2024年广东省中考英语二轮复习话题突破课件：话题十四 自然生态与环境保护

主题三 人与自然 话题十四 自然生态与环境保护 人教版 外研版 七下Unit 5 Why do you like pandas? 七下Unit 7 It's raining. 八下Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world? 九全Unit 8 It must belong to Carla. 九全Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth！ 七上Module 6 A trip to the zoo 八上Module 6 Animals in danger 八上Module 10 The weather 九上Module 1 Wonders of the world 九上Module 10 Australia 九上Module 12 Save our world [时文悦读·素养提升] 大熊猫“华妮”生了一对双胞胎！ ⁠ ⁠短文填空 birth start work and from care result light they country secret make On July 7, 2023, Hua Ni, a giant panda in South Korea, gave birth to a pair of cubs(幼崽).These two cubs are the first pair born in foreign 1. 　countries 　 ⁠ this year. countries 　 1．countries　空前为形容词，空处考虑填入名词，结合备选词，country符合题意，表示外国，可数名词前无冠词，应用复数。 In February, Chinese and Korean experts set up an online technical guidance① team.Under the 2. 　careful 　 ⁠ guidance of the Chinese experts, Hua Ni got pregnant(怀孕的). careful 　 birth start work and from care result light they country secret make To 3. 　make 　 ⁠ sure a smooth② birth of Hua Ni, China sent experts to South Korea.4. 　They 　 ⁠ provided guidance on managing the feeding③ and care of Hua Ni.As a 5. 　result 　 ⁠ of the efforts, Hua Ni gave birth to twins, the first at 4：52 a．m.and the second at 6：39 a．m.on Friday, Korean time.The first weighed 180 grams and the second was 140 grams 6. 　lighter 　 ⁠ than the first one. 6．lighter　这里指体重，应选择形容词light，又根据空后的than可知应使用比较级。 make 　 They 　 result 　 lighter 　 birth start work and from care result light they country secret make At present, expert teams from China and South Korea have 7. 　worked 　 ⁠ closely.They change the feeding and management plan in real time according to the actual condition of both the mother 8. 　and 　 ⁠ cubs to make sure they're healthy. worked 　 and 　 birth start work and from care result light they country secret make In March 2016, China and South Korea 9. 　started 　 ⁠ a giant panda protection and research project.Then China sent Hua Ni and Yuan Xin 10. 　from 　 ⁠ Sichuan Province to South Korea, beginning the planned 15­year research project. 9．started　根据下文“beginning the planned 15­year research project”可知此处指开始这个项目，又根据“In March 2016”可知应使用一般过去时。 短文大意：本文主要介绍了旅居韩国的大熊猫华妮生下双胞胎熊猫幼崽的情况。 started 　 from 　 一、文化意识 大熊猫被誉为“活化石”和“中国国宝”，是世界自然基金会的形象大使，也是世界生物多样性保护的旗舰物种。本文通过介绍华妮在中韩双方专家的共同协助下顺利产下双胞胎熊猫宝宝的故事，旨在使学生认识到熊猫在国际交往中的重要作用以及人类与自然和谐共生的重要性。 二、语言能力 熟词生义/同根词 ①guidance n. 　指导 　 ⁠ ②smooth adj. 　顺利的 　 ⁠ ③feeding n. 　喂养；饲养 　 ⁠ 指导 　 顺利的 　 喂养；饲养 　 三、思维品质 1．长难句分析 On July 7, 2023, Hua Ni, a giant panda in South Korea, gave birth to a pair of cubs. [主干提取]Hua Ni gave birth to a pair of cubs [成分分析]主句是主谓宾结构；“On July 7, 2023”是介词短语作时间状语；a giant panda in South Korea是Hua Ni的同位语。 2．除了文中介绍的大熊猫，你还能想到哪些中国的文化名片？来头脑风暴一下吧！ 一、核心话题词汇 动物和植物(Animals and plants) n. 1.animal动物 2.pet宠物 3.panda熊猫 4.lion狮子 5.tiger老虎 6．elephant大象 7.giraffe 长颈鹿 8.sheep绵羊 9.pig猪 10.horse马 11．mouse(pl.mice)老鼠 12.snake蛇 13.cow母牛 14.grass草 15.fish鱼 16．monkey猴子 17.bird鸟 18.dog狗 19.cat猫 20.bear熊 21．forest森林 微语境运用 I know about many different kinds of animals, such as monkeys, lions, pandas and tigers.Tigers and 1. 　lions　 ⁠ can run very fast.They catch and eat small animals in 2. 　forests　 ⁠． lions　 forests　 地貌(Landforms) n. 1.nature大自然 2.geography地理环境 3.position位置 4.place地方 5．world世界 6.island岛 7.city城市 8.river河流 9．lake湖 10.sea/ocean海 11.coast海岸 12.pool池塘 13．bank河岸 14.beach海滩 15.desert沙漠 16．hill/mountain山 17.field田野；田地 18.soil土壤 微语境运用 Why do people go to so much trouble to turn the mountains into terraces(梯田)? Firstly, it means that they can have more 1. 　places/fields　 ⁠ to grow rice.Secondly, the flat terraces catch the rainwater and stop the 2. 　soil　 ⁠ from being washed away.People have worked in harmony(和谐) with 3. 　nature　 ⁠ to make these terraces.Today, visitors from all over the 4. 　world　 ⁠ come to enjoy its beauty. places/fields　 soil　 nature　 world　 天气和季节(Weather and seasons) n.& adj. 1.climate气候 2.temperature温度；气温 3.heat热；高温 4．ice冰；冰块→icy结冰的 5.degree度数；程度 6.cloud云→cloudy多云的；阴天的 7．wind风→windy有风的；多风的 8.sun太阳→sunny晴朗的 9.fog雾→foggy有雾的 n.& adj. 10.weather天气 11.cool凉爽的 12.wet潮湿的 13．dry干燥的 14.snowy下雪的 15.rainy下雨的；多雨的 16．spring春天 17.summer夏天 18.autumn/fall秋天 19．winter冬天 20.season季节 21.hot温度高的；热的 22．warm温暖的；暖和的 v. 1.blow刮风 2.freeze结冰 兼词 1.snow n．雪v.下雪 2.rain n．雨 v．下雨 3.cold n．寒冷；感冒 adj.寒冷的 微语境运用 Different kinds of weather make people feel different.In summer, it is very 1. 　hot　 ⁠ and wet in the southern part of the US.People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this 2. 　season　 ⁠.In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot in summer and very cold in 3. 　winter　 ⁠.People in these states have more heart trouble when the weather changes in February or March. 4． 　Weather　 ⁠ also has a strong influence on people's feelings.Thin people usually feel unhappy during the 5. 　cold　 ⁠ winter months, while fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. hot　 season　 winter　 Weather　 cold　 环境保护(Environmental protection) v. 1.protect保护 2.cause造成；引起 3.pour倾倒；喷发 4.die消亡；灭亡 5．cover遮盖；覆盖 6.pollute污染→pollution污染 7.reduce减少 8.recycle回收 9．hunt打猎 10.increase增加 n. 1.noise噪音 2.rubbish垃圾 3.government政府 4.environment环境→environmental环境的 5．bin垃圾桶 6.duty责任；义务 7.effect影响；结果 adj. 1.serious 严重的 2.local当地的；本地的 3.dirty脏的 4．green绿色的 5.harmful有害的 6.responsible负责的；有责任的 兼词 1.litter v．乱扔 n．垃圾 2.plastic adj.& n．塑料(的) 3．wild adj.野生的；野蛮的；天然的 n．野生环境 微语境运用 Experts say that 80% of the Thailand's coral reefs(珊瑚礁) have been killed in recent years.So Thailand will close one of its beaches to 1. 　protect　 ⁠ coral reefs.More than 5，000 visitors visit it a day.They arrive by boat.This is 2. 　harmful　 ⁠ to the coral reefs.Too many tourists also 3. 　cause　 ⁠ a lot of harm to these beaches.An expert said, the recent problems were 4. 　local　 ⁠ hotels by the beaches.And plastic waste in the sea was also a 5. 　serious　 ⁠ problem.He said, “I hope the 6. 　government　 ⁠ can take steps to protect the coral reefs.” protect　 harmful　 cause　 local　 serious　 government　 二、核心话题词块 1.plant trees植树 2.blow away吹走 3.heavy rain暴雨 4．feed on...以……为食 5.on the surface在表面 6.be covered with/by...被……覆盖 7．a high/low temperature高温/低温 8.travel all over the world周游世界 9．places of interest名胜古迹 10.at the foot of...在……脚下 11．be famous for...因……闻名 12.the capital of...……的首都 13．in the south/north/east/west在南部/北部/东部/西部 微语境运用 1．While 75% of our planet  　is covered with/by　 ⁠ water, only 2% is fresh water — that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. 2．Yuyin Garden is one of the four top famous gardens in Guangdong and it  　is famous for　 ⁠ the man­made mountains. 3．Mr.White keeps some sheep on the farm.They  　feed on　 ⁠ grass. 4．As we all know, Beijing is  　the capital of　 ⁠ China. 5．The Great Wall is one of the most famous  　places of interest　 ⁠ all over the world. is covered with/by　 is famous for　 feed on　 the capital of　 places of interest　 三、写作佳句积累 1.The Yangtze River is the first longest river in China.长江是中国第一长河。 2．Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain so it is very dangerous to climb.珠穆朗玛峰比其他任何山都高，所以攀登起来非常危险。 3．It's everyone's duty to love and protect the environment.爱护环境，人人有责。 4．If everyone gives a little love, it will make a big difference.如果每个人都献出一点爱，就会有很大的不同。 句型仿写 1．上海比中国其他任何一个城市都大。(比较级＋than any other＋名词单数)  　Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.　 ⁠ 2．保持教室清洁是我们的责任。(it's one's duty to do sth.)  　It's our duty to keep our classroom clean.　 ⁠ Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China.　 It's our duty to keep our classroom clean.　 一、语法选择 Nature is the most creative artist.Daocheng Yading is such a place in which nature has put a lot of work.It is a magical and mysterious land in the southwest of Sichuan Province.It   1 ⁠ as “the last pure(纯净的) land on the blue planet”． (　C　)1.A.is knowing B．was known C．is known 1．C　主语It指代稻城亚丁，和动词know之间是被动关系，又根据语境可知应使用一般现在时。be known as“被称为是”。 C Daocheng Yading is a kingdom of   2 ⁠， and even the best painter can't draw it well.Tall mountains stand in the snow, and clear lakes shine in   3 ⁠ sun.Everything is beautiful in its own way, and at the same time they build a wonderful picture together. (　B　)2.A.beautiful B．beauty C．beautifully (　C　)3.A.a B．an C．the B C There are three famous snow mountains standing in Daocheng Yading, protecting the people   4 ⁠ them.Yangmaiyong is   5 ⁠ one.It is about 6，000 meters high and has the shape of a perfect pyramid(金字塔). (　A　)4.A.around B．like C．of (　C　)5.A.great B．greater C．the greatest A C Back in 1928, an American man named Joseph Rock first   6 ⁠ photos of it and introduced it to the world.“She is the most beautiful snow mountain that   7 ⁠ eyes have ever seen，” he wrote. (　C　)6.A.is taking B．takes C．took 6．C　根据“in 1928”可知该句应使用一般过去时。 (　B　)7.A.me B．my C．mine C B Next to it stand two other great   8 ⁠： Xiannairi and Xianuoduoji.For most visitors, they are the most beautiful.The locals say that   9 ⁠ one can walk around these great mountains three times, then his wishes for life will come true. (　B　)8.A.mountain B．mountains C．mountains' 8．B　根据空前的“two other”可知应使用名词复数。 (　A　)9.A.if B．though C．unless 9．A　此处引导条件状语从句，表示“当地人说，如果一个人能绕着这些大山走三圈，那么他的人生愿望就会实现”。 B A It is a big challenge to do so, but many visitors would like   10 ⁠ it a try.Why? They may tell you: Life naturally gets better when you walk on such a pure land! (　B　)10.A.giving B．to give C．give 短文大意：本文主要介绍了稻城亚丁的美丽风光和三座雪山。 B 二、阅读理解A篇 Nemo's Garden — The World's First Underwater Greenhouse We grow vegetables on land and in space. In Italy, Nemo's Garden is underwater！1 The garden is made up of six to nine big plastic bubbles(气泡). 3 They stay about 4.5 to 11 meters under the sea.Each can hold 2，000L of air.Scientists grow over 100 different kinds of vegetables there, including tomatoes and beans. How to grow vegetables underwater? ①Water the vegetables Sunlight goes through the water and warms the wet air in each bubble.Salt goes out.Fresh water is left and waters the plants. 3 ②Watch the vegetables There are tools used to check the temperature and humidity(湿度) in the bubbles. 2 ③Pick the vegetables People swim inside the bubble.They put plants in clean plastic bags and bring them on land. Did you know? Underwater vegetables are richer in nutrition(营养) than those grown on land. 4 They may help to solve future food shortages in places without enough water or land. ( A )1.Where is Nemo's Garden? A．In Italy. B．In Japan. C．In Germany. D．In England. A ( C )2.What are the tools in the bubbles used to do? A．Clean the vegetables. B．Water the vegetables. C．Watch the vegetables. D．Pick the vegetables. 2．C　根据“There are tools used to check the temperature and humidity in the bubbles.”可知，气泡中有工具用以检测温度和湿度，即用来观察蔬菜。 C ( D )3.【新考法·组合选择题】Which of the following are needed for vegetables underwater? ①Sunlight ②Fresh water ③Salt ④Plastic bubbles A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②④ 3．D　根据“Sunlight goes through the water and warms the wet air in each bubble.Salt goes out.Fresh water is left and waters the plants”可知，在水下种植蔬菜需要阳光、淡水、塑料气泡，不需要盐。 D ( C )4.What is the advantage of underwater vegetables according to the passage? A．They're easy to harvest. B．They have more kinds. C．They have richer nutrition. D．They're more delicious. C ( B )5.Where is the passage probably from? A．A diary. B．A newspaper. C．A novel. D．A textbook. 5．B　根据标题及全文可知，本文主要介绍了水下种植蔬菜的条件、优势等，属于科学范畴，故文章可能来源于报纸。 短文大意：本文主要介绍了在水下种植蔬菜的优势、条件等。 B 三、阅读理解B篇 Objects in the night sky are disappearing from view(视线) bit by bit because of light pollution, according to astronomers．Outdoor lights like street lights cause light pollution, which makes stars and planets harder to see from Earth. Dr Christopher Kyba and his team studied 50，000 stars between 2011 and 2022.They found that the stars are becoming less visible(可见的) each year because of increasing levels of light from the towns and cities.“If the brightening of the night sky continues，” Kyba said, “I'm afraid that a child born in a place where 250 stars are visible will only be able to see 100 stars by the time he turns 18.” 2 In fact, light pollution influences the whole world, especially in North America, where 80% of people can't see the Milky Way.This huge group of stars can't be seen clearly. However, only really faraway places, like the Sahara Desert or the Amazon Rainforest, have a truly night sky. 3 Light pollution makes it harder for astronomers to study stars and planets.  ▲ ⁠ Nocturnal (active at night) animals like bats may get lost easily and knock into objects.Birds in cities wake and start singing earlier than they should.Man­-made light means that animals and humans have some problems like sleep problems, headaches, tiredness and so on. 4 Here is something that you can do.Try to use less outdoor lighting, for example, turn off motion­sensitive lights(感应灯) when they are not needed. ( B )1.What does the underlined word “astronomers” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A．Teachers who teach science and IT. B．Scientists who study stars and planets. C．Reporters who collect and report news. D．Engineers who design lights and spaceships. 1．B　根据“Outdoor lights like street lights cause light pollution, which makes stars and planets harder to see from Earth”可知，像街灯这样的室外灯光会造成光污染，这使得从地球上很难看到恒星和行星，由此可推断，这是研究恒星和行星的科学家得出的结论，故选B。 B ( C )2.Why does Kyba say those words in Paragraph 2? A．To list the numbers. B．To support a study. C．To describe the worries. D．To express a result. 2．C　根据“I'm afraid that a child born in a place where 250 stars are visible will only be able to see 100 stars by the time he turns 18.”可知，Kyba害怕一个出生在能看到250颗星星的地方的孩子到18岁时只能看到100颗星星，这是在表达一种担心，故选C。 C ( D )3.Where can you most likely to see stars clearly now? A．In North America. B．In the Milky Way. C．In Australia. D．In the Amazon Rainforest. D ( B )4.【新考法·还原句子题】Which of the following can be put in “  ▲ ⁠” in Paragraph 4? A．Light pollution is harmful to the environment as well. B．Light pollution can also cause serious problems for animals. C．Animals do not like man­made light because it is too strong. D．Animals like the light of the Moon better than man­made light. 4．B　根据“Nocturnal (active at night) animals...than they should.”可知，此处提到的是光污染对动物的影响，B选项“光污染也会给动物带来严重的问题”适合放在空处，故选B。 B ( A )5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A．Light Pollution B．Lost Stars C．Scientists' Advice D．Suffering Animals 5．A　通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了光污染的危害以及如何减少光污染，故选A。 短文大意：本文主要介绍了光污染的危害以及如何减少光污染。 A 四、读写综合 A.回答问题(2023泰安改编) In recent years, plastic pollution has become one of the most serious environmental problems around the world.On November 7, 2022, China started a “bamboo instead of plastic” activity. 1 This will hopefully increase the use of green bamboo products and cut down plastic pollution.2 Bamboo is a renewable(可再生的) natural resource(资源) of great value.Unlike trees which usually need so long time to fully grow, bamboo can be harvested(收割) in 3 to 5 years. 3 As long as it is protected well, bamboo can be cut every year and doesn't have to be replanted.Bamboo can be used to produce different kinds of products.These products can take the place of plastic products in many fields, such as building and daily things.Even a new bamboo washing machine has been invented in some poor areas where people don't have electricity or money to buy traditional washing machines. 4 It uses the natural flow(流动) of the water as power to run the machine.Bamboo is a harmless material, for it doesn't cause any pollution when it has to be thrown away. China is one of the countries with the richest bamboo resources in the world.Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan and Guizhou provinces have set up companies to produce and develop bamboo products.What's more, China is also sharing its technologies and experience to help other countries with rich bamboo resources. 5 It is hoped that countries will work together for green development around the world. 1．When did China start the “bamboo instead of plastic” activity?  　On November 7, 2022./China started the activity/it on November 7, 2022.　 ⁠  　On November 7, 2022./China started the activity/it on November 7, 2022.　 ⁠ 2．Why did China start the “bamboo instead of plastic” activity?  　To increase the use of green bamboo products and cut down plastic pollution./Because it hopes to increase the use of green bamboo products and cut down plastic pollution.　 ⁠  　To increase the use of green bamboo products and cut down plastic pollution./Because it hopes to increase the use of green bamboo products and cut down plastic pollution.　 ⁠ 3．How soon can bamboo be harvested?  　In 3 to 5 years./Bamboo can be harvested in 3 to 5 years.　 ⁠ In 3 to 5 years./Bamboo can be harvested in 3 to 5 years.　 4．Where has a new bamboo washing machine been invented?  　In some poor areas where people don't have electricity or money to buy traditional washing machines./A new bamboo washing machine/It has been invented in some poor areas where people don't have electricity or money to buy traditional washing machines.　 ⁠  　In some poor areas where people don't have electricity or money to buy traditional washing machines./A new bamboo washing machine/It has been invented in some poor areas where people don't have electricity or money to buy traditional washing machines.　 ⁠ 5．What is China sharing to help other countries with rich bamboo resources?  　China's technologies and experience./China is sharing its technologies and experience(to help other countries with rich bamboo resources).　 ⁠  　China's technologies and experience./China is sharing its technologies and experience(to help other countries with rich bamboo resources).　 ⁠ 【迁移写作】B.书面表达(2023天水改编) 你校英语报“Protect the Environment”专栏面向全校学生征集主题海报及宣传稿，需要用英语向大家宣讲环保的意义以及作为中学生要怎样保护环境。请你根据以下思维导图内容提示，以“Save the Earth: Let's Do Our Part！”为题，用英文写一篇短文投稿。 ⁠ ⁠审题定方向 1．审文体：本文让介绍环境保护的措施，属于 　说明文 　 ⁠。 2．审人称：从思维导图内容可知是让介绍“我们中学生”的环保措施，用 　第一人称 　 ⁠。 3．审时态：介绍环保措施，用 　一般现在时 　 ⁠。 说明文 　 第一人称 　 一般现在时 　 ⁠ ⁠谋篇拓思维 1．有影响_____________________⁠ 2．为了___________________⁠ 3．代替________________________⁠ 4．对……产生积极影响_____________________________________⁠ 5．创造更好的未来__________________________________⁠ make a difference in order to instead of make a positive influence on create a better future ⁠ ⁠连篇成佳作  增分小技巧 1．发出呼吁时，可使用作文模板七(表达感受、呼吁和祝愿)； 2．巧用非谓语动词：介绍保护措施时，可使用in order to do sth.结构； 3．使用复合句：介绍环保意义时，可使用as long as引导的条件状语从句。 Save the Earth: Let's Do Our Part! The earth is the only home for everyone on it.It's crying for our help now. As middle school students, the future of the world, we have the power to make a difference and help save the earth! In order to protect the earth, we can start by saving water, planting more trees, and reducing pollution.We can save animals and recycle whenever possible.We can also choose to ride a bike instead of driving a car to help stop pollution, and make sure to always throw trash in the proper bins. As long as we do our part well, we can make a positive influence on the environment and create a better future for ourselves and generations to come. $$