2024年中考英语二轮复习语法突破课件---冠词

冠词 Look! There is ① 　a ⁠ girl standing near the door.② 　The ⁠ girl is Linda.She is my friend from ③ 　the ⁠ United States.Linda is ④ 　an ⁠ honest girl.She likes milk and drinks ⑤ 　a ⁠ cup of milk every day.Last Saturday we went to a farm and saw many ⑥ 　/ ⁠ cows.We had a great time there, so we plan to visit it ⑦ 　a ⁠ second time. Step 1 根据上下文填入a, an, the或/ Step 2 明确冠词包含不定冠词(a和an)和定冠词(the)，还有零冠词(即不用冠词)的情况 a The the an a / a ⁠ ⁠不定冠词a，an的用法 用法 例子 1.表示数量“一”，比one语气弱 There is a book and two rulers on the desk. 2.表示初次提到某人或某物 There is a desk in the room. 3.泛指某个人、某类人或物 An elephant is heavier than a pig. 4.用于序数词前，表示“又一；再一” Marie Curie won a second Nobel Prize in 1911. 5.表示“每一”，相当于every，语气稍弱 I go to the library five times a week. 6.用于专有名词前，表示“某个” This holiday is always on a Sunday between March 22nd and April 25th. 7.常用固定词组 a few, a little, a lot of, a number of, a kind of, have a good time, take a bus, go for a walk, have a cold/fever, in a word, as a result, in a loud/low voice, have a try, make a living, give sb.a lift, in a hurry, do a good job, make a difference, make a mess Tips： (1)a, an的区别 a用在以辅音音素(非辅音字母)开头的单词前， an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。如： It was a pity that we lost the match, but it was an unusual experience.很遗憾我们输掉了比赛，但这是一次不同寻常的经历。 (2)常见的以元音字母开头的单词用a/an的情况： A a an apple, an artist, an Asian country E e a European country, ⁠an exciting job I i an interesting game, an idea O o an orange dress, a one­eyed tiger U u 发/ju：/时，单词前用a a useful book/university/unit 发//时，单词前用an an umbrella/ugly child/uncle/unusual man 特殊 情况 ①以不发音的辅音字母开头的单词用an: an hour, an honor, an honest girl ②发音以元音音素开头的字母有： a, e, f, h, i, l, m, n, o, r, s, x (巧记：Mr Li has one fox.) 易错专练：区分a/an 1．(2023天津)My mother is making  　an 　 ⁠ apple pie and I want to try  　a 　 ⁠ piece. 2．(2023长春)James is  　a 　 ⁠ hard­working engineer.His spirit encourages us. 3．(2023郴州)—I'd like to help kids with their schoolwork. —You could volunteer in  　an 　 ⁠ after­school study program to teach them. an 　 a 　 a 　 an 　 4．(2023沈阳)The spirit of Lei Feng always encourages us to give  　a 　 ⁠ hand to others. 5．(2023连云港)China is  　a 　 ⁠ country with a history of more than 5，000 years. 6．(2023成都)The 31st Summer Universiade(大运会) is  　a 　 ⁠ big event for Chengdu. a 　 a 　 a 　 7．(2023天水)There are 60 minutes in  　an 　 ⁠ hour. 8．(2023黑龙江)—The sun is shining, and you'd better take  　an 　 ⁠ umbrella when you go out. —OK.It's  　a 　 ⁠ useful suggestion. an 　 an 　 a 　 9．(2023怀化)The C919 is  　a 　 ⁠ large plane made by China. 10．(2023齐齐哈尔)Tracy,  　an 　 ⁠ exchange student from Norway, is  　a 　 ⁠ university student in Heilongjiang now. a 　 an 　 a 　 ⁠ ⁠定冠词the的用法 用法 例子 1.用在双方都知道或上文提到的人或事物前 There is a man in the classroom.The man is our English teacher. 2.用在世界上独一无二的事物或江河、湖海、山脉前 the sun, the earth, the moon, the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Himalayas 3.用在普通名词构成的专有名词(国家、组织、机构等)前 the Great Wall, the United States 4.用在形容词最高级，序数词及only前 the most interesting book, the first child in my family 5.和play连用，用在乐器前 play the violin/piano/guitar/drums/erhu 6.用在姓氏复数前表示某一家人或夫妇二人，后接谓语动词用复数 The Smiths are watching TV at home now. 7.和形容词连用表示某一类人，后接谓语动词用复数 The rich are not always happier than the poor. 8.用在时期、年代、世纪或方位名词前 in the 1990s, the 21st century, on the right/left, in the west 用法 例子 9.用在“动词＋人＋介词＋the＋身体部位”结构中 hit sb.in the face(打某人的脸), take sb.by the arm(挽某人的胳膊), look sb.in the eye(看着某人的眼睛) 10.常见固定词组 in the end, all the time, with the help of, by the way, at the top of, at the age of, at the same time, in the face of, at the moment ⁠ ⁠零冠词的用法 用法 例子 1.人名、地名、国家名、城市名、学校名、车站名等专有名词前不加冠词 China, America, Jack, Nanjing, No.4 Middle School, Baiyun Airport 2.年、星期、月份、季节(特指某一年的季节前用the)、节日(中国传统节日除外)前通常不加冠词 in 1987, in January, on Saturday, in spring, on Teachers' Day, on National Day, in the Spring Festival, in the winter of 2021 3.球类、棋类、游戏名词前不加冠词 play basketball/volleyball/football/chess/games 4.学科、语言名词前不加冠词 learn chemistry/English/math, speak English 5.三餐前不用冠词，但三餐前有形容词修饰时，在其前面用不定冠词 have breakfast/lunch/supper/dinner, have a big breakfast, have a small lunch, have an excellent supper 6.表示职务、头衔等名词前不加冠词 He was chosen president of the country. 7.名词前有限定词时，如常用限定词(this, that等)和形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her等)，不加冠词 This pen is not mine. My pen is in my schoolbag. 8.一些固定词组中不加冠词 by bike/car/bus/ship, go to school, after school, in trouble, at night, in surprise, without doubt, for example Tip：词组中有无冠词的区别 in hospital (因病)住院/in the hospital 在医院(不一定是病人) next year 明年/the next year 第二年 at table 在吃饭/at the table 在桌子旁边 ►►先练基础——单句训练 (　C　)1.(2023滨州)—What do you think of the guidebook Lonely Planet? —Oh, it is really   ⁠ useful one.You can always find   ⁠ information you need while traveling. A．a; a B．an; an C．a; the D．an; the C ( D )2.(2023营口)China's panda Ya Ya finished   ⁠ 30­day stay in Shanghai after landing in China and then was sent to Beijing Zoo in   ⁠ May. A．a; a B．a; the C．the; a D．a; / D ( C )3.(2023新疆)—Have you heard of Xu Fengcan,   ⁠ excellent pilot? —Yes, she made every effort on   ⁠ way to growing into a real pilot. A．the; / B．the; a C．an; the D．an; / C ( D )4.(2023扬州)Yangzhou is   ⁠ city full of   ⁠ history, culture and mouthwatering food. A．the; a B．a; a C．the; the D．a; / D ( B )5.(2023达州)—Hi, Lily, have you ever heard of Zibo,   ⁠ city in   ⁠ center of Shandong Province, which is known for its barbecue these days? —Sure.I expect to visit it and have a taste of the special food. A．a; a B．a; the C．the; the D．the; / B ( C )6.(2023宿迁)—Betty began to play   ⁠ violin at the age of four. —No wonder she plays so well. A．a B．an C．the D．/ C ( B )7.(2023绥化)Bob is my brother.He likes playing   ⁠ basketball, but he doesn't like playing   ⁠ piano. A．the; a B．/; the C．an; the D．the; the B ( C )8.—What's the most important tradition in a Chinese family? —We must care for   ⁠ old. A．/ B．a C．the D．an C ( C )9.—China is   ⁠ ancient country with a long history. —Yes, it's one of   ⁠ oldest countries in the world. A．a; an B．a; the C．an; the D．an; a C ( A )10.Eric is not going to Nanjing by   ⁠ plane.Instead, he is taking   ⁠ train. A．/; a B．a; / C．a; the D．the; a A ►►再提能力——小语篇训练(语法选择) At 98, Priscilla Sitienei sits in class next to some of the pupils she helped bring into the world.She has become famous as   11 ⁠ oldest primary school student in Kenya. Sitienei comes from   12 ⁠ old village.She wanted to become   13 ⁠ doctor when she was young.Though she didn't achieve it, she used her traditional skills to help mothers give   14 ⁠ birth to their babies safely at home.Still, she never forgot her dream of getting an education. (　C　)11.A.a B．an C．the (　B　)12.A.a B．an C．the (　A　)13.A.a B．/ C．an (　C　)14.A.a B．an C．/ C B A C ⁠ ⁠语法点针对训练 小语篇训练——语法选择 (2023雅安改编)Rosie loved bedtime.Her dad always told her stories before she went to   1 ⁠ bed.Sometimes, he told fairy tales.Sometimes, he told animal stories.And sometimes, he told sports stories. (　B　)1.A.a B．/ C．the B Rosie couldn't wait to hear Dad's   2 ⁠ next story.But that night, Mom came in and said, “Dad is sick, but I can tell you   3 ⁠ story.” So Mom told Rosie a story. (　B　)2.A.a B．/ C．the (　A　)3.A.a B．an C．the B A But to Rosie, it wasn't   4 ⁠ same.She felt sad.She didn't want Dad to be sick, and she missed story time with Dad.So Rosie got out of bed and went to Dad's room.She knocked on his door.“Come in，” Dad said.When Rosie opened   5 ⁠ door, Dad smiled weakly, “I'm sorry.I'm going to miss story time tonight.” (　C　)4.A.a B．an C．the (　C　)5.A.an B．a C．the C C Rosie sat on Dad's bed.“No, you won't.I'm going to tell you a story.” So Rosie told Dad   6 ⁠ interesting story about a panda, a tiger, and a lion.Dad loved   7 ⁠ story very much.After a while, he fell asleep with   8 ⁠ smile on his face. (　B　)6.A.a B．an C．the (　C　)7.A.a B．an C．the (　A　)8.A.a B．an C．the B C A ⁠ ⁠中考题型训练 语法选择 (2023丹东改编)A lady wanted a birthday gift from her husband.For many months, she had liked a beautiful ring.Knowing her husband could afford it, she told him   1 ⁠ she wanted.On the morning of the birthday, her husband told her how proud he was to have such   2 ⁠ good wife, and how much he loved her. (　C　)1.A.when B．why C．what 1．C　him后是宾语从句，从句中的want后少宾语，故用what引导。 (　B　)2.A.the B．a C．/ C B He gave her a beautiful gift package(盒).She opened it and found a dictionary.She said to her husband, “  3 ⁠ all your money, you give me a dictionary？” After that, she left him. Many years passed and the lady was very   4 ⁠ in business. (　A　)3.A.With B．Without C．By (　B　)4.A.success B．successful C．successfully 4．B　空格处在句中作表语，且前面有副词修饰，故用形容词。 A B One day, she received a letter telling   5 ⁠ that her husband died, and gave all of his possessions(财产) to her.She needed   6 ⁠ back and take care of the things. (　C　)5.A.she B．hers C．her (　B　)6.A.come B．to come C．coming 6．B　need to do sth.需要做某事。 C B When she   7 ⁠ at his house, she was surprised to see the still new dictionary there.With tears in her eyes, she opened it and began to turn the pages.A ring dropped from the dictionary to the floor and a card   8 ⁠． (　B　)7.A.arrives B．arrived C．will arrive (　C　)8.A.is seen B．is seeing C．was seen 8．C　卡片是被看到的，且这里是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。 B C She picked it up and found it was the ring she wanted in those days.And on the card was the date of her birth,   9 ⁠ the words “LOVE YOU ALWAYS”． Please remember sometimes the best and   10 ⁠ things in the world cannot be seen or even touched, unless they are felt with your heart. (　A　)9.A.and B．so C．but (　C　)10.A.beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful 10．C　根据空格前的the best可知用形容词最高级。 短文大意：本文主要讲述了丈夫给妻子买的戒指在字典里，妻子却以为丈夫仅仅给她买了一本字典，生气地离开了他。直到丈夫去世了妻子才发现原来戒指在字典里。 A C $$