浙江省部分市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题汇编：阅读理解

江苏省部分市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题汇编 阅读理解 浙江省宁波市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 一、阅读理解 A Times are hard and the price of just about everything we need and care for our rescued animals, has been skyrocketing. As you can imagine, with over 4,000 mouths to feed, hay (草料) is one of our biggest expenses and we are finding it very hard to make ends meet this winter. If you could help, every donation towards providing hay for the animals, however small, will be so gratefully received. Donation/Order helpline:01603 736200 Time: 9 A．M. — 9 P. M.(7 Days) ● Info: Hillside Animal Shelter was founded in 1995 to help and campaign for animals in need, particularly those suffering every day in the intensive factory farming industry. We are home to 2,500 rescued horses and donkeys, 750 cows, 300 pigs, 850 sheep and goats, and lots of other animals including dogs and deer... Please help us to feed and care for our many rescued animals by making a donationTODAY or buying cards or gifts at www.Hillside.org.uk. Items Price Hillside Notepad & Pen Set $5 Coasters (杯垫) -choose HORSE or COW. $4 Shelter Scene Greeting Cards $8 Hillside Toy Donkeys $7 1．What makes it extra difficult to run Hillside Animal Shelter? A．Small donations. B．Rising hay prices. C．High medical expenses. D．Skyrocketing price of animals. 2．What can you possibly get with $10 at www.Hillside.org.uk? A．Coasters and Hillside Toy Donkeys. B．Coasters and Hillside Notepad & Pen Set. C．Hillside Toy Donkeys and Hillside Notepad & Pen Set. D．Hillside Toy Donkeys and Shelter Scene Greeting Cards, 3．What might be the purpose of this passage? A．To seek support for shelter operation. B．To raise awareness of animal sheltering. C．To encourage donations for Hillside website. D．To promote Hillside Animal Shelter' products. B “It can be very annoying being a composer,” laughs Errollyn Wallen. Music constantly consumes her thoughts even during walks or chores. “Music is always on my mind, even when I’m doing something else. But with dishwashing, I tidy up and escape occasionally,” says the composer. Wallen’s passion for music shines through her impressive works and awards. Her music, both instinctive and emotionally expressive, shows great technical skill. With an Ivor Novello Award, 22 operas, and numerous other compositions, she graced events like the 2012Paralympics and the Queen’s anniversaries with her music. Her re-imagining of Jerusalem took the BBC Last Night of the Concerts by storm in 2020. Composing for her is as natural as breathing. She’s warm, talkative, and open-minded. Last year, she completed a memoir Becoming a Composer, reflecting on her musical journey, creative process, and the challenges of composing for a living. The book is a generous, amusing and beautiful read, effectively telling the composer’s life through Wallen’s accessible approach. In her book, Wallen reflects on her complex childhood, moving from Belize to London and growing up in Tottenham with an uncle and aunt while her parents lived in New York. Despite feeling deserted and rejected, music became her comfort, “The moment I began learning the piano was magical. The piano served as my window into the world of music and my composing table, transporting me to new places.” Wallen’s music often addresses political themes, such as Mighty River and her opera YES. She believes in telling stories that haven’t been explored enough, especially from personal perspectives. However, she acknowledges that being a Black artist requires more personal, cultural, and historical consideration than White artists. There is still much progress to be made. Wallen challenges the classical music norm, advocating for composers to embrace their unique backgrounds. She encourages her non-Western students to use their heritage into their work, opposing the need to follow traditional styles. 4．What would help Wallen to get rid of music for a while? A．Preparing dishes. B．Going for a walk. C．Thinking about chores. D．Doing some wash up. 5．According to the underlined part, Wallen’s re-imagining of Jerusalem . A．received mixed review s from critics. B．caused a minor stir among concertgoers. C．became a hit and attracted a lot of attention. D．was an unexpected addition to the concert program. 6．What is the focus of Becoming a Composer? A．The shaping of Wallen’s personality. B．The complex childhood and growth. C．The journey to musical composition. D．The magical piano and composing table. 7．What does Wallen think of composing as a Black artist? A．Challenging. B．Annoying. C．Comforting. D．Amusing. C Fat-shaming comments and weight-loss advice from classmates and relatives have been a constant in my life for years. One vivid memory is from ninth grade when a friend embarrassed my sister in the cinema by calling her “fat”. In university, this pattern continued with my uncle’s frequent questioning about my diet and progress in losing weight. As a former therapist, I guided clients on body image and coping with hurtful comments, advising them to set boundaries with well-meaning but critical relatives. As for myself, I've always had to avoid questions about my body, while recognizing the natural curiosity that arises when we notice our friends’ bodies experiencing noticeable changes. It's human nature to compare ourselves to our peers. With more weight-related ads all over bus shelters, TV and your social media feed, it's hard not to feel the impact. But is commenting on others' weight loss ever appropriate? However well-intentioned, remarks about weight loss can be quite hurtful, says clinical psychologist Elizabeth Fedrick. Even if curiosity gets the better of you, it’s not necessary or acceptable to mention a friend’s weight gain or loss. “We often think we’re being supportive, but in reality, saying ‘You lost weight — you look great’ actually implies that they didn’t before, or that they need to be a certain weight to look great,” says Fedrick. Such remarks can be uncomfortable and fatphobic. Fatphobia extends beyond harmful comments; it’s also present in subtle clothing suggestions and judgments over dessert. This prejudice links our sense of self-worth closely to thinness, falsely associating it with health. To address this issue, we must value all bodies, reject food-shaming, and promote body positivity by accepting ourselves at any weight or size. “Praise for appearance changes isn’t always welcome,” says Fedrick, “Instead, showing understanding and asking open questions”. She cautions against assuming weight loss equals good health, as it can sometimes indicate health issues or disordered eating. Fedrick says focusing on a person’s character or appearance isn’t effective support; rather, caring about their well-being as a whole person is key. 8．Why does the writer mention his uncle in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce his uncle to readers. B．To share his vivid memory about his uncle. C．To show his relatives’ concern for his weight. D．To make a comparison between classmates and relatives. 9．Which of the following is an example of Fatphobia? A．You are pretty just to be yourself. B．You look great in whatever clothes. C．I think you’d better not order that cake. D．I’m glad you’re making health a priority. 10．What does Fedrick think people should focus on according to the last paragraph? A．A person’s diet. B．A person’s well-being. C．A person’s characters. D．A person’s weight loss. 11．What is mainly discussed in the passage? A．The challenges of weight loss. B．The importance of body positivity. C．The impact of media on body image. D．The harm of weight-related comments. D According to the Global Maritime Wrecks Database, the ocean's bottom hosts over 250,000shipwrecks (沉船) , from 2,200BCE to today, but UNESCO believes there could be as many as three million, largely undiscovered. Wrecks offer historical insights, relics, metals for reuse, and potential treasures. The Colombian government is working out the best way to raise the San Jose, an 18th-centurySpanish sailboat that sank within the country's waters, having invested $3.5 million in conservation. But some scientists believe that shipwrecks are just as valuable when left at the bottom of the sea. A shipwreck contains history and becomes part of the ocean, influenced by nature. It's like a museum piece interacting with its surroundings. Shipwrecks help us see how oceans and coasts change. In the Mississippi delta, they track dangerous mudslides affecting oil facilities and pipelines. A sunken tanker near Louisiana moved 11km over 80 years due to mud. Shipwrecks also show how sea life might live around new underwater structures. They create homes for sea animals, with some having more diversity than natural reefs. Meyer-Kaiser says any man-made object in water becomes a habitat, though some might not be as good for sea creatures. Ocean currents, warming waters, and invasive species can be risks to shipwrecks. To prevent unauthorized exploration, the locations of more than 200 shipwrecks have largely been kept secret. Meyer-Kaiser says she had to sign a non-disclosure agreement (保密协议) to study them. However, Meyer-Kaiser's research suggests that another activity could be causing much more damage: commercial fishing. In response, a pilot project called the Shipwreck Avoidance Program was launched, showing promising results. 12．What do some scientists probably agree with according to Paragraph 2? A．Underwater shipwrecks should also be valued. B．The San Jose sailboat is worth the investment. C．Shipwrecks are more valuable than potential treasures. D．The Colombian government thinks little of shipwrecks. 13．What does Paragraph 3 focus on? A．The history of shipwrecks. B．The interaction with nature. C．The habitat for sea creatures. D．The significance of shipwrecks. 14．What has been done to protect shipwrecks? A．Removing invasive creatures. B．Stopping exploring shipwrecks. C．Agreeing to prevent further damage. D．Conducting the Shipwreck Avoidance Program. 15．What might be the best title for the passage? A．Diversity of Shipwrecks B．Ocean's Hidden Museums C．Undiscovered Shipwrecks D．Insight into Wrecks Research 浙江省衢州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 一、阅读理解 A We’ve gathered up some fun things to do in DC this holiday weekend. DC History Conference Learn about the history of the nation’s capital for free by attending this community conference that considers the city’s past, present and future. The event celebrates its 50th anniversary this year and provides a stimulating forum for original research on DC． Saturday| Free Admission Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library,901 G Street NW, Washington, DC 20001 Little Shop of Horrors Originally a sci-fi/horror comedy film released in 1960, Little Shop of Horrors then became an off-Broadway musical in the early 1980s. Yet another film adaptation followed a few years later, showing how this timeless story of a floral shop assistant and his singing, deadly plant will always amaze audiences. The historic Ford’s Theatre revives the dynamic production during its upcoming spring season. Make sure to use code DDCSHOP20 for.20% off your tickets to the show(valid for March 16-April 6 & May 1-18; limit two tickets per purchase)! DC Defenders vs. Houston Roughnecks The United Football League——a new league founded through a combination of the XFL and the USFL—kicks off in DC． The Defenders play home games at Audi Field and feature quite possibly the best team the new football league has to offer. Prepare for hard-hitting, fast-paced action on the field as the Houston Roughnecks come to town. 4p. m. Sunday| Tickets $27-$182 Audi Field, 100 Potomac Avenue SW, Washington, DC 20024 1．Where could a history fan go this weekend? A．Martin Luther King, Jr. Memorial Library. B．Ford’s Theatre. C．Broadway Theatre. D．Audi Field. 2．What makes Little Shop of Horrors special? A．It was originally a sci-fi/horror tragedy film in 1960. B．It was adapted from a Broadway musical in the 1980s. C．It has attracted many generations for more than 60 years. D．It features the story of a floral shop owner and his assistants. 3．What is the UFL according to the text? A．A stadium hosting football games. B．A newly founded football league. C．The name of a football team in DC． D．The name of a ticket selling company. B As my wife puts it, “Animals have overtaken our lives.” I was on the air last week when Daisy, our dog, ate a bittersweet chocolate bar heartily. We hide chocolate from her; it can be dangerous for dogs. But Daisy is the Hercule Poirot of hidden sweets. An empty wrapper in her mouth told the tale. Our family rushed Daisy to a vet clinic, where——well, I’ll spare you the details. Daisy is fine now, but our hearts are just restarting. We are also caring for a huge, white cat we’ve named Gato Blanco. He claws furniture on his hind(后部的) legs, like Catzilla tearing down a Tokyo bridge. Every chair in our apartment is now covered with sheets, towels, or plastic wrap. We keep a window open, no matter the weather, because one of our daughters is allergic to cats. But she wants to keep Gat o close, even as he knocks photos, flowers, pens and my microphone off tables, with a smart forehand. Our feline lodger(猫科房客) also climbed onto a planter outside our apartment and strolled over to the other side of the building, seven floors up. Is that Spider-Man? No-it’s Gato! Daisy the dog sits beneath our dinner table, quivering and blinking her large, dew y eyes. Some of us may let a few pieces of food fall her way from time to time. We can’t let her get too excited, though, because she has a tendency to... well, more details to spare. We keep towels handy for such episodes of excitement. Gato Blanco, meanwhile, leaps onto our table. But not to eat, just to hang with the cool kids, our daughters. “Hey, how was your day,” I imagine him saying. “We gonna watch something after dinner?” Our family may complain as we sneeze, mop, and search the floor for our missing pens. But we also hold our animals close as they help us laugh, marvel, and care for them, and for each other. Our lives have been overtaken by our animals. And we’re having a troublesome and wonderful time. 4．What do we know about Daisy? A．She is allergic to cats. B．She has a heart problem. C．She doesn’t get excited easily. D．She is good at finding sweets. 5．What can Gat o do? A．Fly like Spider-Man. B．Make a mess of the room. C．Talk like a real human. D．Tear down a Tokyo bridge. 6．Which of the words can best describe the writer’s feeling towards their animals? A．Bittersweet. B．Concerned. C．Content. D．Depressed. 7．What is the purpose of the text? A．To warn readers against keeping pets at home. B．To give advice on what species of animals to buy. C．To share their stories and feelings about keeping pets. D．To entertain readers with dark humour jokes about pets. C Students have submitted more than 22 million papers that may have used generative AI in the past year, new data provided by plagiarism (剽窃) detection company Turnitin shows. A year ago, Turnitin introduced an AI writing detection tool that was trained on its database of papers written by students as well as other Al-generated texts. Turnitin found that 11 percent of the submissions may contain AI-written language in 20 percent of its content, with 3 percent of the total papers reviewed having 80 percent or more AI writing. ChatGPT’s launch was met with fears that the English class essay would die. The chatbot can process information near-instantly——but that doesn’t mean it always gets it right. Generative  AI has been known to create its own facts and cite academic references that don’t actually exist.Generative AI chatbots have also been caught producing discriminatory (歧视性的) text on gender and race. Despite those disadvantages, students have used chatbots for research, and organizing ideas. Traces of chatbots have even been found in published academic writing. Detecting the use of generative AI is tricky. It’s not as easy as marking plagiarism, because generated text is still original text. Plus, there’s a slight difference to how students use generative  AI; some may ask chatbots to write their papers for them in large parts or in full, while others may use the tools as an aid or a brainstorm partner. Detection tools themselves have a risk of discrimination. English language learners may be more likely to set them off; a 2023 study found a 61.3 percent false positive rate when evaluating Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) exams with seven different AI  detectors. “This is hard. I understand why people want a tool,”  says Emily Isaacs, executive director of the Office of Faculty Excellence at Montclair State. But Isaacs says the university is concerned about potentially discriminatory results from AI detectors, as well as the fact that the tools can’t provide confirmation the way they can with plagiarism. 8．What did Turnitin find? A．All submitted papers were written by generative AI. B．AI wrote 80% of the content of the papers they had collected. C．AI could only be used to improve language instead of content of papers. D．AI may have created one fifth of the content among 11% of the submitted papers. 9．What can we learn about generative AI? A．It sometimes produces discriminatory content. B．It will surely lead to the death of English class essays. C．It’s getting popular for its accuracy and quick response. D．It has been officially accepted in published academic writing. 10．What do Paragraphs 4-5 mainly focus on? A．The ways to detect plagiarism in paper writing. B．The challenges of using plagiarism detection tools. C．The differences between plagiarism and original writing. D．The advantages of applying AI detectors to fighting plagiarism. 11．How does Emily Isaacs respond to the use of detection tools? A．She supports it. B．She’s against it. C．She doesn’t care. D．She’s cautious. D A recent study by UCLA Health discovered that women who feel lonely show brain activity in areas linked to cravings and the drive to eat, particularly when viewing images of high-calorie foods like sugary treats. These women also displayed unhealthy eating habits and suffered from poor mental health. Arpana Gupta, Ph. D．, a researcher and co-director of the UCLA Goodman-LuskinMicrobiome Center, wanted to research the negative impacts of loneliness, especially as people continue to be working remotely after the COVID-19 pandemic, and how the brain interacts with social isolation, eating habits, and mental health. While it is established that obesity is linked to depression and anxiety and that overeating is understood to be a coping mechanism (机制) against loneliness, Gupta wanted to observe the brain pathways associated with these feelings and behaviors. The researchers surveyed 93 women about their support system and their feelings of loneliness and isolation, then separated them into two groups: those who scored high on the perceived social loneliness scale, and those who scored low. The researchers found that women who had higher levels of social loneliness tended to have higher fat mass, lower diet quality, reward-based eating, and uncontrolled eating, and increased levels of anxiety and depression. The women were then shown pictures of food versus non-food, sweet food versus non-food, and savory food versus non-food. MRI scans recorded the participants’ brain activity while they viewed these images. The researchers found that the group of women who perceived themselves to be lonely experienced increased activation in regions of the brain associated with greater drive to eat sugary foods, and decreased activation in the brain region associated with self-control toward eating behaviors. “These findings are interesting because it provides evidence for what we intuitively (直觉地) know,” Gupta said. “When people are alone or lonely, it impacts more than how they are feeling; they underreport what they eat, and their desire to eat unhealthy foods.” 12．Which word is closest in meaning to “craving”  in Paragraph 1? A．Desire. B．Willingness. C．Discipline. D．Ambition. 13．What’s the function of Paragraph 2? A．Providing earlier research results. B．Explaining the research methods. C．Introducing the research background. D．Telling the significance of the research. 14．Which of the following statements matches the findings of this research? A．The lonelier women feel, the less they eat. B．Obesity is linked to depression and anxiety. C．Loneliness can drive women to eat more sugary food. D．Lonely women often lie about their mental problems. 15．What is the best title for the text? A．Eating the Way to Happiness B．Feeding the “Lonely Brain” C．Loneliness Leads to Obesity D．Food Sweetens Sad Souls 浙江省杭州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 一、阅读理解 A Application Requirements for LSU To apply for admission to Louisiana State University (LSU), you'll need to consider the following requirements: ● Academic Record: ◯A high school GPA of at least 3.0 based on 19 core units. If you have a 3.77GPA or above, you have a very good chance of being admitted. ◯LSU considers your academic performance in high school and who you are as a student, not only inside but also outside the classroom. ◯LSU is a test-optional institution, which means you can choose whether or not to submit standardized test scores (SAT or ACT). Test Scores: ◯If you decide to submit test scores, the minimum requirements are: SAT: At least 1030(with at least 450 in critical reading and 460 in math). ACT: At least 23. ● Application Submission: ◯Use the Common Application for first-year applicants. It serves as both the application for admission and the application for all merit-based scholarships offered by LSU. ◯If you're interested in the Ogden Honors College, this application also serves as your Ogden Honors College application. ◯Create an account as a First-Year Student on the Common App. ◯Search for “Louisiana State University”  and add LSU to your colleges. ◯Complete all sections under the Common App and LSU tabs. ◯Once everything is complete, submit your application. ◯The application fee is $50. ●Additional Considerations: ◯While not required, you may choose to submit letters of recommendation from your teachers. ◯If you're an international applicant, TOEFL score is preferred. 1．What is the key factor that affects admission to LSU? A．High school GPA． B．Critical Reading and math ability. C．Standardized test scores. D．Participation points in the classroom. 2．What must be offered during the admission application process? A．The application fee. B．The TOEFL test score. C．Three different applications. D．A teacher's recommendation letter. 3．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A test introduction. B．An admission guide. C．An application letter. D．A freshman handbook. B About 15 years ago, I was working at a sewing(缝纫) machine when I lost focus and put the needle straight through my left middle finger - the wound never quite recovered. It's the kind of warning teachers tell new sewists, but it also creates a metaphor for a feeling that maybe familiar to the 7. 7 million people who enjoy sewing as a hobby: the effect of sewing lives on under our skin It's a theme that runs through historian Barbara Burman's book exploring the cultural history of sewing: The Point of the Needle: Why Sewing Matters. For Barbara, her own interest in sewing is something that can be traced back through her life. “I grew up in a poor household, and I had two very practical parents,” she recalls. “My mother actually taught sewing, dressmaking, and soft tailoring, so I was surrounded by people making things and talking about tools. My interest in sewing comes from an interest in the history of ordinary people, particularly women's lives. I  feel that it's a kind of untold story. We're so used to it that we don't think about it. We put our clothes on, and there we are. But I wanted to look at what sewing actually means at an individual level, as well as a more global level.” We notice the invention of electricity and countless other creations-but sewing, despite the fact that we couldn't go about our daily lives without it, is often overlooked. When I ask Barbara why the story of sewing is largely untold, she has some insight. “Mostly because it's connected so thoroughly with women, and women have always been, as it were, ‘second rate’,”  she explains. “We’ve also lived with this quite false separation between working with our brains and working with our hands. So manual work is thought of as secondary to head work. But, in fact, our hands, and particularly our sense of touch, give us such a huge amount of information in the world. Countless studies have confirmed how beneficial crafts can be for our mental health and well-being.” 4．What does the underlined part in paragraph 1 imply? A．Sewing may cause physical injury to sewists. B．Sewing is rooted in people's life for a long time. C．Sewing holds a deep meaning for sewing lovers. D．Sewing is popular with a large number of people. 5．What's mainly talked about in paragraph 2? A．How Barbara's parents taught her to sew. B．What sewing meant to the general public. C．How Barbabra got interested in sewing. D．What family environment Barbara grew up in. 6．Why is the story of sewing ignored according to Barbara? A．Women and manual work are undervalued. B．People take no interest in the history of sewing. C．Sewing is not as important as other inventions. D．People prefer technology rather than hand-craft. 7．What does Barbara think of sewing? A．It is a dying craft. B．It is a secondary job. C．It is a dangerous practice. D．It is a rewarding skill. C Most people walk. But that seemingly simple act is actually a series of movements, each requiring their own timing and path. Not only that, everybody has a special style of walking, and if you know someone well enough, you can probably identify him by his movements, even from far away. A new paper published in the Journal of Nonverbal Behavior presents a technique for making assumptions about a person's entire personality based on their walk. The 29participants first took the Big Five Inventory, a commonly used personality test helping predict patterns in a person's thought and behaviour, social skills, tendency to worry, creativity and intellect and extraversion (外向性). The researchers then recorded and analyzed the gaits (步态) of each participant. “We found that larger relative-upper-to-lower body movement was a strong predictor of aggression,”  says co-author Liam Satchell, a PhD student at the University of Portsmouth. This research mathematically explains previous research where “distinctive”  gait was helpful in predicting upcoming crimes through security cameras. If police officers were trained in recognizing aggressive gaits, they might be able to prevent crimes before they happened. Satchell adds,  “Possibly a further scientific exploration could reveal more evidence that the behaviors of another person can be predicted from how they move through space.” One such study has come out recently. PLOS Computational Biology published a model to predict the probability of the path and timing of the parts of the movement shared by all people, and even the movements shared by people who have similar personality traits(特点) or are in the same moods -like people who are aggressive or bad-tempered. Dr. Lars Lau Rakêt, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Copenhagen,  says, “In our model, we can combine information from thousands of movement patterns to get precise information about the structure of the movement, which ultimately allows us to judge whether the movement of an individual differs significantly from what we would expect to see in a given situation.” 8．What did the study participants experience in the research? A．They had their personality assessed. B．They completed a series of physical tasks. C．They were monitored through security cameras. D．They were observed in various social situations. 9．According to Satchell, in what field may their research results be applied? A．Scientific exploration. B．Behavioral correction. C．Security service. D．Personality development. 10．What can Dr. Lars Lau Rakêt's model assist researchers to do? A．Recover missing information. B．Copy human behaviors. C．Adjust undesirable personalities. D．Identify unique movements. 11．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To discuss how experiments change our perspective. B．To present a new model for predicting human behavior. C．To highlight the importance of applying computer science. D．To introduce the findings about a person's pace and personality. D During the last 12 months, have you looked at photographs with family or friends? During the last 12 months, have you taken any photographs or videos to preserve memories? In the nationwide survey in 1995 of nearly 1, 500 people, 91% of respondents (受访者) said they'd looked at photographs with family or friends and83% had taken a photograph in the past year. If the survey were repeated today, those numbers would certainly be higher. The popularity of smartphone cameras and social media has led to an increase in photo-taking and sharing, from capturing everyday moments to special occasions. So are all of these captured moments, these personal memories, a part of history?  For historians Roy Rosenzweig and David Thelen, the answer is YES, and they believe the very concept of history is developing. They led the 1995 survey to understand how people thought about the past. This groundbreaking study was welcomed by historians and those working in museums, because it helped them to think about the public's understanding of their field. Little did Rosenzweig and Thelen know the subject of history was about to be affected by a host of technologies. For example, over a third of the survey's respondents said they had researched their family history. The activity got much easier the following year, whenPaulBrentAllenandDanTaggartlaunchedAncestry.com, which is now one of the largest online genealogical (宗谱的) databases. Researching your family tree no longer means studying documents in the local library. The survey also asked whether respondents had watched a movie or television show about history in the last year; four-fifths responded they had. The survey was conducted shortly before the 1 January 1995 launch of the History Channel, which opened the floodgates on history-themed TV. Nowadays, streaming services let people watch historical documentaries non stop on demand. Today, people aren't just watching history. They're recording it and sharing it in real time. As these technologies become commonplace, they are rewriting the official account of history. Maybe the best way to think about Rosenzweig and Thelen's survey is that it offered a snapshot(快照) of public habits, as those habits were about to change unavoidably. 12．What is the 1995 survey mainly about? A．Different family traditions. B．Public understanding of history. C．Effects of personal memories on family history. D．The behavior of camera and social media users. 13．What might be a part of history according to Rosenzweig and Thelen? A．Live-streaming services. B．Personal opinions on history. C．Photos taken by smartphones. D．The idea of genealogical database. 14．According to the last paragraph, the 1995 survey . A．fails to keep up with technology B．just reflects public habits back then C．suggests the importance of history D．provides contexts for historical research 15．What could be the best title for the passage? A．Technology Speeds the Development of History B．Smartphones May Rewrite the Official History C．Historians Find a New Way to Explore the Past D．Technology Can Change Our Concept of History 浙江省丽水市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A 、B 、C和 D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题 卡上将该项涂黑。 A These new acquisitions include works by some of the youngest living artists ever collected by the British Museum, presented alongside works by famous artists from Mary Delany and Edouard Manet, to Barbara Hepworth, Andy Warhol and Yinka Shonibare. The show will be touring venues around the UK from the October 2023 to July2024. In this surprising and thought-provoking selection, emerging artists take the medium of drawing in new directions and use innovative approaches. A wide range of techniques and practices are represented, including drawings using make-upon face wipes by Sin Wai Kin and a drawing made with chalk collected from the White Cliffs of Dover by Josephine Baker. Artists show how drawing, often considered a quiet or private medium, can be used to challenge social norms(规范), explore identity and protest injustice. Catherine Anyango Grünewald has described the time and labour invested in her monumental drawings as a “direct admiration” for their subjects, often the victims of institutional crimes. The painstaking detail of Irish artist Miriam de Burca's drawings of earth forces us to confront an uncomfortable history. This tour has evolved from an exhibition at the British Museum, and each gallery will offer their unique take on the works. Supported by the Dorset Foundation in memory of Harry M Weinrebe. 21. What can we learn from the first paragraph? A. The tour has a duration of one year and a half. B. Visitors can enjoy the tour only in the British Museum. C. Some works on exhibition were created by young artists D. Famous artists can teach visitors painting skills in person. 22. What do Sin WaiKin and Josephine Baker have in common? A. They employ innovative methods. B. They represent famous artists. C. They collect surprising drawings. D. They prefer a new but risky direction. 23. Who makes efforts to show respect to the subjects of works? A. Mary Delany B. Harry MWeinrebe. C. Barbara Hepworth. D. Catherine Anyango Grünewald. B Different people have different ambitions in life such as doctors. For as long as I can remember I always liked teaching people something. From my childhood, I taught whatever I learned in school. It started with helping some trying to tie their shoelaces or making my younger siblings remember alphabets through a sing-song rhythm. This profession will enable me to make my humble contribution to the building of my nation by instilling the spirit of nationalism and patriotism in my students. The sense of accomplishment I used to feel when the other person finally learned whatever it was that I had been teaching them was indescribable The main reason I always wanted to teach was that firstly I thought teaching comes naturally to me and secondly, I always had the utmost respect for my teacher, who knew my strengths and weakness more than I did. According to Plato, education is the turning of the inner eye towards the light. By adopting the profession of teaching, I can hope to perform this stupendous task. I aspire to make a difference in others’ lives through education. I'm studying to be an elementary schoolteacher because I believe that children can achieve so much more if they learn early of their potential. My parents taught me as a child that schooling was vital to success in life. Truly, that lesson has been the most important in my path to college. I don't think I would have made it this far had I not taken my education seriously. What started from teaching my siblings in their homework ended in me volunteering to teach underprivileged children and making me realize that in this world there could be never enough educators and there are people in this world who are always in need of learning. I want to teach others about the importance of education so they too can prosper. Everything I'm learning at university is important for my future career and, if I don't study it, I'm failing my future students. In view of the foregoing reasons, I am convinced that my preference to become a teacher is a step in the right direction. I will, therefore, spare no effort to achieve this ambition of my life. 24. The author mentioned the childhood experience to A. share the sense of accomplishment B. advocate nationalism and patriotism C. explain the inborn passion for teaching D. introduce several ways to help others 25. What does the word “stupendous” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to? A. Impossible. B. Impressive. C. Indescribable. D. Imaginary. 26. What inspires the author to become an elementary school teacher? A. The significance of education. B. The power of students' potential. C. The life of the university. D. The successful career of parents 27. What has the author learned from the voluntary work? A. Being a teacher is effortless. B. Poor children fail to be educators. C. Studying in university is not enough. D. Education should be accessible to all. C Researchers from the GIGA—Center of Research Cyclotron at the University of Liège have discovered that the sleeping body reacts to the external world while sleeping, which explains how some sensory input might influence sleep quality. Researchers from ULiège worked with the University of Fribourg in Switzerland to study if the body genuinely disconnects from the outside world while sleeping. They focused on how the heartbeat changes when we hear different words while sleeping. They discovered that calming words reduced cardiac(心脏的)activity as a reflection of deeper sleep, in contrast to neutral phrases, which did not have the same effect. This result, reported in the Journal of Sleep Research, throws fresh light on brain-heart interactions during sleep. A previous study analyzing brain data showed that relaxing words increased deep sleep duration and sleep quality, showing that we can positively influence sleep using meaningful words. By that time, the authors reasoned that the brain might still process sensory input in a way that made our bodies feel more relaxed after hearing soothing phrases while sleeping. In this new study, the authors were able to measure cardiac activity to test this idea and discovered that the heart slows down only after the display of calming phrases. Markers of cardiac and brain activity were then compared to understand how much they contributed to the modulation(演变)of sleep by auditory information. Cardiac activity has been indeed proposed to contribute to the way we perceive the world directly, but such evidence has so far been obtained in wakefulness. With these results, the ULiège researchers showed that it was also true in sleep, offering a new perspective on the essential role of bodily reactions beyond brain data for our understanding of sleep “Most of sleep research focuses on the brain and rarely investigates bodily activity, ”says Dr. Schmidt. This study takes a more complete approach to the modulation of sleep functions by sensory information. By investigating cardiac reactions to noises, we may be able to research in the future the involvement of the body in the way sounds influence emotional processing of memories while sleeping. 28. What can we learn about the sleeping body from the first two paragraphs? A. It disconnects from the outside world. B. It reacts positively to calming words. C. It makes no response to neutral words. D. It suffers the changes of the heartbeat 29. What did the new study focus on? A. Unpleasant noise. B. The modulation of sleep C. Cardiac activity. D. The function of the brain. 30. Why were the markers compared? A. To understand the world directly. B. To obtain information in wakefulness. C. To study the impact of sensory input on sleep. D. To test the accuracy of auditory information. 31. What is the author's attitude toward the new study? A. Unclear. B. Indifferent. C. Doubtful. D. Approving. D Ten years ago, Britain's first stretch of all-lane running (ALR) “smart” motorway was introduced, with more to follow. As a way to ease congestion(堵塞)without spending money on widening roads, ALR motorways function without a hard shoulder for drivers in difficulty. As they were rolled out, motorists were assured that the emergency lane would not be missed, as new technologies would be able to respond to breakdowns, and control traffic flow. The public was understandably doubtful about how smart this idea was, and it turned out the public was right. Smart motorways without a hard shoulder have been found to be three times more dangerous than ones where drivers have that option. Behind the data lie terrible incidents, in which stationary(不动的)vehicles have been ploughed into from behind with serious consequences. Rightly, Rishi Sunak last year stopped plans for more ALR motorways, citing a lack of public confidence. But he should go further. The RAC this week called for a hard shoulder to be restored on all smart motorways. That advice should be listened to in Whitehall and acted upon. A 2021 House of Commons transport committee report made shockingly clear that before rolling the “no emergency lane” policy out, ministers driven by the desire to save money failed to do due diligence on the safety risks attached. Since then, plans to retrofit(翻新)refuge areas along motorway routes have proceeded at a snail's pace. Of the 150 emergency areas due to be in place by next year, only a tiny proportion have been delivered. Even when all are up and running, the risk of a catastrophic breakdown in onrushing traffic will remain. At a minimum, the government should move to a system of “dynamic” motorways, where emergency lanes are only opened to traffic at particularly busy periods. But the preferable solution would be to restore a permanent hard shoulder. This could be done while keeping the benefits of investment in technical innovations that allow traffic to be better monitored and flexibly regulated. Mr Sunak did the right thing in bringing a foolish experiment to an end. The next task is to correct the damage already done. 32. Why were ALR motorways introduced? A. To reduce serious traffic accidents. B. To relieve traffic jam at low costs C. To save money on road maintenance. D. To improve motorists' driving skills. 33. What can we infer from paragraph 2? A. Roads with a hard shoulder posed little threat. B. Smart motorways failed to win public favor. C. Ministers were driven by the greed for money D. Rishi Sunak was forced to stop smart motorways. 34. What does the author suggest the government do? A. Build more emergency areas B. Invest in technical advances C. Calculate the potential damage. D. Keep a hard shoulder in place. 35. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Smart Motorways Are Not Clever Without a Hard Shoulder B. Smart Motorways Witnessed Catastrophic Breakdowns C. Smart Motorways Benefit From Technological Innovation D. Smart Motorways Raised the Doubts of the General Public 浙江省台州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 第一节(共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Every month, a new contest will begin. Poetry. com prides itself in supporting and encouraging all writers, regardless of background, education or experience. How does it work? Submit an original poem or choose one of your existing poems from the site. Check out our entry criteria, and then submit your entry before the deadline! The following month, we will announce the winners on our contest Summary Page. Additionally, all nominated(提名的) poems will be displayed on our site and will feature a special badge(徽章). What about the awards? The top three winners will receive cash prizes. Five runners-up will receive a personalized teacup featuring their winning poem. And that's not all—at the end of the year, the twelve monthly winners will compete for the Poem of the Year grand prize of$1, 000. How do you decide who wins? In this contest, you are the judges! Every nominee is qualified for one vote, each vote worth a single point. Once all the applications have been received or the submission period has been reached, you will be able to vote. You are not allowed to vote for yourself, and not voting will lower your poem grade by one point. Yes! All our contestants are judges too! Our poetry contests boast a clever twist! Our vision is that poetry is like art—it can be viewed and interpreted in various ways and it all comes down to taste and opinion. We offer judging guidelines to outline the key aspects of a good poem and encourage you to bring your own knowledge and experience together with ours when voting yourselves. We believe in our community and its power to create! Let the games begin! 21. How many contestants will get awards in June? A. Three. B. Five C. Eight. D. Nine. 22. What would be the consequence of forgetting to vote? A. Heavy fine. B. Point loss. C. Withdrawal of badge D. Failure of competition. 23. Who are the intended readers? A. Poem fanciers. B. New judges. C. Contest organizers. D. Final winners. B Visitors to Wolfe's printing shop can't miss the statuesque hand-press machine that stands tall near the front door. There, Wolfe makes beautiful books, prints, posters and more. Rather than using new technologies, Wolfe prints the way people did in the 15th century: Letters are cast in lead, then locked together, inked and pressed into paper. Wolfe typically juggles several projects at once. On a recent afternoon, he has just paused production while waiting for a shipment of handmade paper. He was then using the time instead to create designs for another project. He might also be teaming up with artist and friend Hewitt to design a poster for an anniversary. Letterpress printing couldn't be more tedious . Every piece of type has to be placed by hand and then put away piece by piece when done to be reused for future projects. But Wolfe showed no sign of impatience. Hewitt, who has known Wolfe for 20 years, has cooperated with him nonmultiplex projects. Hewitt recalled a project he and Wolfe worked on together: a “Hopeful” sign on the roof of a nonprofit gallery. Hewit intended to find a modern printer to facilitate the process. Wolfe, however, was pleased with the design by himself. Wolfe now works with both modern-day printers and machines that are hundreds of years old. His letterpress and hot-metal casting machines, about 10 in all, fill his spacious shop. Despite their age and frequent use, the devices appear well cared for. Each one has a story, which Wolfe enjoys sharing. Lately, Wolfe has been mentoring an apprentice(学徒), a student from nearby college of art and design, who shares his taste for tedium. He says it's important for the printmaker to preserve and transmit the traditional techniques to a new generation. “The computer didn't kill my business. It made it stronger, ”Wolfe says. “The product I make is high-end. A finely printed book is a beautiful object and a reminder of the past when books were vital keepers of information. ” 24. What do we know about Wolfe? A. He is an amateur printer. B. He is a collector of old books. C. He is a skillful craftsman. D. He is a follower of new fashions. 25. Which of the following can replace the underlined word "tedious" in paragraph 2? A. boring B. pleasing C. dissatisfying D. labor-saving 26. Why is Hewitt's project with Wolfe mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To introduce their jobs. B. To emphasize the working style of Wolfe. C. To clarify their relationship. D. To share the artistic achievements of Wolfe. 27. What motivates Wolfe's printing career? A. His love for the modern techniques. B. His desire to pass down letter pressing. C. His determination to beat computer. D. His preference for the traditional equipment. C It might seem like a fish needs a car like—well, like a fish needs a bicycle. But a new experiment suggests that fishes actually make pretty good drivers and fishes' understanding of space and navigation is not limited to their natural environment in the water. In a recent experiment, researchers taught six goldfishes to drive a water tank. They put the fishes into a tank full of water and attach the tank on wheels. Then the water tank, equipped with a camera that continually track the fish's position and orientation(定位)inside the tank, was put in a room. When the fishes swam toward a direction in the water tank, the tank headed in that direction in the room. In this way, fishes were schooled to drive the tank from the center of a small room toward a pink board on one wall by giving the fish a treat whenever it reached the wall. During their first sessions, the fishes averaged about 2. 5 successful trips to the target. During their final sessions, fishes averaged about 17. 5 successful trips. By the end of driver's education, the animals also took faster, more direct routes to their goal. In further experiments, the researchers tried to trick the goldfish by placing boards of different colors on the other walls. The fishes were not fooled, and navigated to the pink board. “That was pretty conclusive that the fish actually navigate, ”says study coauthor Ben-Shahar. Recently, the team let a goldfish take a joyride throughout an entire building. He added, “And it actually started to explore. It went down one of the corridors and started to sneak away. ” Behavioral neuroscientist Lambert is not completely surprised, but still fascinated by the driving abilities of the goldfish. In her own research, Lambert has taught rats to drive toy cars. But teaching goldfish to navigate takes animal driving experiments to the next level. Lambert says, “I love the fish-out-of-water idea. ”When it comes to testing the bounds of animal navigation, “it's important to diversify and expand our tasks and our species, ”Lambert adds. 28. What does paragraph 2 focus on? A. Where to place the tracking camera. B. Why were goldfishes chosen. C. How many sessions were conducted. D. How to carry out the experiment. 29. The further experiments found the goldfish could find the destination even if __________. A. no boards were placed B. the walls stood far away C. they weren't given a treat D. there existed distractions 30. According to Lambert, what will be explored in their future study? A. Navigation ability of more species. B. Potential application of water tanks C. Basic strategies of training animals. D. Further explanations of rats' driving. 31. What is the purpose of the text? A. To analyze animal behaviors. B. To introduce a scientific discovery. C. To promote navigation devices. D. To explain a psychological phenomenon. D Climate models can give us a preview of how humanity's actions—or inaction—will change our planet over the coming decades and centuries. But because the planet is such a complex system, they aren't perfect: climate models have uncertainties that grow larger as they go farther into the future. :Scientists and engineers from across the country are teaming up to build a new type of climate model that is designed to provide more. precise and actionable predictions. Current climate modeling relies on dividing up the globe into a grid(格子)and then computing what is going on in each sector of the grid, as well a show the sectors interact with each other. Limitations in available computer processing power mean that those sectors generally cannot be any smaller than tens of kilometers per side. But for climate modeling, the devil is in the details—details that get missed in a too-large grid. “For cities planning their stormwater management facilities to resist the next 100 years' worth of floods, this is a serious issue. Concrete answers about the likely range of climate outcomes are key for planning. ”says Tapio Schneider, senior research scientist at CliMA. Weighing recent advances in the computational and data sciences, the team plans to step incandesce of the partners brings a different strength and research expertise to the project. “Our goal is a new model that projects future changes in critical variables such as cloud cover, sea ice extent, and rainfall more accurately—with uncertainties at least half the size of those in existing models. ”said Dr. Andrew, the team leader. One doubter about the application of climate models is Raffaele Ferrari, a Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Oceanography at MIT. “Using a model, we become puppeteers, masters of a giant system that is, in truth, beyond human control. We can cool or heat the planet at will, add salt or ice or rain or dust in any amount we want, ”Dr. Ferrari says. “We have no backup planet. How climate models are used remains to be seen. ” 32. Why are climate models built? A. To collect scientific data. B. To monitor human actions. C. To deliver useful forecasts. D. To maintain social systems. 33. What is the problem of current climate modeling? A. Shortage of facilities. B. Reliance on computers. C. Inability to get smaller grids. D. Limitation in simplifying details. 34. What does the team aim to do? A. Investigate serious issues. B. Guarantee the safety of the city. C. Change the future climate. D. Improve the accuracy of the models. 35. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Climate models enjoys great popularity. B. Scientists have created a new climate model. C. Doubts about climate models are disappearing. D. Caution is advised in the use of climate models. 答案： 浙江省宁波市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．D 14．D 15．B 浙江省衢州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．C 15．B 浙江省杭州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 1-3 AAB 4-7 CCAD 8-11 ACDD 12-15 BCBD 浙江省丽水市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 21—23 CAD 24—27 CBAD 28—31 BCCD 32—35 BBDA 浙江省台州市2023-2024学年高二下学期期末英语试题 21-23 CBA 24-27 CABB 28-31 DDAB 32-35 CCDD 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$