（精练册）拓展训练（Word练习）-【卓文中考·加速度】2024年陕西中考英语复习（冀教版）

★拓展训练 编者语：此部分对《陕西省初中学业水平考试例析与指导》书面表达训练示例中“读写综合”题型的设题形式进行针对性训练。 Passage 1[2023广东改编] 人与社会——科学与技术 科普知识：梦 第一节：阅读下面的短文,根据其内容回答问题。 Dreams may make you smart. This was discovered by scientists who do research on dreams. What is a dream exactly? Scientists explain that during sleep time your brain reviews your experiences in the day. It tries to connect your new experiences with the old memories. As your brain connects things, it turns them into a story, and then you get a dream. Dreams may help you deal with worries and fears. What has happened during the day may be painful. While you are sleeping, however, the brain will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space. There the bad memories become less painful. And you will feel better after waking up. Dreams also seem to be able to help you learn. This idea is supported by a study. So scientists advise you not to stay up all night studying, especially when an exam is coming. They say a sweet dream might help you get higher marks. Dreams may make you more creative, too. It was reported that a famous songwriter came up with his best song in a dream, and wrote it down as soon as he woke up. However, dreams alone can’t bring about creativity. In fact, the songwriter spent a lot of time thinking about the song before the dream. In a word, hard work matters more for creativity, though dreams also have a role to play. 1. Who discovered that dreams may make you smart? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2. When does the brain review your experiences in the day? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3. Where will the brain replay the painful memories?　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 4. What might help you get higher marks according to the passage? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5. Which matters more for creativity, hard work or dreams? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 第二节：根据下面的要求写一篇不少于70词的短文。 假设你叫李明,你打算向某英文网站投稿,分享你做过的一个有趣的梦。请你根据以下思维导图内容提示用英文写一篇短文。 注意事项： 1.标题和开头已给出,你只需续写即可（开头不计入总词数）； 2.可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息； 3.书写工整,语言正确,语句通顺,语篇前后连贯且合乎逻辑； 4.不可照抄第一节短文的语句,所写文段中不得出现与你身份相关的真实个人信息。 An Interesting Dream By Li Ming I have an interesting dream to share with you. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Passage 2[2023营口改编] 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 社会热点：网络直播 第一节：阅读下面的短文,根据其内容回答问题。 These days, short videos and live streaming（网络直播） have gotten millions of views online. More and more people create and share short videos on popular apps like Douyin and Kuaishou to show parts of their lives. Using live streaming is popular among the people aged 18 to 35. Even the teachers give lessons by live streaming. Besides leaving reviews on the screen, viewers can also communicate directly with the hosts by buying virtual（虚拟的） gifts such as flowers, toys and cars for them online. The most recent famous example was the Olympic swimmer Fu Yuanhui. She did one-hour live streaming which reached more than 11 million viewers. What’s more, live streaming allows users to communicate with strangers and express themselves. A 19-year-old college student called Nic Li says she spends three to four hours each week chatting and singing with viewers through one app called Ingkee. “Sometimes I feel lonely and want to talk to people,” she says, “I feel nice when viewers are paying attention to me.” However, as there are more than 80 apps and 300 websites for live streaming in China, the Internet regulator（监管机构） almost can’t monitor the content（内容） all the time. “We support the use of live streaming. But people should be aware of the two sides of it,” one of the officials said. 1. What do more and more people show by sharing videos on apps? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2. How do viewers communicate with the hosts? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3. Why is Nic Li’s example mentioned? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 4. It isn’t difficult for the Internet regulator to monitor the content all the time, is it? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5. What should people be aware of when using live streaming? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 第二节：根据下面的要求写一篇不少于70词的短文。 目前,直播购物已经成为当前网络消费的重要途径。越来越多的人加入直播购物的队伍。请就此现象写一篇英语短文,谈谈你的看法。 内容要点： 1.指出越来越多的人通过直播购物这一现象； 2.分析发生此现象的原因以及你的看法。 参考词汇： live-stream sale（直播带货）, live-stream shopping（直播购物）, phenomenon（现象）, anchor（主播） 注意事项： 1.必须包含内容要点中的内容,参考词汇可自由取舍； 2.书写工整,语言正确,语句通顺,语篇前后连贯且合乎逻辑； 3.不可照抄第一节短文的语句,所写文段中不得出现与你身份相关的真实个人信息。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Passage 3 人与社会——历史、社会与文化 中华文化：兔子在中华文化中的意义 第一节：阅读下面的短文,根据其内容回答问题。 2023 is the Year of the Rabbit. The Chinese Zodiac（中国生肖） has twelve animals, which come in the order of Rat, Ox, Tiger, Rabbit, Dragon, Snake, Horse, Goat, Monkey, Rooster, Dog and Pig. The rabbit plays an important role in traditional Chinese culture. Ancient Chinese believed that there was a rabbit living on the moon. And they could see 　it　 on the shiny full moon at the Mid-Autumn Festival. It was grinding（磨碎） medicine there. People believed it could bring health to them. So the rabbit with white fur is a symbol of a long life. The success of the Apollo Program proved the rabbit had never lived on the moon, but its lucky meaning has never disappeared. Besides, Chinese people also think the rabbit is very quick and clever. There are many idioms（成语） describing its quickness and cleverness. Here are three examples： Jiao Tu San Ku： A clever rabbit always has several places to hide. It can protect the rabbit from being found by the enemies of it. Dong Ru Tuo Tu： Be able to move as quickly and easily as a rabbit that has broken loose. It is used to describe quick movements. Wu Fei Tu Zou： Time travels so fast, just like how the crow（the sun） and the rabbit（the moon） travel every day. It shows time flies. The rabbit is really an animal with many cultural meanings, isn’t it? 1. How many animals are there in the Chinese Zodiac? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2. What is the symbol of a rabbit with white fur? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3. What do these three idioms describe? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 4. What does the underlined word “it” refer to? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5. What does the idiom Wu Fei Tu Zou tell us? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 第二节：根据下面的要求写一篇不少于70词的短文。 假如你是李华,你的英国笔友Peter对中国传统文化很感兴趣。他听说中国成语（Chinese idioms）背后往往有着一个有趣的故事,想要了解更多。请用英语给他写一封邮件,介绍一个你所熟知的成语（可直接用拼音表示）。 要点提示： 1.What is the Chinese idiom you want to share with him? What does it mean? 2.What is the story behind the idiom? 3.Why is Chinese idiom important? 参考词汇： Waiting for a Hare（Shou Zhu Dai Tu）, bump into（撞上）, stump（树桩）, crop（庄稼）, embody（体现） 注意事项： 1.开头和结尾已给出,你只需续写即可（开头和结尾不计入总词数）； 2.必须包含要点提示中的内容,参考词汇可自由取舍； 3.书写工整,语言正确,语句通顺,语篇前后连贯且合乎逻辑； 4.不可照抄第一节短文的语句,所写文段中不得出现与你身份相关的真实个人信息。 Dear Peter, I’m glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture. As you know, Chinese idiom plays an important role in our culture. Now I would like to introduce to you an idiom： 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 Yours, Li Hua Passage 4 人与社会——文学、艺术与体育 文学作家：余光中 第一节：阅读下面的短文,根据其内容回答问题。 Yu Guangzhong was a great Chinese poet known for the nostalgia（乡愁） that he described in his poems. Now, it’s time for us to express our nostalgia for this great writer. The famous poet passed away in 2017. He was born in 1928 in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China. Yu studied in Sichuan Province when he was young. At the age of 20, he published his first poem. Later, Yu and his family moved to Taiwan, China. He lived and worked there until he passed away. Nostalgia is Yu’s masterpiece（杰作） in which he expressed his homesickness（思乡） for the Chinese mainland when he was in Taiwan. Now, let’s read the poem Nostalgia. Nostalgia ——Yu Guangzhong When I was young, Nostalgia was a tiny, tiny stamp, Me on this side, Mother on the other side. When I grew up, Nostalgia was a narrow boat ticket, Me on this side, Bride on the other side. But later on, Nostalgia was a low, low grave, Me on the outside, Mother on the inside. And at present, Nostalgia becomes a shallow strait, Me on this side, Mainland on the other side. 1. Where was Yu Guangzhong born? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2. When did Yu publish his first poem? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3. What is the name of Yu’s masterpiece according to the passage? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 4. What can we learn from the poem Nostalgia? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5. Which English word in the poem means “海峡”? 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 第二节：根据下面的要求写一篇不少于70词的短文。 向世界传递中国文化,让世界倾听中国声音。近期,我市将面向全体学生举办“用英语讲好中国故事”的爱国主义主题展示活动。假如你是李华,想参加此次活动,请根据以下信息,向负责本次活动的英语老师Mr. Yang写一封自荐信,表达你的个人优势以及对参加活动的期待。 要点提示： 1. Briefly introduce yourself. 2. Why do you want to take part in the activity? 3. What do you hope to gain from the activity? 注意事项： 1.开头和结尾已给出,你只需续写即可（开头和结尾不计入总词数）； 2.必须包含要点提示中的内容； 3.书写工整,语言正确,语句通顺,语篇前后连贯且合乎逻辑； 4.不可照抄第一节短文的语句,所写文段中不得出现与你身份相关的真实个人信息。 Dear Mr. Yang, I’m excited to hear that our city will hold the activity “Telling Chinese Stories in English”. I really want to take part in it. 　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 I expect that you can give me this chance to show myself and I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 答案： Passage 1 第一节： 1. Scientists who do research on dreams （discovered it）.　2.It reviews my experiences during sleep time.　3.It will replay the painful memories in a safe dream space.　4.A sweet dream might help.　5.Hard work （matters more for creativity）. 第二节： An Interesting Dream By Li Ming I have an interesting dream to share with you. 　In my dream, I became a scientist. The reason why I had this dream may because I participated in Science Week activities. It had a positive impact on me, as it made me more interested in science.　 　In my dream, I was conducting experiments in a laboratory and discovering new things that could help improve the world. Although it was just a dream, it has inspired me to pursue a career in science and make a difference in the world. I am grateful for the Science Week events for sparking my interest in this field.　 Passage 2 第一节： 1.They show parts of their lives.　2.By leaving reviews on the screen and buying virtual gifts.　3.To show that live streaming allows users to communicate with strangers and express themselves.　4.Yes, it is.　5.People should be aware of the two sides of it. 第二节： 　With the popularity of live-stream sales, more and more people fall in love with live-stream shopping. There are many reasons for the phenomenon.　 　For one thing, compared with ordinary online shopping, live-stream platforms offer not only lower prices but also a more attractive shopping experience. For another, many people enjoy communicating with the anchors, especially when they are their role models.　 　In my opinion, it is acceptable for people to turn to live-stream shopping as long as they think twice before clicking the mouse.　 Passage 3 第一节： 1.Twelve./12.　2.A long life.　3.They describe the rabbit’s quickness and cleverness.　4.The rabbit.　5.It tells us that time flies. 第二节： Dear Peter, I’m glad to know that you are interested in traditional Chinese culture. As you know, Chinese idiom plays an important role in our culture. Now I would like to introduce to you an idiom： 　Waiting for a Hare.　 　One day, while the farmer was working in the fields, a hare ran so fast that it bumped into the tree stump and died. The farmer was very happy to take the hare home and cooked a delicious meal. From then on, he didn’t work anymore. He waited near the tree stump for hares day after day until he was dying. Also, the crops in the fields all died because of lack of care.　 　This idiom means that we should not always depend on good luck. The past experience doesn’t always work. Never expect to gain without working.　 　In a word, Chinese idioms are very important because they stand for the wisdom of life of the Chinese nation. And we can learn a lot from them.　 Yours, Li Hua Passage 4 第一节： 1.He was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.　2.At the age of 20/twenty.　3.It is Nostalgia.　4.Yu Guangzhong missed his family and homeland a lot.　5.It’s “strait”. 第二节： Dear Mr. Yang, I’m excited to hear that our city will hold the activity “Telling Chinese Stories in English”. I really want to take part in it. 　It’s my great honor to introduce myself. I’m a boy from Class One, Grade Nine. My name is Li Hua and I’m 15 years old. I’m an outgoing boy. I have many hobbies, especially reading. I have read a lot of classics on Chinese history, so I’m familiar with Chinese history and culture.　 　I want to take part in the activity because it is very meaningful. I can build up my cultural confidence through the activity. Besides, I will feel proud that the world knows more about China through my efforts.　 I expect that you can give me this chance to show myself and I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$