精品解析：河南省豫北名校2023-2024学年高二下学期6月期末学业质量监测英语试题

高二下学期期末学业质量监测 英语 考生注意： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Why do the speakers line up? A. To buy some food. B. To buy some water. C. To get into the cinema. 2. Where does Nancy want to take the customers? A. The art museum. B. The opera hall. C. The history museum. 3. What color coat does the man recommend? A. White. B. Pink. C. Green. 4. Who is the man most probably talking to? A. A student. B. A policewoman. C. A dentist. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their dog. B. The weather. C. Their house. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When will the man meet Tony on Saturday? A. At 9 : 00 am. B. At 1 : 00 pm. C. At 4 : 00 pm. 7. What will the speakers do at the Jungle Cafe? A. Have breakfast. B. Have lunch. C. Have afternoon tea. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is wrong with the woman's mother? A. She has forgotten to shop. B. She has no place to live. C. She has heart disease. 9. What does the woman plan to do tomorrow? A. Go shopping. B. See a doctor. C. Have a meeting. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Good friends. B. Husband and wife. C. Boss and employee. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Who does Andy want to send a gift to? A. His mother. B. His aunt. C. His sister. 12. How much will Andy spend on the scarf? A. $30. B. $40. C. $50. 13. What does Alice offer to do in the end? A. Post the scarf for Andy. B. Lend Andy some money. C. Go shopping with Andy. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How long is Mr. White 's vacation? A. About four days. B. About a week. C. About a month. 15. What is the woman? A. A teacher. B. A travel agent. C. A lawyer. 16. What do we know about the Malaysian Airways flight? A. It departs at 6 : 30 pm. B. It lasts for 7 hours. C. It is a non-stop flight. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What did the speaker's friend think of Wild Ways? A. It was boring. B. It was attractive. C. It was expensive. 18. What appealed to the speaker most about the book? A. The historical knowledge. B. The leading character. C. The brief description. 19. Who wrote the book? A. Harry Kevin. B. William Baker. C. Margaret Emerson. 20. What does the speaker say about the book? A. It's hard to understand. B. It will gain recognition. C. It sells at a discount. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Automation has pioneered innovation your phone is probably in your pocket or your hands at all times, and it’s easier now, more than ever, to communicate with anyone in the world. Technology is everywhere these days. What are your thoughts on technology, social media, or your phone? Do you feel excited every time you get a message, or do you feel trapped by these digital chains? However you feel, we want you to represent technology in artwork — paintings, cutout (剪贴), digital art, photography, etc. You may even see your art work in future issues of our magazine, so keep your eyes wide open! Deadline: June 21, 2024. Rules: ·You must be a teen (aged 13 — 19) with our website account to enter. ·No inappropriate content. ·Submissions must focus on the topic: Technology. Guidelines and Details: ·Your entry must be art work created by yourself for the first time. ·There is no limitation on the number of art work you can submit. How to Submit: ·Submit entries through our website. All entries submitted to us are automatically considered for the contest. See our submission guidelines for more information. ·Submit your work to the appropriate art category. Include “technology” in your submission’s labels. You can do this by using the “additional labels” field in your submission form. Prizes: ·The winner and the nominees (被提名者) will have their entries published in our magazine. ·The overall winner will receive a $25 Amazon gift card and also three months’ free access to our magazine. 1. What subject should the entry be related to? A. Collage. B. Photography. C. Technology. D. Communication. 2. Which of the following will result in disqualification? A. A contestant is 16 years old. B. An entry is submitted by post on June 25. C. An entry is created by only one person. D. A contestant submits as many as 20 entries. 3. What benefit will a nominee receive? A. A $25 gift card. B. Free magazine subscriptions. C. A label named after them. D. Having their entries published. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。本文是一则艺术征文竞赛的通知。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However you feel, we want you to represent technology in artwork — paintings, cutout (剪贴), digital art, photography, etc.(无论你的感受如何，我们希望你能在艺术作品中表现技术——绘画、剪纸、数字艺术、摄影等)”和Rules: 部分的“Submissions must focus on the topic: Technology.(提交的内容必须集中在这个主题：技术)”可知，作品的内容必须与技术相关。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据Deadline:“June 21,2024.”和How to Submit 部分中的“Submit entries through our website.(通过我们的网站提交参赛作品)”可知，截止日期为2024年6月21 日，参赛作品要在线提交。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Prizes部分中的“The winner and the nominees (被提名者) will have their entries published in our magazine.(获奖者和被提名者的作品将刊登在我们的杂志上)”可知，获奖者和被提名者的作品将在杂志上被发表。故选D。 B Born in Wales in 1950, Martin Lockley was a pioneer in the study of the dinosaur tracks and footprints preserved in rocks around the world. His work helped his fellow paleontologists (古生物学家) understand what the footprints can tell us about dinosaurs and the world that they lived in. The footprints and tracks left behind by dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals are called trace fossils (痕迹化石). They can offer clues to how quickly an animal walked or ran and even what their skin may have looked like. Compared with the body fossils of bones and teeth, trace fossils contain evidence of the interactions that the animals had with their environment and can describe what the physical environment may have looked like. They offer a more reliable way to imagine the speed of a dinosaur than analyzing the bones. Lockley’s mother and father were nature lovers. Lockley loved to observe nature. His father inspired him to “just go out and observe and trust your observations”, which proved important in Lockley’s launching his future career in dinosaur research. He took that advice with him to Gunnison, southwest of Denver, the United States. While North America is home to some of the largest number of fossil footprints in the world, Lockley’s work with prints and his father’s words took him far and wide. He explored fossil and track sites in China, South Korea, Spain and the United Kingdom. In addition to finding the tracks, Lockley devoted time and energy to preserving these important parts of the fossil record. This includes guiding the politics needed to create UNESCO world heritage sites so that future generations wouldn’t lose out on these precious relics of the past. 4. What can we know about trace fossils? A They can reflect the then environment. B They are mainly left by some larger animals. C. They can be easier to preserve than teeth fossils. D. They are as accurate as bone fossils in analyzing animals’ speed. 5. What contributes to Lockley’s beginning his career in dinosaur tracks? A. His family’s tradition. B. His father’s encouragement. C. His love for dinosaurs and their footprints. D. His desire to find the largest dinosaur track site. 6. What did Lockley do besides his professional research? A. He explored places of interest around the world. B. He guided fellow paleontologists in their work. C. He conserved and promoted dinosaur track sites. D. He educated the next generation of track hunters. 7. Which can best describe Lockley’s work? A. Dangerous. B. Time-consuming. C. Far-reaching. D. Demanding. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。马丁•洛克利是研究世界各地岩石中保存的恐龙足迹的先驱。他的工作帮助他的古生物学家同行们了解了这些脚印能告诉我们的关于恐龙和它们生活的世界的信息。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Compared with the body fossils of bones and teeth, trace fossils contain evidence of the interactions that the animals had with their environment and can describe what the physical environment may have looked like. They offer a more reliable way to imagine the speed of a dinosaur than analyzing the bones.(与骨骼和牙齿的身体化石相比，痕迹化石包含了动物与环境相互作用的证据，可以描述物理环境可能是什么样子的。它们提供了一种比分析骨头更可靠的方法来想象恐龙的速度。)”可知，痕迹化石可以反映当时的环境情况。故选A。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His father inspired him to “just go out and observe and trust your observations”, which proved important in Lockley’s launching his future career in dinosaur research.(他的父亲鼓励他“走出去观察，相信你的观察结果”，这对洛克利开始他未来的恐龙研究生涯很重要。)”可知，Lockley开启他的恐龙化石事业是受到他父亲的鼓励。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“In addition to finding the tracks, Lockley devoted time and energy to preserving these important parts of the fossil record. This includes guiding the politics needed to create UNESCO world heritage sites so that future generations wouldn’t lose out on these precious relics of the past.( 除了找到这些踪迹，Lockley还投入了时间和精力来保存化石记录中的这些重要部分。这包括指导创造联合国教科文组织的世界遗产的政治需要，这样后代就不会失去过去这些珍贵的遗迹。)”可知，Lockley除了自己的专业研究，还致力于保护和推广恐龙痕迹和遗址。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“His work helped his fellow paleontologists (古生物学家) understand what the footprints can tell us about dinosaurs and the world that they lived in. (他的工作帮助他的古生物学家同行们了解了这些脚印能告诉我们的关于恐龙和它们生活的世界的信息。)”以及最后一段的内容“In addition to finding the tracks, Lockley devoted time and energy to preserving these important parts of the fossil record. This includes guiding the politics needed to create UNESCO world heritage sites so that future generations wouldn’t lose out on these precious relics of the past.( 除了找到这些踪迹，Lockley还投入了时间和精力来保存化石记录中的这些重要部分。这包括指导创造联合国教科文组织的世界遗产的政治需要，这样后代就不会失去过去这些珍贵的遗迹。)”可推知，Lockley的工作影响深远。故选C。 C Some songs tend to get stuck in our heads more easily than others. When a song becomes super popular, we say it’s “gone viral”. Those words might be more accurate than we ever imagined. David Earn is an applied mathematician. One day, he talked with musician and scientist Matt Woolhouse. Woolhouse found some songs had been downloaded thousands of times over just a few weeks or months. Those patterns looked familiar to Earn, who studies disease epidemics. And those download data resembled the kind of data he saw with disease transmission (传播). They wondered whether that kind of spread from person to person could be how people decide that they like particular songs. Earn had been working with a mathematical model to predict how diseases spread during an epidemic. His team now used the same model with the song data. They looked at the 1,000 most downloaded songs in the United Kingdom, dividing them by type. For popular songs, downloads increased rapidly over time, much like a contagious (传染性的) disease infecting a group of susceptible people. Some types were more contagious than others, the team reported in 2023. “The group of people who connect and like folk music isn’t the same as the group of people who like heavy metal or dance music. They’re different social groups,” Earn says. “And some of those social groups are much more likely to share things quickly.” Surprisingly, pop music wasn’t the most contagious. It spread, but not as quickly as some other types. Electronic music, on the other hand, was super contagious. Earn thinks these listeners are probably super connected on the web and share things more than people who prefer other types of music. “We think of contagion as a strictly negative thing,” Earn says. “But that same process of contagion functions for other things in life,” he now concludes, “like sharing favorite songs with your closest friends.” 8 Why did Earn and his team conduct their research? A. To analyze the pattern of song spread. B. To investigate the ways songs are grouped. C. To count the times that the songs were downloaded. D. To study the characters of the people who downloaded songs. 9. What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 4 mean? A. With a strong will. B. Preferring new ideas. C. Sticking to traditions. D. Likely to be influenced. 10. Why does electronic music spread quicker? A. Electronic music covers all music types. B. Its fans are skillful at surfing the Internet. C. Electronic music can impress people easily. D. Its lovers like sharing things with others better. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. Contagion of Music B. Music Spreads Online Wildly C. How a Song Becomes Attractive D. Frequency of Downloading Songs 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。病毒传染是一件非常负面的事情，但同样的传染过程也适用于生活中的其他事情，比如和你最亲密的朋友分享最喜欢的歌曲。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“They wondered whether that kind of spread from person to person could be how people decide that they like particular songs.(他们想知道，这种人与人之间的传播是否可能是人们决定自己喜欢某首歌的方式。)”可知，Earn和他的团队进行研究是为了弄清楚音乐的传播方式。故选A。 【9题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文“For popular songs, downloads increased rapidly over time(随着时间的推移，流行歌曲的下载量迅速增长)”可推断，因此推断“much like a contagious (传染性的) disease infecting a group of susceptible people(就像传染病感染了一群susceptible人群)”可知，此处表示对于流行歌曲，下载量随着时间的推移而迅速增长，就像传染病感染了一群“易感”人群一样。故该词表示“易受影响的”。 故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Earn thinks these listeners are probably super connected on the web and share things more than people who prefer other types of music.( Earn认为这些听众在网络上的联系可能比那些喜欢其他类型音乐的人更紧密，分享的东西也更多。)”可知，电子音乐的听众在网络上分享的东西更多。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段的“Woolhouse found some songs had been downloaded thousands of times over just a few weeks or months. Those patterns looked familiar to Earn, who studies disease epidemics. And those download data resembled the kind of data he saw with disease transmission (传播). They wondered whether that kind of spread from person to person could be how people decide that they like particular songs. (伍尔豪斯发现，一些歌曲在短短几周或几个月内就被下载了数千次。对于研究疾病流行的Earn来说，这些模式看起来很熟悉。这些下载的数据类似于他看到的疾病传播的数据。他们想知道，这种人与人之间的传播是否可能是人们决定自己喜欢某首歌的方式。)”并通读全文可知，本文讲述，音乐的传播类似病毒的传播，病毒传染是一件非常负面的事情，但同样的传染过程也适用于生活中的其他事情，比如和你最亲密的朋友分享最喜欢的歌曲。因此推断“音乐的传染”。故选A。 D The first U. S. cookbook was published in 1796, and since then, they have provided insight into different times in American history. Cookbooks tell us what foods were available during the period the books were written. If you see a lot of recipes for things that are preserved for pickles (腌菜), you know that you’re looking at a time without refrigeration. In the late 1860s, many recipes started paying more attention to food bacteria concerns and healthy-seeming foods, reflecting society’s growing knowledge of both subjects. Cookbooks show that meal planning changed in the 1930s, when refrigerators became more common in American homes. Early cookbooks were also lifestyle guides. So, there were not only some recipes for food, but recipes for a cleaning solvent (溶剂) or what to do when your child were poisoned, how to clean, and how to get spots out. Cookbooks became more diversified and regional after the Civil War. Southern writers, and some Northern writers, began publishing cookbooks in an attempt to memorialize, and beautify, the American South. They became very successful and they really helped to develop a sense of what southern hospitality was. Community cookbooks, edited by more than one person, often as a fundraiser or for charity, ultimately provide insight into what middle-class Americans were eating at a given time, as well as a statement about neighborhoods and groups. Cookbooks, however, sort of stop being a comprehensive reflection of society now. You really have to think about the publishing world and who it is, where it is, and what it wants. The publishing world doesn’t necessarily have the goal of representing the truth of Americans because it wants to make money. But publishing’s control of the storytelling has loosened. Social media and food blogs have led to the freedom of conversations around food, recipes and cooking, giving consumers more power. But that doesn’t mean that the golden age of cookbooks is over. Cookbooks are still one of the most popular books out there and are purchased regularly. They’re very good to give as gifts. They’re very, very popular because they’re sort of neutral (中立的). And everyone loves a cookbook, especially with beautiful pages. 12. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. There are always recipes to make pickles in cookbooks. B. Refrigerators first entered American homes in the 1930s. C. People ate more healthy foods in the late 1860s than now. D. The cooking method changes as the equipment improves. 13. What does the fourth paragraph mainly focus on? A. The variety of cookbooks. B. The popularity of cookbooks. C. The limitations of cookbooks. D. The editors of cookbooks. 14. What weakens the power of cookbooks now? A. New media. B. Picky consumers. C. Outdated content. D. Economic downturn. 15. What does the author say about U. S. cookbooks? A. They are all about some recipes for food. B. They are still appealing for their objective description. C. They are the voice of middle-class Americans. D. They are purchased more easily online now. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了美国食谱对人们的影响。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“If you see a lot of recipes for things that are preserved for pickles (腌菜), you know that you’re looking at a time without refrigeration.(如果你看到很多关于腌制泡菜的食谱，你就知道你看到的是一段没有冷藏的时间。)”和“Cookbooks show that meal planning changed in the 1930s, when refrigerators became more common in American homes.( 烹饪书显示，20世纪30年代，当冰箱在美国家庭中变得更加普遍时，饮食计划发生了变化。)”可推断出，烹饪方法随着设备的改进而变化。故选D。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段内容“Cookbooks became more diversified and regional after the Civil War. Southern writers, and some Northern writers, began publishing cookbooks in an attempt to memorialize, and beautify, the American South. They became very successful and they really helped to develop a sense of what southern hospitality was. Community cookbooks, edited by more than one person, often as a fundraiser or for charity, ultimately provide insight into what middle-class Americans were eating at a given time, as well as a statement about neighborhoods and groups.(内战后，烹饪书变得更加多样化和地域性。南方作家和一些北方作家开始出版烹饪书，试图纪念和美化美国南方。他们非常成功，他们真的帮助人们了解了南方的好客之道。社区烹饪书由不止一个人编辑，通常是作为筹款活动或慈善活动，最终提供了对特定时间美国中产阶级饮食的见解，以及对社区和群体的声明。)”可知，主题句是“Cookbooks became more diversified and regional after the Civil War.”可知，本段说明烹饪书的多样性。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Social media and food blogs have led to the freedom of conversations around food, recipes and cooking, giving consumers more power.(社交媒体和美食博客带来了围绕食物、食谱和烹饪的自由对话，给了消费者更多的权力。)”可知，新媒体的出现削弱了烹饪书的话语权。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Cookbooks are still one of the most popular books out there and are purchased regularly. They’re very good to give as gifts. They’re very, very popular because they’re sort of neutral (中立的). And everyone loves a cookbook, especially with beautiful pages. (烹饪书仍然是最受欢迎的书籍之一，而且经常被购买。它们很适合作为礼物送人。它们非常非常受欢迎，因为它们有点中性。每个人都喜欢烹饪书，尤其是有漂亮页面的。)”可知，作者认为烹饪书如今因为它们客观的描述依然受欢迎。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Staying motivated is key to achieving personal and professional success. However, it’s common to experience waves in motivation levels. To overcome these challenges and maintain a high level of motivation, we’ve compiled practical tips that can help you stay on track and achieve your goals. ＊Set clear and specific goals. Having clear and specific goals is essential for keeping motivated. Define what you want to achieve and break it down into smaller tasks. This way, you’ll have a clear road map. ____16____. ＊Stay inspired with role models. The people you spend time with greatly affect your mindset. Get yourself close to individuals who are supportive, positive, and motivated themselves. ____17____. During challenging times, they can also help you maintain a positive outlook. ＊____18____. Understanding the underlying reasons behind your goals can greatly inspire your motivation. Reflect on why you want to achieve something and how it agrees with your values and wishes. Having a strong sense of purpose will serve as a constant reminder and fuel your determination. ＊Break tasks into manageable parts. ____19____. Break them into manageable parts. And then, focus on one step at a time. This way, you’ll experience a sense of progress, booming your motivation and making the task feel more achievable. ＊Celebrate milestones and progress. Acknowledging your achievements, no matter how small, is key to staying motivated. Celebrate milestones and progress along the way. ____20____. Or you can take a moment to reflect on how far you’ve come. The positive strengthening will keep your motivation levels high. Staying motivated requires intentional effort and self-reflection. With the right strategies, you can overcome obstacles and maintain your drive towards success. A. Find your why B. Pay attention to people around you C. Their energy and encouragement can inspire you D. Overloaded tasks can quickly beat your motivation E. It could be treating yourself to something you enjoy F. Imagine the positive emotions and sense of accomplishment G. It can fuel your motivation as you achieve each milestone 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保持积极态度的一些实用的建议。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Having clear and specific goals is essential for keeping motivated. Define what you want to achieve and break it down into smaller tasks. This way, you’ll have a clear road map. (有明确而具体的目标是保持动力的必要条件。明确你想要实现的目标，并把它分解成更小的任务。这样，你就有了一个清晰的路线图)”可知，你要确定你想要实现的目标，并将其分解为更小的任务。这样，你就会有一个清晰的路线图。因此推断G项“它可以在你实现每个里程碑时让你更加有动力。”符合语境，前后文是因果关系。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据空前“The people you spend time with greatly affect your mindset. Get yourself close to individuals who are supportive, positive, and motivated themselves.( 和你在一起的人会极大地影响你的心态。和那些支持你、积极向上、自我激励的人亲近)”和空后“During challenging times, they can also help you maintain a positive outlook.(在困难时期，他们也可以帮助你保持积极的态度)”可知，和支持你，积极向上自我激励的人在一起，会极大地激励你，帮助你保持积极的心态，因此推断C选项“他们的能量和鼓励可以激励你”符合语境，与下文也是并列的关系。故选C。 【18题详解】 空处为段落主题句。根据段中的“Understanding the underlying reasons behind your goals can greatly inspire your motivation. Reflect on why you want to achieve something and how it agrees with your values and wishes.(了解目标背后的潜在原因可以极大地激发你的动力。反思你为什么想要实现某件事，以及它如何符合你的价值观和愿望)”可知，本段说明要找到潜在原因，A项中why是关键词，A项“找到你的理由”符合语境。 故选A。 【19题详解】 根据段落小标题“Break tasks into manageable parts. (把任务分成可管理的部分)”及后文内容“Break them into manageable parts. And then, focus on one step at a time. This way, you’ll experience a sense of progress, booming your motivation and making the task feel more achievable. (把它们分成易于管理的部分。然后，一次只关注一步。这样，你会有一种进步的感觉，激发你的动力，让任务更容易实现)”可知，本段是讲超负荷的任务会很快击败你的动力，需要把它们分解成更小的、可管理的部分。故D项“超负荷的任务会很快击垮你的动力”说明超负荷任务的危害，承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 【20题详解】 根据空前“Acknowledging your achievements, no matter how small, is key to staying motivated. Celebrate milestones and progress along the way.(承认自己的成就，无论多么小，都是保持动力的关键。庆祝沿途的里程碑和进步)”和空后“Or you can take a moment to reflect on how far you’ve come. The positive strengthening will keep your motivation levels high.(或者你可以花点时间反思一下你已经走了多远。积极的强化会让你的动力水平保持高水平)”可在，承认你的成就是保持动力的关键，你可以庆祝每一个里程碑和进步，积极的强化会让你的动力保持高水平。因此推断E项“它可以是给自己一些你喜欢的东西”举例说明可以采取的做法，符合语境，承上启下，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One evening, a man was injured in an accident and rushed to a hospital. Already in shock, he was found with multiple injuries, ____21____ a critical head injury. Immediate ____22____ was needed to stop the life-threatening situation. At 9:00 pm, the operation started and was supposed to be ____23____ in about two hours. When the doctors were about to sew up the patient’s head at about 10:30 pm, a (n) ____24____ thing happened. The nurse watching the monitor sensed the ____25____ first and called out, “An earthquake.” Yet, the doctors were too ____26____ to notice the situation. After the nurse ____27____, the doctors finally lifted their heads and noticed the danger. Everything in the operation room was ____28____. Yet, if the operation was stopped and the patient’s head was left ____29____ , his life would be endangered. “Calm down! Calm down!” the medical staff _____30_____ each other. At the same time, after_____31_____ all related equipment, they decided to continue. However, it was getting worse as the operation proceeded, and the nurses had to hold the operation table tightly to _____32_____ it. By virtue of the team’s _____33_____ and excellent professional skills, they completed the high-risk operation _____34_____ before a worse condition may happen. The patient recovered well later. Many people are _____35_____ by the great love and selflessness of the angels in white and show thumbs-up for them. 21. A. seemingly B. especially C. actually D. extremely 22. A. surgery B. relief C. explanation D. delivery 23. A. arranged B. reported C. completed D. improved 24. A. irreplaceable B. familiar C. confusing D. unexpected 25. A. mistake B. abnormality C. behavior D. failure 26. A. scared B. tired C. concentrated D. curious 27. A. repeated B. recalled C. returned D. withdrew 28. A. shaking B. piling C. sinking D. disappearing 29. A. lifted B. open C. covered D. bare 30. A. believed B. comforted C. respected D. promised 31. A. updating B. obtaining C. checking D. tracking 32. A. assess B. repair C. equip D. stabilize 33. A. confidence B. friendliness C. calmness D. independence 34. A. on purpose B. by luck C. for sure D. in time 35. A. touched B. amused C. reminded D. accompanied 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。医生们在剧烈地震中冒着生命危险完成开颅手术，他们的大爱和无私感动了许多人。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他已经休克了，被发现时身上多处受伤，尤其是头部严重受伤。A. seemingly貌似；B. especially特别；C. actually实际上；D. extremely极度。根据前文“Already in shock, he was found with multiple injuries”和下文“a critical head injury”可知，男子已经休克，多处伤口，头部尤其严重，空处表示递进。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：需要立即进行手术来阻止这种危及生命的情况。A. surgery外科手术；B. relief信仰；C. explanation解释；D. delivery递送。根据后文中多次出现的operation可知，需要立即对该男子进行手术来阻止这种危及生命的情况。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：下午九点手术开始，并且预计大约两个小时后完成。A. arranged安排；B. reported报道；C. completed完成；D. improved改进。根据前文“the operation started”和下文“in about two hours”可知，预计两个小时完成手术。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在大约10点30分时，医生们准备缝合病人的头部时，一件意想不到的事情发生了。A. irreplaceable不可替代的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. confusing令人困惑的；D. unexpected出乎意料的。根据后文“An earthquake.”可知，发生了意料之外的事情。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着监视器的护士第一个察觉到了异常，大声喊道，“地震”。A. mistake错误；B. abnormality反常情况；C. behavior行为；D. failure失败。根据后文“An earthquake”可知，发生了异常情况。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，医生们太集中精力，没有注意到这个情况。A. scared恐惧的；B. tired疲惫的；C. concentrated集中的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“the doctors finally lifted their heads and noticed the danger”可知，刚开始医生做手术太集中注意力，没有注意到发生了地震。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 护士重复了一遍之后，医生们终于抬起头来，注意到了危险。A. repeated重复；B. recalled回忆；C. returned归还；D. withdrew收回。前文说医生没有注意到地震，结合后文“the doctors finally lifted their heads and noticed the danger.”可知，医生注意到了，因此推断护士重复了一遍。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：手术室里的一切都在晃动。A. shaking震动；B. piling堆积；C. sinking下沉；D. disappearing消失。根据前文“An earthquake.”可知，地震了，手术室了的一切都在晃动。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，如果手术停止，病人的头部敞开着，他的生命会受到威胁。A. lifted提升的；B. open敞开的；C. covered覆盖的；D. bare赤裸裸的。根据前文“a critical head injury”可知，病人做的头部手术，因此手术停止，头部就是敞开的。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“镇静！镇静！”医务人员互相安慰。A. believed相信；B. comforted安慰；C. respected尊重；D. promised许诺。根据前文““Calm down! Calm down!””可知，医务人员相互安慰。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在检查完所有相关设备后，他们决定继续手术。A. updating更新；B. obtaining获得；C. checking检查；D. tracking追踪。根据后文“they decided to continue”可推知，医生检查了所有的设备后继续手术。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 随着手术的进行，震动越来越严重，护士们不得不紧紧地抓住手术台来稳定它。A. assess评估；B. repair修理；C. equip配备；D. stabilize稳定；稳固。根据前文“However, it was getting worse as the operation proceeded, and the nurses had to hold the operation table tightly”可知，晃动的越来越严重，护士仅仅的抓住手术台来稳定它。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：凭借团队的冷静和出色的专业技能，他们在更糟糕的情况发生之前及时完成了高风险的手术。A. confidence信心；B. friendliness友谊；亲切；C. calmness镇静；D. independence独立。根据前文“Calm down! Calm down!”可知，医护人员非常镇静。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意： 凭借团队的冷静和出色的专业技能，他们在更糟糕的情况发生之前及时完成了高风险的手术。A. on purpose故意地；B. by luck幸运地；C. for sure确定地；D. in time及时。根据后文“before a worse condition may happen”可知，及时完成了高风险的手术。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 许多人被白衣天使的大爱和无私所感动，并为他们竖起大拇指。A. touched使感动；B. amused使愉快；C. reminded提醒；D. accompanied陪伴。根据后前文“ by the great love and selflessness of the angels in white and show thumbs-up for them”可知，人们是感动的。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 China plans to expand its space station to six modules(舱)from three in coming years, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology said on Wednesday. The space station will play ____36____ important role as “space home port”, ____37____ (provide) an alternative platform for near-Earth missions as the International Space Station (ISS) nears the end of its lifespan(寿命). The ISS ____38____ (expect) to be decommissioned (退役) after 2030. The lifetime of the Chinese space station will be more than 15 years. It is longer than the 10 years the country ____39____ (previous) announced. China’s self-built space station, also ____40____ (know) as Tiangong, or Sky Palace in Chinese, has been ____41____ full operation since late 2022. And it hosts a maximum of three astronaut s at an orbital altitude of up to 450 kilometers. It will have a weight of 180 tonnes after expansion, about 40 percent of the mass of the ISS, ____42____ has been in orbit for over two decades. Regarding the expansion, another module is also in the plan. Other plans, including the development of large space telescopes, 3D printers, intelligent robots ____43____ a warning system, are also underway. Chinese state media said last year that China would be matchless as the ISS was approaching ____44____ (retire), and added that China had been requested by several countries _____45_____ (send) their astronauts to the Chinese station. 【答案】36. an 37. providing 38. is expected 39. previously 40. known 41. in 42. which 43. and 44. retirement 45. to send 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述中国计划在未来几年内将其“天宫”空间站从三个模块扩展到六个模块，为其他国家的宇航员提供一个执行近地任务的平台。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：空间站将发挥“太空母港”的重要作用，在国际空间站接近其寿命终点时，为近地任务提供另一个平台。play a...role“发挥……作用”。important为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处为非谓语形式作状语，表示理所应当的结果，用现在分词短语作结果状语。故填providing。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：国际空间站预计将在2030年后退役。be expected to do sth.“被期待做某事”，expect与主语the ISS是被动关系，用被动语态，描述事实用一般现在时，主语是单数。故填is expected。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：这比该国之前宣布的10年要长。此处应用副词修饰动词announced。故填previously。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国自建的空间站，也被称为天宫，或天空宫殿，自2022年底以来一直全面运行。此处为非谓语形式，know与station是被动关系，用过去分词形式。 故填known。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意同上。in operation“在运行中”固定短语。故填in。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：膨胀后，它的重量将达到180吨，约为国际空间站质量的40%，国际空间站已经在轨道上运行了20多年。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the ISS，先行词在定语从句中作主语，指物。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：其他计划,包括大型太空望远镜的开发、3D打印机、智能机器人和预警系统也正在进行中。此处为多个名词短语并列作介词of的宾语，最后一个名词短语前应用and连接。故填and。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：中国官方媒体去年表示，随着国际空间站即将退役，中国将是无与伦比的，并补充说，中国已被几个国家要求将他们的宇航员送到中国空间站。此处作介词toward的宾语，用名词。故填retirement。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国官方媒体去年表示，随着国际空间站即将退役，中国将是无与伦比的，并补充说，中国已被几个国家要求将他们的宇航员送到中国空间站。be requested to do sth.“被请求做某事”，用不定式作主语补足语。故填to send。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。你的英国网友Peter发来邮件表示他不理解为什么中国人即使天气恶劣也要回家过年。请你给他回封邮件，解答他的疑惑。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Peter I received your e-mail showing your confusion about Chinese people’s determination to return home for the Spring Festival despite harsh weather conditions. This resolve is primarily influenced by several key factors. Chinese people returning home for the Spring Festival has gone far beyond a simple family reunion. First of all, it is a long Chinese tradition. Secondly, it is a way to show gratitude and love to our family and ancestors. Moreover, it reminds each of us of the existence of a Chinese nation united by shared customs, indirectly fostering a love for our motherland. As far as we Chinese are concerned, hometown is our spiritual holy land, and going home for the Spring Festival is our most romantic expression. Yours. Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国网友Peter回复邮件解释为什么中国人即使天气恶劣也要回家过年。 【详解】1.词汇积累 尽管：despite→in spite of 影响：influence→affect 此外：moreover→furthermore 培养：foster→boost 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：First of all, it is a long Chinese tradition. Secondly, it is a way to show gratitude and love to our family and ancestors. 拓展句：First of all, it is a long Chinese tradition, which is a way to show gratitude and love to our family and ancestors. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Moreover, it reminds each of us of the existence of a Chinese nation united by shared customs, indirectly fostering a love for our motherland.（运用了过去分词作定语，现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】As far as we Chinese are concerned, hometown is our spiritual holy land, and going home for the Spring Festival is our most romantic expression.（运用了and连接并列句，动名词作主语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When you find someone made a mistake, which would you choose, being right or being nice? At ages five and eight, Bobby and I would spend our usual Saturday with Grandpa, cleaning his house. Grandpa was only in his late fifties. His own dad had died early, so he didn’t go to school but ran the family farm to raise his family. Because of that, his skills consisted of being able to sign his name, read his grandchildren’s names, and do simple sums in his head. Then I didn’t understand the poverty and limited opportunities Grandpa lived with. A little food was the only items in his small refrigerator. He worked as a night guard for several companies, and the highlight of his week was the reward he gave my brother and me for cleaning. After we were done, Grandpa would put on his only suit, and we’d head to town. As we walked, Grandpa would greet every person he met along the way. Everyone had a story to share, and Grandpa would stand quietly, always smiling, and listen with great appreciation. When we’d finally arrive at Grandpa’s favorite diner, the waitresses would all greet him as a long-lost elder. Bobby and I split an adult plate, and Grandpa either had a cup of soup or a cup of coffee, talking about how well we cleaned his place, telling anyone who would listen every step of every task we accomplished. Every waitress would make sure they came up to say “hi” to Grandpa and congratulate his grandkids on their work. It may have been a diner, but it was our another home. When dinner was over, the waitress would bring the check and slide it over to Grandpa. One day it was Gloria, and like always she bent close to him and told him the amount of the check (knowing that he couldn’t read the paper). Grandpa carefully dug into the pocket and brought out a broken coin purse. He carefully laid out the bills and coins. Then he gave Gloria a very very small tip. I was ashamed that he had got it wrong and that he—we—would be embarrassed. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was about to say something to Grandpa when Gloria grabbed my hand. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The words “being nice” played over and over in my mind. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I was about to say something to Grandpa when Gloria grabbed my hand. “Come and get some flowers, today’s gifts, Susie,” she said as she led me toward the counter. “I want you to listen carefully, Susie,” Gloria said to me seriously. “You can’t do that. Your grandfather is very kind. Although his income is small, he has helped many people, including me. Everyone here respects him so much.” I listened carefully. “If you blame him for not tipping enough, it will not only embarrass Grandpa, but also make us sad. Just being nice.” Gloria continued. The words “being nice” played over and over in my mind. I listened to Gloria and stared at those flowers, deep in thought. I seemed to understand what Gloria said. “If you hadn’t appeared in time, I might have made a big mistake. May I have these flowers?” I whispered. “Of course.” she replied, smiling. I took the flowers and went straight to my grandfather, handing them to him with both hands and saying, “Thank you for treating us to a big meal.” Grandpa happily took the flowers and touched my head. Everyone in the restaurant was happy, too. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述周六作者和兄弟Bobby总是帮助爷爷打扫卫生。一次，爷爷带他们去餐厅吃饭。那里的人对爷爷和他们都非常亲切。但在爷爷给小费时，作者发现数额不对，正当作者准备说些什么时， Gloria出现，并借口把作者带到一边。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①根据第一段首句“我正要对爷爷说点什么，这时格洛丽亚抓住了我的手。”可知，下文可描写Gloria告诉作者不能说爷爷小费没给够的原因。 ②根据第二段首句““做个好人”这几个字在我脑海里一遍又一遍地播放。”可知，下文可描写作者听完Gloria话后的反应，以及采取的行动。 2. 续写线索：Gloria将作者带到一边——Gloria说明原因——作者看着花陷入沉思——明白自己差点犯错——把花送给爷爷并表示感谢——众人反应 3. 词类激活 行为类 ①帮助：help/assist ②出现：appear/show up/turn up 情绪类 ①开心的：happy/pleased/delighted ②伤心：sad/feel down 【点睛】【高分句型1】Although his income is small, he has helped many people, including me. （运用了although引导的让步状语从句） 【高分句型2】I seemed to understand what Gloria said.（运用了what引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型3】I took the flowers and went straight to my grandfather, handing them to him with both hands and saying, “Thank you for treating us to a big meal.”（运用了现在分词作状语） 1—5 AAACB 6—10 BACAC 11—15 BACBB 16—20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高二下学期期末学业质量监测 英语 考生注意： 1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C。 1. Why do the speakers line up? A. To buy some food. B. To buy some water. C. To get into the cinema. 2. Where does Nancy want to take the customers? A. The art museum. B. The opera hall. C. The history museum. 3. What color coat does the man recommend? A. White. B. Pink. C. Green. 4. Who is the man most probably talking to? A. A student. B. A policewoman. C. A dentist. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Their dog. B. The weather. C. Their house. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. When will the man meet Tony on Saturday? A. At 9 : 00 am. B. At 1 : 00 pm. C. At 4 : 00 pm. 7. What will the speakers do at the Jungle Cafe? A. Have breakfast. B. Have lunch. C. Have afternoon tea. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is wrong with the woman's mother? A. She has forgotten to shop. B. She has no place to live. C. She has heart disease. 9. What does the woman plan to do tomorrow? A. Go shopping. B. See a doctor. C. Have a meeting. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Good friends. B. Husband and wife. C. Boss and employee. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Who does Andy want to send a gift to? A His mother. B. His aunt. C. His sister. 12. How much will Andy spend on the scarf? A. $30. B. $40. C. $50. 13. What does Alice offer to do in the end? A. Post the scarf for Andy. B. Lend Andy some money. C. Go shopping with Andy. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How long is Mr. White 's vacation? A. About four days. B. About a week. C. About a month. 15. What is the woman? A A teacher. B. A travel agent. C. A lawyer. 16. What do we know about the Malaysian Airways flight? A. It departs at 6 : 30 pm. B. It lasts for 7 hours. C. It is a non-stop flight. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What did the speaker's friend think of Wild Ways? A. It was boring. B. It was attractive. C. It was expensive. 18. What appealed to the speaker most about the book? A. The historical knowledge. B. The leading character. C. The brief description. 19. Who wrote the book? A. Harry Kevin. B. William Baker. C. Margaret Emerson. 20. What does the speaker say about the book? A. It's hard to understand. B. It will gain recognition. C. It sells at a discount. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Automation has pioneered innovation, your phone is probably in your pocket or your hands at all times, and it’s easier now, more than ever, to communicate with anyone in the world. Technology is everywhere these days. What are your thoughts on technology, social media, or your phone? Do you feel excited every time you get a message, or do you feel trapped by these digital chains? However you feel, we want you to represent technology in artwork — paintings, cutout (剪贴), digital art, photography, etc. You may even see your art work in future issues of our magazine, so keep your eyes wide open! Deadline: June 21, 2024. Rules: ·You must be a teen (aged 13 — 19) with our website account to enter. ·No inappropriate content. ·Submissions must focus on the topic: Technology. Guidelines and Details: ·Your entry must be art work created by yourself for the first time. ·There is no limitation on the number of art work you can submit. How to Submit: ·Submit entries through our website. All entries submitted to us are automatically considered for the contest. See our submission guidelines for more information. ·Submit your work to the appropriate art category. Include “technology” in your submission’s labels. You can do this by using the “additional labels” field in your submission form. Prizes: ·The winner and the nominees (被提名者) will have their entries published in our magazine. ·The overall winner will receive a $25 Amazon gift card and also three months’ free access to our magazine. 1. What subject should the entry be related to? A. Collage. B. Photography. C. Technology. D. Communication. 2. Which of the following will result in disqualification? A. A contestant is 16 years old. B. An entry is submitted by post on June 25. C. An entry is created by only one person. D. A contestant submits as many as 20 entries. 3. What benefit will a nominee receive? A. A $25 gift card. B. Free magazine subscriptions. C. A label named after them. D. Having their entries published. B Born in Wales in 1950, Martin Lockley was a pioneer in the study of the dinosaur tracks and footprints preserved in rocks around the world. His work helped his fellow paleontologists (古生物学家) understand what the footprints can tell us about dinosaurs and the world that they lived in. The footprints and tracks left behind by dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals are called trace fossils (痕迹化石). They can offer clues to how quickly an animal walked or ran and even what their skin may have looked like. Compared with the body fossils of bones and teeth, trace fossils contain evidence of the interactions that the animals had with their environment and can describe what the physical environment may have looked like. They offer a more reliable way to imagine the speed of a dinosaur than analyzing the bones. Lockley’s mother and father were nature lovers. Lockley loved to observe nature. His father inspired him to “just go out and observe and trust your observations”, which proved important in Lockley’s launching his future career in dinosaur research. He took that advice with him to Gunnison, southwest of Denver, the United States. While North America is home to some of the largest number of fossil footprints in the world, Lockley’s work with prints and his father’s words took him far and wide. He explored fossil and track sites in China, South Korea, Spain and the United Kingdom. In addition to finding the tracks, Lockley devoted time and energy to preserving these important parts of the fossil record. This includes guiding the politics needed to create UNESCO world heritage sites so that future generations wouldn’t lose out on these precious relics of the past. 4. What can we know about trace fossils? A. They can reflect the then environment. B. They are mainly left by some larger animals. C. They can be easier to preserve than teeth fossils. D. They are as accurate as bone fossils in analyzing animals’ speed. 5. What contributes to Lockley’s beginning his career in dinosaur tracks? A. His family’s tradition. B His father’s encouragement. C. His love for dinosaurs and their footprints. D. His desire to find the largest dinosaur track site. 6. What did Lockley do besides his professional research? A. He explored places of interest around the world. B. He guided fellow paleontologists in their work. C. He conserved and promoted dinosaur track sites. D He educated the next generation of track hunters. 7. Which can best describe Lockley’s work? A. Dangerous. B. Time-consuming. C. Far-reaching. D. Demanding. C Some songs tend to get stuck in our heads more easily than others. When a song becomes super popular, we say it’s “gone viral”. Those words might be more accurate than we ever imagined. David Earn is an applied mathematician. One day, he talked with musician and scientist Matt Woolhouse. Woolhouse found some songs had been downloaded thousands of times over just a few weeks or months. Those patterns looked familiar to Earn, who studies disease epidemics. And those download data resembled the kind of data he saw with disease transmission (传播). They wondered whether that kind of spread from person to person could be how people decide that they like particular songs. Earn had been working with a mathematical model to predict how diseases spread during an epidemic. His team now used the same model with the song data. They looked at the 1,000 most downloaded songs in the United Kingdom, dividing them by type. For popular songs, downloads increased rapidly over time, much like a contagious (传染性的) disease infecting a group of susceptible people. Some types were more contagious than others, the team reported in 2023. “The group of people who connect and like folk music isn’t the same as the group of people who like heavy metal or dance music. They’re different social groups,” Earn says. “And some of those social groups are much more likely to share things quickly.” Surprisingly, pop music wasn’t the most contagious. It spread, but not as quickly as some other types. Electronic music, on the other hand, was super contagious. Earn thinks these listeners are probably super connected on the web and share things more than people who prefer other types of music. “We think of contagion as a strictly negative thing,” Earn says. “But that same process of contagion functions for other things in life,” he now concludes, “like sharing favorite songs with your closest friends.” 8. Why did Earn and his team conduct their research? A. To analyze the pattern of song spread. B. To investigate the ways songs are grouped. C. To count the times that the songs were downloaded. D. To study the characters of the people who downloaded songs. 9. What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 4 mean? A. With a strong will. B. Preferring new ideas. C. Sticking to traditions. D. Likely to be influenced. 10. Why does electronic music spread quicker? A. Electronic music covers all music types. B. Its fans are skillful at surfing the Internet. C. Electronic music can impress people easily. D. Its lovers like sharing things with others better. 11. What can be the best title for the text? A. Contagion of Music B. Music Spreads Online Wildly C. How a Song Becomes Attractive D. Frequency of Downloading Songs D The first U. S. cookbook was published in 1796, and since then, they have provided insight into different times in American history. Cookbooks tell us what foods were available during the period the books were written. If you see a lot of recipes for things that are preserved for pickles (腌菜), you know that you’re looking at a time without refrigeration. In the late 1860s, many recipes started paying more attention to food bacteria concerns and healthy-seeming foods, reflecting society’s growing knowledge of both subjects. Cookbooks show that meal planning changed in the 1930s, when refrigerators became more common in American homes. Early cookbooks were also lifestyle guides. So, there were not only some recipes for food, but recipes for a cleaning solvent (溶剂) or what to do when your child were poisoned, how to clean, and how to get spots out. Cookbooks became more diversified and regional after the Civil War. Southern writers and some Northern writers, began publishing cookbooks in an attempt to memorialize, and beautify, the American South. They became very successful and they really helped to develop a sense of what southern hospitality was. Community cookbooks, edited by more than one person, often as a fundraiser or for charity, ultimately provide insight into what middle-class Americans were eating at a given time, as well as a statement about neighborhoods and groups. Cookbooks, however, sort of stop being a comprehensive reflection of society now. You really have to think about the publishing world and who it is, where it is, and what it wants. The publishing world doesn’t necessarily have the goal of representing the truth of Americans because it wants to make money. But publishing’s control of the storytelling has loosened. Social media and food blogs have led to the freedom of conversations around food, recipes and cooking, giving consumers more power. But that doesn’t mean that the golden age of cookbooks is over. Cookbooks are still one of the most popular books out there and are purchased regularly. They’re very good to give as gifts. They’re very, very popular because they’re sort of neutral (中立的). And everyone loves a cookbook, especially with beautiful pages. 12. What can we learn from paragraph 2? A. There are always recipes to make pickles in cookbooks. B. Refrigerators first entered American homes in the 1930s. C. People ate more healthy foods in the late 1860s than now. D. The cooking method changes as the equipment improves. 13. What does the fourth paragraph mainly focus on? A. The variety of cookbooks. B. The popularity of cookbooks. C. The limitations of cookbooks. D. The editors of cookbooks. 14. What weakens the power of cookbooks now? A. New media. B. Picky consumers. C. Outdated content. D. Economic downturn. 15. What does the author say about U. S. cookbooks? A. They are all about some recipes for food. B. They are still appealing for their objective description. C. They are the voice of middle-class Americans. D. They are purchased more easily online now. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Staying motivated is key to achieving personal and professional success. However, it’s common to experience waves in motivation levels. To overcome these challenges and maintain a high level of motivation, we’ve compiled practical tips that can help you stay on track and achieve your goals. ＊Set clear and specific goals. Having clear and specific goals is essential for keeping motivated. Define what you want to achieve and break it down into smaller tasks. This way, you’ll have a clear road map. ____16____. ＊Stay inspired with role models. The people you spend time with greatly affect your mindset. Get yourself close to individuals who are supportive, positive, and motivated themselves. ____17____. During challenging times, they can also help you maintain a positive outlook. ＊____18____. Understanding the underlying reasons behind your goals can greatly inspire your motivation. Reflect on why you want to achieve something and how it agrees with your values and wishes. Having a strong sense of purpose will serve as a constant reminder and fuel your determination. ＊Break tasks into manageable parts. ____19____. Break them into manageable parts. And then, focus on one step at a time. This way, you’ll experience a sense of progress, booming your motivation and making the task feel more achievable. ＊Celebrate milestones and progress. Acknowledging your achievements, no matter how small, is key to staying motivated. Celebrate milestones and progress along the way. ____20____. Or you can take a moment to reflect on how far you’ve come. The positive strengthening will keep your motivation levels high. Staying motivated requires intentional effort and self-reflection. With the right strategies, you can overcome obstacles and maintain your drive towards success. A. Find your why B. Pay attention to people around you C. Their energy and encouragement can inspire you D. Overloaded tasks can quickly beat your motivation E. It could be treating yourself to something you enjoy F. Imagine the positive emotions and sense of accomplishment G. It can fuel your motivation as you achieve each milestone 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One evening, a man was injured in an accident and rushed to a hospital. Already in shock, he was found with multiple injuries, ____21____ a critical head injury. Immediate ____22____ was needed to stop the life-threatening situation. At 9:00 pm, the operation started and was supposed to be ____23____ in about two hours. When the doctors were about to sew up the patient’s head at about 10:30 pm, a (n) ____24____ thing happened. The nurse watching the monitor sensed the ____25____ first and called out, “An earthquake.” Yet, the doctors were too ____26____ to notice the situation. After the nurse ____27____, the doctors finally lifted their heads and noticed the danger. Everything in the operation room was ____28____. Yet, if the operation was stopped and the patient’s head was left ____29____ , his life would be endangered. “Calm down! Calm down!” the medical staff _____30_____ each other. At the same time, after_____31_____ all related equipment, they decided to continue. However, it was getting worse as the operation proceeded, and the nurses had to hold the operation table tightly to _____32_____ it. By virtue of the team’s _____33_____ and excellent professional skills, they completed the high-risk operation _____34_____ before a worse condition may happen. The patient recovered well later. Many people are _____35_____ by the great love and selflessness of the angels in white and show thumbs-up for them. 21. A. seemingly B. especially C. actually D. extremely 22. A. surgery B. relief C. explanation D. delivery 23. A. arranged B. reported C. completed D. improved 24. A. irreplaceable B. familiar C. confusing D. unexpected 25. A. mistake B. abnormality C. behavior D. failure 26. A. scared B. tired C. concentrated D. curious 27. A. repeated B. recalled C. returned D. withdrew 28. A. shaking B. piling C. sinking D. disappearing 29. A. lifted B. open C. covered D. bare 30. A. believed B. comforted C. respected D. promised 31. A. updating B. obtaining C. checking D. tracking 32. A. assess B. repair C. equip D. stabilize 33. A. confidence B. friendliness C. calmness D. independence 34. A. on purpose B. by luck C. for sure D. in time 35. A. touched B. amused C. reminded D. accompanied 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 China plans to expand its space station to six modules(舱)from three in coming years, a researcher at the China Academy of Space Technology said on Wednesday. The space station will play ____36____ important role as “space home port”, ____37____ (provide) an alternative platform for near-Earth missions as the International Space Station (ISS) nears the end of its lifespan(寿命). The ISS ____38____ (expect) to be decommissioned (退役) after 2030. The lifetime of the Chinese space station will be more than 15 years. It is longer than the 10 years the country ____39____ (previous) announced. China’s self-built space station, also ____40____ (know) as Tiangong, or Sky Palace in Chinese, has been ____41____ full operation since late 2022. And it hosts a maximum of three astronaut s at an orbital altitude of up to 450 kilometers. It will have a weight of 180 tonnes after expansion, about 40 percent of the mass of the ISS, ____42____ has been in orbit for over two decades. Regarding the expansion, another module is also in the plan. Other plans, including the development of large space telescopes, 3D printers, intelligent robots ____43____ a warning system, are also underway. Chinese state media said last year that China would be matchless as the ISS was approaching ____44____ (retire), and added that China had been requested by several countries _____45_____ (send) their astronauts to the Chinese station. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华。你的英国网友Peter发来邮件表示他不理解为什么中国人即使天气恶劣也要回家过年。请你给他回封邮件，解答他的疑惑。 注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Peter, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When you find someone made a mistake, which would you choose, being right or being nice? At ages five and eight, Bobby and I would spend our usual Saturday with Grandpa, cleaning his house. Grandpa was only in his late fifties. His own dad had died early, so he didn’t go to school but ran the family farm to raise his family. Because of that, his skills consisted of being able to sign his name, read his grandchildren’s names, and do simple sums in his head. Then I didn’t understand the poverty and limited opportunities Grandpa lived with. A little food was the only items in his small refrigerator. He worked as a night guard for several companies, and the highlight of his week was the reward he gave my brother and me for cleaning. After we were done, Grandpa would put on his only suit, and we’d head to town. As we walked, Grandpa would greet every person he met along the way. Everyone had a story to share, and Grandpa would stand quietly, always smiling, and listen with great appreciation. When we’d finally arrive at Grandpa’s favorite diner, the waitresses would all greet him as a long-lost elder. Bobby and I split an adult plate, and Grandpa either had a cup of soup or a cup of coffee, talking about how well we cleaned his place, telling anyone who would listen every step of every task we accomplished. Every waitress would make sure they came up to say “hi” to Grandpa and congratulate his grandkids on their work. It may have been a diner, but it was our another home. When dinner was over, the waitress would bring the check and slide it over to Grandpa. One day it was Gloria, and like always she bent close to him and told him the amount of the check (knowing that he couldn’t read the paper). Grandpa carefully dug into the pocket and brought out a broken coin purse. He carefully laid out the bills and coins. Then he gave Gloria a very very small tip. I was ashamed that he had got it wrong and that he—we—would be embarrassed. 注意：1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I was about to say something to Grandpa when Gloria grabbed my hand. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The words “being nice” played over and over in my mind. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1—5 AAACB 6—10 BACAC 11—15 BACBB 16—20 CBACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$