2024年人教版中考英语复习传统文化专项-阅读理解

传统文化专项训练一 阅读理解 1.(Passage 1) Peking opera(京剧) is one of the five major traditional operas in China. It is the main form of Chinese opera, combining music. vocal performance.mime(哑剧)，dance,and acrobatics (杂技). Peking opera grew out of Huiju opera, a local opera originally popular in the regions south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River in the early Qing Dynasty. Because of the strong mobility (流动性) of Huiju troupes(剧团),performers mixed different regional musical systems and tunes. In 1790, to celebrate the eightieth birthday of Emperor Qianlong, the Four Great Anhui Troupes brought Huiju opera to Beijing to join the celebration.Their performances soon became popular, marking the beginning of more than 200 years of history of Peking opera. Peking opera is a mixture of some older operatic forms. From 1840 to 1860, it finally became a mixture of elements of Qinqiang opera, Hanju opera, certain strengths of Kunqu opera, and local tunes of Beijing. The new form then began to create its own innovation. For example,melodies (曲调)were simplified, and were played with traditional instruments different from earlier forms. At first only men performed Peking opera. Female performers began to appear on stage in the 1870s,when female performers began to play male roles. The characters staged (上演)in Peking opera are not based on the appearance of people in daily life. In general, the roles on the stage are divided into four kinds: Sheng (male),Dan(female), Jing (male, painted-face characters) and Chou (male, clowns). Audiences (观众) can tell a performer's gender (性别),role, occupation(职业) and even personality by the color of his dress or the wings on his hat because they all show different meanings. For example, lower-level officials usually wear blue and only the emperor could wear yellow. ( )1.Where did Peking opera first come from? A.From Huiju opera. B.From Hanju opera. C. From Kunqu opera. D.From Qinqiang opera. ( )2.When did the history of Peking opera begin? A. In 1644. B.In 1660. C.In 1790. D.In 1860. ( )3.What does Paragraph 5 mainly talk about? A.The roles in Peking opera. B.The costumes of Peking opera. C.The development of Peking opera. D The popularity of Peking opera. 2.(Passage 2) Paper-cuts are one of the most popular Chinese handicrafts (手工艺品).The history of paper-cuts started in the 6th century. From the 7th to the 13th century. paper-cuts became popular especially during Chinese festivals, The art spread to the rest of the world in the 14th century. In rural (乡村的) areas, paper-cuts are traditionally handicrafts for women. In the past, every girl was supposed to master the craft and brides(新娘) were often judged by their skills. Professional paper-cut artists, on the other hand, are usually men who made money by working in workshops. In the past, paper was cut into images of people or things such as money and clothes, which were burned at funerals (葬礼).Today, paper-cuts are used as decorations(装饰品),and they are usually made with red paper,because red is the most popular color in Chinese culture.Paper-cuts can decorate walls, windows, doors, mirrors,lamps and lanterns, and can also be given as gifts themselves. Paper-cuts are popular because they express wishes and hopes. Wishes for wealth, health and long life are expressed through paper-cuts. For example, during the Chinese New Year, the character Fu is put upside down on the door to express people's wish for the coming of Fu. At a wedding ceremony, the red paper-cut with the character Xi is a traditional and common decoration, while the design of dolls wishes for children. There are two methods of making paper-cuts One is using scissors, and the other is using knives. It is easy to learn how to make paper-cuts, and required tools are simply a piece of paper and a knife or a pair of scissors . But to master this art is not easy at all because it requires much effort, practice, skill and imagination. ( )1.When did people begin to use Paper-cuts widely in Chinese festivals? A. In the 6th century. B. In the 7th century. C.In the 13th century. D. In the 14th century. ( )2.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Some skills of making paper-cuts. B. Different uses of paper-cuts. C. The popularity of paper-cuts. D. The importance of paper-cuts. ( )3.What can we mainly learn from the last 3 paragraph? a. There are two ways to make paper-cuts. b. It's difficult to master the art of paper-cuts. c. It's not easy to learn how to make paper-cuts. d. Imagination is a must for us to master the art of paper-cuts. A.abd B.abc C.bcd D.acd 3.(Passage 3) After learning about the life of the master poet who lived about 1,300 years ago in the historical documentary Li Bai on CCTV-9. many young Chinese viewers (观众)have taken to talking about pursuing(追求)their dreams on social media. In BBC's Du Fu: China's Greatest Poet, a historian said,“Du's poems are as important in Chinese literary（文学的)history as Shakespeare is to people in Britain.”This remark can also be used for Li's poems. Living in the Tang Dynasty during the "Golden Age of Chinese Poetry", Li used his talent to push poetry to a new height. “If Du Fu is the greatest poet in China, then Li Bai is the most talented poet in the history of Chinese poetry”,an expert in ancient Chinese literature told the Global Times. Much of Li's life is reflected in his poems: his romance, heroism, and freedom while traveling around the mountains and rivers of China, and his unvalued and tough career path. He saw the Tang Dynasty's amazing prosperity (繁荣),and dreamed about being an excellent officer to serve the court, but experienced challenge after challenge until his death. Li Bai has won great reputation (声誉) among Chinese netizens(网民). A young netizen asked a question, “What would we do if our dreams couldn't be reached, just like Li's?”Some netizens wrote that unlike Li, they might change to another dream in order not to give themselves too much pressure or unhappiness, while other netizens said they would choose to “hold on straight to the end” “Many people who like Li Bai's poems actually like the spirit he expressed-the spirit of never giving up and dreaming about contributing to society, just like many young people who have the same dream in this era,”an expert in ancient Chinese literature said. ( )1.Why is Shakespeare talked about in Paragraph 2? A.To explain the meaning of Shakespeare's poems in Britain. B.To praise the popularity of Shakespeare's poems in the world. C. To describe the influence of Li Bai's poems on English people. D. To show the importance of Li Bai's poems in Chinese literary history. ( )2.What did the expert think of Li Bai in Paragraph 3? A.The greatest poet. B. A famous traveler. C. The most talented poet. D.An excellent officer. ( )3.Which of the following can be put into ________in Paragraph 5? A.Many young people try to realize their dreams. B.Many young people are interested in Chinese history C.Ancient Chinese poets encourage young people to challenge life. D.The story of the poet's life has aroused many young Chinese's interest. ( )4.In the last paragraph, the expert agreed that many people like Li Bai's poems because of________ ①his ability of writing poems ②his wishes for working for society ③his doing well in serving the court ④his spirit of keeping trying to do sth. A.①② B.②④ C.①③ D.③④ 4.(Passage 4) In ancient times, the ancestors(祖先)of the Chinese nation happened to find that some animals and plants could serve as medicines for certain diseases and pains,and came to gradually master their usage. As time went by.people began to actively look for such medicines and methods for preventing and treating diseases. The discovery of alcohol(酒)in the Xia Dynasty and the invention of herbal decoction(汤剂)in the Shang Dynasty made medicines more effective. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, doctors began to be divided into four groups. During the Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period, Bian Que drew on the experience of his predecessors(前辈)and put forward the four diagnostic（诊断的)methods. The Huang Di Nei Jing written during the Qin and Han dynasties offered systematic theory on human physiology and methods of treatment. This book defined the framework (框架)of TCM(中医).It serves as a landmark in TCM's development. A theoretical(理论的)framework for TCM had been in place. The Shang Han Za Bing Lun collated by Zhang Zhongjing in the Eastern Han Dynasty developed the rules and methods to treat febrile(发热的) diseases It described the rules of different kinds of illnesses. The Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing is another masterpiece of medical literature which appeared during this period. It explains the theory of the compatibility (相容)of medicinal materials. It provides guidance to the production of TCM medicine and safe usage of TCM medicine. It sets up the foundation(基础)for the formation and development of TCM pharmaceutical(制药的) theory. The Ben Cao Gang Mu is a herbology（草药学） and nature masterpiece（杰作）. It was compiled by Li Shizhen in the Ming Dynasty and it was the first book in the world that scientifically talked about medicinal herbs It was a pioneering work that developed TCM pharmaceutical theory. Following the spread of Western medicine in China from the mid-Qing Dynasty, some TCM experts began to try ways to absorb the essence (精髓)of Western medicine for a combination of TCM with Western medicine. ( )1. Who came up with the four diagnostic methods? A. Bian Oue. B.Shen Nong. C Li Shizhen. D.Zhang Zhongjing. ( )2. The Huang Di Nei Jing serves as the first landmark in TCM's development because________ A. it set up the theoretical framework for TCM B. it developed the rules to treat febrile diseases C.it was the first book to describe herbs scientifically D.it guided the production of traditional Chinese medicine ( )3. Which book developed the TCM pharmaceutical theory? A. Huang Di NeiJing. B. Ben Cao Gang Mu. C. Shang Han Za Bing Lun. D. Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing. ( )4. The right structure of the passage is________ A. B. C. D. 5. (Passage 5) Reading and writing Chinese characters(汉宇)is often considered the most ambitious challenge that language learners face in order to achieve fluency(流利)Indeed. the process which has shaped this character system over thousands of years is both complex (复杂的)and long. Although they may appear bewildering at first,Chinese characters are actually made up of different building blocks (块) that form a straight and reasonable structure. Once you catch a basic understanding of the structure of Chinese characters, you will be reading and writing your way across the kingdom of Chinese characters in no time. Read the following and continue along your journey to learn Chinese characters. Unlike the Roman alphabet(字母)，Chinese characters are used to show meaning rather than sound.In fact, most characters were firstly used as visual(视觉的) descriptions of physical elements like trees, houses or humans. Their earliest forms, simplified versions of these symbols, known as character radicals (偏旁) , serve as the foundation for modern written Mandarin(普通话). Making up about 80% of the Chinese characters,radicals —in addition to Chinese pinyin—are an important starting point for anyone who wants to read or write well in Mandarin（普通话）. Jump to the list of the 40 most used Chinese radicals and continue learning Chinese characters. When two or more radicals are connected, they work together to create a single character; the radical on the left shows the character's type or meaning, while the radical on the right might show its pronunciation. The most of the written Chinese language is made up of character compounds, in which several characters are connected to make one word. An important rule to note is that characters are written according to a standardized stroke order(笔画顺序),which typically moves from left to right, top to bottom and________.Although Chinese characters may seem difficult at first, patterns will quickly appear once you develop a basic foundation. So, review your radicals,know about the most commonly used Chinese characters, and watch as your Mandarin skills grow quickly. ( )1.What does the underlined word“bewildering” mean in Chinese? A.令人快乐的 B.令人害怕的 C.令人困惑的 D.令人感动的 ( )2.What does the fifth paragraph 2 talk about? A.The role of Chinese characters. B.The popularity of Chinese characters. C.The method of making a Chinese character. D.The difficulties of using Chinese characters. ( )3.Which of the following can be put into in the last paragraph? A. outside to inside B .end to beginning C inside to outside D. beginning to end ( )4The right structure of the passage is________ A.B. C. D. 6. (Passage 6) Traditional Chinese painting has its special materials and tools, including brush pens, inks and pigments (颜料).xuan paper, silk and different kinds of ink slabs (砚台). According to different classification(分类)standards, traditional Chinese painting can be divided into the following groups: 1.Techniques According to painting techniques, traditional Chinese painting can be divided into two styles: xieyi style and gongbi style. Xiel, or freehand, is marked by exaggerated(夸张的) forms and freehand brushwork. Gongbi, or careful, is characterized by close attention to detail(细节)and fine brushwork, Freehand painting makes shapes and shows rich brushwork and ink techniques. 2.Forms The principal forms of traditional Chinese painting are the hanging scroll (画卷),album of paintings(画册)，fan surface and long horizontal (水平的)scroll.Hanging scrolls are usually hung on the wall. In an album of paintings the artist paints on a certain size of xuan paper and then binds (装订) a number of paintings into an album, which is convenient for store. Folding fans and round fans are made of bamboo sticks and paper or silk.The long, horizontal scroll is also called a hand scroll and is usually less than 50 centimeters wide but maybe up to100 meters long. 3. Subjects Traditional Chinese painting can be classified(分类) as figure painting, landscape painting and flower-and-bird painting. Landscape is a main theme in traditional Chinese painting, mainly describing the natural scenery of mountains and rivers. Landscape painting had already set up itself as an independent form of expression by the fourth century and gradually changed into two separate styles: blue-and-green landscapes using bright blue, green and red pigments; and ink-and-wash landscapes depending on bright brush work and inks. Traditional Chinese painting, poetry, handwriting,and seal engraving (篆刻) are necessary parts that enrich one another. “Painting in poetry and poetry in painting”has been a rule for excellent works. Inscriptions(题词)and seal impressions (印章) help explain the painter's ideas and feelings and also add beauty to the painting. ( )1.How many main forms of traditional Chinese painting are there? A. Two. B. Three C. Four. D. Five. ( )2.What is the most popular subject in landscape painting? . A. B. C. D. ( )3.What is the best title for the passage? A.The Development of Traditional Chinese Painting B.The History and Culture of Traditional Chinese Painting C.The Classification of Traditional Chinese Painting D.Different Methods of Drawing Traditional Chinese Painting 7. (Passage 7) Spending the Spring Festival with Chinese families in China is a fun experience for foreigners and a valuable opportunity to learn about Chinese culture . This is especially true in North China's Shanxi Province,which is famous for its folk traditions and special dishes, when people celebrate this most important Chinese festival. On January 21, Chinese New Year's Eve, the family of Yu Yanping, in the village of Dongkaizhang in YongjiCity, were busy preparing a big dinner. They welcomed two foreign guests Pinas Lloyd Lucien from Suriname(苏里南),South America, and Nahla Karay from Tunisia(突尼斯), North Africa to their home. Among the dishes on Yu's menu were jiaozi(dumplings), fried bean curd and hot pot. “Jiaozi” is the No. 1 food for a Spring Festival Eve dinner and our local style with beef stuffing (牛肉馅) is famous throughout the country, Yu said. “So we are going to give a special treat to our foreign guests with beef-stuffed jiaozi”. All family members and guests took part in the preparation of making jiaozi during the Spring Festival.Lloyd and Nahla joined in to make this traditional food by learning from Yu's family. When making dumplings,Nahla said,“I like cooking and tasting the food of different regions. And making jiaozi is a really fun experience. Yongji is part of the southwestern Shanxi City of Yuncheng. During this Spring Festival holiday, Yuncheng invited a great number of foreign guests from countries including the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Tunisia and Egypt to spend time with local families. These foreigners were offered a rare opportunity(难得的机会) to experience local lives. They enjoyed Lunar New Year dishes, watched the CCTV's Spring Festival Gala Evening and took part in many traditional celebrations during the holiday. The central Shanxi County of Pingyao is among the favorite destinations for foreign tourists in Shanxi. During the Spring Festival holiday, it held 27 events about local traditions, giving foreign visitors a look at local culture with a history of thousands of years. ( )1.The underlined word“They” in Paragraph 2 refers to________ A.folk traditions B.Chinese people C.the family of Yu Yanping D.Pinas Lloyd Lucien and Nahla Karay ( )2. What is the most popular food for theYu's Spring Festival Eve dinner? A. Hot pot. B. Jiaozi. C. Noodles. D. Fried bean curd. ( )3. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. Foreigner's ideas about the Spring Festival. B. Different activities to celebrate the Spring Festival. C. An invitation to foreign friends for the Spring Festival. D.The experience of two foreigners spending the Spring Festival in the Yu's. ( )4. What is the purpose of Pingyao to hold27 events about local traditions? A. To help foreigners know about local culture. B.To draw more foreign visitors to visit Pingyao. C. To make more money during the Spring Festival. D.To share some kinds of jiaozi with foreign visitors. 8. (Passage 8) The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. This is the first full moon night of the new year, symbolizing unity (团结) and perfection.The Lantern Festival is an important part of the Spring Festival. There are many legends about the origins (起源) of the Lantern Festival. According to one legend, once in ancient times,a swan came to the Earth where it was shot down by a hunter. The Jade Emperor in the heaven decided to punish him. He started making plans to send soldiers to the Earth on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, with the order to set fire to all humans and animals. But the other celestial beings disagreed, and risked their lives to warn the humans on the Earth. As a result, before and after the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, every family hung red lanterns outside their doors and set off fireworks,giving the impression(印象) that their homes were already burning. By successfully tricking (欺骗) the Jade Emperor in this way, humans and animals were saved from death. According to another legend, a palace woman named Yuanxiao was prevented from carrying out her duty of visiting her parents on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. She was upset and said she would kill herself by jumping into a well. In order to help Yuanxiao do her duty as a daughter, Dongfang Shuo came up with an idea. He told the Emperor that the Fire God would burn down the capital city of Chang'an on the sixteenth day of the first lunar month. The Emperor asked Dongfang Shuo what he should do. Dongfang Shuo replied that the Fire God loved red lanterns more than anything else. He advised that the streets be hung with red lanterns, and that everyone come out of the palace to see them. In this way, the Fire God would be distracted and the disaster would be averted(避免).The Emperor followed Dongfang Shuo's advice, and while everyone was out watching the lanterns, Yuanxiaowas able to get out of the palace and be reunited with her parents. ( )1.Yuanxiao would jump into a well because________ A. she tricked the Emperor B. she was afraid of setting fire C. she burned down the capital city D.she was prevented from visiting her parents ( )2.What did the two legends have in common? A.Both the capital cities were on fire. B.Animals weren't taken good care of. C.The emperors were both kind and talented. D. Lanterns were hung to do something helpful. ( )3.What does the passage mainly talk about? A.The origins of the Lantern Festival. B.The importance of the Lantern Festival. C.The relationship between the two legends. D.The ways to celebrate the Lantern Festival. 9. (Passage 9) Children from No.4 Kindergarten in Guangping County, Hebei Province were excited to experience lots of activities to celebrate the traditional Chinese festival Longtaitou on Tuesday. They learned traditional ballads（民谣） from their teachers and gave simulated(模拟的）haircuts to their classmates, as well as performed a wonderful dragon dance. The festival falls on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar every year, which refers to the start of spring and the farming season. Longtaitou literally (字面上)means “the dragon raises its head”,symbolizing that the legendary creature has awoken from his winter sleep and that there will be spring rains. “Through these activities, we hope the children can get a deeper understanding of the cultural meaning of traditional Chinese festivals,” said Jin Qingfen, a teacher from the kindergarten. “It will also help them increase their sense of national pride and belonging.” In Zhaoxian County, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province,thousands of people gathered to hold an activity called Longpaihui during which they showed respect for the dragon and prayed for health and good luck. A tablet (牌)for a dragon was placed in a sedan (轿子) and carried by over ten young men along main streets in the county, and finally back to the temple of the dragon. A group of local actors followed the sedan and gave more than 30 forms of local performances, such as beating the drum and doing the yangko dance. The most popular tradition of the festival is getting a haircut. People believe that a new hairdo brings good luck for the new year, showing the expectation of a new start.“There are eight hairdressers in my salon and as of 5 pm we have received around 100 customers, twice as much as usual,” said Liu Fujia, a manager of a hair salon in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province. ( )1.How did children from No. 4 Kindergarten celebrate the Longtaitou Festival? ①By beating the drum. ②By having a haircut. ③By playing a dragon dance. ④By singing traditional ballads. A.③④ B. ①② C. ①④ D.②③ ( )2.What does Longtaitou symbolize? A . Animals grow well. B.The spring rains are coming. C . There won't be winter snow. D.The Spring Festival is over. ( )3.Why do people want to get a haircut on the Longtaitou Festival? A To become more handsome. B. To show their honor to the old. C. To express a wish for good luck. D.To miss their loved ones. ( )4.What is the best title for the passage? A Getting a Popular Hairstyle B. Enjoying Local Performances C. Celebrating the Longtaitou Festival D.The History of the Longtaitou Festival 10. (Passage 10) In China, the Laba Festival is usually considered an introduction to the Spring Festival. It reminds one of Laba porridge and the eighth day of the La month(the 12th month of the Chinese lunar year). How was it celebrated traditionally? Is it all about food? Let's go back in time and find out. Everything starts with a feeling of love and admiration. In China, the essence (本质)of most of the traditional events could date back to one cause: making offerings to the ancestors(祖先),and the Laba Festival is no exception. In the Shang Dynasty or even before, the festival was called “Lari”, or“a day in the La month”. The ancient Chinese people presented (赠送) animals as offerings to the ancestors, praying for a good harvest in the next year. As a result, hunting became part of the celebration. ★ Laba porridge was first mentioned in a book from the Song Dynasty. According to the record, temples in the capital started to cook Laba porridge with different types of grains (谷物) and nuts(坚果), and handed the porridge to visitors. Ordinary people also cooked such porridge and gave it out to their neighbors. The pharmacies (药店) would make small sachets（香囊） with herbal （草本的）medicines inside They were given away to the neighbors as well with the hope of staying healthy in cold winters. The celebration of the Laba Festival gradually spread from the court (宫廷) to the ordinary people during the past thousands of years. Today, waiting in queues at the temples, people expect to not just share a bowl of porridge, but be a part of the tradition and share the joys and expectations of the coming year. ( )1.What is the purpose of celebrating the Laba Festival according to Paragraph 2? A. To make delicious porridge. B. To celebrate the Spring Festival. C. To show honor to the ancestors. D.To share some medicine with neighbors. ( )2.Which of the following can be put in the ★ A.Why did this festival appear so early? B. How did people make porridge during the festival? C. What was this festival called in ancient times? D.When did Laba porridge become popular during the festival? ( )3.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A.The importance of sharing medicines. B The steps of celebrating the Laba Festival. C. The spread of the Laba Festival celebration. D.The experience of sharing Laba porridge. 11. (Passage 11) Dressed in long robes(长袍), crowd of young people walk around royal gardens, with their long sleeves and flowing skirts gently swaying(摆动) in the breeze(微风）.They are not actors or actresses in a movie, but Hanfu lovers in a themed event held in Beijing. “Over ten years ago, Hanfu fashion was an obscure subculture (鲜为人知的亚文化)，but some activities nowadays often draw thousands of participants,” said Liu Xiang, an organizer of the event. Hanfu is a style of traditional clothing worn by the Han people. With the growing popularity of social media and love for traditional culture, Hanfu has been brought back by a group of young Chinese Hanfu lovers, including Liu. The 1980s-born scientist Liu is also one of the founders of a Hanfu community in Beijing called“Hua Yan Hui”. “My love for Hanfu came from two of my friends who are fans of traditional Chinese clothing, ”Liu said.Her interest grew as she learned more about the culture behind it and got her first Hanfu. At first, people dressed in Hanfu in public were sometimes greeted with derision(受到嘲笑), while more passers-by asked about their clothing style ,said Liu. Yang Kunning was born in the 1990s and works as a manager in a food company. She is interested in sharing her love for Hanfu online. She opened an account(账户) on the video-sharing platform Bilibili and posted videos of herself wearing Hanfu. Her videos are attractive and creative-blending traditional culture with modern dance movements. “Social media has made Hanfu culture popular in China and abroad,”said Yang. “Traditional culture has no national boundaries, ”she added. Yang's cousin Lu Siqing, who works in a clothes store, said, “My work requires me to keep up with the newest changes in the market, and my experience tells me that Hanfu is on its way back.” ( )1. Members of Hua Yan Hui are usually_______ A.clothing sellers B.Hanfu lovers C.young scientists D.company managers ( )2. What caused Liu Xiang to love Hanfu? A Social media. B.Costume play. C.Her friends' hobbies. D.Traditional culture. ( )3.Which of the following agrees with Yang Kunning's words? A.She will sell more Hanfu. B.More foreigners will visit China. C. Her company will produce Hanfu. D.There will be more foreign Hanfu lovers. 12. (Passage 12) Duck is a traditional meat in China, and the dish was originally called shao yazi (simply "roast duck") in the Tang Dynasty. A fresh duck was roasted over a wood or charcoal(木炭) fire. On this basis,the cooking method was continually improved by later generations. Its cooking method was mentioned in the book Complete Recipes for Dishes and Beverages(《饮膳正要》)in 1330 by Hu Sihui, who worked at the imperial(皇帝的)kitchen . It was one of the main dishes on imperial court(宫廷) menus by then (the Yuan Dynasty). In 1368, the Ming Dynasty was founded, and the capital lay in Nanjing. Imperial chefs cooked a duck by hanging it over a charcoal fire, making it crisp and fragrant (芳香的)，fatty but not greasy(油腻的).The emperor liked it very much, so the dish was officially named“roast duck” by the imperial（皇帝的） court（宫廷）. During the rule of Emperor Yongle, the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty, he ordered that the capital be moved from Nanjing to Beijing. In this way, the roast duck recipe was also brought to Beijing. After that, the popularity of roast duck gradually spread to the local citizens. With its popularity in Beijing, this dish became commonly known as “Beijing roast duck”. In 1416, the first known restaurant specializing in roast duck opened in Beijing, called Bianyifang. There they roasted the duck in a closed oven (烤炉) having first heated the walls of the oven with sorghum stalks (高菜芝)to give a crispy finish to the duck. In 1864, another famous roast duck restaurant opened, called Quanjude. There they used a different method of cooking: hanging the duck to roast over the fire in an open oven. Styles of these two restaurants still exist today, so we suggest you ★ while you're visiting Beijing. By the mid-20th century, Beijing roast duck had become a symbol of the traditional Chinese cuisine(菜肴) and the top choice dish served when foreign leaders were received. ( )1.When was shao yazi mentioned as one of the main dishes on imperial court menus? A.In 1330. B. In 1368. C.In 1416. D.In 1864. ( )2.What took place during the rule of Emperor Yongle? A.People began to call roast duck as“Beijing roast duck” B.Complete Recipes for Dishes and Beverages came out. C.Quanjude became another famous roast duck restaurant. D. Bianyifang became the first restaurant specializing in roast duck ( )3.Which of the following can be put into ★ in Paragraph 6? A.have a good time B.visit the Great Wall C.take a good trip D.try at least one of them ( )4.What is the correct order according to the passage? a.A duck was roasted in a closed oven. b. They roasted fresh duck over a wood or charcoal(木炭) fire. c. A duck was hung to roast over the fire in an open oven. d. A duck was cooked by hanging it over a charcoal fire. A.a-b-d-c B.c-b-d-a C.b-d-a-c D. a-c-d-b 13. (Passage 13) In early 2023,Southwest China's Chongqing Municipality held a hot pot festival for local residents, aiming to add more encouragement to the consumer (消费者)market in the new year. The hot pot festival invited over 20 hot pot companies to provide services. The event ran from January 6 to February 5. Chongqing hot pot, a famous food in China, has spread its footprint across the world. There are nearly30,000 hot pot restaurants in Chongqing and some 200,000 hot pot restaurants in over 20 countries around the world, according to data from the Chongqing Hot Pot Association(协会). “By holding the festival, on the one hand, we hope to offer more confidence to the hot pot industry at home and abroad,” said Chen Guohua, the head of the Chongqing Hot Pot Association.“On the other hand, we also want hotpot, a complex industry, to drive a lot of other businesses, such as agriculture and tourism.” Because of favorable prices, many consumers were visiting stalls (摊位) to eat hot pot. “Chongqing hot pot is hot and spicy(辛辣的), and contains a lot of different food, ” said He Yan, who spent 48 yuan on a hot pot serving. At a stall ran by Liu's Chongqing Hot Pot, a brand which was set up in 2000 and has more than 1,5000 restaurants around the world, some people are enjoying eating hot pot and others are buying hot pot bases (底料), ready-made hot pot and other products. Liu's Chongqing Hot Pot opened the first overseas hot pot restaurant in Dubai in 2010, and the first hotpot base factory in Canada in 2021. Now it has 66 hot pot restaurants in 15 countries and its hot pot products,such as hot pot bases, are sold in over 2,000 overseas supermarkets. It is well-known that the hot pot industry not only works as a Chinese name card to develop international business, but also brings benefits to rural(乡村的) areas. ( )1.How long did the hot pot festival last? A. About one month. B. About two months. C. About three months. D. About four months. ( )2.What did Chen Guohua talk about? A The price of Chongqing hot pot. B. The way Chongqing hot pot is made. C.Consumers' views on the hot pot festival. D.The purpose of holding the hot pot festival. ( )3.At a stall run by Liu's Chongqing Hot Pot, eaters can ①enjoy hot pot ②buy hot pot bases ③learn to make hot pot ④buy ready-made hot pot A.①②③ B.②③④ C.①②④ D.①③④ ( )4.What can we learn from Paragraph 6? A. The future of Liu's Chongqing Hot Pot. B. Liu's Chongqing Hot Pot is growing fast. C. Liu's Chongqing Hot Pot will go abroad. D. Liu is the head of the Hot Pot Association. 14.(Passage 14) Sometimes, you won't need chopsticks—you just need your hands and a good appetite (胃口) to eat the Chinese street snack roujiano,which translates as “meat in a bun”. Chinese people began to eat buns as early as the Qin Dynasty. Rouiamo has a unique meat filling that dates back to the Warring States Period. While the exact invention date of roujiamo is unclear, most people in Xi'an regard the street snack as its own, even though its popularity has led to its happy consumption all over the country. A visit to Xi'an wouldn't be complete without eating roujiamo, where some locals compare a day without eating roujiamo to not having eaten anything at all. Most roujiamo will most likely be made with a pork filling, in which the meat is given a treatment of stewing(炖) in soup with over 20 spices(香料) for hours, and for the strongest taste, some even suggest cooking the meat a day before to really let the spices sink in. Some other methods use fewer spices to prepare the meat, but if you save the spice you will miss out on the flavor. Every roujiamo street seller cooks with his own unique way with his own style of stewing meat, but when visiting Xi'an, roujiamo is usually served fresh and given to the hungry customer in a paper bag to be enjoyed on the spot (当场).An online video shows the pure skill of opening a bun, before chopping up(切碎) the stewed meat, putting it in a paper bag, and then adding some gravy (肉汁) over it (warning, the video may make you very hungry). ( )1.What does the underlined word“consumption”mean in Chinese? A.消费 B.商业 C.娱乐 D.旅行 ( )2.Paragraph 3 mainly talks about_______ A. who invented roujiamo B. how the meat in roujiamo is made C. where roujiamo came from D.when roujiamo became popular ( )3.What is the purpose of the warning “the video may make you very hungry” in the last paragraph3? A. To ask us not to watch the video. B. To tell where you can buy roujiamo. C. To show roujiamo is not good for health. D. To suggest that roujiamo is terribly delicious. ( )4.What is the theme of the passage? A. Family life. B. Food culture. C. Historical event. D. Social communication. 15.(Passage 15) 赤壁 The Red Cliff 唐 杜牧 折戟沉沙铁未销， We dig out broken halberds(戟)buried in the sand, 自将磨洗认前朝。 And wash and rub(摩擦)these relics(遗迹)of an ancient war. 东风不与周郎便， Had the east wind refused to give a helping hand, 铜雀春深锁二乔。 Southern beauties would have been captives(俘虏)on northern shore(岸;滨). （Translated by Xu Yuanchong） Historical poems are never just about things that happened in the past. They make people think about their own situation in the present. In this poem, for example, the poet Du Mu （803-852） used a historical story to show how upset he felt at the time, as he never had a chance to achieve his political （政治的）goals. The story is about the Battle of the Red Cliffy one of the best-known battles of the Three Kingdoms period （220-280）. In the first two lines, Du tells us that he finds a weapon （武器）buried （掩埋）deep in the sand. After cleaning it, he realizes that it’s from the Battle of the Red Cliff. Then he starts to recall the story. (4)"East wind” was the godsend （天赐的）wind that helped General Zhou Yu win. The wind fanned a fire that damaged Cao Cao's fleet(船队). If adviser(军师) Zhuge Liang had not guessed the direction of the wind, Zhou would not have won the battle. His wife and sister-in-law would be captured(俘虏) by Cao. The poet admires Zhuge Liang's important role in the battle, but also feels sad about his own situation. Du had military军事的) dreams himself but never got a chance to show his talent. In the hopes of having a better government, he often wrote letters to the royal court(朝廷).The letters criticized(批评) policies(政策) and military strategies(策略)of that time. (5)However, they made little difference. About 50 years after Du's death, the Tang Dynasty came to an end. ( )1. The followings are true except that__________ A. Du Mu wrote about the weapon and then recalled about the battle B. Cao Cao captured Zhou's wife and finally won the battle C. Zhuge Liang was a great role in the battle in Du Mu's mind D. Du Mu's criticism on policies and military strategies was paid little attention to ( )2.In the poem, which sentence stresses the need for talented people to catch the right moment? A. We dig out broken halberds buried in the sand B. And wash and rub these relics of an ancient war C. Had the east wind refused to give a helping hand D. Southern beauties would have been captives on northern shore ( )3. Du Mu wrote the poem in order to_________ A.tell people about the past B. inform others about the meaning of life C. help people think about what they do now D. express his feelings about his unsuccessful political life ( )4.We can infer from the story that_________ A. the Tang Dynasty finally became better government after the poet's death B. though Zhuge Liang was a success in the battle, but he was not happy about his own situation C. Du Mu was a man with military ambition and wanted to help the government D. Zhuge Liang was Zhou YU's enemy 16.(Passage 16) Shennong, who is considered as the father of ancient Chinese agriculture, is honored with the discovery of tea. According to legend, one fall afternoon, Shennong decided to take a rest under a tree and boiled some water to drink. Dry leaves from the tree above dropped down into the pot of boiling water,creating a pot of tea,marking the first ever infusion of the tea leaf. Interested in the wonderful smell, Shennong took a sip(一小口) and found it refreshing. Since Shennong's discovery, tea has been grown and enjoyed throughout the world. In the beginning, tea was used in ritual offerings (条品). Then, tea leaves were eaten as a vegetable, or used in medicine. Until the Han Dynasty, tea was a new drink. During the Sui Dynasty, tea was used for its medicinal qualities. In the Tang Dynasty, tea drinking became an art form and tea was a drink enjoyed by all social classes. Tea became a popular drink in temples after it had been proved to keep the monks (僧侣) awake during long hours of meditation(冥想). For this reason, many temples grew many tea trees. Lu Yu, the writer of The Book of Tea,was an orphan(孤儿) brought up and educated in a temple. It is likely that his experience growing up surrounded by tea inspired (激励) his book written during the Tang Dynasty.In The Book of Tea, Lu Yu recorded a detailed account of ways to grow and prepare tea, tea drinking customs, the best water for tea making and different kinds of tea. Powdered(粉末状的)tea became fashionable during the Song Dynasty, but disappeared completely from Chinese culture after the Yuan Dynasty, when Song culture was largely deleted during the Yuan Dynasty. Chinese people later became used to drinking steeped tea(泡茶) from leaves after the Yuan Dynasty and continue to drink it this way today. ( )1.What does Paragraph 1 mainly talk about? A .The taste of tea. B.The discovery of tea. C.The birth of Shennong. D.The way of making tea. ( )2. When did tea become a new drink? A.In the Han Dynasty. B.In the Tang Dynasty. C.In the Yuan Dynasty. D. In the Song Dynasty. ( )3. Why did powdered tea disappear from Chinese culture after the Yuan Dynasty? A. Because tea was too expensive. B. Because tea was a kind of medicine. C. Because The Book of Tea didn't come out yet. D. Because Song culture was given up during the Yuan Dynasty. ( )4. What might be the best title for the passage? A.The Making Process of Tea B.The Writer of The Book of Tea C.The Disappearance of Tea Drinking D.The Long History of Tea Drinking in China 17.(Passage 17) I decided to visit Huangshan to explore the most beautiful ancient Hongcun Village ,which is listed on the UNESCO World Heritage Site (联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录)，during my two-week trip to China. 1 had simply the best experiences and enjoyed each moment. so why don't you explore too? Here is the story of the most beautiful ancient Hongcun Village to inspire a visit. Hongcun Village is about 900 years old and is located in Yi County of Anhui Province. It is mainly famous for its ancient houses and courtyards from Ming and Qing dynasties. You'll love the well-protected beautiful countryside of this village. It is fun to walk and explore the small village, shop the local products, and eat from the village restaurants. Moreover, taking pictures of country houses is very interesting. I love the beautiful settings of Hongcun Village. It is said that the village was built in the shape of an Ox. But the whole village seemed to me like a painting where every object was painted with so much fondness (喜爱). There is no way to regret visiting and especially a must-visit for history and nature lovers. In China, naturally beautiful destinations are always best to visit either in spring or autumn. March and April are the best months to visit the ancient Hongcun Village.I visited in April during the spring season. You may also prefer to visit in October during the autumn season. The easiest way is to take a tour bus from Downtown Huangshan. It will take one and half an hour to reach Yi County from Tunxi Bus Station. Every 15 to 20 minutes,buses depart from Yi County Bus Station to Hongcun Village. You can also go by private car or taxi. ( )1.The writer's main reason for visiting Hongcun Village probably because of_______ A. its local products B. its village restaurants C. the small village shops D. its ancient houses and courtyards ( )2.Which two officials tell about he armed activities in Hongcun Village? A. Paragraphs 1 and 2. B. Paragraphs 2 and 3. C. Paragraphs 3 and 4. D. Paragraphs 4 and 5. ( )3.What does the last paragraph talk about? A. The scenes of Hongcun Village. B. The way to Hongcun Village. C. The time to visit Hongcun Village. D. The cost of the Hongcun Village. ( )4.What is the purpose of writing this passage? A. To introduce a place of tourist interest. B. To tell the history of Hongcun Village. C. To encourage foreigners to visit China. D. To describe the love for love of Hongcun Village. 18. (Passage 18) The Dujiangyan Irrigation Project (水利工程)lies about 60 km northwest of Chengdu. It was built about the year 256 BC to provide irrigation water and control the Minjiang River. Water running in the river from the Minshan Mountain destroyed houses and killed people. So an official in the Kingdom of Qin named Li Bing decided to build the project in the river to control the flooding. It is said that he received money for the important project from King Zhao of Qin and employed tens of thousands of workers. King Zhao wanted to strengthen his kingdom and conquer（占领） the kingdoms around him. After its completion(完成), the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project avoided the flooding and gave the Sichuan area rich harvests(收成). The area around Chengdu became one of the granaries (粮仓) of China. This project greatly made the Qin Kingdom stronger because the developed farming output (产量) helped to support the kingdom's large army.Within a few decades(十年), a Qin king called Qin Shi Huang became the first emperor of China. It was Qin Shi Huang who built the famous Terracotta Army (兵马俑)in Xi'an that has surprised travelers from around the world and who directed the building of the Great Wall of China. There are some main parts to this irrigation system.The first is a well designed levee (防洪堤) named Yuzui . It stood in the middle of the river to control the amount of water that entered the two channels (渠道).The second part is the channel of the irrigation system that was cut through a mountain by means of heating the rock and then pouring water on it. The narrow(狭窄的) opening to the irrigation system controlled the amount of water entering the system. It is called Baopingkou. It is said that the 20-meter-wide channel required 8 years to finish. The lastart is a spillway (溢洪道) called Feishayan that was dug to discharge water and silt (泥沙). ( )1.What is the main reason why Li Bing decided to build the project? A.To beat the countries around. B. To protect King Zhao's kingdom. C.To collect heavy water from rainstorms. D.To provide irrigation water and control the Minjiang River. ( )2.What does the underlined word"strengthen" in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Make sth longer. B. Make sth bigger. C. Make sth richer. D. Make sth stronger. ( )3.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A.The benefits of the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. B.The building process of the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. C.The reasons of building the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. D.The decisions of building the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project. ( )4.How many main parts does the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project include? A.One. B Two. C.Three. D. Four. 19. (Passage 19) The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal (京杭大运河) is the earliest and longest man-made waterway in the world. The canal (运河) is about 1,700 kilometers long , and it starts from Beijing and ends in Hangzhou . The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal plays a great role in the development of economy and culture between southern and northern China, especially in the development of farming in the canal line area. The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is called the“Great Water Wall”. The Grand Canal crosses through Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei Province, Shandong Province, Jiangsu Province, and Zhejiang Province. It connects five great water systems in China: Haihe River, Yellow River,Huaihe River, Yangtze River and Qiantang River. The history of Hangzhou is closely related to the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. The canal ends at Hangzhou and it runs through the city of Hangzhou for a length of around eleven kilometers. Over its long history,the Grand Canal helped the city become an important transport and economic (经济的) center in ancient China. In recent years, while taking care to protect and repair the canal, the local government has also carried out some tourism development projects, which serves both local people and travelers. The visitors can get to two landscape belts (景观带)along the banks of the canal, as well as three parks, six ports(港口) and fifteen bridges A water-bus service on the Hangzhou section of the Grand Canal is now available, offering the visitor a chance to enjoy the Grand Canal's scenery in less than two hours. ★ While enjoying the Grand Canal as a tourist resource(资源), remember that the canal is still playing an important part in economy and transportation. A new plan has been passed to widen and deepen the canal so that ships of 1,000 tons can pass through the canal, and the canal can carry millions of liters of water from the south to the north. ( )1.Which of the following s TRUE about the Grand Canal? A.It starts from the city of Hangzhou. B. I is the deepest waterway in China C. It is the longest man-made waterway in the world. D.It crosses through five big cities or provinces. ( )2.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A.The places of building the Grand Canal. B.The process of building the Grand Canal. C.The difficulties in building the Grand Canal. D. The importance of the Grand Canal to Hangzhou. ( )3.Which of the following can be put into ★ in the fourth paragraph? A. irrigating farm plants with water from the canal B. trying its best to protect the environment along the canal C. taking water from the river for the people living along the canal D. turning this section of the canal into a leisure and entertainment resort ( )4.What is the topic of the passage? A. Art and fashion. B. Sports and health. C. History and tourism. D. Science and technology 20. (Passage 20) Cultural experts say Shanxi is home to the largest number of ancient buildings in China. Xuankong Temple(悬空寺) at Hengshan Mountain in Hunyuan County is no doubt one of the most wonderful examples of such a saying. Made of wood,tiles (瓦片) and stones during the mid-Northern Wei Dynasty,the temple is made up of two three-story pavilions (阁) and a yard linked by staircases(楼梯) and steps. The staircases and steps are lined along the surface of a sheer cliff(悬崖) rising 50 meters above a stream at the foot of the mountain. Seen from below, Xuankong Temple, which literally means “temple hanging in the sky”, appears terribly dangerous. It is supported only by a few thin stanchions (支柱) standing on protruding (伸出) rocks. For that reason, it was selected by Time magazine as one of the 10 most dangerous buildings in the world in 2010. Sun Shupeng, an engineer, however, disagreed with the idea that Xuankong Temple is, in fact, a dangerous structure. “The temple has been standing firmly on the Hengshan cliff for more than 1,500 years and is still kept intact (完好无损的)and solid,”he said. “A study of the temple is an exploration of an ancient Chinese engineering miracle.” Sun said the stanchions(柱子) were only added recently as a psychological (心理的) comfort to visitors. About twenty thick square beams (梁) support most of the building's weight. A number of large, deep holes were dug into the cliff's surface, and two-thirds of the length of the beams together with wedges (楔子)were driven into each one. In addition to its strong building, local people have found that the section of cliff above the temple acts like an umbrella to protect the temple from rain and sunlight. In summer, when the daytime is the longest, the temple only receives about two hours of direct sunlight a day during the morning. The narrow valley it faces also changes the direction of airflow. The wind usually blows toward the cliff facing the temple, but rarely reaches the temple. ( )1.What can we learn from Paragraph 2? ①The temple is at the top of the mountain. ②There is a river at the foot of the mountain. ③The temple is made of wood, tiles and stones. ④The temple is made up of two yards and a pavilion. A.①② B.②③ C.③④ D.①④ ( )2.Why does the temple look terribly dangerous? A. Because it is badly broken. B. Because it was built 1,500 years ago. C. Because it is 50 meters high above a stream. D. Because it seems to be supported only by a few thin stanchions. ( )3.What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 5? A.To advertise the value of the building. B.To show the safety of Xuankong Temple. C.To explain how Xuankong Temple was built. D.To tell the purpose of building Xuankong Temple. ( )4.What is the best title for the passage? A. An Ancient Building Facing a Valley B. An Ancient Building with Three Stories C. Xuankong Temple: a Popular Tourist Attraction D. Xuankong Temple: a Wonder of Ancient Times 21.(Passage 21) Buried (埋葬) deep under a hill in central China,surrounded by an underground moat(护城河), an emperor has lain in peace for more than two thousand years. He is China's first emperor, Qin Shi Huang, who died in 210 BC after conquering(统治) six warring states to create the first unified nation of China. Wanting protection in the afterlife, Emperor Qin created an army of 8,000 soldiers, 130 chariots (战车) with 520 horses, and 150 cavalry horses made of terracotta (赤陶土). In 1974, some farmers happened to dig up what turned out to be a large-scale pit (坑) with terracotta soldiers and horses, belonging to the Emperor Qin. After2,200 years, the Emperor's huge army stood as though living again. The life-size terracotta solider they dug out of the ground turned out to be just one of an army of thousands, each utterly unique, with individual clothing,hair and facial features. With an area of over 2 square kilometers, the Emperor Qinshihuang's Mausoleum Site Museum (秦始皇帝陵博物院) was opened to the public on October 1,2010. The site area includes the Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses and the Qin Shi Huang's Mausoleum Site Park (Lishan Garden). The Museum of Terracotta Warriors and Horses is divided into three main sections, Pit 1, Pit 2, and Pit 3, named in order of their discovery.Over 7,000 pottery soldiers, horses, chariots and weapons have been discovered in the excavations (挖掘)and are displayed in the museum. ( )1.What is Qin Shi Huang mainly known for? A. Building an underground moat. B. Creating an army of 8,000 soldiers. C. His death for over two thousand years. D. Setting up the first unified nation of China. ( )2.When was the pit with terracotta soldiers and horses discovered? A. About 10 years ago. B. About 50 years ago. C. About 220 years ago. D. About 2,200 years ago. ( )3.This passage is probably taken from a magazine. A. history B. fashion C. science D. sports 22.(Passage 22) In the Jin Dynasty there were two young. One of them was Zu Ti and the other was Liu Kun. Both of them were men of ideals and honesty, and were also brave and polite. They not only wrote excellent articles but also were interested in practicing martial arts (武术)to keep fit, in order to ★ Both Zu Ti and Liu Kun were chief clerks responsible for document administration in Luoyang. At that time,the Jin Dynasty seemed to rule the Central Plains (中原),but in fact it was already troubled by internal(国内的)troubles and foreign troubles. Zu Ti and Liu Kun often talked about the country's situation till late into the night, and each time they talked very excitedly. One night, Liu Kun fell asleep without knowing it, but Zu Ti was too excited to fall asleep. “Cock-a-doodle-doo”, came the crow(啼叫声) of a rooster(公鸡) in the wasteland. Zu Ti jumped up and woke Liu Kun up,“Listen. How inspiring the rooster's crow is. Let's get up and practice outside. ”From then on, they kept practicing sword (剑), playing actively and energetically in the wasteland every day when they heard the first crow in the morning. Deeply moved by Zu Ti's national spirit, Liu Kun decided to devote himself to his homeland. Once he wrote to his family, “At the time when the country is in danger, I often sleep with my head pillowed(搁于枕上) on a sword waiting for the day to break. I will surely dedicate myself to the service of my country. I often fear that I can't keep with Zu Ti, and, in fact, I am behind him.....” The sentence “I often sleep with my head pillowed on a sword waiting for the day to break.”clearly described Liu Kun's resolution to dedicate himself to the service of the country and to fight the enemy at any time. Later,this saying is used to mean“maintaining (保持) sharp vigilance (警惕) and being ready to fight at any time”. ( )1.Which of the following can be put into ★ in Paragraph 1? A.do well in writing B.work for the country C.become good coaches D.give back to their families ( )2. Zu Ti and Liu Kun didn't go to bed till late into the night because A.they practiced martial arts B.they wrote excellent articles C.they waited for the cock to crow D.they talked about the country's situation ( )3.What can we mainly learn from the third paragraph? A.The cock woke up Liu Kun and ZuTi B. Liu Kun was too excited to fall asleep. C.Liu Kun and Zu Ti practiced sword actively D.Zu Ti couldn't fall asleep because of the crow. ( )4. What do you know about Liu Kun and Zu Tiin Paragraph 4? A.They were brave and polite. B.They often helped each other. C.They worked hard as officers D.They deeply loved their country 23.(Passage 23) Many beautiful legends(神话) and tales(故事) have left in China about the construction of the Great Wall. Many of them are based on historical records. Among them, the most popular would probably be the one about Meng Jiangnu. It was said that more than 2,000 years ago when QinShi Huang(the first Emperor of Qin) was building the Great Wall, a young man called Fan Xiliang was forced to work on the construction of the Great Wall even on his wedding(婚礼)day. Before Fan Xiliang went away, his bride, a girl named Meng Jiangnu, took her hairpin (发夹) and broke it into two halves and gave her husband one half as a symbol of love. Meng Jiangnu waited for her husband at home for five years but did not hear a word from him. One night, Meng Jiangnu had a bad dream. Shedreamed that her husband kept yelling, “Cold, cold!”She recalled that her husband was wearing very thin clothes.Very soon, she made some warm clothes and set off alone to look for Fan Xiliang. After walking all the way on foot,crossing mountains and rivers, Meng Jiangnu finally got to the construction site of the Great Wall where she was told that her husband had died and was buried under the Great Wall. Hearing this sad news of the death of her beloved,she sat down at the foot of the Great Wall and started crying. She cried day and night, and her crying made the wall fall down. She finally saw her husband's bones under the wall. This made Qin Shi Huang very angry, and he ordered Meng Jiangnu to be punished. When he saw the young lady, however, he was immediately（立即的） attracted by her beauty. He asked her to marry him. Meng Jiangnu had to agree but asked for a big funeral for her dead husband. After the funeral, she and Qin Shi Huang went for a trip on the Bohai Sea. How could she marry the bad man who had killed her husband? She could not, so she jumped into the sea unseen by the guards. ( )1.What happened to Fan Xiliang on his wedding day? A.His wife had a bad dream about him. B. His wife was punished by Qin Shi Huang. C. He broke his wife's hairpin into two halves . D. He had to leave for the construction site of the Great Wall. ( )2.What did Meng Jiangnu see in her dream? A. Her husband lost his life. B. Her husband felt terribly cold. C. Her husband worked day and night. D.Her husband was buried under the Great Wall. ( )3. What does the underlined word“funeral”in the last paragraph mean? A.会议 B.纪念 C.葬礼 D.庆典 ( )4.What did Meng Jiangnu do in the end? A.She went home sadly. B.She killed Qin Shi Huang. C.She jumped into the sea. D.She married Qin Shi Huang. ( )5.Which is the right order of the story? a. Meng Jiangnu jumped into the sea. b. Meng Jiangnu left home to look for her husband c. Meng Jiangnu cried so hard that she made the wall fall. d.Meng Jiangnu gave her husband one half of hairpin. e.Qin Shi Huang got surprised at Meng Jiangnu's beauty A. dbcea B. deabc C. eadbc D. cedba 24.(Passage 24) In ancient times, there was an old man named Yu Gong. He was nearly 90 years old. There were two mountains in front of his house. One was the Taihang Mountain, and the other was the Wangwu Mountain. One day, Yu Gong said to the whole family, “ These two mountains block the doorway of our house. It is very inconvenient for us to come and go. Let our whole family try our best to move away these two mountains and carry the stones and earth to the sea. How about it? ” Upon hearing this, all his sons and grandsons said,“ You are right. Let's start tomorrow! ” The following day, Yu Gong led the whole family and started to move the mountains. His neighbor was a woman with a son, only 7 or 8 years old. When her son heard of this, he also came to help happily. They worked every day, fearing neither heat in summer nor cold in winter, neither sunny nor rain. When an old man named Zhi Sou saw Yu Gong's family moving the mountains, he thought it ridiculous(可笑的) and said to Yu Gong, “ You are so old that you can hardly walk. Can you move the mountains? ” Yu Gong replied, “ You are not even as clever as a child. Though I am about to die, I have sons. When my sons die, there are still grandsons. Generation (世代) after generation, my offspring (后代) are endless. But with more and more stones being removed, smaller and smaller will the mountains become. Not a grain of earth or a piece of stone will grow on the mountains. If we work every day, why can't we move away the mountains? ” Zhi Sou, who thought himself clever, had nothing more to say. Yu Gong led his family to dig the mountains continually from early morning till late night. They finally moved Emperor of Heaven(天堂), who sent two gods to the world to move away these two mountains. ( )1.What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A.The persons who moved the mountains. B. The experience that people worked hard. C. The reason why the mountains had to be moved. D. The mountains that sat in front of Yu Gong's house. ( )2.Which paragraph describes the scene of moving the mountains? A. Paragraph 2. B. Paragraph 3. C. Paragraph 4. D. Paragraph5. ( )3.What did Yu Gong say in reply to ZhiSou? ①Zhi Sou wasn't clever. ②What Zhi Sou said was right. ③He would keep moving the mountains. ④He wondered if he could move the mountains. A.①③ B.②④ C.①② D.③④ ( )4.What can we learn from the story? A.An old man can also make a difference. B.Work hard, and we can realize our dreams. C.Convenient transportation is very important to us. D.In fact, Yu Gong could not move the two mountains. 25.(Passage 25) Journey to the West is one of the most famous Chinese novels, written by Wu Cheng'en, a novelist and poet of the Ming Dynasty. The novel(小说) is based on the actual Joumey of Xuanzang to India in the Tang Dynasty in search of sacred texts(经书). The story itself was already a part of Chinese folk and literary(文学的) tradition in the form of spoken stories, a poetic novel, and a six-part drama when Wu Cheng'en formed it into his novel. Composed of 100 chapters, the novel can be divided into three main sections. The first seven chapters(章节) deal with ★ becoming the Monkey King and its process of getting magic powers. Five chapters talk about the story of Xuanzang and the beginning of his mission to the Western Paradise. Other chapters of the novel tell about the 81 exciting adventures in which dangerous or unusual things happened. They happened to Xuanzang and his partners, the three animal spirits the Monkey, the Pigsy, and the Sandy-on their journey to India and the four finally finished their mission（使命）. In those earlier versions of the story, dating as far back as the Southern Song Dynasty, a monkey character was already an important character. It is believed that this character came from Xuanzang's talks about Human, the Hindu monkey god from the ancient story. Factors of the Monkey legend were already clear in folklore and literature during the Yuan and early Ming dynasties. ( )1.What do most chapters(章节) of the book talk about? A. Xuanzang's task to the Western Paradise. B. Their dangerous experiences on the journey. C. The monkey's process of getting magic powers. D. The relationship among the three animal spirits. ( )2.Which of the following can be put into ★ in Paragraph 2? A. the leadership of Xuanzang B. the living habit of slow Pigsy C. the friendship of the fish spirit Sandy D. the birth of a monkey from a stone egg ( )3.What is the purpose of writing Paragraph 3? A. To tell us how Wu Cheng' en wrote the story. B. To explain where the monkey came from. C. To show the important role the monkey played. D. To describe how three animal spirits helped the monk. ( ) 4. In which section of a magazine can you read the passage? A.Health and sport. B. Art and literature. C.Science and technology. D.Population and environment. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$