2024年广东省中考英语二轮复习题型突破课件：题型一 语法选择

题型一 语法选择 广东省卷语法选择题型为200词左右的记叙文或说明文，在其中设置10个空，要求学生按照语法规则选择恰当的选项。2022年的中考语法选择题型由四选一改为了三选一，降低了难度。 2023年 2022年 2021年 2020年 体裁& 话题 记叙文：15岁男孩对太空营以及空间科学的热爱 记叙文：一个京剧爱好者刻苦拼搏并最终取得成功的故事 说明文：世界上最长的徒步吊桥 记叙文：一堂关于中国风筝的课 词数 171 180 196 204 考点分布 31 形容词的比较等级 介词 形容词的比较等级 介词 32 代词 连词 宾语从句(语序与时态) 被动语态 33 被动语态 名词(单复数与所有格) 代词 非谓语动词 34 介词 非谓语动词 介词 形容词的比较等级 35 感叹句 同根词辨析 冠词 代词 考点分布 36 冠词 副词的比较等级 名词(单复数与所有格) 时态 37 连词 被动语态 时态 连词 38 宾语从句(连接词) 冠词 非谓语动词 冠词 39 非谓语动词 时态 被动语态 感叹句 40 时态 代词 同根词辨析 宾语从句(连接词) 下面就具体的解题方法给出详细指导： 一、关键词法 在上下文中搜寻关键的字眼，结合备选项，明确考查的语法规则/固定搭配，从而直接选出答案。 ⁠ ⁠ Never refuse   　C　 ⁠ with your partners, and always remember “Many hands make light work” is the truth. A．working B．work C．to work 【解析】根据关键词refuse可知考查固定用法refuse to do sth.，故选C。 C　 ⁠ ⁠ I examined the cage and found a small window eq \x(covered)   　A　 ⁠ dust(灰尘). A．with B．to C．for 【解析】根据关键词covered可知用固定搭配be covered with，故选A。 A　 ⁠ ⁠ Suddenly, a strange creature caught   　B　 ⁠ attention. A．mine B．my C．me 【解析】根据关键词及固定搭配catch one's attention可知空格处用形容词性物主代词，故选B。 B　 ⁠ ⁠ I   　C　 ⁠ the Science Museum last weekend and fell in love with it! A．visit B．have visited C．visited 【解析】根据关键词last weekend可知用一般过去时，故选C。 C　 ⁠ ⁠ David is good at playing   　C　 ⁠ piano although he is only 5 years old. A．a B．an C．the 【解析】根据关键词play the piano可知此处用the，故选C。 C　 用“关键词法”完成下面的微语段，并画出做题时的关键词。 Yue Fei lived during the Song Dynasty.As a general, he led   1 ⁠ army to win many wars.In 1125, the Jin army from the north   2 ⁠ to take control of the Song's central land.Yue decided   3 ⁠ the enemy. Before he set out, his mother asked him, “Right now our country is facing   4 ⁠ difficulties than before, so what do you plan to do？” “Serve the country with the greatest loyalty(忠心)，” said Yue. (　B　)1.A.himself B．his C．him (　B　)2.A.attack B．attacked C．has attacked (　C　)3.A.fight B．fighting C．to fight B B C (　B　)4.A.serious B．more serious C．the most serious B 二、语境推断法 联系上下文语境，从而推断出答案。 ⁠ ⁠ There is a pen on the desk.  　C　 ⁠ pen is purple. A．A B．An C．The 【解析】上文已经提到过pen，此处应用the表特指，故选C。 C　 ⁠ ⁠ Jim, I   　C　 ⁠ what my mom asked me to do.Let's go to the movies now. A．will finish B．am finishing C．have finished 【解析】根据下文描述可知“我”已经完成了妈妈让做的事情，用现在完成时，故选C。 C　 One day, a group of frogs decided to have a tour for fun.When they   1 ⁠ through the woods, two of them fell into a hole.The other frogs could see that   2 ⁠ hole was very deep.How could they save them? (　C　)1.A.travel B．are travelling C．were travelling (　A　)2.A.the B．a C．an C A 三、句子成分分析法 分析题干句子成分，结合语法知识，观察句子所缺成分，选择合适的选项进行补充。 ⁠ ⁠ “What is the alien going to do to me？” I   　C　 ⁠ wondered. A．fearful B．fear C．fearfully 【解析】分析句子成分可知，此处需用副词修饰实义动词wondered，作状语。选项A是形容词，选项B是名词，选项C是副词，故选C。 C　 ⁠ ⁠   　A　 ⁠ useful knowledge we have learned from the astronauts in the Tiangong classroom! A．What B．What a C．How 【解析】分析句子成分及备选项可知，句子缺引导感叹句的what/how，根据中心词knowledge(不可数名词)可知用what引导，故选A。 A　 Li Hua is my pen friend.He   1 ⁠ entered the university with a score of 568 points last year.He became the first child in his   2 ⁠ village to enter college.  3 ⁠ great Li Hua is! (　A　)1.A.successfully B．succeed C．successful (　B　)2.A.poorness B．poor C．poorly (　C　)3.A.What a B．What an C．How A B C 四、句间连接判断法 熟知“句间用连接词”这一语法现象，再结合语境及句意可选出正确答案。 ⁠ ⁠ He worked there for several years   　B　 ⁠ he had to leave the theater when his voice began to change. A．since B．until C．though 【解析】空的前后都有完整的句子结构，两个分句之间用连词连接。根据句意(他在那里工作了几年，直到他的声音发生了改变他才不得不离开戏院)可知，应选B。 B　 ⁠ ⁠ Listen! Someone is knocking at the door.Peter, you go and see   　A　 ⁠ it is. A．who B．when C．where 【解析】空前后分别有主语和谓语，且空后句子成分不完整，故填宾语从句的连接词，根据句意可知，此处表示“去看看是谁”，故选A。 A　 A businessman went to see the doctor.He told the doctor   1 ⁠ he couldn't sleep at night.The doctor examined him and said, “Do some enjoyable things,   2 ⁠ your problem will be solved.You need to relax.” (　C　)1.A.which B．what C．that (　B　)2.A.or B．and C．so C B 五、主谓关系分析法 分析句子中主语和谓语的关系，判断语态是主动语态还是被动语态。 ⁠ ⁠Some years ago, a big fire burned down a large part of a city.Lots of houses   　C　 ⁠. A．broke B．are broken C．were broken 【解析】房子被大火破坏，应用被动语态；再根据“Some years ago”可知为一般过去时，故要用一般过去时的被动语态。故选C。 C　 As we all know, Yue Fei   1 ⁠ because of Qin Hui.But his spirit   2 ⁠ on to all of us. (　C　)1.A.killed B．is killed C．was killed (　C　)2.A.passed B．is passing C．was passed C C 下面以2023年广东省中考真题为例，说明解题技巧的运用。 David is a 15­year­old boy and he is crazy about space.He always wonders how space stations work.For him, a space camp is 31.  　B　 ⁠ than any other camp in the world. 31．A.great B．greater C．the greatest 关键词法 31．根据“than any other camp”可知，than前用比较级。故选B。 B　 At the age of seven, David had 32.  　C　 ⁠ first astronaut(宇航员) training experience.He and his parents 33.  　C　 ⁠ to a Family Space Camp. 32．A.he B．him C．his 关键词法 33．A.invited B．are invited C．were invited 主谓关系分析法 32．修饰名词“experience”用形容词性物主代词，表示“他的”经历。故选C。 33．根据“At the age of seven”可知，时态为一般过去时，他和父母是被邀请去参加太空营的，用被动语态。故选C。 C　 C　 They had a taste of what it was like to travel 34.  　B　 ⁠ space. Everything was magical.35.  　A　 ⁠ excited David was! 34．A.on B．in C．for 关键词法 35．A.How B．What C．What an 句子成分分析法 34．(travel) in space“在太空(旅行)”，固定短语。故选B。 35．感叹句中心词是形容词“excited”，用how引导。故选A。 B　 A　 David has been to many space camps over the last eight years.Last month, he went to 36.  　A　 ⁠ new space camp.It had a lot of fun training programs, 37.  　C　 ⁠ he enjoyed all of them. 36．A.a B．an C．the 语境推断法 37．A.or B．but C．and 句间连接判断法 36．泛指一个新的太空营，且new以辅音音素开头，用a。故选A。 37．前后分句是顺承关系，用and连接。故选C。 A　 C　 There he was often asked 38.  　A　 ⁠ he liked space camps so much.“I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp, and I don't even need 39.  　C　 ⁠ the earth，” he said. 38．A.why B．when C．where 句间连接判断法 39．A.leave B．leaving C．to leave 关键词法 38．根据“I feel like a real astronaut in the space camp”可知，人们问他为什么喜欢太空营。故选A。 39．根据“don't”可知，此处need是实义动词，后接动词不定式作宾语。故选C。 A　 C　 These experiences have influenced his life.Now David 40.  　B　 ⁠ space science.He has made up his mind to be a space engineer in the future. 40．A.study B．is studying C．was studying 关键词法 40．根据“Now”可知，表示现阶段他正在学习空间科学，用现在进行时。故选B。 短文大意：本文讲述了15岁男孩大卫对太空营以及空间科学的热爱。 B　 训练一 话题：哈尔滨工业大学给新生的仪式感 词数：206 建议用时：7 min 正确率：  ⁠/10 ⁠ ⁠Nowadays, colleges are starting to think about creating new designs of their college acceptance letters to draw more attention from senior high school students. This summer, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), which lies in the northeast of China, gave   1 ⁠ new students a surprise.When acceptance letters from HIT   2 ⁠， students got more than they expected. (　B　)1.A.it B．its C．itself (　B　)2.A.received B．were received C．are received 2．B　设空处主语为名词letters，需要使用被动语态，并根据“students got...”可知应用一般过去时的被动语态。 B B There was   3 ⁠ special red bookmark, which used a special material.China's first mission programme to Mars (火星飞行任务)  4 ⁠ this kind of material before. (　A　)3.A.a B．an C．the (　C　)4.A.will use B．is using C．has used 4．C　before与现在完成时态连用，表示“从现在开始追溯到过去的一段时间”；设空处主语programme是单数，故用has＋动词的过去分词，故选C。 A C What's more, HIT has created some interesting characters   5 ⁠ put them on the school badges(徽章).The badges show   6 ⁠ students in the college do every day.Each of its new students got   7 ⁠ than three of them.They also got their own digital IDs. (　C　)5.A.but B．so C．and (　B　)6.A.where B．what C．why 6．B　句意：这些徽章展现了大学里的学生每天做的事情。此句为宾语从句，what作宾语从句中动词do的宾语，故选B。 (　B　)7.A.many B．more C．most C B B HIT sent this special gift   8 ⁠ all students who chose it this year.It hopes that no matter what difficulties the students come across on the road to study in the future, they will stick to their   9 ⁠ and beliefs in their minds.More importantly, they will be able   10 ⁠ out the spirit of HIT and try their best to make China stronger than before. (　C　)8.A.at B．in C．to (　A　)9.A.dreams B．dreams' C．dream's 9．A　stick to one's dream(s) 坚持某人的梦想，此句主语为复数，故名词dream也要用复数形式。 C A (　A　)10.A.to carry B．carrying C．carry 短文大意：哈尔滨工业大学2023年高考录取通知书别具一格，不仅有独版盲盒胸章，而且带有“超级涂层”的书签彰显宇宙级别的浪漫。 A 训练二 话题：一款保护野生动物的app 词数：225 建议用时：7 min 正确率：  ⁠/10 There are many animals in Kenya.The government says it is getting more difficult to protect them   1 ⁠ human activities do harm to their natural environments. (　C　)1.A.unless B．although C．because C Recently the government has developed a   2 ⁠ mobile phone app to help find wild animals in the country.It plans   3 ⁠ information from the app to help protect the animals.The app   4 ⁠ its users who see a wild animal recognize it and give its location.Users can also give other information about the animal. (　A　)2.A.free B．freely C．freedom 2．A　空后是名词，用形容词修饰。 A (　C　)3.A.using B．uses C．to use (　A　)4.A.helps B．help C．helped C A A researcher said there is a need to ask more people to use   5 ⁠ app to get more information about the animals.“People   6 ⁠ guides, visitors or anyone who goes out and sees the animals could use the app，” he added.They can put pictures of the animals on the app and add more information such as the number of animals and   7 ⁠ locations. (　C　)5.A.a B．an C．the (　B　)6.A.for B．including C．without (　C　)7.A.they B．them C．their C B C “Animals in Africa   8 ⁠ by human activities badly nowadays.The number of them is getting smaller and   9 ⁠， so we must act as soon as possible，” the researcher said. (　B　)8.A.are influencing B．are influenced C．is influenced 8．B　主语Animals是复数，和动词influence构成被动关系，又根据空后的by可知用被动语态。 (　B　)9.A.small B．smaller C．the smallest 9．B　比较级＋and＋比较级，越来越……。 B B “That is why it is so necessary to use such kind of app.It is going to tell us what animals we have,   10 ⁠ and maybe which ones are in danger and what we need to do about them.” (　A　)10.A.where they are B．where are they C．where they were 10．A　宾语从句用陈述语序，排除B选项，又根据空前“what animals we have”可知用一般现在时。 短文大意：本文主要介绍了为了保护肯尼亚野生动物而开发的一款应用程序。 A 训练三 话题：72岁老妇人旅行的故事 词数：230 建议用时：7 min 正确率：  ⁠/10 Not long ago, a 72­year­old Italian woman started her long walk from Venice to Beijing.She wanted   1 ⁠ the path(道路) of Marco Polo, a famous trader and traveler, along the Silk Road. (　B　)1.A.follow B．to follow C．following 1．B　want to do sth.想要做某事。 B  　 2　 ⁠ woman is Vienna Cammarota.She loves traveling around the world on foot.She   3 ⁠ a crazy walker for more than 30 years. (　C　)2.A.A B．An C．The (　B　)3.A.was B．has been C．will be 3．B　根据“for more than 30 years”可知，此处用现在完成时。 C B After visiting many   4 ⁠， Cammarota got a new idea a few years ago — following the famous people.  5 ⁠ 2017, Cammarota made a trip by walking along the path described in a book, and walked through Germany, Austria and Italy. (　A　)4.A.places B．place's C．places’ 4．A　many后接复数名词。 (　A　)5.A.In B．On C．At A A After taking so many trips, Cammarota did not stop.Instead, she decided to challenge   6 ⁠ again.In April, 2022, she left Venice, and planned to walk through 15 countries to arrive in Beijing in 2025.  7 ⁠ Cammarota has to face many difficulties along the whole journey, such as the bad weather, she has made up her mind to meet her goal. (　C　)6.A.she B．her C．herself (　B　)7.A.Because B．Although C．Until 7．B　“Cammarota has to face many difficulties along the whole journey”与“she has made up her mind to meet her goal”是让步关系，用although引导让步状语从句。 C B She takes a camera with her to record   8 ⁠ on the way.Also, she takes a phone with a health app.Her doctor can check on her   9 ⁠ through it from far away. (　C　)8.A.if she sees B．what does she see C．what she sees 8．C　空处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序。结合“takes a camera with her to record”可知，相机是用来记录她所看到的。 (　B　)9.A.healthy B．health C．healthily C B Cammarota   10 ⁠ strong and she hopes to be welcomed by people she meets along the way.“I love history and culture, and I want to talk with them and learn the stories of the countries，” said Cammarota. (　C　)10.A.thinks B．are thought C．is thought 10．C　主语与动词think之间是被动关系，且主语是第三人称单数形式，be动词用is。 短文大意：本文主要讲述了一位72岁的意大利老妇人旅行的故事。 C 训练四 话题：传统茶艺大师叶启桐 词数：206 建议用时：7 min 正确率：  ⁠/10 To most people, tea is just a drink, but to Ye Qitong, a tea master in Wuyishan city, the drink is   1 ⁠ work of art. (　B　)1.A.the B．a C．an 1．B　句意：但是对于叶启桐……茶是一件艺术品。work意为“艺术品”的时候是可数名词，且此处是泛指一件艺术品，work以辅音音素开头，应该用a。 B The 78­year­old man is   2 ⁠ tea master in Wuyishan.When talking about him, the local farmers all   3 ⁠ great respect.Other tea masters all build their own companies to make money, but most of Ye's time   4 ⁠ in studying tea and passing on his knowledge to students. (　C　)2.A.famous B．more famous C．the most famous (　A　)3.A.show B．are showing C．showed (　C　)4.A.spends B．are spent C．is spent 4．C　此句主语“most of Ye's time”和动词spend之间是被动关系，需要使用被动语态，时间为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，故选C。 C A C “Wuyishan has more than 1，800 tea producers.However, as the machine is now used widely to make tea, the number of   5 ⁠ becomes smaller and smaller.Also, they just use the machine, so they never learn the   6 ⁠ skills about picking leaves at the right time from the tea trees. (　B　)5.A.worker's B．workers C．workers' (　B　)6.A.tradition B．traditional C．traditionally B B  　 7　 ⁠ worried I am! But now I'm happy to see more people drink tea and many young people are interested   8 ⁠ learning the skills，” he said. (　C　)7.A.What a B．What C．How 7．C　此处考查感叹句。此句去掉主语和谓语I am后，剩下的中心词worried是形容词，how引导的感叹句修饰的中心词为形容词或者副词，what引导的感叹句修饰的中心词为名词，故选C。 (　C　)8.A.on B．for C．in C C He believes that the only way to solve the problem is the local government's actions, which are to set up some schools and let the masters   9 ⁠ more students there.He said, “Tea is a drink with a life of   10 ⁠ own.People can almost taste the history, culture, spirit and feelings when the masters make it.” (　A　)9.A.teach B．to teach C．teaching (　B　)10.A.it B．its C．itself 10．B　句意：茶是一种有自己生命的饮料。此处是指茶自己的生命，应用形容词性物主代词its，故选B。 短文大意：武夷山传统茶艺大师叶启桐把大部分时间都花在对茶的研究上，并把他的知识传授给学生。他也希望年轻人学习在正确的时间采摘茶叶和手工调制茶叶的传统技能。 A B $$