高一英语下学期期末考试(天津卷)-2023-2024学年高一英语必修第三册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）

2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试（天津卷） 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：120分） 注意事项： 1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。 3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1．— Do you understand the meaning of the sentence? — Sorry, ______ . Would you please explain it again? A．I didn’t get it B．I don’t know C．I’m not in the mood for it D．I don’t agree with 2．He took off his expensive watch ______ the fact that he was rich. A．hid B．to hide C．hide D．hiding 3．I wonder if this red dress is ___________ in a larger size. This one is too tight. A．possible B．acceptable C．available D．fashionable 4．Whether you stay in the office or go home, you ______ leak the information. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．won’t D．needn’t 5．(2016·北京)______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. A．Ordering B．To order C．Having ordered D．Ordered 6．You can ______ the small and unnoticeable device to your pet so that you can easily find it. A．conduct B．attach C．press D．draft 7．Although the ring is not made of real diamond, its shape and design still ______ many young girls. A．appeal to B．fit in C．attend to D．apply for 8．Up to now, more than one high-rise building ______ around our city, making it bigger. A．have been built B．are being built C．has been built D．is being built 9．Alexander the Great spread the Greek culture from Europe to Africa and Asia, ______ the world for centuries to come. A．affected B．affecting C．affect D．to affect 10．______ his efforts to achieve peace and international cooperation, the President was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. A．Far from B．Except for C．Rather than D．Due to 11．A recent study found that the number of smartphone users ________ sharply over the past five years. A．has increased B．have increased C．is increasing D．are increasing 12．Old bikes collected from all over the country have been sent to that public school ______ poor children there can have one to ride to and from school. A．in case B．now that C．so that D．even though 13．Chuck is so independent that he never asks his parents’ opinion ______ he wants their support. A．since B．once C．unless D．after 14．Watch out! You’re standing on a dangerous bridge, ______ stairs are being repaired. A．which B．where C．that D．whose 15．The spokesman noted______some individuals apparently lack is not the means to get the correct information, but the courage and conscience to admit the truth. A．which B．that C．whether D．what 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16-35各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 On a beautiful Wednesday morning, I woke in a shared room in the hospital. Long curtains had been pulled around my bed, 16 me from the other patients. I had broken my right leg the night before. It was still summer, but mine was 17 . On the other side of my bed curtain, I heard a patient cheerfully 18 every nurse as they entered the room, as if welcoming each into his home. He called them by name and asked 19 about their families. I never heard this man whisper a word about his own 20 . That night I wept. I thought about how my schoolwork would be 21 and all the things I could, temporarily, no longer do. I woke early the next morning, 22 of the uncertain days ahead. The 23 of the room was soon broken by a quiet voice from behind the curtain. “Good morning,” the voice said 24 , clearly directing at me. “Are you doing okay?” The man must have heard my 25 the night before. Hesitantly, I responded. From there he drew me into a(n) 26 . We talked endlessly through the curtain to pass the time, without seeing each other. Every day he would greet me with cheer, “Good morning, Caroline. You are going to 27 this.” This stranger became my cheerleader, as if it was his mission to lift me up from my 28 . He 29 me to find the best in all difficult situation. Life is not always easy, he would say, but you have to 30 and look for the positive. Days later when the curtain was drawn, I saw this 31 old man for the first time. 32 his own ill health, he continued to coach me from his hospital bed in the days that followed. My discharge papers (出院证明) were finally signed and I waited 33 to get home. As I was wheeled out of the room, I said my final goodbye to the old man. I often think of my exceptional roommate and of what a(n) 34 he was to me. The effect he made during those difficult days in hospital still 35 . Thank you for being my ray of sunshine! 16．A．disappearing B．separating C．persuading D．inspiring 17．A．next B．back C．over D．here 18．A．representing B．equipping C．defending D．greeting 19．A．sincerely B．gratefully C．absolutely D．confidently 20．A．basis B．pain C．profession D．effort 21．A．ignored B．combined C．overcomed D．affected 22．A．ashamed B．rude C．scared D．energetic 23．A．silence B．highlight C．connection D．limit 24．A．frankly B．friendly C．ultimately D．previously 25．A．cheer B．appeal C．cry D．comment 26．A．conflict B．adventure C．operation D．dialogue 27．A．get through B．put on C．turn to D．get across 28．A．astonishment B．embarrassment C．sadness D．craziness 29．A．promised B．devoted C．permitted D．inspired 30．A．get away B．keep on C．let down D．make up 31．A．strict B．ambitious C．optimistic D．honest 32．A．Despite B．Beyond C．Besides D．Until 33．A．doubtfully B．curiously C．eagerly D．politely 34．A．opportunity B．gift C．contribution D．major 35．A．differs B．spreads C．occurs D．stays 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 ASome people learn a foreign language because they want to communicate with the local people. Some other people are just curious about foreign cultures. Whatever your reason may be, the best foreign language software around will certainly help you pick up the language in a few weeks. You will be able to speak fluently (流利地) and understand the language clearly as well. Tell Me More This software is widely used in U.S. schools, and it is believed to be the best foreign language learning software around the world. It offers instructions for learning Arabic, Chinese, Dutch, English, French, German, Italian, Japanese and Spanish. However, the software does not come cheap as it costs around $250. Talk Now! If you are looking for a cheaper language learning software, then this is just the suitable choice for you. This software will cost you around $40, and even though it is not as useful as Tell Me More, it is still a very good software for the purpose. The disadvantages are that there is very little focus on grammar and there is a clear lack of interactive activities (缺乏互动性活动) for users so it does not result in fluency. Instant Immersion This software provides learning material for up to 33 different languages, and it is widely considered as the best software for learning Spanish as well. It will cost you around $30, and this is a very reasonable price for such a highly recommended (推荐) and loved language learning software. The learning courses are highly interactive, and the ever present speech recognition feature ensures that you are getting the pronunciation right when you speak. Kid Speak This is a foreign language translation software that you can make use of, and it will cost you around $30. So, it is safe to say that the level of performance will be similar to that of Talk Now! This software is designed more for the use of children for its interesting videos. 36．In learning a language, __________. A．different people have different purposes B．talking with the natives is very necessary C．understanding foreign cultures is necessary D．using software is the most effective way 37．What is the disadvantage of Tell Me More? A．It lacks language learning methods. B．It offers no interactive activities. C．It costs much more than the others. D．It provides no interesting videos for children. 38．Users of Talk Now will have difficulty improving their fluency because __________. A．it doesn’t focus on grammar B．it doesn’t offer interactive activities C．it costs the users very little money D．its users are usually small kids 39．Which of the apps best suits users with poor pronunciation? A．Tell Me More. B．Talk Now. C．Instant Immersion. D．Kid Speak. 40．The author wrote this passage to __________. A．introduce some language learning software to us B．tell us the importance of learning a foreign language C．tell us the advantages and disadvantages of some software D．encourage us to use software in learning foreign languages B There’s a small brick house I visit from time to time. It’s not the house that is special, but rather the person who lives inside. I met Jenny about 45 years ago when she was my sister’s kindergarten teacher. I remember looking into her classroom wishing I was her student. Jenny created a safe place where we could be whatever we wanted to be in that moment. My parents told me I could start school when I was 4. Though, when I turned 4 in the spring, I couldn’t understand why I had to wait until September. For as long as I can remember, I’ve wanted to be a teacher. When I graduated, I couldn’t wait to invite Jenny to my classroom. She arrived one day, and I saw joy on my students’ faces singing the same songs I sang with her as a child. As a new teacher, I marveled at how she connected with children. For years, Jenny volunteered in my classroom. Over the years we have shared in each other’s ups and downs. She asks me for updates about my family and friends, and she tells me about hers. I am here for her now as the time to sell her house is near. I bring up boxes from her basement. We go through every painting a student has given her, every thank-you note a parent has written and her teaching aids. I find papers featuring the letters of the alphabet. I find my own name printed in green marker. Suddenly, my mind goes back to Room 3. More than 40 years ago, Jenny sat on the carpet at her feet. We learned about the letters and their sounds. Now, Jenny sits on her rocking chair, and I find myself sitting at her feet. Over tea, we talk for hours. I listen intently because I know I still have more to learn from her. Our friendship is one that neither one of us expected. Educators know teaching is a profession devoted to the development of young individuals. The lucky ones get to see what their students have done with their lives. The exceptional ones never leave their students’ hearts. 41．What is the best title of the passage? A．A small brick house. B．Unexpected friendship. C．A kindergarten teacher. D．Letters of the alphabet. 42．What does the underlined words “marveled at” mean in English? A．To be surprised at. B．To be satisfied with. C．To be disappointed at. D．To be angry with. 43．According to the passage, what did the author do after she graduated? A．A singer. B．A painter. C．A teacher. D．A volunteer. 44．What do we know from the last paragraph? A．Teachers play an important role in the development of students. B．Every teacher will never leave their students’ hearts. C．Every teacher will know what their students do with their lives. D．Student are lucky enough to make friends with their teachers. 45．Which of the following is true? A．Jenny taught the author painting pictures. B．The author received thank-notes from the parents. C．The author often visited Jenny’s basement. D．The author has learned a lot from Jenny. C This year some twenty-three hundred teenagers (young people aged from 13 to 19) from all over the world will spend about ten months in US homes. They will attend US schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of the real America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new language and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world. Here is a two-way student exchange in action. Fred, nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George’s family. In turn, George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America. Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’ study, the language began to come to him. Schools were completely different from what he had expected—much harder. Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States. There were almost no outside activities. Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities were around the family rather than the individual. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he missed having a car. “Back home, you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you walk, but you soon learn to like it.” At the same time, In America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea. “I suppose I should criticize American schools,” he says, “It is far too easy by our level. But I have to say that I like it very much. In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schools are better in training for citizens. There ought to be some middle ground between the two countries”. 46．The world exchange programme is mainly to ______. A．help teenagers in other countries know the real America B．send students in America to travel in Germany C．let students learn something about other countries D．have teenagers learn new languages 47．Fred and Mike agreed that ______. A．American food tastes better than German food B．German schools were harder than American schools C．Americans and Germans were both friendly D．There were more cars on the streets in America 48．What is particular in American schools is that ______. A．there is some middle ground between the two teaching buildings B．there are a lot of after-school activities C．students usually take fourteen subjects in all D．students walk outside to enjoy themselves 49．After experiencing the German school life, Fred thought ______. A．The life in Germany schools was easier for students B．German schools had a lot of outside activities C．American schools were not as good as German schools D．The life in American schools was easier for students 50．After experiencing the American school life, Mike thought ______. A．a better education should include something good from both America and Germany B．German schools trained students to be better citizens C．American schools were as good as German schools D．the easy life in the American schools was more helpful to students D Fabien Cousteau, an ocean explorer, has announced plans to build a large research station under the ocean. The goal of the project is to become an “underwater version of the International Space Station (ISS)”. Mr. Cousteau is the grandson of Jacques Cousteau, an ocean scientist who brought the wonders of the sea to the attention of people around the world. Fabien Cousteau has gone the same way, exploring the sea as a scientist and working to protect the oceans. Though the ocean is all around us, studying it is a challenge. Divers are limited in how far down they can go and how long they can stay below. Returning to the surface can be dangerous. After a deep dive, divers must wait for hours before they dive again. The new undersea laboratory is designed to solve many of those problems. Named “Proteus” the lab is a 370-square-meter structure that can be a home for up to 12 people at a time. By actually living under the sea, scientists will be able to dive and work for much longer without worrying about the dangers of coming to the surface. Mr. Cousteau says that the research base won’t just be used to study and help protect the sea, but also to research new ways of creating energy and perhaps even searching for new medicines. The power for the station is expected to come from solar energy and the movement of the ocean. Proteus is also expected to have the first underwater greenhouse in the world, so that the lab will be able to grow some of its own food. Proteus was designed by Yves Behar, a well-known designer. Mr. Cousteau and Mr. Behar are working together to raise money to build Proteus. They say it’ll cost about $135 million. Plans call for Proteus to be built on the sea floor 18 meters below the ocean’s surface off the island of Curacao in the Caribbean Sea. Mr. Cousteau hopes to have the lab completed and ready to use by 2025. 51．What is the possible reason why Fabien Cousteau becomes an ocean explorer? A．The strong support of his family. B．The influence of his grandfather. C．The trouble in exploring the ocean. D．The dream of building the ISS in water. 52．What is the purpose of Fabien Cousteau’s building Proteus? A．To make studying the ocean easy. B．To get more of the ocean mapped. C．To become known for his research. D．To draw attention to ocean exploration. 53．What is expected to be possible in Proteus? A．Exploring the island of Curacao. B．Living in the sea forever. C．Creating solar energy. D．Planting vegetables. 54．What can we know about Proteus from the passage? A．It has been put to use. B．It’s expensive to build. C．It’s in the testing stage. D．It’s built in the Pacific Ocean. 55．What is the passage mainly about? A．A world-known ocean explorer. B．A newly-built undersea laboratory C．An advanced way to explore the ocean D．A plan for an undersea research station. 第二部分:写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。 Recently, I gave my 88-year-old grandfather a call on his birthday. He was as energetic as ever. I know he’s a disciplined man who relies on very strict routines. But I realized I never asked him about his secret. As a matter of fact, you don’t need to look at scientific research on habits to figure out what to do. Just look at what a healthy family member does if you have one. You’ll see the patterns. Look at the good things they do and copy them. That’s what I’ve been doing with my grandfather. At first, I think you need to decide what habit you want to form. When you know what you want, it’s important to know when you want to do it. I often wake up at 6 am., do a three-mile run and have breakfast before I go to work. The exercise may seem a bit challenging but you can adjust the distance to suit yourself. Besides, I like to measure my habits whenever possible. For lifting weights, my goal is to do it for at least 30 minutes each time. For my runs, however, it’s a bit more flexible because it depends on how my legs feel. Most people think it takes 66 days on average to form a habit, but my grandfather will beg to differ. “In my experience, it takes a week to get used to doing something regularly. So if you wake up at the same time every day for a whole week, you can count on yourself to do it every day from that point.” That’s solid advice. Why set the bar low? You can make it if you go all out. 56．What is the author’s grandfather like? (no more than 5 words) 57．What has the author been doing according to paragraph 2? (no more than 15 words) 58．What does the underlined part in paragraph 3 probably mean? (1 word) 59．What is the author’s advice at the end of the passage? (no more than 5 words) 60．What do you think is important when you are trying to form a good habit? (no more than 20 words) 第二节：书面表达（满分25分） 61．假定你是李津，你的英国笔友Chris最近来中国某中学交换学习，他来信告诉你他不知道如何学好中文，请你给他回一封信，内容包括以下要点： 写信的目的; 具体建议：多用中文交流，提高口语和听力水平，大量阅读，增加词汇量，写中文日记，学以致用； 表达个人期待。 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3. 开头和结尾已为你写好。 Dear Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案： 1．A 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你明白这个句子的意思吗?——抱歉，我没听懂。请你再解释一遍好吗? A. I didn’t get it我没听懂；B. I don’t know我不知道；C. I’m not in the mood for it我没心情；D. I don’t agree with我不同意。根据“Would you please explain it again?”可知，没有听懂句子的意思。故选A。 2．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他摘下他那块昂贵的手表以掩盖他很有钱的事实。分析题干可知，摘下贵重的手表的目的是为了掩盖有钱的事实，因此用动词不定式做目的状语。故选B。 3．C 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想知道这件红裙子是不是宽松的，这个太紧了。 A. possible可能的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. available可获得的； 有空的； 可购得的； 能找到的；D. fashionable 流行的。根据下文“This one is too tight.”可知，我想知道这件红裙子是不是宽松的，这个太紧了。故选C项。 4．B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：不管你是留在办公室还是回家，你都不能泄露消息。A. shouldn’t不应该；B. mustn’t不得；不能；不许；C. won’t将不；D. needn’t不必。根据“Whether you stay in the office or go home,”可知，不管在办公室还是回家都不允许泄露消息。故选B。 5．D 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：(因为)那些书是一周多之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。books和order是动宾关系，即order the books/the books are ordered，故用过去分词表示被动和完成，在此相当于原因状语从句because they were ordered...，故选D。 【点睛】分词作状语 1. 分词作时间状语相当于when引导的时间状语从句；on doing sth. ="as" soon as sb. does sth.。 2. 分词作原因状语相当于as，since，because引导的原因状语从句。 3. 分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换，但是可以改写成并列句。 4. 分词作条件状语相当于if, unless等引导的从句。常见的可表示条件的分词有given, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。 5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus，thereby，only等。 6. 分词作让步状语相当于though或者even if等引导的让步状语从句。 6．B 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以把这个小而不引人注意的设备安装在你的宠物身上，这样你就可以很容易地找到它。A. conduct引导；B. attach附上；C. press压；D. draft起草。 attach ... to ... 附在……上，把……系在……。根据“so that you can easily find it.”可知，把设备系在宠物的身上。故选B。 7．A 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：虽然这枚戒指不是由真正的钻石制成的，但它的形状和设计仍然吸引着许多年轻女孩。A. appeal to呼吁，吸引；B. fit in适合；C. attend to照料；D. apply for申请。根据“Although the ring is not made of real diamond,”可知，这枚戒指的形状和设计仍然吸引着许多年轻女孩。故选A。 8．C 【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，我们城市周围已经建造了不止一座高层建筑，使其变得更大。根据时间状语up to now可知，句子使用现在完成时，build与主语building 之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，且“more than one+单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式，即has been built。故选C项。 9．B 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：亚历山大大帝将希腊文化从欧洲传播到非洲和亚洲，影响了世界几个世纪。表示前面事情所带来的自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语。故选B。 10．D 【详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：由于他为实现和平和国际合作所做的努力，总统被授予诺贝尔和平奖。A. Far from远离，一点也不；B. Except for除了；C. Rather than而不是；D. Due to由于。根据“the President was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize.” 由于为实现和平和国际合作所做的努力，所以获得诺贝尔和平奖。故选D。 11．A 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最近的一项研究发现，在过去的五年里，智能手机用户的数量急剧增加。根据时间状语“over the past five years”可知，空处谓语动词需用现在完成进行时态：have/has been doing，表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在，将有可能继续下去， the number of +可数名词复数作主语，谓语动词需用单数，所以此处助动词需用has。故选A。 12．C 【详解】考查连词短语词义辨析。句意：从全国各地收集的旧自行车已经送到了那所公立学校，以便那里的贫困儿童可以骑着自行车上学和放学。A. in case以防；B. now that既然；C. so that以便；D. even though即使。根据“Old bikes collected from all over the country have been sent to that public school”可知，从全国各地收集的旧自行车的目的是以便贫困儿童可以骑着自行车上学和放学。故选C。 13．C 【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：Chuck很独立，除非想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求他们的意见。A. since自从；B. once一旦；C. unless除非；D. after在……以后。根据“he never asks his parents’ opinion”可知，除非Chuck想得到父母的支持，否则他从不征求他们的意见。故选C。 14．D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：小心!你站在一座危险的桥上，桥的楼梯正在修理。句子先行词为a dangerous bridge，在非限定性定语从句中作名词stairs 的定语，所以用关系代词whose引导。故选D。 15．D 【详解】考查宾语从句连接词。句意：发言人指出有些人明显缺乏的不是获取正确信息的手段，而是承认真理的勇气和良知。分析句子可知，谓语动词noted后接了一个宾语从句，此宾语从句缺乏宾语，宾语是物，所以用引导词what。故选D项。 16．B 17．C 18．D 19．A 20．B 21．D 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者摔断了右腿，非常沮丧和恐惧，幸亏一位病友一直鼓励作者，让作者找回了生活的信心。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的床周围拉着长长的窗帘，把我和其他病人隔开了。A. disappearing消失；B. separating分开；C. persuading说服；D. inspiring鼓励。根据上文“Long curtains had been pulled around my bed”可知，帘子把病人们隔开了。故选B。 17．考查副词词义辨析。句意：那时还是夏天，但我的夏天已经结束了。A. next随后；B. back向后；C. over结束；D. here在这里。根据上文“I had broken my right leg the night before. (前一天晚上我摔断了右腿)”可知，作者的夏天结束了。故选C。 18．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的床罩的另一边，我听到一个病人兴高采烈地向每一个走进房间的护士打招呼，就像欢迎他们来到自己的家一样。A. representing代表；B. equipping配备；C. defending保护；D. greeting问候。根据后文“as if welcoming each into his home.”可知，病人兴高采烈地向每一个走进房间的护士打招呼。故选D。 19．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他叫出他们的名字，真诚地询问他们的家庭情况。A. sincerely真诚地；B. gratefully感激地；C. absolutely绝对地；D. confidently自信地。根据上文“as if welcoming each into his home.”可知，这个病人对人很热情，真诚地问候别人的家人。故选A。 20．考查名词词义辨析：句意：我从没听他谈起过自己的痛苦。A. basis基础；B. pain痛苦；C. profession职业；D. effort努力。根据上文“I never heard this man whisper a word about his own”可知病人关心他人，没有谈及自己的痛苦。故选B。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想到我的学业将会受到怎样的影响，以及所有我暂时不能再做的事情。A. ignored忽视；B. combined结合；C. overcame克服；D. affected影响。根据下文“ all the things I could, temporarily, no longer do”可知，作者担心受伤会影响自己的学业。故选D。 22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天早上我很早就醒了，对未来不确定的日子感到恐惧。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. rude粗鲁的；C. scared害怕的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据后文“of the uncertain days ahead”可知当时作者恐惧未来。故选C。 23．考查名词词义辨析：句意：房间里的寂静很快被窗帘后面传来的一个安静的声音打破了。A. silence沉默；B. highlight高潮；C. connection连接；D. limit限制。根据后文“of the room was soon broken by a quiet voice from behind the curtain”可知，房间里的沉默被打破。故选A。 24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“早上好”那个声音友善地说，显然是冲着我来的。A. frankly坦率地；B. friendly友善地；C. ultimately最终，最后；D. previously先前地。根据后文“Good morning”可知，那个声音友善地问好。故选B。 25．考查名词词义辨析：句意：那人一定是在前一天晚上听到了我的哭声。A. cheer高兴；B. appeal吸引；C. cry哭泣；D. comment评论。根据上文“That night I wept.(那天晚上我哭了)”可知，听到了作者的哭声。故选C。 26．考查名词词义辨析：句意：从那以后，他把我拉进了一场谈话。A. conflict冲突；B. adventure冒险；C. operation手术；D. dialogue对话。根据后文“We talked endlessly through the curtain to pass the time”可知两人开始了对话。故选D。 27．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每天他都会兴高采烈地跟我打招呼：“早上好，卡罗琳。你会挺过去的。”A. get through度过；B. put on穿上；C. turn to向某人求助；D. get across使被理解。根据后文“This stranger became my cheerleader, as if it was his mission to lift me up from my 　　13　　.”病人鼓励作者，说会度过难关。故选A。 28．考查名词词义辨析：句意：这个陌生人成了我的啦啦队长，仿佛他的使命就是把我从悲伤中拉起来。A. astonishment惊讶；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. sadness悲伤；D. craziness疯狂。根据上文“This stranger became my cheerleader”可知，病人鼓励作者，把作者从悲伤中拉出来。故选C。 29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励我在任何困难的情况下都要找到最好的一面。A. promised承诺；B. devoted贡献；C. permitted允许；D. inspired鼓励。根据后文“me to find the best in all difficult circumstances”可知病人鼓励作者去看到事情好的一面。故选D。 30．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他会说，生活并不总是容易的，但你必须坚持下去，寻找积极的一面。A. get away离开；B. keep on坚持；C. let down使失望；D. make up编造。根据后文“and look for the positive”可知，生活并不总是容易，但必须坚持下去，看到好的一面。故选B。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，当窗帘拉开时，我第一次见到了这个乐观的老人。A. strict严格的；B. ambitious有抱负的；C. optimistic乐观的；D. honest诚实的。根据上文 “Life is not always easy, he would say, but you have to 　　15　　 and look for the positive.”老人鼓励作者看到积极一面，可知他很乐观。故选C。 32．考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管他自己身体不好，但在接下来的日子里，他从病床上继续指导我。A. Despite尽管；B. Beyond超越；C. Besides除……之外；D. Until直到。根据后文“his own ill health, he continued to coach me from his hospital bed in the days that followed”可知，此处表示让步，表示尽管他自己身体不好，但在接下来的日子里，他继续指导作者。故选A。 33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的出院文件终于签好了，我急切地等着回家。A. doubtfully怀疑地；B. curiously好奇地；C. eagerly急切地；D. politely礼貌地。根据上文“My discharge papers were finally signed”可知，作者可以出院了，急切地等着回家。故选C。 34．考查名词词义辨析：句意：我经常想起我那不寻常的室友，他对我来说是一份多么大的礼物。A. opportunity机会；B. gift礼物；C. contribution贡献；D. major专业。根据上文“Life is not always easy, he would say, but you have to 　　15　　 and look for the positive.”可知，老人鼓励了作者，对作者来说是一份礼物。故选B。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在医院里那些艰难日子里所产生的影响仍然存在。A. differs不同；B. spreads传播；C. occurs发生；D. stays停留。根据上文“I often think of my exceptional roommate and of what a(n) 　　　19　　　he was to me. ”指病人对作者的影响仍然存在。故选D。 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．C 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章为想学一门语言的人推荐了一些语言学习软件。 36．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Some people learn a foreign language because they want to communicate with the local people. Some other people are just curious about foreign cultures. (有些人学习一门外语是因为他们想和当地人交流。还有一些人只是对外国文化好奇。)”可知，不同的人学习一门语言有不同的目的。故选A项。 37．细节理解题。根据Tell Me More部分中“However, the software does not come cheap as it costs around $250. (然而，这款软件并不便宜，售价约为250美元。)”、Talk Now!部分中“This software will cost you around $40 (这个软件将花费你大约40美元)”、Instant Immersion部分中“It will cost you around $30 (大约要30美元)”和Kid Speak部分中“it will cost you around $30 (大约要30美元)”可知，Tell Me More的缺点是售价比其他的贵得多。故选C项。 38．细节理解题。根据Talk Now!部分中“The disadvantages are that there is very little focus on grammar and there is a clear lack of interactive activities (缺乏互动性活动) for users so it does not result in fluency. (缺点是很少关注语法，并且明显缺乏互动性活动，所以它不会带来流利。)”可知，这款软件的用户将很难提高他们的流利程度，因为它没有提供互动活动。故选B项。 39．细节理解题。根据Instant Immersion部分中“The learning courses are highly interactive, and the ever present speech recognition feature ensures that you are getting the pronunciation right when you speak. (学习课程是高度互动的，并且始终存在的语音识别功能确保您在说话时获得正确的发音。)”可知，这款软件适合发音不好的用户。故选C项。 40．推理判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“Whatever your reason may be, the best foreign language software around will certainly help you pick up the language in a few weeks. (不管你的原因是什么，最好的外语软件肯定会帮助你在几周内学会这门语言。)”可推知，文章的写作目的是给想学一门语言的读者介绍一些语言学习软件。故选A项。 41．B 42．A 43．C 44．A 45．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己和Jenny之间意想不到的友谊故事，第一次见到Jenny的时候，作者就想成为她的学生。在她的影响下，作者成为了一名教师，多年来两人一直保持亲密的联系。 41．标题判断题。通读全文可知，作者讲述了自己和Jenny之间意想不到的友谊故事，第一次见到Jenny的时候，作者就想成为她的学生。在她的影响下，作者成为了一名教师，多年来两人一直保持亲密的联系。因此，B项“意想不到的友谊”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选B项。 42．短语猜测题。根据第三段中“She arrived one day, and I saw joy on my students’ faces singing the same songs I sang with her as a child. As a new teacher, I marveled at how she connected with children. (有一天她来了，我看到我的学生们脸上洋溢着喜悦，唱着我小时候和她一起唱的歌。作为一名新老师，我对她与孩子们相处的方式……。)”可知，Jenny和作者的学生相处的时候，让他们唱着作者小时候唱的歌，让他们非常快乐。由此推知，作者会对这种相处方式感到惊讶，marveled at应该表示“对……感到惊讶”。故选A项。 43．细节理解题。根据第三段中“For as long as I can remember, I’ve wanted to be a teacher. When I graduated, I couldn’t wait to invite Jenny to my classroom. (从我记事起，我就一直想成为一名教师。当我毕业的时候，我迫不及待地邀请Jenny到我的教室。)”可知，作者毕业后成为了一名教师。故选C项。 44．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Educators know teaching is a profession devoted to the development of young individuals. The lucky ones get to see what their students have done with their lives. The exceptional ones never leave their students’ hearts. (教育工作者知道教学是一项致力于年轻个体发展的职业。幸运的人可以看到他们的学生用他们的生活做了什么。优秀的老师永远不会离开学生的心。)”可知，教师致力于年轻个体的发展，对学生的生活和心灵产生深刻的影响。因此，教师在学生的发展中发挥着重要作用。故选A项。 45．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I listen intently because I know I still have more to learn from her. (我专心地听着，因为我知道我还有很多东西要向她学习。)”和最后一段中“The exceptional ones never leave their students’ hearts. (优秀的老师永远不会离开学生的心。)”可知，D项“作者从Jenny身上学到很多”与文章内容相符。故选D项。 46．C 47．B 48．B 49．D 50．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个世界交换生项目，并举例说明其中两个交换生的交换生活情况。 46．推理判断题。根据第一段中“They will attend US schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of the real America. At the same time, about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new language and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world.(他们将进入美国的学校，与美国的青少年见面，形成对真正的美国的印象。与此同时，大约1300名美国青少年将前往其他国家学习新的语言，并对世界其他地方有新的了解。)”可知，这个世界交换项目的主要目的是为了让学生真正学到其他国家的一些东西。故选C项。 47．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’ study, the language began to come to him. Schools were completely different from what he had expected—much harder.( Fred是一个活泼的年轻人，刚来的时候几乎不懂德语，但经过两个月的学习，他开始熟悉德语了。学校与他所期望的完全不同——要困难得多。)”以及第六段中“At the same time, In America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea. ‘I suppose I should criticize American schools,’ he says, ‘It is far too easy by our level. (与此同时，在美国，一个友善的德国男孩Mike也在形成他的想法。‘我想我应该批评美国的学校，’他说，‘以我们的水平来看，这太容易了。)”可知，Fred和Mike都认为，与美国学校相比，德国学校的学习难度更大。故选B项。 48．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities.(在德国，我们除了学习什么都不做。在这里，我们参加许多课外活动。)”可知，美国学校的特别之处是有很多课外活动。故选B项。 49．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Schools were completely different from what he had expected—much harder. Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States.(学校与他所期望的完全不同——要困难得多。当老师走进房间时，学生们恭敬地起立。他们选了14门科目，而不是美国通常的6门。)”可知，经历了德国的学校生活后，Fred认为美国学校的学习生活对学生来说更轻松。故选D项。 50．推理判断题。根据最后一段Mike所说的“There ought to be some middle ground between the two countries.(这两个国家之间应该有一些中间地带。)”可知，Mike认为一种更好的教育应该包含美国教育和德国教育两者的优点，把二者的优点结合在一起。故选A项。 51．B 52．A 53．D 54．B 55．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一项建立海底实验室的计划。 51．推理判断题。由第二段“Mr. Cousteau is the grandson of Jacques Cousteau, an ocean scientist who brought the wonders of the sea to the attention of people around the world. Fabien Cousteau has gone the same way, exploring the sea as a scientist and working to protect the oceans. (库斯托先生是海洋科学家雅克·库斯托的孙子，他将海洋奇观带给了世界各地的人们。法比安·库斯托也走上了同样的道路，作为一名科学家探索海洋，并致力于保护海洋)”可推知，法比安·库斯托成为海洋探险家的可能原因是受到他祖父的影响。故选B项。 52．推理判断题。由第三段“Though the ocean is all around us, studying it is a challenge. Divers are limited in how far down they can go and how long they can stay below. Returning to the surface can be dangerous. After a deep dive, divers must wait for hours before they dive again. (尽管海洋就在我们周围，但研究它是一项挑战。潜水员在往下走多远和在下面呆多久都是有限的。返回水面可能很危险。深潜后，潜水员必须等待数小时才能再次潜水)”和第四段中的“The new undersea laboratory is designed to solve many of those problems. (新的海底实验室旨在解决其中的许多问题)”及“By actually living under the sea, scientists will be able to dive and work for much longer without worrying about the dangers of coming to the surface. (通过实际生活在海底，科学家们将能够潜水和工作更长的时间，而不用担心浮出水面的危险)”可推知，研究海洋有许多危险，新的海底实验室旨在解决这些问题，Cousteau设立Proteus的目的是使研究海洋变得容易一些。故选A项。 53．细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Proteus is also expected to have the first underwater greenhouse in the world, so that the lab will be able to grow some of its own food. (Proteus预计还将拥有世界上第一个水下温室，这样实验室就可以自己种植一些食物)”可知，在Proteus里面可以自己种植一些食物（蔬菜）。故选D项。 54．细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Mr. Cousteau and Mr. Behar are working together to raise money to build Proteus. They say it’ll cost about $135 million. (库斯托先生和贝哈尔先生正在共同筹集资金来建造Proteus。他们说这将花费大约1.35亿美元。计划要求在加勒比海库拉索岛外海面下18米的海底建造Proteus)”可知，Proteus建造资金需要筹集，预计大约1.35亿美元，Proteus建造成本很高。故选B项。 55．主旨大意题。由第一段“Fabien Cousteau, an ocean explorer, has announced plans to build a large research station under the ocean. The goal of the project is to become an “underwater version of the International Space Station (ISS)”. (海洋探险家法比安·库斯托宣布计划在海底建造一个大型研究站。该项目的目标是成为“国际空间站的水下版本”)”和全文内容可知，海洋探险家Fabien Cousteau宣布计划在海底建造一个大型研究站，该项目的目标是成为“国际空间站的水下版本”。由此可知，本文旨在介绍一项建立海底研究站的计划。故选D项。 56．Energetic and disciplined. 57．Looking at the good things his/her grandfather does and copying him. Or Following his grandfather and developing good habits. 58．Disagree / Vary/ Object. 59．Don't set the bar low./ Go all out / Try the best. 60．I think a specific goal is important. That makes you know exactly what you want and helps to succeed. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的祖父精力充沛且自律，启发了作者关于习惯养成的思考。作者认为习惯的养成与家庭成员有关，养成习惯重要的是别把门槛设置得太低且全力以赴。 56．考查细节理解。根据第一段“He was as energetic as ever. I know he’s a disciplined man who relies on very strict routines.(他和以前一样精力充沛。我知道他是个纪律严明的人，循规蹈矩)”可知，祖父精力充沛且自律。故答案为Energetic and disciplined. 57．考查细节理解。根据第二段“Look at the good things they do and copy them. That’s what I’ve been doing with my grandfather.(看看他们做的好事，然后模仿他们。我和我祖父就是这么做的)”可知，作者在看着他/她的祖父做的好事并模仿他。或者跟随他的祖父，养成好习惯。故答案为Looking at the good things his/her grandfather does and copying him. Or Following his grandfather and developing good habits. 58．考查词句猜测。根据划线词后文““In my experience, it takes a week to get used to doing something regularly. So if you wake up at the same time every day for a whole week, you can count on yourself to do it every day from that point.”(“根据我的经验，要习惯有规律地做一件事需要一周的时间。所以，如果你连续一周每天都在同一时间起床，你就可以指望自己从那时起每天都这样做。”)”可知，祖父认为一周就可以养成习惯，反对养成一个习惯平均需要66天的说法。故划线词意思是“反对”。故答案为Disagree / Vary/ Object. 59．考查细节理解。根据最后一段“That’s solid advice. Why set the bar low? You can make it if you go all out.(这是可靠的建议。为什么要把门槛定得这么低呢？如果你全力以赴，你会成功的)”可知，作者在文章结尾的建议是别把门槛定得太低/全力以赴/尽力而为。故答案为Don't set the bar low./ Go all out / Try the best. 60．考查开放题。根据“当你试图养成一个好习惯时，你认为什么是重要的？”可回答：我认为一个明确的目标很重要。这让你确切地知道你想要什么，并有助于成功。故答案为I think a specific goal is important. That makes you know exactly what you want and helps to succeed. 61．Dear Chris, Learning that you have no idea how to study Chinese well in China as an exchange student here, I am writing to share my suggestions with you. It is important for you to talk with your classmates in Chinese as much as possible. It is an effective way to improve your oral Chinese and listening ability. Besides, spending much time reading Chinese newspapers and magazines will be helpful, which can enlarge your vocabulary. In addition, I strongly recommend you keep a Chinese diary every day. Only by putting what you have learned into use can your Chinese be improved. Hopefully, you can find my advice useful. I’m looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Jin 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Tom写信，告知他如何学好中文。内容包括：写信的目的；具体建议；个人期待。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：suggestion→ advice 此外：besides → what’s more 有益处的：helpful→ beneficial 增加：enlarge→ increase 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：It is important for you to talk with your classmates in Chinese as much as possible. It is an effective way to improve your oral Chinese and listening ability. 拓展句：Talking with your classmates in Chinese as much as possible is important, which is an effective way to improve your oral Chinese and listening ability. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, spending much time reading Chinese newspapers and magazines will be helpful, which can enlarge your vocabulary. （运用了动名词作主语以及which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Only by putting what you have learned into use can your Chinese improved.（运用了only+介词短语引导的倒装句） 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$