精品解析：广东省江门市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末调研模拟英语试题

江门市2024年普通高中高一下学期期末调研模拟试题 英 语 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必把自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 2．做选择题时，必须用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3．非选择题必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔，将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4．所有题目必须在答题卡上指定位置作答，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共11小题，每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are many exciting projects at Science Buddies for students. If you are interested in plants, farming, water recycling and food science, you may enjoy the hands-on projects below. Project A: Sweet Potato Plants Time required: Long (1+months) Cost: Low (under $20) Do you enjoy eating sweet potatoes? They can be served as yummy snacks like mashed sweet potatoes with butter or golden-brown sweet potato fries. Do you want to grow your sweet potato plants and make tasty snacks at your will? In this science project, you will learn what part of the sweet potatoes is needed to grow the plants and how to make your own snacks. Project B: Rooftop Gardens Time required: Short (2—5 days) Cost: Medium ($20—$50) Would you like some sky vegetables for dinner? How about some fresh-cut roof flowers to put in vases in your house? Around the world, rooftops are being turned into beautiful green space which takes in CO₂ while releasing fresh air. Besides, rooftop gardens also keep your house cooler and lower your energy bill. Try this science project to find out. Project C: Recycling Greywater Cost: Medium ($20—$50) Time required: Long (1+months) One way to conserve water is to find safe ways to use it more than once. Here is a project to test whether greywater (water that has been used for washing or bathing) can be used for watering plants. The goal of this project is to find out the effects of greywater on plant growth and health. It is important to note that used toilet water (blackwater) is absolutely not suitable for re-use It must pass through a water treatment system before being released back into the environment. 1. Students will get ______ if they take part in Sweet Potato Plants. A. fresh air B. delicious snacks C. drinkable water D. healthy vegetables 2. What do Projects B and C have in common? A. Cost. B. Time. C. Goal. D. Method. 3. In which section of the newspaper can we find this passage? A. Sports. B. Agriculture. C. Medicine. D. Fashion. B If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language? According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter density (灰质密度). This is the area of the brain which processes (加工) information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the younger people learn a second language, the greater the effect is. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London (UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was. “Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible.” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.” The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learnt English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists. 4. Why does the writer mention “exercise” in the second paragraph? A. To make people believe language learning is helpful for their health. B. To suggest language learning is also a kind of physical labor. C. To prove that one needs more resources when he/she is learning a language. D. To tell us that learning a language can train your brain effectively. 5. What can we know from the scientific findings? A. The ability of learning a second language is changing all the time. B. The earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is. C. The experience of learning a second language has a bad effect on brain. D. There is no difference between a later second language learner and one without a second language. 6. In the last two paragraphs, the author tries to tell us that ________. A. early learning of a second language helps in studying other subjects B. learning a second language is the same as studying maths C. Italian is the best choice for you as a second language D. you’d better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language 7. What is mainly talked about in this passage? A. Language learning is closely connected with maths study. B. Man has a great ability of learning a second language. C. Studying a foreign language can improve man’s ability to think. D. The study done by the researchers from UCL is failed finally. C In the past several months, Apple, Google and Samsung have all launched their newest smartphones and other products. But in the process, this may also be adding to a growing problem: electronic waste. The limited lifespan of many tech gadgets(设备)has caused the issue of e-waste to increase over the years. “People tend not to realize that all these seemingly insignificant things have a lot of value, especially in large amounts, ”Pascal Leroy, director general of the WEEE Forum, said in a statement How to solve the problems of e-waste is much more than just cleaning out space in your junk drawers. Actually, large amounts of e-waste are shipped to developing countries that lack the power to refuse and safely recycle these imports. The WHO warned that children, with their smaller hands, are often used to deal with mountains of e-waste in developing nations in search of valuable elements such as copper, silver, palladium and so on. The WHO said the health of more than 18 million children are being affected negatively as they are employed in this informal e-waste processing industry. Personally what can you do to reduce the e-waste burden? Find an e-waste disposal(处理) service. The impact of recycling e-waste can be staggering. For every 1 million cellphones that are recycled, 35, 000 pounds of copper, 772 pounds of silver, 75 pounds of gold and 33 pounds of palladium can be recovered. Meanwhile, environmental advocates say the most important step to deal with the mounting e-waste problem is simply to try to use your electronics for as long as possible 8. What might come along with companies launching new e-products? A More electronic waste. B. Few optional tech gadgets. C. Limited lifespan of the devices. D. Important things for consumers. 9. Why are children greatly influenced by e-waste according to the WHO? A. Developed countries can’t recycle e-waste safely. B. E-waste mountains are places for children to play. C. Many valuable elements can be found on e-waste mountains. D. Children are hired in the informal e-waste processing industry. 10. What does the underlined word “staggering” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Interesting. B. Surprising. C. Annoying. D. Challenging. 11 Which of the following may be the best title for the passage? A. What is the source of e-waste? B. E-waste—a serious problem? C. E-waste—a processing industry? D. What to do with your e-waste? 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Create Calm in Your Daily Life Most of us need some space for calm in our lives. A few simple minutes can create much needed moments of calm.____12____ You can use these skills to create calm in your busy schedule. Go walking. Walking is perfect and you can do it well anywhere. Simply walking and taking in the view is stress reducing. ____13____ It makes room for new ideas to take root. Appreciate nature. When we think of nature we think of getting out into the open air, and that’s great if you can. ____14____ Actually , nature is everywhere. Find a park or a small patch (小块地) of great green, or just stick your head out of the window! You have many ways to appreciate nature. Listen to music. Many people listen to music to calm themselves down. Music actually lifts us out of ourselves. Discover what music works for you. ___15___. Do some activities. Certain activities like yoga and tai chi need quiet focus. ____16____ They are good for the body, mind and spirit. Classes are a good place to begin, but once you learn the skills, you can practice anywhere: home, school or even on the road. Try out some of these ways and you’ll soon be practicing “moments of calm”. A. But what if you are in the city? B. Notice the animals around you. C. They are perfect for active calming. D. Music is a way to express the way that they are feeling. E. It’s a time to get stressful thoughts out of your head. F. With enjoyable music even work can be “music to your ears”. G. You don’t have to find a mountain to sit on, or empty your mind of all thoughts for hours. 第三部分 完形填空 (共 15 题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Fighting for country and Beethoven Sgt. Jacob Kohut finally had some downtime during his 12-hour shift standing guard. He could have spent his lone break____17____. Instead, he sat in the____18____ of a Humvee, flute in hand, teaching students via his laptop____19____ to play Beethoven’s “Ode to Joy.” Kohut has been in the military for 11 years. He also has been a band teacher for more than a decade, and for the past five years, he’s ____20____ music at two Fairfax County schools. When he was called up for____21____, “my first thought was, what about my kids?” says Kohut. “The last thing these students need is a____22____ in their teaching.” When on duty, Kohut’s days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely, ____23____ the lesson mere minutes before his Guard shift started at 10 am. Later in the day, during his break, he would go____24____ to teach his middle school students from the back of a Humvee. Music has always been a driving force in Kohut’s life. He was a(n) ____25____ saxophone player throughout high school, studied music in college, and ultimately earned his doctorate in music composition. “What I really wanted was to_____26_____,” Says Kohut. “My mom, a single mother, was a music teacher. She was such a good role model.” Kohut’s _____27_____ duty has caught the attention of parents at Canterbury Woods Elementary. “I just wanted to share how_____28_____ I am with Dr. Kohut this week,” Susi Brittain wrote in an e-mail to Leipzig. “what he did seems so _____29_____ the expectations of a teacher in these circumstances.” Kohut insists he is not doing anything extraordinary. But during the long and sometimes stressful hours of standing guard, Kohut said his teaching time offers_____30_____. “It brings about unity and_____31_____,” he says. “And that’s what the world needs right now.” 17. A. napping B. talking C. eating D. cooking 18. A. front B. seat C. back D. end 19. A. what B. how C. when D. where 20. A. taught B. learned C. played D. exercised 21. A. rights B. obligation C. army D. duty 22. A. disruption B. burden C. opinion D. action 23. A. interrupting B. finishing C. starting D. inserting 24. A. inside B. outside C. online D. offline 25. A. enthusiastic B. basic C. standard D. usual 26. A. study B. teach C. show D. perform 27. A. daily B. common C. double D. single 28. A. interested B. connected C. concerned D. impressed 29. A. beyond B. within C. against D. below 30. A. gratitude B. money C. comfort D. sadness 31. A. appreciation B. peace C. music D. teamwork 第四部分 单项选择 (共 10 题;每小题1分，满分10分) 32. (2013·高考陕西卷)The witnesses________by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned 33. The problem which he met in the new school is quite________to him. A. puzzled B. to puzzle C. puzzling D. have puzzled 34. ________ homework, he went out to play basketball. A. Finishing B. To finish C. Finished D. Having finished 35. As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain ________. A. by design B. by accident C. by nature D. by contrast 36. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if________out regularly, can improve our health. A carrying B. being carried C. was carried D. carried 37. A: The doorbell rings. I wonder who that is. B: It________be Tony. He’s still in the library at this moment. A. may B. can’t C. must D. should 38. Mary missed the school bus. That was ________ she got up late. A. why B. as C. because D. since 39. Pollution and global warming will ________ a series of problems if we don’t take effective measures. A. set off B. carry through C. bring about D. figure out 40. When________the meeting hasn’t been decided. A. to hold B. holding C. held D. having held 41. I’ve never heard of the things and the people ________ you talked about just now. A. who B. which C. when D. that 第五部分 语义匹配 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出划线词的同义词。 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出划线词的同义词。 Yesterday I went to the Potatso National Park. The park covers such a wide area that the admission ticket for the park ____42____ includes a bus tour, as it is the only way to see all the major ____43____ sites in one day. Just to give you an idea of how large the place is, imagine a park that ____44____ spans across vast forests, wetlands, lakes, meadows, and several villages! On the bus, I made friends with the passengers around me, and they said that I had ____45____ definitely picked the right season to visit the park. The autumn ____46____ scenery, they said, would be absolutely picture-perfect. 42. A. responds B. consumes C. contains D. folds 43. A. poisons B. operations C. signals D. spots 44. A. stretches B. marches C. crawls D. walks 45. A. certainly B. deeply C. slightly D. immediately 46. A. ceremony B. landscape C. harvest D. position 第六部分 课文填空(共20小题;每题0.5分，满分10分) Passage 1 课文填空 The four countries that____47____to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known___48___the Union Jack, as well as share the___49___currency and military_____50_____. Passage 2 课文填空 Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide____51____of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religious, famous____52____, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms.___53___, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing____54____, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. Passage 3 课文填空 This evening, I went to Chinatown. There were so many good cafes and restaurants to choose____55____. I_____56_____a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful_______57_______plates. What great food! That’s enough for today. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to a jazz____58____in the Richmond District. Can’t wait! Passage 4 课文填空 These disasters made everyone sad and____59____, but the___60___to explore the universe never died. This is_____61_____people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge___62___. Passage 5 课文填空 In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional____63____treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and ____64____280,000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380____65____ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight____66____malaria. 第七部分 语法填空(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This year’s winter has proven an important season for Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, as interest _____67_____ the icy destination greatly increased after social media posts showed many citizens from the _____68_____ (warm) south flooding into the snowy city. It _____69_____ (welcome) nearly 3.05 million visitors, taking in $832.39 million of tourism revenue (收入), during the three-day New Year holiday. To facilitate the consumption of Harbin’s popular frozen pears, the city has even introduced frozen pear plates, making _____70_____ easier for tourists to enjoy the delicacy. Moreover, _____71_____ (attract) more tourists and improve overall services, Harbin has rolled out a _____72_____ (vary) of activities, including live performances on New Year’s Eve, firework displays, theme parks, intangible heritage culture shows and concerts. A series of _____73_____ (measure) have also been introduced to enhance the visitor experience in Harbin, covering areas such as dining, accommodation, travel, shopping and entertainment. It is these careful and considerate details _____74_____ make sure that tourists feel warmly embraced, cared for and respected. Consequently, their positive experiences are _____75_____ (wide) shared on the internet, ______76______ (contribute) to Harbin’s “internet celebrity” city status. 第八部分 单句填空(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分) 根据首字母及中文提示，拼写出适当的单词。 77. Dr. Zhong was awarded for those great a________ (成就) made by him. (根据中英文提示填空) 78. The boy performing on the s_________(舞台) was a little bit nervous. (根据中英文提示填空) 79. They will campaign for r (尊重) for aboriginal rights and customs. (根据中英文提示填空) 80. In my opinion, we should stress the education of Chinese traditional v________ (美德). (根据中英文提示填空) 81. He a________ (承认) to us that he had broken the window accidentally. (根据中英文提示填空) 82. China became the third country in the world to i________ (独立地) send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. (根据中英文提示填空) 83. She h________ (犹豫) slightly before answering the inspector’s question. (根据中英文提示填空) 84. She can draw a c________ (结论) from her own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed. (根据中英文提示填空) 85. Although the scientists e________ (遇到) various difficulties in the experiment, they never gave up. (根据中英文提示填空) 86. When taken to the police station for questioning, the man said, “I have never c________ (犯罪) any crime.” (根据中英文提示填空) 第九部分 完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据中文意思按要求完成下列句子。每题不超过5个词。 87. After submitting the application for six months, he finally ___________________ (获得了发明专利). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 88. To a person ________________ (没有什么比……更加珍贵) their life. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 89. She ________________ (下定决心减肥) successfully last week. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 90. Every year, people celebrate the National Day with a variety of activities, ________________ flag-raising ceremony ________________(从升旗仪式到烟花表演). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 91. After Shenzhen became a special economic zone in 1980, people from all over China went to the city ___________________________________ (去寻找成功致富之路).(根据汉语提示完成句子) 第十部分 应用文写作(满分15分) 92. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Johnson来信，让你介绍一位你最崇拜的中国科学家。请你按照以下提示，给他写一份信： 1. 介绍最崇拜科学家的名字及职务； 2. 介绍他的主要经历； 3. 表达自己对他的看法。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Johnson, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江门市2024年普通高中高一下学期期末调研模拟试题 英 语 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必把自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡相应的位置上。 2．做选择题时，必须用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3．非选择题必须使用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔，将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 4．所有题目必须在答题卡上指定位置作答，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 5. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节 (共11小题，每小题2.5分，满分27.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A There are many exciting projects at Science Buddies for students. If you are interested in plants, farming, water recycling and food science, you may enjoy the hands-on projects below. Project A: Sweet Potato Plants Time required: Long (1+months) Cost: Low (under $20) Do you enjoy eating sweet potatoes? They can be served as yummy snacks like mashed sweet potatoes with butter or golden-brown sweet potato fries. Do you want to grow your sweet potato plants and make tasty snacks at your will? In this science project, you will learn what part of the sweet potatoes is needed to grow the plants and how to make your own snacks. Project B: Rooftop Gardens Time required: Short (2—5 days) Cost: Medium ($20—$50) Would you like some sky vegetables for dinner? How about some fresh-cut roof flowers to put in vases in your house? Around the world, rooftops are being turned into beautiful green space which takes in CO₂ while releasing fresh air. Besides, rooftop gardens also keep your house cooler and lower your energy bill. Try this science project to find out. Project C: Recycling Greywater Cost: Medium ($20—$50) Time required: Long (1+months) One way to conserve water is to find safe ways to use it more than once. Here is a project to test whether greywater (water that has been used for washing or bathing) can be used for watering plants. The goal of this project is to find out the effects of greywater on plant growth and health. It is important to note that used toilet water (blackwater) is absolutely not suitable for re-use. It must pass through a water treatment system before being released back into the environment. 1. Students will get ______ if they take part in Sweet Potato Plants. A. fresh air B. delicious snacks C. drinkable water D. healthy vegetables 2. What do Projects B and C have in common? A. Cost. B. Time. C. Goal. D. Method. 3. In which section of the newspaper can we find this passage? A. Sports. B. Agriculture. C. Medicine. D. Fashion. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Science Buddies为学生提供了一些适合学生动手的科学项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Sweet Potato Plants”部分中的“Do you want to grow your sweet potato plants and make tasty snacks at your will? In this science project, you will learn what part of the sweet potatoes is needed to grow the plants and how to make your own snacks.(你想随心所欲地种植红薯并制作美味的小吃吗？在这个科学项目中，你将了解到种植红薯需要红薯的哪一部分，以及如何制作自己的零食。)”可知，在这个项目中，你将会学会如何制作零食。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Project B: Rooftop Gardens”部分中的“Cost: Medium ($20—$50)(费用：中等($20 - $50))”以及文章“Project C: Recycling Greywater”部分中的“Cost: Medium ($20—$50)(费用：中等($20 - $50))”可知，这两个项目的费用是一样的。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“There are many exciting projects at Science Buddies for students. If you are interested in plants, farming, water recycling and food science, you may enjoy the hands-on projects below.( Science Buddies为学生提供了许多令人兴奋的项目。如果你对植物、农业、水循环和食品科学感兴趣，你可能会喜欢下面的动手项目。)”可知，该文章选自报纸的农学部分。故选B。 B If English means endless new words, difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation, you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language? According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter density (灰质密度). This is the area of the brain which processes (加工) information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles. The study also found the younger people learn a second language, the greater the effect is. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli, from University College London (UCL), took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five, as well as a number of later learners. Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was. “Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists. It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn. Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible.” he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.” The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learnt English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading, writing, and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,” explained the scientists. 4. Why does the writer mention “exercise” in the second paragraph? A. To make people believe language learning is helpful for their health. B. To suggest language learning is also a kind of physical labor. C. To prove that one needs more resources when he/she is learning a language. D. To tell us that learning a language can train your brain effectively. 5. What can we know from the scientific findings? A. The ability of learning a second language is changing all the time. B. The earlier you start to learn a second language, the higher the grey matter density is. C. The experience of learning a second language has a bad effect on brain. D. There is no difference between a later second language learner and one without a second language. 6. In the last two paragraphs, the author tries to tell us that ________. A. early learning of a second language helps in studying other subjects B. learning a second language is the same as studying maths C. Italian is the best choice for you as a second language D. you’d better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language 7. What is mainly talked about in this passage? A. Language learning is closely connected with maths study. B. Man has a great ability of learning a second language. C. Studying a foreign language can improve man’s ability to think. D. The study done by the researchers from UCL is failed finally. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一项新研究表明，学习新语言会增加大脑的灰质密度，让人变得更聪明，而且越早学习新语言，这种效果就越好。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“According to a new study by a British university, learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter density(灰质密度). This is the area of the brain which processes(加工) information.(根据英国一所大学的一项新研究，学习第二语言可以提高你的脑力。研究人员发现，学习其他语言会改变灰质密度。这是大脑中处理信息的区域。)”可知，一项新研究发现学习新语言可以提高脑力，改变大脑的灰质密度，接着“It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.(这与锻炼增加肌肉的方式相似。)”提到学习新语言提高脑力与锻炼增加肌肉的方式相似，结合常识可知，锻炼时会通过各种运动来活动肌肉，让肌肉变得更强大，由此可推测出，提到锻炼是为了更好地说明学习新语言能够有效训练大脑，让头脑变得更灵活。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The study also found the younger people learn a second language, the greater the effect is.(研究还发现，学习第二语言的人越年轻，效果就越大。)”和第四段“Scans showed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference was.(扫描显示，双语者大脑中的灰质密度高于没有学第二语言的人。但一个人在掌握一门新语言之前等待的时间越长，差异就越小。)”可推知，学习第二语言会增加灰质密度，而且越早学习，效果就越好，越晚学习，灰质密度的变化就越小。故选B。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales, has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. ‘Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible.’ he said. ‘You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.’(威尔士大学的Dylan Vaughan Jones教授研究了双语与数学技能之间的联系。他说：‘拥有两种语言可以给你打开两扇世界之窗，让大脑更加灵活。你实际上超越了语言，对不同的想法有了更好的理解。’)”和最后一段中的“The results showed that the younger they started to learn, the better. ‘Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world,’ explained the scientists.(结果表明，他们开始学习的年龄越小越好。科学家们解释说：‘学习一门语言意味着你可以进入另一个世界。’)”可知，威尔士大学的Dylan Vaughan Jones教授研究双语与数学技能之间的联系，他认为学习语言可以更好地了解不同的想法；科学家们认为学习语言让人了解另一个世界，而不单单局限于语言方面，而且越早学习，效果就越好。由此可推测出，提早学习第二语言有助于学习其他科目。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，第一段中用问题“Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language?(你没有注意到，自从你开始学习一门语言以来，你变得更聪明了吗？)”引出学习语言会让人变聪明的话题，接下来具体介绍了一项新研究的发现：学习新语言会增加大脑的灰质密度（这是大脑中的信息加工区域），而且越早学习新语言，这种效果就越好。由此可推测出，本文主要讲述的是学习新语言有助于提高人的思维能力。故选C。 C In the past several months, Apple, Google and Samsung have all launched their newest smartphones and other products. But in the process, this may also be adding to a growing problem: electronic waste. The limited lifespan of many tech gadgets(设备)has caused the issue of e-waste to increase over the years. “People tend not to realize that all these seemingly insignificant things have a lot of value, especially in large amounts, ”Pascal Leroy, director general of the WEEE Forum, said in a statement How to solve the problems of e-waste is much more than just cleaning out space in your junk drawers. Actually, large amounts of e-waste are shipped to developing countries that lack the power to refuse and safely recycle these imports. The WHO warned that children, with their smaller hands, are often used to deal with mountains of e-waste in developing nations in search of valuable elements such as copper, silver, palladium and so on. The WHO said the health of more than 18 million children are being affected negatively as they are employed in this informal e-waste processing industry. Personally, what can you do to reduce the e-waste burden? Find an e-waste disposal(处理) service. The impact of recycling e-waste can be staggering. For every 1 million cellphones that are recycled, 35, 000 pounds of copper, 772 pounds of silver, 75 pounds of gold and 33 pounds of palladium can be recovered. Meanwhile, environmental advocates say the most important step to deal with the mounting e-waste problem is simply to try to use your electronics for as long as possible 8. What might come along with companies launching new e-products? A. More electronic waste. B. Few optional tech gadgets. C. Limited lifespan of the devices. D. Important things for consumers. 9. Why are children greatly influenced by e-waste according to the WHO? A. Developed countries can’t recycle e-waste safely. B. E-waste mountains are places for children to play. C. Many valuable elements can be found on e-waste mountains. D. Children are hired in the informal e-waste processing industry. 10. What does the underlined word “staggering” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Interesting. B. Surprising. C. Annoying. D. Challenging. 11. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage? A. What is the source of e-waste? B. E-waste—a serious problem? C. E-waste—a processing industry? D. What to do with your e-waste? 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了电子垃圾污染严重的问题以及处理电子垃圾的方法。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In the past several months, Apple, Google and Samsung have all launched their newest smartphones and other products. But in the process, this may also be adding to a growing problem: electronic waste.”（在过去的几个月里，苹果、谷歌和三星都推出了他们最新的智能手机和其他产品。但在这个过程中，这也可能加剧一个日益严重的问题:电子垃圾）可知，公司推出新的电子产品会产生电子垃圾。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The WHO said the health of more than 18 million children are being affected negatively as they are employed in this informal e-waste processing industry.”（世界卫生组织表示，超过1800万儿童的健康受到了负面影响，因为他们受雇于这个非正规的电子垃圾处理行业）可知，根据世界卫生组织的说法，儿童会受到电子垃圾的巨大影响是因为儿童被雇佣在非正规的电子垃圾处理行业。故选D项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后“For every 1 million cellphones that are recycled, 35, 000 pounds of copper, 772 pounds of silver, 75 pounds of gold and 33 pounds of palladium can be recovered.”（每回收100万部手机，就能回收35000磅铜、772磅银、75磅黄金和33磅钯）可知，回收电子垃圾的影响可能是惊人的。所以划线词的意思是“令人惊讶的”。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In the past several months, Apple, Google and Samsung have all launched their newest smartphones and other products. But in the process, this may also be adding to a growing problem: electronic waste.”（在过去的几个月里，苹果、谷歌和三星都推出了他们最新的智能手机和其他产品。但在这个过程中，这也可能加剧一个日益严重的问题:电子垃圾）；根据第三段“How to solve the problems of e-waste is much more than just cleaning out space in your junk drawers.”（如何解决电子垃圾的问题不仅仅是清理你的垃圾箱的空间。）；根据最后一段“Meanwhile, environmental advocates say the most important step to deal with the mounting e-waste problem is simply to try to use your electronics for as long as possible”（与此同时，环保人士表示，解决日益严重的电子垃圾问题最重要的一步就是尽量长时间地使用电子产品）可知，短文介绍了电子垃圾污染严重的问题以及处理电子垃圾的方法。所以短文的最佳标题为“如何处理你的电子垃圾”。故选D项。 第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ways to Create Calm in Your Daily Life Most of us need some space for calm in our lives. A few simple minutes can create much needed moments of calm.____12____ You can use these skills to create calm in your busy schedule. Go walking. Walking is perfect and you can do it well anywhere. Simply walking and taking in the view is stress reducing. ____13____ It makes room for new ideas to take root. Appreciate nature. When we think of nature we think of getting out into the open air, and that’s great if you can. ____14____ Actually , nature is everywhere. Find a park or a small patch (小块地) of great green, or just stick your head out of the window! You have many ways to appreciate nature. Listen to music. Many people listen to music to calm themselves down. Music actually lifts us out of ourselves. Discover what music works for you. ___15___. Do some activities. Certain activities like yoga and tai chi need quiet focus. ____16____ They are good for the body, mind and spirit. Classes are a good place to begin, but once you learn the skills, you can practice anywhere: home, school or even on the road. Try out some of these ways and you’ll soon be practicing “moments of calm”. A. But what if you are in the city? B. Notice the animals around you. C. They are perfect for active calming. D. Music is a way to express the way that they are feeling. E. It’s a time to get stressful thoughts out of your head. F. With enjoyable music even work can be “music to your ears”. G. You don’t have to find a mountain to sit on, or empty your mind of all thoughts for hours. 【答案】12. G 13. E 14. A 15. F 16. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了繁忙的工作之余我们也需要使自己的心平静，文中告诉了我们几种使自己平静的方法。 【12题详解】 根据上句A few simple minutes can create much needed moments of calm．可知短短几分钟就可以创造我们需要的平静；根据下句You can use these skills to create calm in your busy schedule．可知你可以用下面的方法在繁忙的安排中创造平静。G项：You don't have to find a mountain to sit on，or empty your mind of all thoughts for hours．你不需要坐在山上寻求平静也不需要花几个小时整理思绪，连接上下，故选G。 【13题详解】 根据上句Simply walking and taking in the view is stress reducing．可知简单的散步和看风景就能减轻压力，后面两句均讲这样做的作用。E项：It's a time to get stressful thoughts out of your head．这个时候有压力的想法可以从你的脑海中消失，符合上下文，故选E。 【14题详解】 根据上句When we think of nature we think of getting out into the open，and that's great if you can．可知我们一提到自然就会想到去开阔的地方，空白处提出问题：如果在大城市怎么办？随后总结：自然随处可见。A项连接上下，故选A。 【15题详解】 本段主要讲用听音乐来使自己平静，F项讲音乐的作用，且选项F中出现原词复现。本段将的music，选项F中也提到music，故选F。 【16题详解】 本段讲的是通过某些活动使自己平静。上句提到瑜伽和太极活动，C项They are perfect for active calming中的they指代的是上句提到的瑜伽和太极活动，这两种活动是保持平静的很好的活动，与上句紧密联系，故选C。 第三部分 完形填空 (共 15 题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Fighting for country and Beethoven Sgt. Jacob Kohut finally had some downtime during his 12-hour shift standing guard. He could have spent his lone break____17____. Instead, he sat in the____18____ of a Humvee, flute in hand, teaching students via his laptop____19____ to play Beethoven’s “Ode to Joy.” Kohut has been in the military for 11 years. He also has been a band teacher for more than a decade, and for the past five years, he’s ____20____ music at two Fairfax County schools. When he was called up for____21____, “my first thought was, what about my kids?” says Kohut. “The last thing these students need is a____22____ in their teaching.” When on duty, Kohut’s days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely, ____23____ the lesson mere minutes before his Guard shift started at 10 am. Later in the day, during his break, he would go____24____ to teach his middle school students from the back of a Humvee. Music has always been a driving force in Kohut’s life. He was a(n) ____25____ saxophone player throughout high school, studied music in college, and ultimately earned his doctorate in music composition. “What I really wanted was to_____26_____,” Says Kohut. “My mom, a single mother, was a music teacher. She was such a good role model.” Kohut’s _____27_____ duty has caught the attention of parents at Canterbury Woods Elementary. “I just wanted to share how_____28_____ I am with Dr. Kohut this week,” Susi Brittain wrote in an e-mail to Leipzig. “what he did seems so _____29_____ the expectations of a teacher in these circumstances.” Kohut insists he is not doing anything extraordinary. But during the long and sometimes stressful hours of standing guard, Kohut said his teaching time offers_____30_____. “It brings about unity and_____31_____,” he says. “And that’s what the world needs right now.” 17. A. napping B. talking C. eating D. cooking 18. A. front B. seat C. back D. end 19. A. what B. how C. when D. where 20. A. taught B. learned C. played D. exercised 21. A. rights B. obligation C. army D. duty 22. A. disruption B. burden C. opinion D. action 23. A. interrupting B. finishing C. starting D. inserting 24. A. inside B. outside C. online D. offline 25. A. enthusiastic B. basic C. standard D. usual 26. A. study B. teach C. show D. perform 27. A. daily B. common C. double D. single 28. A. interested B. connected C. concerned D. impressed 29. A. beyond B. within C. against D. below 30. A. gratitude B. money C. comfort D. sadness 31. A. appreciation B. peace C. music D. teamwork 【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Sgt. Jacob Kohut利用在军队值班站岗的休息时间对学生进行在线音乐教学的故事。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他本可以利用这唯一的休息时间打个盹。A. napping打盹；B. talking谈话；C. eating吃；D. cooking烹饪。根据前文“Sgt. Jacob Kohut finally had some downtime during his 12-hour shift standing guard.”可知，他可以用休息时间打个盹，睡一小觉。故选A项。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他坐在一辆悍马车的后座上，手里拿着长笛，通过他的笔记本电脑教学生们如何演奏贝多芬的《欢乐颂》。A. front前面；B. seat座位；C. back后面，后部；D. end末端。根据常识和后文“he would go____8____ to teach his middle school students from the back of a Humvee”可知，他在汽车后座上进行线上音乐教学。故选C项。 【19题详解】 考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. what什么；B. how怎样；C. when何时；D. where何地。根据前文“teaching students”和后文“to play Beethoven’s ‘Ode to Joy”可知，他教学生怎样演奏。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他还担任了十多年的乐队老师，在过去的五年里，他在费尔法克斯县的两所学校教音乐。A. taught教；B. learned学；C. played玩；D. exercised锻炼。根据前文“teaching students”和后文“music at two Fairfax County schools”可知，他还在学校教音乐。故选A项。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他被叫去值班时，“我的第一个想法是，我的孩子怎么办？” Kohut说。A. rights权利；B. obligation义务；C. army军队；D. duty任务，义务。根据前文“Kohut has been in the military for 11 years.”和后文“When on duty, Kohut’s days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely”可知，他需要去军队值班。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些学生最不希望看到的就是教学中断。A. disruption中断，扰乱；B. burden负担；C. opinion意见；D. action行动。根据前文“When he was called up for____5____”可知，他要去军队值班，所以音乐课需要中断。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当值班时，Kohut的一天从早上开始，远程教授他的初级课程，在上午10点开始值班前几分钟就结束了课程。A. interrupting打断；B. finishing完成；C. starting开始；D. inserting插入。根据语境和后文“mere minutes before his Guard shift started at 10 am”可知，他需要去值班站岗，所以在值班前结束课程。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当天晚些时候，在他休息的时候，他会在一辆悍马车的后面上网教他的中学生。A. inside内部；B. outside外部；C. online在线；D. offline离线。根据前文“teaching students via his laptop____3____ to play Beethoven’s ‘Ode to Joy’”可知，他用手提电脑进行线上教学。故选C项。 25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在整个高中时期都是一名热情的萨克斯管演奏家，在大学学习音乐，最终获得了音乐作曲博士学位。A. enthusiastic热情的；B. basic基本的；C. standard标准的；D. usual通常的。根据前文“Music has always been a driving force in Kohut’s life.”可知，他热爱音乐，所以对演奏萨克斯有热情。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我真正想做的是教学，” Kohut说。A. study学习，研究；B. teach教；C. show展示；D. perform表现。根据后文“My mom, a single mother, was a music teacher. She was such a good role model.”可知，他要以他作为音乐老师的母亲为榜样，所以他也想做老师。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Kohut的双重职责引起了坎特伯雷森林小学家长们的注意。A. daily每天的；B. common普通的；C. double加倍的，双重的；D. single单一的。根据前文“Kohut has been in the military for 11 years. He also has been a band teacher for more than a decade, and for the past five years, he’s ____4____ music at two Fairfax County schools.”可知，他在军队工作同时又在学校做教师，所以他有双重职责。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Susi Brittain在给莱比锡的一封电子邮件中写道：“我只是想分享我本周对Kohut博士的印象是多么深刻。”A. interested感兴趣的；B. connected有联系的；C. concerned关注的，担心的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据后文“what he did seems so ____13____ the expectations of a teacher in these circumstances.”可知，他的所作所为超出了一名教师的预期，这是他给Susi Brittain留下的深刻印象。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，他的所作所为似乎超出了老师的预期。A. beyond超越；B. within在里面，在内部；C. against反对；D. below在下面。根据前文“When on duty, Kohut’s days began in the morning with teaching his elementary class remotely, ____7____ the lesson mere minutes before his Guard shift started at 10 am. Later in the day, during his break, he would go____8____ to teach his middle school students from the back of a Humvee.”可知，他在值班站岗的休息时间教孩子们音乐，说明他的作为超出了一个普通老师的预期。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Kohut说，在长时间、有时压力很大的站岗期间，他的教学时间给了他安慰。A. gratitude感激；B. money钱；C. comfort舒适，安慰；D. sadness悲伤。根据前文“But during the long and sometimes stressful hours of standing guard”和后文“It brings about unity and____15____”可知，在长时间的有压力的工作之后，音乐教学给了他安慰。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“它带来了团结与和平，”他说。A. appreciation欣赏，感谢；B. peace和平；C. music音乐；D. teamwork团队合作。根据前文“It brings about unity”和后文“that’s what the world needs right now”可知，音乐（教学）能给人带来世界所需要的团结和和平。故选B项。 第四部分 单项选择 (共 10 题;每小题1分，满分10分) 32. (2013·高考陕西卷)The witnesses________by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：刚才被警察询问的目击者对那次打斗的描述截然不同。The witnesses和question是被动关系，所以用过去分词做定语。B项表示正在被询问；C项表示将被询问。故选A。 33. The problem which he met in the new school is quite________to him. A. puzzled B. to puzzle C. puzzling D. have puzzled 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词的用法。句意：他在新学校遇到的问题对他来说是相当令人困惑的。根据主语the problem和空格前的is分析句子可知，空格处应该填入形容词作表语，且意义为“令人困惑的”。故选C。 34. ________ homework, he went out to play basketball. A. Finishing B. To finish C. Finished D. Having finished 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：完成作业后，她就出去打篮球了。句子谓语动词是went out，此处是非谓语动词作状语，finish与主语He之间为主动关系，且finish发生在谓语动词went out之前，故应用现在分词的完成时having finished作状语，故选D。 35. As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain ________. A. by design B. by accident C. by nature D. by contrast 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，我是偶然来到英国的。A. by design故意地；B. by accident意外地；C. by nature天生地；D. by contrast相比之下。结合语境表示“偶然来到英国”。故选B。 36. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if________out regularly, can improve our health. A. carrying B. being carried C. was carried D. carried 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查省略句。句意：实验表明，适量的运动，如果经常进行，可以改善我们的健康。此处为状语从句的省略，从句省略主语和be动词，为被动关系，应用过去分词。故选D。 37. A: The doorbell rings. I wonder who that is. B: It________be Tony. He’s still in the library at this moment. A. may B. can’t C. must D. should 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：A：“门铃响了。我想知道那是谁。”B：“那不可能是Tony。他此刻还在图书馆里。”A. may可能；B. can’t不可能；C. must必须，肯定；D. should应该。根据句意，因为Tony还在图书馆，所以那不可能是他按门铃，故这里需要一个表示否定可能性的情态动词。因此，用can’t。故选B。 38. Mary missed the school bus. That was ________ she got up late. A. why B. as C. because D. since 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：Mary没赶上校车。那是因为她起床晚。A. why为什么；B. as因为，当……；C. because因为；D. since自从，因为。此处意为“因为起床晚了”，从句说明原因，故应用because引导表语从句，故选C。 39. Pollution and global warming will ________ a series of problems if we don’t take effective measures. A. set off B. carry through C. bring about D. figure out 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：如果我们不采取有效的措施，污染和全球变暖会带来一系列的问题。A. set off出发；B. carry through贯彻，坚持到底；C. bring about带来，导致；D. figure out弄清楚。此处意为“污染和气候变化会带来、导致一些列的问题”，故应用bring about，故选C。 40. When________the meeting hasn’t been decided. A. to hold B. holding C. held D. having held 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查疑问词+动词不定式。句意：会议何时举行还未决定。本句为疑问词+动词不定式作主语。故选A项。 41. I’ve never heard of the things and the people ________ you talked about just now. A. who B. which C. when D. that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我从没听说过你刚刚谈的人和事。此处引导定语从句，先行词为the things and the people，既指人又指物，定语从句中缺少宾语，故应用that引导定语从句，故选D。 第五部分 语义匹配 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出划线词的同义词。 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出划线词的同义词。 Yesterday I went to the Potatso National Park. The park covers such a wide area that the admission ticket for the park ____42____ includes a bus tour, as it is the only way to see all the major ____43____ sites in one day. Just to give you an idea of how large the place is, imagine a park that ____44____ spans across vast forests, wetlands, lakes, meadows, and several villages! On the bus, I made friends with the passengers around me, and they said that I had ____45____ definitely picked the right season to visit the park. The autumn ____46____ scenery, they said, would be absolutely picture-perfect. 42. A. responds B. consumes C. contains D. folds 43. A. poisons B. operations C. signals D. spots 44. A. stretches B. marches C. crawls D. walks 45. A. certainly B. deeply C. slightly D. immediately 46. A. ceremony B. landscape C. harvest D. position 【答案】42. C 43. D 44. A 45. A 46. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者去波塔措国家公园游览的经历。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：公园覆盖面积如此之广，公园的门票包含了巴士游览，因为这是在一天内游览所有主要景点的唯一方式。A. responds回应；B. consumes消耗；C. contains包含；D. folds折叠。根据划线词后“a bus tour”可知，此处表示公园门票包含巴士游览，includes意为“包括”，与contains意义相近。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. poisons毒药；B. operations操作；C. signals信号；D. spots地点。根据划线词前“as it is the only way to see all the major”以及常识可知，此处表示参观公园的所有主要景点，sites在此处指地点、位置，特别是作为景点时，与spots“地点，常指景点”意义相近。故选D。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让你知道这个地方有多大，想象一下一个公园，它横跨广阔的森林、湿地、湖泊、草地和几个村庄！A. stretches伸展；B. marches行进；C. crawls爬行；D. walks行走。根据划线词后“across vast forests, wetlands, lakes, meadows, and several villages”可知，此处表示公园横跨广阔的森林、湿地、湖泊、草地和几个村庄，spans意为“跨越”，与stretches“延伸”在描述地理范围时意义相近。故选A。 【45题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在巴士上，我和周围的乘客交了朋友，他们说我确实选对了参观公园的季节。A. certainly肯定；B. deeply深深地；C. slightly稍微；D. immediately立即。根据划线词后“picked the right season to visit the park”可知，此处表示确定作者选对了参观的季节，definitely意为“确定地”，与certainly“当然，无疑地”意义相近。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们说，秋天的风景将会是绝对完美的画面。A. ceremony仪式；B. landscape风景；C. harvest收获；D. position位置。根据句中“would be absolutely picture-perfect”可知，此处表示秋天的风景，scenery意为“风景、景色”，与landscape“风景，景致”意义相同。故选B。 第六部分 课文填空(共20小题;每题0.5分，满分10分) Passage 1 课文填空 The four countries that____47____to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known___48___the Union Jack, as well as share the___49___currency and military_____50_____. 【答案】47. belong 48. as 49. same 50. defence 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国的四个国家在很多领域都是合作性的。 【47题详解】 考查动词。句意：英国的四个国家在一些领域是合作的。此处意为“属于”，故应用动词belong在从句中作谓语动词，且此处主语为that，that指代The four countries，为复数，且此处陈述客观事实，故应用一般现在时，故填belong。 【48题详解】 考查介词。句意：它们使用相同的国旗，誉为英国国旗，也有着相同的货币和军事防御。此处意为“誉为”，表达为known as，故填as。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：同上。此处意为“相同的”，表达为the same，故应用形容词same作定语，修饰currency，故填same。 【50题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。此处意为“军事防御”，故应用名词defence“防御，保护”作宾语，故填defence。 Passage 2 课文填空 Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide____51____of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religious, famous____52____, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms.___53___, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing____54____, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals. 【答案】51. range 52. figures 53. However 54. joy 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了节日的来源。 【51题详解】 考查名词。句意：它们有着各种各样的来源，比如说一年中的季节、宗教、著名的人物和重要的事件。根据课文内容可知，此处意为“各种各样的”，表达为固定短语：a wide range of。故填range。 【52题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。根据课文内容可知，此处意为“人物”，故应用名词figure作宾语，且根据后文的events可知，此处应用名词的复数形式表示泛指，故填figures。 【53题详解】 考查连词。句意：每个节日都有着它不同的风俗和独特的魅力。但是，无论它们看起来有多不同，在全世界，分享喜悦、感恩、爱或者和平的精神在所有节日中都是一样的。空前“Every festival has its different customs and unique charms.”和空后“the spirit of sharing____4____, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.”为转折关系，故应用However表转折，故填However。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。此处意为“分享喜悦”，故应用不可数名词joy作宾语，故填joy。 Passage 3 课文填空 This evening, I went to Chinatown. There were so many good cafes and restaurants to choose____55____. I_____56_____a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful_______57_______plates. What great food! That’s enough for today. Tomorrow evening, I’m going to a jazz____58____in the Richmond District. Can’t wait! 【答案】55. from 56. selected 57. china 58. bar 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在唐人街的游玩经历。 【55题详解】 考查介词。句意：有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。根据课文内容“选择”可知应填from，构成choose from。故填from。 【56题详解】 考查动词。句意：我选了一家广东菜馆，菜用漂亮的瓷盘盛着。根据课文内容“选择”可知应填动词select，故填selected。 【57题详解】 考查名词。句意：我选了一家广东菜馆，菜用漂亮的瓷盘盛着。根据课文内容“瓷盘”可知应填名词china，作定语修饰名词plates。故填china。 【58题详解】 考查名词。句意：明天晚上，我要去里士满区的一家爵士酒吧。根据课文内容“酒吧”可知应填名词bar，故填bar。 Passage 4 课文填空 These disasters made everyone sad and____59____, but the___60___to explore the universe never died. This is_____61_____people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge___62___. 【答案】59. disappointed 60. desire 61. because 62 risks 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了这次灾难并没有阻止人们探索宇宙，因为人们相信进行太空探索的重要性。 【59题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这次灾难让每个人都很伤心失望，但探索宇宙的渴望并没有就此结束。根据课文内容可知，此处意为“失望的”，故应用形容词disappointed与sad并列，作宾补，故填disappointed。 【60题详解】 考查名词。根据课文内容可知，此处意为“渴望，欲望”，故应用名词desire作主语，the desire to do意为“做某事的渴望”，故填desire。 【61题详解】 考查连词。句意：这是因为尽管有着巨大的风险，但人们还是相信进行太空探索的重要性。此处意为“这是因为…”，故应用连词because引导表语从句，故填because。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。根据课文内容可知，此处意为“风险”，故应用名词risk作宾语，且此处意为“各种风险”，故应用名词的复数形式，故填risks。 Passage 5 课文填空 In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional____63____treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts, and ____64____280,000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380____65____ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight____66____malaria. 【答案】63. botanical 64. evaluated 65. distinct 66. against 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了屠呦呦团队查阅古代中国医学文献来寻找治疗这种疾病的传统植物疗法的经历。 【63题详解】 考查形容词。句意：1969年，她成为北京项目的负责人，并决定查阅中国古代医学文献，寻找治疗这种疾病的传统植物疗法。根据课文内容可知，此处意为“植物疗法”，应用形容词“botanical植物的”作形容词，修饰名词treatments，故填botanical。 【64题详解】 考查动词。句意：她的团队翻阅了2000多篇旧医学文献并评估了28万种植物的医学特征。根据课文内容可知，此处意为“评估”，应用动词evaluate，且根据前文的examined可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填evaluated。 【65题详解】 考查形容词。句意：从她们的研究中，她们发现并测试了380种不同的古代中国医学疗法，这些疗法在对抗疟疾上展现了前景。根据课文内容可知，此处意为“不同的”，应用形容词distinct作定语，修饰名词短语ancient Chinese medical treatments，故填distinct。 【66题详解】 考查介词。句意：同上。此处意为“对抗……”，表达为the fight against，故填against。 第七部分 语法填空(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 This year’s winter has proven an important season for Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, as interest _____67_____ the icy destination greatly increased after social media posts showed many citizens from the _____68_____ (warm) south flooding into the snowy city. It _____69_____ (welcome) nearly 3.05 million visitors, taking in $832.39 million of tourism revenue (收入), during the three-day New Year holiday. To facilitate the consumption of Harbin’s popular frozen pears, the city has even introduced frozen pear plates, making _____70_____ easier for tourists to enjoy the delicacy. Moreover, _____71_____ (attract) more tourists and improve overall services, Harbin has rolled out a _____72_____ (vary) of activities, including live performances on New Year’s Eve, firework displays, theme parks, intangible heritage culture shows and concerts. A series of _____73_____ (measure) have also been introduced to enhance the visitor experience in Harbin, covering areas such as dining, accommodation, travel, shopping and entertainment. It is these careful and considerate details _____74_____ make sure that tourists feel warmly embraced, cared for and respected. Consequently, their positive experiences are _____75_____ (wide) shared on the internet, ______76______ (contribute) to Harbin’s “internet celebrity” city status. 【答案】67. in 68. warmer 69. welcomed 70. it 71. to attract 72. variety 73. measures 74. that 75. widely 76. contributing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。 本文主要介绍了今冬哈尔滨旅游爆火的现象和原因。 【67题详解】 考查介词。句意：今年的冬天对黑龙江省省会哈尔滨来说是一个重要的季节，社交媒体上的帖子显示，许多来自温暖南方的市民涌入这座冰雪城市，人们对这个冰雪胜地的兴趣大大增加。interest in“对……的兴趣”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填in。 【68题详解】 考查形容词。句意：今年的冬天对黑龙江省省会哈尔滨来说是一个重要的季节，社交媒体上的帖子显示，许多来自温暖南方的市民涌入这座冰雪城市，人们对这个冰雪胜地的兴趣大大增加。修饰名词用形容词作定语，结合句意，此处表示比哈尔滨更温暖的南方，故用比较级，故填warmer。 【69题详解】 考查时态。句意：在为期三天的新年假期期间，它迎接了近3.05亿游客，获得了832.39万美元的旅游收入。根据时间状语“during the three-day New Year holiday”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，故填welcomed。 70题详解】 考查代词it。句意：为了方便人们食用哈尔滨的冰梨，该市甚至推出了冰梨餐盘，让游客更容易品尝到美味。分析句子可知，空处用形式宾语it，真正的宾语为不定式for tourists to enjoy the delicacy ，故填it。 【71题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，为了吸引更多的游客，提高整体服务水平，哈尔滨推出了各种各样的活动，包括除夕现场表演、烟花表演、主题公园、非遗文化表演和音乐会。分析句子可知，此处用不定式作目的状语，故填to attract。 72题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：此外，为了吸引更多的游客，提高整体服务水平，哈尔滨推出了各种各样的活动，包括除夕现场表演、烟花表演、主题公园、非遗文化表演和音乐会。A variety of“各种各样的”，固定短语，根据句意，故填variety。 【73题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：哈尔滨还推出了一系列措施，以提升游客在餐饮、住宿、旅游、购物和娱乐等领域的体验。分析句子可知，作主语用名词，由a series of修饰用复数，故填measures。 【74题详解】 考查强调句型。句意：正是这些细致入微的细节，让游客感受到热情的拥抱、关怀和尊重。分析句子可知，此处是强调句型，强调主语these careful and considerate details，故填that。 【75题详解】 考查副词。句意：因此，他们的积极经历在互联网上被广泛分享，为哈尔滨的“网红”城市地位做出了贡献。修饰动词shared用副词作状语，故填widely。 【76题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，他们的积极经历在互联网上被广泛分享，为哈尔滨的“网红”城市地位做出了贡献。分析句子可知，此处用非谓语动词作状语，表示自然而然的结果用现在分词作结果状语，动词contribute和前面句子的内容之间是主动关系。故填contributing。 第八部分 单句填空(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分) 根据首字母及中文提示，拼写出适当的单词。 77. Dr. Zhong was awarded for those great a________ (成就) made by him. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】achievements##chievements 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：钟先生因他自己做出的成就而被授予奖励。根据所给中英文提示可知，此处应用名词“achievement成就”作宾语，且空前有those，故此处应用名词的复数形式，故填achievements。 78. The boy performing on the s_________(舞台) was a little bit nervous. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】stage##tage 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在舞台上表演的男孩有点紧张。设空处作介词on的宾语。表示“舞台”用stage。故填stage。 79. They will campaign for r (尊重) for aboriginal rights and customs. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】respect##espect 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们将为尊重原住民和习俗而展开活动。根据所给中英文提示可知，此处应用不可数名词“respect尊重”作宾语，故填respect。 80. In my opinion, we should stress the education of Chinese traditional v________ (美德). (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】virtues##irtues 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在我看来，我们应该重视中国传统美德。根据所给中英文提示可知，此处应用名词“virtue美德”作宾语，且virtue为可数名词，此处指中国的传统美德不止一个，故应用名词的复数形式，故填virtues。 81. He a________ (承认) to us that he had broken the window accidentally. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】admitted##dmitted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他向我们承认他不小心打破了窗户。根据中英文提示可知应用动词admit，结合宾语从句的had broken可知主句动作发生在过去，时态用一般过去时。故填admitted。 82. China became the third country in the world to i________ (独立地) send humans into space in 2003, when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】independently##ndependently 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：2003年，杨利伟成功驾驶神舟5号飞船绕地球轨道飞行，中国成为世界上第三个独立将人类送入太空的国家。设空处使用副词作状语。表示“独立地”用independently。 83. She h________ (犹豫) slightly before answering the inspector’s question. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】hesitated##esitated##hesitates##esitates 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：在回答检查员的问题之前，她稍微犹豫了一下。根据中英文提示可知应用动词hesitate，此处可理解为陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是She，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；或理解为描述发生在过去的动作，用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式。故填hesitated/hesitates。 84. She can draw a c________ (结论) from her own experiences that a friend in need is a friend indeed. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】conclusion##onclusion 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她能从自己的经历中得出这样的结论:患难见真情。设空处使用名词作宾语。表示“结论”用conclusion。故填conclusion。 85. Although the scientists e________ (遇到) various difficulties in the experiment, they never gave up. (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】encountered##ncountered 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：尽管科学家在实验中遇到了各种困难，但他们从来不放弃。根据所给中英文提示可知，此处应用动词encounter作从句谓语动词，且从句主语为scientists，为复数，根据后文的gave可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填encountered。 86. When taken to the police station for questioning, the man said, “I have never c________ (犯罪) any crime.” (根据中英文提示填空) 【答案】committed##ommitted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当被带到警察局问话时，这名男子说：“我从来没有犯过罪。”根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，此处应为commit意为“犯（罪或错等）”，此空前有助动词have以及否定词never，所以该句为现在完成时的否定句，commit与主语I之间为主动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式与have never构成句子的谓语。故填committed。 第九部分 完成句子(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 根据中文意思按要求完成下列句子。每题不超过5个词。 87. After submitting the application for six months, he finally ___________________ (获得了发明专利). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】obtained the invention patent 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：在提交了六个月的申请后，他终于获得了发明专利。设空处使用动词作谓语。表示“获得”用obtain，根据句意，此处表示动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时。表示“发明专利”用the invention patent。故答案为obtained the invention patent。 88. To a person ________________ (没有什么比……更加珍贵) their life. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】nothing is more precious than 【解析】 【详解】考查比较级。句意：对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更珍贵。此处为否定词+比较级相当于最高级含义；表示“没有什么”用nothing；表示“比……更加珍贵”短语为be more precious than，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是nothing，be动词使用is。故填nothing is more precious than。 89. She ________________ (下定决心减肥) successfully last week. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】was determined to lose weight/ determined to lose weight 【解析】 【详解】考查短语。句意：上周她下定决心要成功减肥。“下定决心做某事”表达为be determined to do或者determined to do；“减肥”表达为lose weight。此句主语为she，时间状语为last week，故应用一般过去时，故填was determined to lose weight/ determined to lose weight。 90. Every year people celebrate the National Day with a variety of activities, ________________ flag-raising ceremony ________________(从升旗仪式到烟花表演). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ①. ranging from ②. to fireworks 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：每年，人们用各种各样的活动来庆祝国庆节，从升旗仪式到烟花表演。根据汉语提示可知，空处应填“从……到烟花表演”，应用短语range from...to...“从……到……范围变化”连接两个名词短语，表明庆祝活动的多样性和跨度，“烟花表演”翻译为fireworks，与flag-raising ceremony并列，句中已有谓语动词celebrate，①空处range应为非谓语形式作状语，逻辑主语activities与range之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式ranging。故填①ranging from；②to fireworks。 91. After Shenzhen became a special economic zone in 1980, people from all over China went to the city ___________________________________ (去寻找成功致富之路).(根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】to seek their fortune 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意：1980年深圳成为经济特区后，来自中国各地的人们来到这个城市寻找财富。表示“寻找成功致富之路”用固定搭配seek one’s fortune，其中seek表示“寻找”，fortune表示“财富”，根据主语people可知，用their“他们的”，作定语，修饰fortune。本句谓语为went，此处为非谓语动词，用seek的不定式，作目的状语。故填to seek their fortune。 第十部分 应用文写作(满分15分) 92. 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Johnson来信，让你介绍一位你最崇拜的中国科学家。请你按照以下提示，给他写一份信： 1. 介绍最崇拜科学家的名字及职务； 2. 介绍他的主要经历； 3. 表达自己对他的看法。 注意：1. 词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Johnson, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Johnson, I’m writing to introduce one of the China’s greatest scientist. The Chinese scientist I admire most is Liang Jianyin, who is the general designer of the Chinese high-speed EMU. Born in 1972, this great scientist came from a normal family. Since she graduated from university in 1995, she has been committing herself to researching into the development of the China high-speed railway. Afterwards, she invented the 300-350km/h high-speed EMU. It is because of her extraordinary contributions to our country that China is playing an essential role in high-speed railways all over the world. As a consequence, she was awarded many times. Apparently, Liang Jianying has set a good example to us. Not only is she the pride of China, but her works also belong to the whole world. Yours, Li hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Johnson写一封回信介绍最崇拜的中国科学家；内容包括最崇拜科学家的名字及职务，主要经历以及自己对他的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 致力于：commit to→ devote to 因为：because of→ due to 卓越的：extraordinary→ distinguished 贡献：contribution→ devotion 2.局式拓展 独立句子变为定语 原句：Apparently, Liang Jianying has set a good example to us. Not only is she the pride of China, but her works also belong to the whole world. 拓展句：Apparently, Liang Jianying, who has set a good example to us is not only the pride of China, but her works also belong to the whole world. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The Chinese scientist I admire most is Liang Jianyin, who is the general designer of the Chinese high-speed EMU.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】It is because of her extraordinary contributions to our country that China is playing an essential role in high-speed railways all over the world.（运用了that引导的强调句型） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$