the kitchen, you two,” Mom said, “I'm going to bake my mama’s sugar pie, without apple jam!” I followed Dad out and helped him fix that old creaking gate until Ma called us in for Thanksgiving dinner. Possible version 2: Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. “No problem.” I jumped at the request and rushed downstairs. The jar just stood quietly on the shelf, but it seemed a bit high. I climbed up the chair nearby and extended my arms as long as possible. When I just grasped the jar, I lost my balance and fell down. I couldn’t help crying. What made me sad was not the pain but the jam — now scattered everywhere. There came Dad’s footsteps and Mom’s voice, “Are you hurt?” I shook my head slightly. She helped me up and asked me to go upstairs. With heavy footsteps, I moved slowly and tears welled up in my eyes. “Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. “But I ruined your homecoming dinner.” Sorrow overwhelmed me and I kept sobbing. “No, my son,” Dad smiled gently, “My homecoming dinner is not about pies, but about you and Mom.” Hearing this, I stopped sobbing, “But what can we eat tonight?” “How about an apple pie without apple jam?” Mom came upstairs and cut in. Dad and I exchanged a glance and nodded. After a while, I found myself sitting in the chair, but this time, I sat in the middle between Dad and Mom. (We can go without apple jam. Why not make a pie with apple jam?) (…but this time, I sat with Dad on the left and Mom on the right.) Possible version 3: Hearing this, I took the steps two at a time to the cellar. “Yes! Madam.” I saluted, acting as if I were a solider. I ran downstairs as fast as my legs could carry me. After a while, I jumped upstairs with the jar in both hands, humming a joyful tune. But after I handed the jar to Mom, things went crazy. Mom was busy slapping the dough and asked me to pass her the sugar. Instead of scooping a bowl of it, I held the sack up. Just at that very moment, the sugar sack slipped away and all the sugar ended up on the mud floor. Realizing I spoiled Dad’s homecoming dinner, I burst into tears. “Never mind, boy, accidents happen,” Dad said and wiped my tears. “I meant to help,” I whimpered, “but... I should have scooped some of it...” Dad squatted down and brushed the hair out of my eyes. “Next time it will just be fine.” I looked into Dad’s eyes and nodded. Dad lifted me onto his shoulder and turned to Mom, “Dear, can we make a sugar-free apple pie?” Mom, who had been watching us lovingly, replied “Of course!” and began to work on it. On that Thanksgiving evening, beside the wooden table sat three of us, I myself between Mom and Dad. Though sugar-free, the apple pie tasted sweeter than ever before. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。所给文章为记叙文，以苹果酱和苹果派为线索。作者家的厨房中有一张木桌和三把椅子，分别是爸爸的妈妈的和作者的。爸爸出门务工，每当地窖中的最后一瓶苹果酱被放到桌上，等待被做成苹果派的时候，就是爸爸回家的时候。作者和妈妈每个晚上都在等爸爸回家。感恩节的时候爸爸终于回家了，妈妈要给爸爸做苹果派，并让作者去把地窖的苹果酱拿出来。 【详解】1.段落续写 第一段首句内容为“听到这话，我一两步走到地窖”。可知，第一段可描写作者听了母亲话后去地窖拿苹果酱的经历。 第二点首句内容为“没关系，孩子，意外总会发生的，”爸爸说着擦干了我的眼泪。可知，第二段可能描写作者在拿苹果酱时发生了意外后，爸爸妈妈给作者的安慰。 2.续写线索：急匆匆拿果酱——摔了一跤——爸爸安慰——妈妈接着做水果派 3.词汇激活： 行为类： ①形容加快步伐/步伐很快：take the steps two at a time/hurry up the steps ②突然…起来：burst into tears/ burst into laughter 情感类 平静下来：settle down/calm down 【点睛】[高分句型1] How I wished I hadn’t hurried.（用虚拟语气表达后悔，惋惜的情绪） [高分句型2] Having swiftly dealt with the mess, Dad lifted me onto his shoulder and went back to Mom.（分词短语作状语，可模仿性高） [高分句型3] I followed Dad out and helped him fix that old creaking gate until Ma called us in for Thanksgiving dinner.（until引导的时间状语从句） 1-5 BACBC 6-10 BCAAC 11-15AABAB 16-20CBBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$