内容正文:
Unit 3 Our animal friends
课时3语法
课时精讲
代词是代替名词、名词词组或更高层次的语法结构的词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的
功能。英语中的代词,按其特点分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问
代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种。在这一单元中,我们主要掌握人称代词,物主代词和
反身代词的用法。
》【复习一】人称代词
人称代词是表示我、你、他、她、它、我们、你们、他们的词。人称代词分为主格和宾格。
人称代词
我
你
他
她
它
我们
你们
他们
主格
宾格
【解析1】人称代词的主格一般在句中作主语。如:
I am a worker.I work in the factory.我是一名工人,我在工厂工作。
You are a good teacher.你是一名优秀的教师。
She is a little girl.她是一个小女孩。
They are always ready to help us.他们总是愿意帮助我们。
【解析2】人称代词的宾格在句中可以作及物动词或介词的宾语。如:
Our teacher is very strict with us..我们的老师对我们很严格。
Please help me with my English..请帮我学英语。
【解析3】人称代词需要注意的情况:第一人称单数代词“I(我)”不论在什么地方都要大写。如:
I study English every day,我天天学英语。
My mother and I go there by bus.妈妈和我坐公交去那里。
【复习二】形容词性物主代词8.名词性物主代词
表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词。物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代
词。
物主代词
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他们的
形容词性
名词性
【解析1】形容词性物主代词可用作定语。如:
I love my country.我热爱我的国家。
Is this your car?这是你的汽车吗?
His name is Tom.他的名字是汤姆。
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金典训练英语·七年级·下册
【解析2】名词性物主代词可用作主语,宾语,表语以及与of连接的定语。如:
Li Hua's bike is red,and yours is green.李华的自行车是红色的,而你的是绿色的。
That car is mine,not yours..那辆汽车是我的,不是你的。
These books are ours.这些书是我们的。
Tom's bike is broken..He is using mine.汤姆的自行车坏了,他现在在用我的。
Yesterday I met a friend of mine in the street.昨天我在街上碰见了我的一位朋友。
【语法点一】反身代词
表示我自己,你自己,他自己,它自己,我们自己,你们自己,他们自己等的词叫做反身代词。
反身代词
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
我自己
你自己
他自己
她自己
它自己
单数
我们自己
你们自己
他们自己
复数
反身代词的构成
【解析1】第一、第二人称的反身代词由形容词性物主代词加上self,selves构成。如:
myself我自己:ourselves我们自己:yourself你自己;yourselves你们自己
【解析2】第三人称的反身代词是由宾格加上-self,selves构成。如:
himself他自己;herself她自己:itself它自己:themselves他们/她们/它们自己
反身代词的用法
【解析1】反身代词用作及物动词的宾语,表示动作回到动作执行者的本身。
【例题I】I teach
English.我自学英语。(teach oneself自学)
The little girl can dress
·小女孩能自己穿衣服。(dress oneself自己穿衣服)
We enjoyed
last Sunday.上周日我们玩得很高兴。(enjoy oneself玩得高兴)
Please help
to some fish.鱼肉请随便吃。(help oneself to随
便用…)
【解析2】反身代词用在主语后或句末,表示强调“本人:自己”。
【例题2】The child
drew this picture.孩子自己画的这张画。
You should ask the children
·你应该问一问孩子们自己。
I will go there
我将亲自去那里。
【语法点二】表示方位的介词
》什么是方位介词
简单地说,方位介词就是表示方位或地点的介词,常见的有at,in,on,between,inside,
outside,.in front of等等.
48
Unit 3 Our animal friends
》主要方位介词的用法
【解析1】at表示“在…处”,一般指城镇、学校、车站等较小的比较具体的地点。如:
He will arrive at the small village,他将到达这个小村庄。
【解析2】im表示“在…内部;在…里面”,表达国家、大城市、大岛屿等较大的地点。如:
What's in the box?盒子里有什么?
They arrived in Beijing yesterday.他们昨天到达了北京。
【拓展I】iein,lie on,ieto的区别和用法
(1)in表示A地在B地范围之内。如:
Shanghai lies in the east of China.上海在中国的东部。
(2)on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。如:
North Korea lies on the east of China..北朝鲜在中国的东面。
(3)to表示A地在B地范围之外,即二者之间有距离间隔。如:
Japan lies to the east of China.日本在中国的东面。
【拓展2】注意in the newspaper和in the street的含义
(l)in the newspaper在报纸上如:
She had read about it in the newspaper..关于这件事她已经在报纸上看到了。
(2)in the street在街上如:
I can see many people in the street,.我在街上能看到很多人。
【解析3】on表示“在某物的上面”,但两者互相接触。如:
My books are on that table.我的书在那张桌子上。
【拓展I】方位介词on,over,above的区别和用法
(1)on表示一物放在另一物上面,两者紧贴在一起。
(2)over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系,即“在…垂直上方”。如:
There is a bridge over the river..河上有座桥。
(3)above通常指在不垂直的上方,或者一般的“高于…”,指“在…之上”。如:
Our office is above the hairdresser's.我们的办公室就在理发店上面。
【拓展2】方位介词under,below的区别和用法
(1)under表示“在某物垂直的正下方”,两者之间接触或者不接触。如:
My cat is under my chair..猫就在我的椅子下面。
She had a T-shirt on under her sweater.她在毛衣里面穿了件T恤衫。
(2)below表示“低于…,在…之下”,不垂直,不接触。如:
See the note below.参见底下的注释。
【解析4】behind表示“在某物的后面”。如:
There is a garden behind the house.屋后有个花园。
49
金典训练英语·七年级·下册
【解析5】in front of表示“在…的前面”,意思正好与behind相反。如:
There are some big trees in front of our classroom.我们教室前面有一些大树。
【拓展】方位介词短语in front of,in the front of的区别和用法
(I)in front of指在某物的外部的前方;意思是“在…的前面”。
(2)in the front of指在某物的内部靠前的地方:意思是“在…的前部”。如:
The driver is always in the front of the bus.司机总在公交车的前部。
【解析6near表示“在附近”。如:
The ball is near the door.球在门旁边。
【拓展】方位介词(短语)near,beside/by,next to的区别和用法
(I)near意为“在…附近”,表示的距离比by和beside稍远些,也时常换用。如:
There is a theatre near his home..他家附近有一家剧院。
(2)beside/by表示“在…旁边”;常可换用。如:
The hotel is beside /by the river.那家酒店在河边。
(3)next to表示“紧挨着:紧靠…的旁边”。如:
The boy sat next to his mother..男孩紧挨着他妈妈坐着。
【解析7】between表示“在…之间”;常用于搭配between…and…“在…和…之间”。如l:
Between the bookshop and the hospital is our school..我们学校就在书店和医院之间。
【拓展】between,among的区别和用法
(1)between表示“在两者之间”。如:
Don't sit between the two girls.不要坐在两个女孩子中间。
(2)among表示“在…之间(三者或以上)”。如:
We built a house among the trees..我们在树林中建了一座房子。
熟记下列介词
above-below
在…上面/在…下面
over-under
在…上面在…下面(垂直)
inside-一outside在…里面/在…外面
into-out of
进去/出来
behind-一in front of在…后面/在…前面opposite
在…对面
next to紧挨着beside by在…旁边
on the right of在右边
on the left of在…左边
in the right-hand corner
在右手边的角落里
in the left-hand corner
在左手边的角落里
课时过关
一、用适当的人称代词、物主代词、反身代词填空,使句子完整通顺
1.-Are
a middle school student now?
-Yes,
study in Yucai School.
2.-Look!What is under the chair?
-Oh!
is my cat.
50
Unit 3 Our animal friends
3.-I am so hungry.Please give
something to eat.
What about some bread?
4.-My sister studies very hard at school.
-Oh,
is a good student.No wonder (all the teachers like
5.I have a new pen pal from America.
(Her.'Hers)name is Nancy.
6.-My bike is black.What about
(your/yours)?
-0h,
(my mine)is red.
(Our/Ours)classroom is big,but
(their/theirs)is bigger.
8.The little boy can dress
now.
9.Many nice clothes are on sale in our store.Have a look by
10.Did you enjoy
at Linda's birthday party last night,May?
11.Nobody helped me.I finished the job all by
12.Don't worry.The children are old enough to take care of
二,用方位介词填空
1.There is a bag
the teachers'desk,with some books and some chalk.
2.An old man was sitting
the tree.
3.Tom stood
his parents.That is,he was in the middle.
4.Japan lies
the east of China.
5.Beijing is
the north of China.
6.I can't see the blackboard clearly.Two tall boys are sitting
me.
7.There is a map of China
the wall of our classroom.
8.The teacher came in with a book
his hand.
9.Mr Smith lives
that building.His house is
the fifth floor.
10.Some people are waiting
the bus stop..They are standing in a queue(排队).
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或
使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Last Sunday Sue had a very happy birthday party.Many of her 1.
(friend)
came over to her party and gave 2.
(she)a lot of gifts.
Tom gave her 3.
book called Harry Potter.When Sue opened Lily's gift,she was
very 4.
(surprise).She also got other gifts and then she asked her mother."But
Mom.5.
about your gift?”
"Go and look for your gift in your bedroom,"her mom said.Sue ran 6.
(quick)to her room.On her bed she 7.
(see)a small red box.There 8.
(be)
nothing but a card in it.It read:
"Dear Sue.I'm your gift.My 9.
(one)three letters are the same as the letters of
the word 'come'.My last two letters are the same as the letters of the word 'water'.My
middle three letters are the same as the letters of the word 'put'.What am I?"
Sue thought for a few minutes,10.
then said,“Oh,Great!Thank you,Mom”.
51七年级下册(牛津版)参考答案
二、信息获取
二、
第一节听选信息
1.helpful
2.to climb
3.take
1-6 ACACAB
4.probably
5.his
6.to lead
第二节回答问题
7.breaking
8.to stay
9.yourself
7-10 BCAB
10.look
三、1-5 CBAAC
6-10 CBBDC
第三节听填信息
Il.two
12.lake
13.swimming
课时2阅读
14.flowers
15.Americans
【课时精讲】
{(课时过关]
1.I arrive at/get to/reach school at 7:30 a.m.and arrive home
一、I一5 FCEBA
/get home/reach home at 5 p.m.every day.
二、1-5 EFABC
2.to keep
4.on my own
5.apology
8.without
课时5写作
9.finally
【课时过关】
课时过关
、
1.a rescue dog
2.be welcome to do sth.
Dear Jack,
3.arrive at/get to/reach
4.by oneself
As the capital of Shaanxi Province,Xi'an is in the
5.a blind man
6.apologize to sb.
north-west of China.It has a very long history and there are
7.lead (sb.)to=take (sb.)to
many places of interest in Xi'an,such as Terra-cotta
8.be asleep/fall asleep
9.wake sb.up
Warriors,Bell Tower and Big Wild Goose Pagoda.Xi'an is
10.some time later
famous for all kinds of delicious food.The weather in Xi'an
11.save one's life
is warm.Every year,hundreds and thousands of visitors
12.
at the bottom of the door
from all over the world come to visit Xi'an.
13.see sb.doing sth.
14.get down
I hope one day we can visit it together!
15.next to=beside
16.get...out of
Yours,
二、
Liu Wei
1.to let
2.a
3.without
二、1-5 DBACA
4.led
5.asleep
6.towels
Unit 3
7.for
8.him
9.but
Our animal friends
10.dangerous
课时1词汇
三、1-5 BBADC
【课时精讲
【拓展训练了
1.to realize:to
2.meaning
1.in 2.and
3.on
4.on 5.of
3.(1)tog0
(2)speaking
(3)allowed
课时3语法
4.(1)to
(2)apology
5.(2)①are
(3)①are②B
(课时精讲了
②is
【课时过关
【复习一】
主格:Iyou;he;she:itwe;you;they
一、
宾格:mc;you;him;hcr:it;us:you;them
I.useful
2.rescuer
3.meaning
【复习二】
4.receptionists
5.apology
6.led
形容词性:my:your;his;her;its;our;your;their
7.woke/waked
8.final
9.disappear
名词性:mine;yours;his:hers:its;ous;yours;theirs
10.action/activity
3
客效课堂宝典圳练英语
【语法点一】
Because some animals can give us a lot of help.For
单数:myself;yourself,himself,:herself;itself
example,guide dogs are the eyes of the blind.Horses are
复数:ourselves;yourselves:themselves
the soldiers'legs.And cows give a lot of milk to us every
例题l::myself,.herself,ourselves;yourselfyourselves
day.The hens produce eggs every day.Some kinds of
例题2:himself,themselves;myself
animals are interesting.Animals help us a lot.They are our
【课时过关】
friends.But some animals are in great danger.So we should
do something to save them.
1.you;I
2.t
3.me
二、1—5
AABDC
4.she;her
5.Her
6.yours;mine
Unit 4 Save the trees
7.Our;theirs
8.himself
9.yourselves
10.yourself
11.myself
12.themselves
课时1词汇
【课时精讲了
1.on
2.under
3.between
1.B
2.to discuss
3.against
4.to
5.in
6.in front of
4.imagines
5.harmful
6.in
7.0m
8.in
9.in:on
7.of:in
10.at
三、
(课时过关】
1.friends
2.her
3.a
5.what
6.quickly
1.contain
4.surprised
2.discussion
3.branches
7.saw
8.was
9.first
4.fighter
5.harm
6.product
10.and
7.imagination
8.illness
9.dug
课时4听说
1.to save
2.millions
3.fighter
【听说测试了
4.gases
5.digging
6.talking
一、模仿朗读
7.harmful
8.to plant
9.living
略
10.to make
二、信息获取
三、1-5
BACCD
6-10
BDADB
第一节听选信息
课时2阅读
1-6 BCBCBB
【课时精讲】
第二节回答问题
2.(1)fetch
(2)harmful
7-10 BABB
3.①fight against/fght②fight for
4.happy
第三节听填信息
5.(1)is
(2)pieces
11.classmates
12.bicycle
13.leg
6.(1)to have
(2)having
14.deal with
15.an hour
【课时过关】
【课时过关
一、
一、1-5 CADEB
1.take in
2.in many ways
二、I一5 AFCBD
3.cut down
4.in our daily lives
5.be made of
6.look around
课时5写作
7.come from
8.air/noise pollution
【课时过关】
9.millions of
10.be good for
11.know about
12.be famous for
Animals,our friends!
13.living things
14.enjoy doing sth.
It is important to get on well with animals.Why?
15.in fact