语法精讲专题03 冠词 - 2025届高考英语一轮复习语法精讲精练

2024-06-28
| 2份
| 12页
| 949人阅读
| 32人下载
博睿思知识店铺
进店逛逛

内容正文:

语法精讲专题 03 冠词(原卷版) 冠词+解题指导+近五年高考真题精练 冠词精讲 高考近五年考情 考点一 考查不定冠词a和an的区别和基本用法 考点二 定冠词的用法 考点三 冠词在短语中的习惯用法 考点四 零冠词 考点一 不定冠词 1.表示“一”的概念。 (1)表示类指,或指某类中的任何一个。 The“Chinese Dream” is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony, peace and development. “中国梦”是一个改善民生的梦,是一个和谐、和平、发展的梦。 (2)表示泛指,说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。 It was a cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across the night sky. 那是一个寒冷的冬夜,月亮在夜空中闪耀着。 (3)表示量指,不定冠词表示“一”这个数量,但数的概念没有one强烈。 Rome was not built in a day. 罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。 (4)表示“某一个”,相当于some/a certain。 A Mr Brown came to see you just now. 刚才有一位布朗先生来找你了。 (5)“a(n)+序数词”表示“又一,再一”;“a most+形容词”表示“非常,很……”。 First impression is the most lasting.After all, you never get a second chance to make a first impression. 第一印象最持久。毕竟,你绝不可能再有一次机会留下第一印象。 2.用于某些具体化的抽象名词前,常考的具体化的抽象名词有:success, failure,surprise, pleasure, beauty, danger,comfort,honour等。 The art show was not a failure but a success. 这场艺术展不是失败,而是成功。 考点二 定冠词 1.特指某人或某事。 2.用在含有普通名词的专有名词前,或与世界上独一无二的事物连用。 3.用在序数词和形容词/副词最高级及only, very, same等之前;“the+形容词”表示一类人;the+名词+定语从句/非谓语作定语;the+定语+名词 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital without delay. 受伤的人被立刻送到了最近的医院。 考点三 冠词在短语中的习惯用法 1.不定冠词在短语中的习惯用法 have a look 看一下 take a bath/walk/rest 洗澡/散步/休息 as a matter of fact 事实上 all of a sudden 突然 in a hurry 匆忙地 do sb a favo(u)r 帮某人一个忙 keep an eye on 留心 2.定冠词在短语中的习惯用法 on the whole 总体上 to tell the truth 说实话 on the contrary 相反 in the end 最后 in the charge of 由……负责 考点四 零冠词 1.在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词。 2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、宾语补足语或同位语时,不加冠词。 Dr Peter Spence,headmaster of the school, told us, “A fifth of pupils here go on to further study at Oxford or Cambridge.” 这所学校的校长彼得·斯宾塞博士告诉我们:“这里五分之一的学生将继续到牛津大学或剑桥大学深造。” 3.表示时间、节日、季节、三餐、球类运动、语言、学科的名词前不用冠词。 【解题指导】 1.注意泛指还是特指 如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。 (1)如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”,一般填a/an;如果可翻译成“这/那个,这/那些”,一般填the。 (2)如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。 【典例】 But even if the general path ahead is widely agreed on, speed of the change is far from clear. 答案 the  解析:句意:但是,即使人们对未来的总体道路达成了广泛共识,变化的速度也远不清楚。此处为特指“变化的速度”,应用定冠词。 2.注意不定冠词a/an的区别 看到发音以辅音音素开头的单数名词要想到用不定冠词a;看到发音以元音音素开头的单数名词要想到用不定冠词an。 【典例】 Many of us are turning to activities like skipping with old rope, or watching one of the many “fitness experts” who produce exercise videos online. 答案 an  解析:此处是指“一根旧跳绳”,是泛指,所以应用不定冠词。old的开头发音为元音,应用不定冠词an。 单句语法填空(近五年高考真题) 1.(2024新课标I卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for first time. 2.(2024年浙江1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh. 3.(2024全国甲卷改错改编) attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing. 4.(2023新课标II卷)Not the pandas, even though____________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 5.(2023浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of grassroots Beijingers. 6.(2023新课标I卷)The meat should be fresh with ____________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 7.(2023全国甲卷改错改编)In the evening, when I take ________ walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more meaningful to me. 8.(2023全国乙卷改错改编)Mom was sure ________same color would look great on her. 9.(2022全国甲卷)____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 10.(2022新课标I卷)Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 11.(2022新课标II卷)___________ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 12.(2022全国乙卷)To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 13.(2022年浙江 1月卷)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed. 14.(2021新课标I卷)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is     must to visit! 16.(2021全国乙卷)Due to ___________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 17.(2021浙江卷)____________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. 18.(2020新课标II卷)The plum trees are __________ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化). 19.(2020浙江卷)Then,with ___________ rise of science,changes began. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 语法精讲专题 03 冠词(解析版) 冠词+解题指导+近五年高考真题精练 冠词精讲 高考近五年考情 考点一 考查不定冠词a和an的区别和基本用法 考点二 定冠词的用法 考点三 冠词在短语中的习惯用法 考点四 零冠词 考点一 不定冠词 1.表示“一”的概念。 (1)表示类指,或指某类中的任何一个。 The“Chinese Dream” is a dream to improve people’s well-being and a dream of harmony, peace and development. “中国梦”是一个改善民生的梦,是一个和谐、和平、发展的梦。 (2)表示泛指,说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。 It was a cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across the night sky. 那是一个寒冷的冬夜,月亮在夜空中闪耀着。 (3)表示量指,不定冠词表示“一”这个数量,但数的概念没有one强烈。 Rome was not built in a day. 罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。 (4)表示“某一个”,相当于some/a certain。 A Mr Brown came to see you just now. 刚才有一位布朗先生来找你了。 (5)“a(n)+序数词”表示“又一,再一”;“a most+形容词”表示“非常,很……”。 First impression is the most lasting.After all, you never get a second chance to make a first impression. 第一印象最持久。毕竟,你绝不可能再有一次机会留下第一印象。 2.用于某些具体化的抽象名词前,常考的具体化的抽象名词有:success, failure,surprise, pleasure, beauty, danger,comfort,honour等。 The art show was not a failure but a success. 这场艺术展不是失败,而是成功。 考点二 定冠词 1.特指某人或某事。 2.用在含有普通名词的专有名词前,或与世界上独一无二的事物连用。 3.用在序数词和形容词/副词最高级及only, very, same等之前;“the+形容词”表示一类人;the+名词+定语从句/非谓语作定语;the+定语+名词 The injured were taken to the nearest hospital without delay. 受伤的人被立刻送到了最近的医院。 考点三 冠词在短语中的习惯用法 1.不定冠词在短语中的习惯用法 have a look 看一下 take a bath/walk/rest 洗澡/散步/休息 as a matter of fact 事实上 all of a sudden 突然 in a hurry 匆忙地 do sb a favo(u)r 帮某人一个忙 keep an eye on 留心 2.定冠词在短语中的习惯用法 on the whole 总体上 to tell the truth 说实话 on the contrary 相反 in the end 最后 in the charge of 由……负责 考点四 零冠词 1.在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词。 2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、宾语补足语或同位语时,不加冠词。 Dr Peter Spence,headmaster of the school, told us, “A fifth of pupils here go on to further study at Oxford or Cambridge.” 这所学校的校长彼得·斯宾塞博士告诉我们:“这里五分之一的学生将继续到牛津大学或剑桥大学深造。” 3.表示时间、节日、季节、三餐、球类运动、语言、学科的名词前不用冠词。 【解题指导】 1.注意泛指还是特指 如果空格后的名词或“形容词+名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。 (1)如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”,一般填a/an;如果可翻译成“这/那个,这/那些”,一般填the。 (2)如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。 【典例】 But even if the general path ahead is widely agreed on, speed of the change is far from clear. 答案 the  解析:句意:但是,即使人们对未来的总体道路达成了广泛共识,变化的速度也远不清楚。此处为特指“变化的速度”,应用定冠词。 2.注意不定冠词a/an的区别 看到发音以辅音音素开头的单数名词要想到用不定冠词a;看到发音以元音音素开头的单数名词要想到用不定冠词an。 【典例】 Many of us are turning to activities like skipping with old rope, or watching one of the many “fitness experts” who produce exercise videos online. 答案 an  解析:此处是指“一根旧跳绳”,是泛指,所以应用不定冠词。old的开头发音为元音,应用不定冠词an。 单句语法填空(近五年高考真题) 1.(2024新课标I卷)Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for first time. 答案the 解析:考查冠词。句意:亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配:for the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意。故填the。 2.(2024年浙江1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh. 答案 the 解析:考查冠词。句意:然后,当你使用其中一部分时,另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”,为固定搭配,所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。 3.(2024全国甲卷改错改编) attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing. 答案An 解析:考查冠词。句意:一位服务员给了我们一些关于重庆的旅游手册。名词attendant 发音以元音音素开头,所以用不定冠词an,注意首字母大写。故填An。 4.(2023新课标II卷)Not the pandas, even though____________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English. 答案 the 解析:考查冠词。句意:不是熊猫,尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知,此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言,表特指,应用定冠词修饰。故填the。 5.(2023浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of grassroots Beijingers. 答案the 解析:考查冠词。句意:与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比,胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知,此处culture表示特指概念,应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 6.(2023新课标I卷)The meat should be fresh with ____________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious. 答案a。 解析:考查冠词。句意:肉应该是新鲜的,有一点甜味,汤应该是热的,清澈的,美味的。a touch of “一点点;稍许”,常用搭配,touch“轻微;稍许”常用作单数。故填a。 7.(2023全国甲卷改错改编)In the evening, when I take ________ walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more meaningful to me. 答案a 解析:考查冠词。句意:晚上,当我在学校的花园里散步时,昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。表示“散步”短语为take a walk。故填a。 8.(2023全国乙卷改错改编)Mom was sure ________same color would look great on her. 答案the 解析:考查冠词。句意:妈妈确信同样的颜色在她身上会很好看。same前常加定冠词。故填the。 9.(2022全国甲卷)____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip. 答案A 解析:考查冠词。句意:他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知,此处泛指“他的一个朋友”,应用不定冠词,friend以辅音音素开头,应用a,空处位于句首,首字母大写。故填A。 10.(2022新课标I卷)Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 答案the 解析:考查冠词。句意:该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍,将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为:倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。 11.(2022新课标II卷)___________ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto. 答案The 解析:考查冠词。句意:布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构,设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏,意为“某某一家人”,the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首,首字母应该大写。故填The。 12.(2022全国乙卷)To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday. 答案the 解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:为了庆祝这一节日,周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日,所以用定冠词the。故填the。 13.(2022年浙江 1月卷)Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed. 答案the 解析: 考查冠词。句意:对于她的出席,Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。大约有四分之三的时间,他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内,故填the。 14.(2021新课标I卷)While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is     must to visit! 答案a 解析:句意为:你在中国的时候,一定要去黄山!泛指一件必须的事情,所以用不定冠词,故填a. 15.(2021全国甲卷)It took us about 3 hours to go all ___________ way around the Xi'an City Wall. 答案the 解析:考查冠词。句意:我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直;完全地”可知短语为all the way,故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。 16.(2021全国乙卷)Due to ___________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 答案 the 解析:考查冠词。句意:由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知,空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知,此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎,所以应填定冠词the。故填the。 17.(2021浙江卷)____________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family. 答案The 解析:考查冠词。句意:林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层,以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知,此处意为“林肯一家”;根据设空后的Lincolns可知,此处考查“the+姓氏复数”,表示夫妇俩,或者一家人。设空处位于句首,所以首字母要大写。故填The。 18.(2020新课标II卷)The plum trees are __________ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化). 答案the 解析:考查冠词。句意:雪还在融化时,梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指,所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。 19.(2020浙江卷)Then,with ___________ rise of science,changes began. 答案 the 解析:考查定冠词。句意:随着科学的崛起,事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

资源预览图

语法精讲专题03 冠词 - 2025届高考英语一轮复习语法精讲精练
1
语法精讲专题03 冠词 - 2025届高考英语一轮复习语法精讲精练
2
所属专辑
相关资源
示范课
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。