核心语法知识夯基13 状语从句（精讲精练）-2025届高三英语一轮复习闯关攻略

状语从句（讲义） 目录 一 状语从句概念及分类 二 状语从句易错题分析 三 高考模拟试题 状语从句概念及分类 状语从句在句中相当于副词，做状语，又叫副词性从句。 状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句和比较状语从句。 地点状语从句 地点状语从句通常由where, wherever引导。 例如：  Where I live there are plenty of trees.  在我住的地方有很多树。  Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.  不管我在哪里，我都会想到你。  方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由as, as if, as though引导。  （1）as的用法 Will you please do the experiment as I am doing?  请按我的方法做这个实验好吗？ （2）as if, as though的用法， ①引导的方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大的可能性时，通常用陈述语气，常与look/seem/taste/smell/sound等词连用。 It looks as if it is going to rain.  看来要下雨。 ②从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻，通常用虚拟语气。 The injured man acted as if nothing had happened to him.  这个受伤的男子行动起来似乎什么也没有发生似的。 说明： as if/as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语。 例如：  He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.  他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。  He cleared his throat as if to say something.  他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。学科，网 原因状语从句 because，as，since与for的不同用法： 相同之处： 中文都表示“因为”，均为连词。 区别： （1）如果表示原因的状语从句语气较强，在整个句子中占重要位置，是句子的主要部分，一般用“because”。即回答why问句的提问，应用because。  — Why did they come to China? 他们为什么要去中国？ — Because their father wanted to work in China. 因为他们的父母想到中国工作。 （2）如果原因不重要，或为人所知，一般用as或since。它所引导的从句常常放在句首。  As you ask, I will tell you.  你既然问我，我就告诉你。  （3）for引导的句子表示原因，语气较because弱，类似一种补充说明，一般不用它来回答why提出的问题。它引导的从句不能放在句首，而且前面一般用逗号与主句分开。 We can’t go, for it’s raining.  由于天下雨，我们不能走了。 说明： for是并列连词。 目的状语从句 表示目的状语从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导。 例如：  You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.  你必须大点声，别人就能听见了。 Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.  最好多穿点衣服，以防天冷。  结果状语从句  结果状语从句常由so…that或such…that引导。so...that与such…that之间可以转换。 例如：  The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.  (= He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.) 这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。  条件状语从句 连接词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that等。if引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。  unless = if not.  例如：  Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired.  (= If you are not too tied, let’s go out for a walk.)    如果不太累，我们去散散步。  让步状语从句  （1）though, although引导的让步状语从句，后面的从句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用。 例如：  Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field.  虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。  （2）as, though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。 例如：  Child as though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.  虽然他是个孩子，但是他知道该做什么，不该做什么。 学；科网 （3）ever if, even though即使。 例如：  We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.  即使天气不好，我们也要去远足。  （4）whether…or… 不管……都。 例如：    Whether you believe it or not, it is true.  信不信由你，这确实是真的。  （5）“no matter +疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”。 例如：  No matter what happened, he would not mind. (= Whatever happened, he would not mind.) 不管发生什么，他不在意。  替换： no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever  no matter when = whenever    no matter where = wherever  no matter which = whichever   no matter how = however  提醒：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。  （错）No matter what you say is of no use now.  （对）Whatever you say is of no use now.  你现在说什么也没用了。 （错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they’re given,  （对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they’re given. 囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。  比较while, when, as  （1）as, when引导短暂性动作的动词。 例如：  Just as/Just when/When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我一刹车，就有一个人向我走来。  （2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。 例如：  When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.  赶完活后，你可以休息一下。  （3）从句表示“随时间推移”的连词能用as，不用when 或while。 例如：  As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。  比较until和till 此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。  肯定句： I slept until midnight.  我一直睡到半夜时醒了。  Wait till I call you.  等着我叫你。 否定句： She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock.  她直到6点才到。  Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.  公共汽车停稳后再下车。  区别： （1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 例如：  Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.  直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。  （2）until when疑问句中，until要放在句首。 例如：  — Until when are you staying? 你待到什么时候？  — Until next Monday. 待到下周一。  注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。  （1）Not until…在句首，主句用倒装。 例如：  Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.  直到19世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。  Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.  直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了几多岁月。  （2）It is not until… that…  例如：  It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.  直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了几多岁月。 表示“一…就…”的结构  （1）as soon as, once, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute 引导的状语从句，常译作“一……就……” （2）hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than和as soon as也可以表示“一……就……”的意思。 在这些结构中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 例如：  I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.  刚回家，就下起雨来了。  I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.  As soon as I got home, it began to rain.  状语从句易错题分析 误判并列句和状语从句 1. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, preserving ecological buffer zones, ________ leaving behind precious natural assests (资产) for future generations”. 2. Guide dogs offer social, physical and mental benefits for some people who are blind， training them is an expensive and long process.  状语从句的省略 1. Though ________(defeat) , he still felt sad. 2. When ________ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. 状语从句类别判断失误 （改错) Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. 典例分析 1. Wang saw the lively scene ________ she was traveling in Aksu. 2. The power rationing in Jiangsu also forced factories in the key manufacturing(制造业） industry to cut or even stop their operations________ the end of the month. 3．I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing ________ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it. 4．Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny ________ they think they are? 5．Much ________ I like this book, I like others much better. 6．______ the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity. 7．________ a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain. 8．He didn’t formally retire ______ last December. Then he flew to Italy to visit his daughter. 高考模拟试题 一、单项选择 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）Scientists have discovered that it is hundreds of years ______ plastic breaks down, whereas for paper, the period is much shorter. A．when B．before C．since D．after 2．（2024·天津·二模）You should bring your jacket with you __________ the weather takes a turn and becomes cold later. A．so that B．as if C．in case D．even if 3．（2024·天津·二模）With my father’s guidance and encouragement, I learned how to ride a bike ________ I knew it. A．when B．until C．as D．before 4．（2024·天津河北·一模）Please ensure you have a backup of all your documents ________ the system upgrade encounters unexpected issues. A．even if B．as if C．ever since D．in case 5．（23-24·天津和平·三模）______the council has provided places for us to take our empty bottles for recycling, many of us still throw glass bottles into the ordinary dustbins. A．However B．Even though C．On account of D．Despite 6．（2024·山东·一模）—She is highly skilled at dealing with difficulties. —__________ she’s had special training, see? A．Because B．Because of C．As if D．As long as 7．（2024·天津·三模）_______ you form the habit of taking regular exercise and stick to it, you will be much healthier. A．As long as B．In case C．As if D．Even if 8．（2024·广东广州·二模）______hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A．Whatever B．Whichever C．However D．Whenever 9．（2024·上海·二模）________ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown. A．Unpopular as has white been B．As unpopular white has been C．As white has been unpopular D．Unpopular as white has been 10．（2024·天津和平·二模）You can learn enough first aid knowledge in a few minutes—________ it’s from reading a book, attending a course or watching videos online. A．when B．as C．whether D．once 11．（2024·重庆一模）________ my head had cleared, my brain was beginning to function much better. A．Now that B．Although C．Due to D．Despite 12．（2024·湖南·三模）_____ the Internet is of great help. I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A．If B．While C．Because D．As 13．（2024·北京石景山·一模）She was such a proud person that she would die she would admit she was wrong. A．since B．when C．unless D．before 14．（2024浙江·三模）　　　　 online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. A．Since B．After C．While D．Unless 15．（2024高三·天津·三模）______ more and more people may turn to the Internet for the latest news, it is unlikely that the newspaper will disappear． A．When B．Because C．Since D．While 二、翻译 16．（2024·上海普陀·二模）人们常常抱怨飞机餐难吃，主要是因为在飞机上人们的味觉和嗅觉都会暂时失灵。(complain) （汉译英） 17．（2024·上海长宁·二模）比赛结束时，观众席上掌声雷动。(burst) 18．（2024·上海长宁·二模）由于路面结冰，部分高速公路临时封闭，致使许多乘客困在路上，出门前最好留意天气预报。（trap） 19．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）由于大量接触到当地人的语言，约翰不知不觉就学会了当地口音。(before) 20．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）当我们在互联网上发布信息时，必须考虑潜在的后果，因为某些细节可能会被媒体误解或夸大。(likely) (汉译英) 21．（23-24高三·上海·一模）自从他的小说在网络上走红之后，他便经历了一场“破天的富贵”，成为了文坛的新星。(since) 22．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）离职，不管是什么工作，是一个艰难的改变，即使对于那些期待退休的人来说也是如此。(no matter) 23．（23-24上海宝山·三模）在填写高考志愿时，如果你的意见和父母的意见相左时，你会怎样妥善处理？（agree） 24．（2024·上海杨浦·一模）他的古画修复水平如此之高，使得那幅尘封已久的画作重现光彩。（such） 25．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）只要这项研究的结果能够应用于新技术的开发，我们的努力就会得到回报。(so long as) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 状语从句（讲义） 目录 一 状语从句概念及分类 二 状语从句易错题分析 三 高考模拟试题 状语从句概念及分类 状语从句在句中相当于副词，做状语，又叫副词性从句。 状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句和比较状语从句。 地点状语从句 地点状语从句通常由where, wherever引导。 例如：  Where I live there are plenty of trees.  在我住的地方有很多树。  Wherever I am I will be thinking of you.  不管我在哪里，我都会想到你。  方式状语从句 方式状语从句通常由as, as if, as though引导。  （1）as的用法 Will you please do the experiment as I am doing?  请按我的方法做这个实验好吗？ （2）as if, as though的用法， ①引导的方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大的可能性时，通常用陈述语气，常与look/seem/taste/smell/sound等词连用。 It looks as if it is going to rain.  看来要下雨。 ②从句所表示的情况不是事实，而是主观的想象或夸大性的比喻，通常用虚拟语气。 The injured man acted as if nothing had happened to him.  这个受伤的男子行动起来似乎什么也没有发生似的。 说明： as if/as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语。 例如：  He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.  他目不转睛地看着我，就像第一次看见我似的。  He cleared his throat as if to say something.  他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。学科，网 原因状语从句 because，as，since与for的不同用法： 相同之处： 中文都表示“因为”，均为连词。 区别： （1）如果表示原因的状语从句语气较强，在整个句子中占重要位置，是句子的主要部分，一般用“because”。即回答why问句的提问，应用because。  — Why did they come to China? 他们为什么要去中国？ — Because their father wanted to work in China. 因为他们的父母想到中国工作。 （2）如果原因不重要，或为人所知，一般用as或since。它所引导的从句常常放在句首。  As you ask, I will tell you.  你既然问我，我就告诉你。  （3）for引导的句子表示原因，语气较because弱，类似一种补充说明，一般不用它来回答why提出的问题。它引导的从句不能放在句首，而且前面一般用逗号与主句分开。 We can’t go, for it’s raining.  由于天下雨，我们不能走了。 说明： for是并列连词。 目的状语从句 表示目的状语从句可以由that, so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case等词引导。 例如：  You must speak louder so that/in order that you can be heard by all.  你必须大点声，别人就能听见了。 Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.  最好多穿点衣服，以防天冷。  结果状语从句  结果状语从句常由so…that或such…that引导。so...that与such…that之间可以转换。 例如：  The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.  (= He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school.) 这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。  条件状语从句 连接词主要有if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that等。if引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。  unless = if not.  例如：  Let’s go out for a walk unless you are too tired.  (= If you are not too tied, let’s go out for a walk.)    如果不太累，我们去散散步。  让步状语从句  （1）though, although引导的让步状语从句，后面的从句不能有but，但是though和yet可连用。 例如：  Although it’s raining, they are still working in the field.  虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。  （2）as, though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）。 例如：  Child as though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.  虽然他是个孩子，但是他知道该做什么，不该做什么。 学；科网 （3）ever if, even though即使。 例如：  We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.  即使天气不好，我们也要去远足。  （4）whether…or… 不管……都。 例如：    Whether you believe it or not, it is true.  信不信由你，这确实是真的。  （5）“no matter +疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”。 例如：  No matter what happened, he would not mind. (= Whatever happened, he would not mind.) 不管发生什么，他不在意。  替换： no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever  no matter when = whenever    no matter where = wherever  no matter which = whichever   no matter how = however  提醒：no matter 不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。  （错）No matter what you say is of no use now.  （对）Whatever you say is of no use now.  你现在说什么也没用了。 （错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they’re given,  （对）Prisoners have to eat whatever they’re given. 囚犯们只能给什么吃什么。  比较while, when, as  （1）as, when引导短暂性动作的动词。 例如：  Just as/Just when/When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我一刹车，就有一个人向我走来。  （2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。 例如：  When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.  赶完活后，你可以休息一下。  （3）从句表示“随时间推移”的连词能用as，不用when 或while。 例如：  As the day went on, the weather got worse. 日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。  比较until和till 此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。  肯定句： I slept until midnight.  我一直睡到半夜时醒了。  Wait till I call you.  等着我叫你。 否定句： She didn’t arrive until 6 o’clock.  她直到6点才到。  Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped.  公共汽车停稳后再下车。  区别： （1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 例如：  Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.  直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。  （2）until when疑问句中，until要放在句首。 例如：  — Until when are you staying? 你待到什么时候？  — Until next Monday. 待到下周一。  注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。  （1）Not until…在句首，主句用倒装。 例如：  Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.  直到19世纪初，人类才知道热为何物。  Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.  直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了几多岁月。  （2）It is not until… that…  例如：  It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.  直到工作，才认识到我已蹉跎了几多岁月。 表示“一…就…”的结构  （1）as soon as, once, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute 引导的状语从句，常译作“一……就……” （2）hardly/scarcely…when/before, no sooner…than和as soon as也可以表示“一……就……”的意思。 在这些结构中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。 例如：  I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.  刚回家，就下起雨来了。  I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.  As soon as I got home, it began to rain.  状语从句易错题分析 误判并列句和状语从句 1. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, preserving ecological buffer zones, ________ leaving behind precious natural assests (资产) for future generations”. 【答案】 and 【易错分析】句子较长，造成逻辑意思理解困难，误以为定语从句或状语从句。 【解题思路】考查并列连词。GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性（完整性）、保护生物多样性、保护生态缓冲区、_____为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然金鞘（资产）”的指导原则。 2. Guide dogs offer social, physical and mental benefits for some people who are blind， training them is an expensive and long process.  【答案】 and 【易错分析】句子较长，造成逻辑意思理解困难，误以为定语从句或状语从句。 【解题思路】考查并列连词。上下文之间为转折关系。句意：导盲犬为一些盲人提供了社会，身体和心理上的好处，但是训练他们是一个昂贵而漫长的过程。 【名师点津】并列句和状语从句中的连词是语法填空题中常考点之一。连词分为并列连词和从属连词，常考的并列连词有and，but，or，so，while，when等； 状语从句的省略 1. Though ________(defeat) , he still felt sad. 【答案】defeated 【易错分析】为熟练掌握状语从句的省略用法。 【解题思路】though是连词应当引导让步状语从句，从句中无主语，可知考查状语从句的省略。观察defeat与he是被动关系，故填defeated。 【名师点津】在时间，条件，让步状语从句中，从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，并且含有be动词时，可把从句中的主语和be动词同时省略。或只需考虑所给动词和主语的逻辑关系，主动用doing,被动则用done。 2. When ________ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. 【答案】comparing 【易错分析】 为熟练掌握状语从句的省略用法, 没有仔细推断主语we和compare在本句中的逻辑主被动关系。 【解题思路】由连词when及动词可知本题考查省略句。句意：当我们比较不同的文化时，我们往往只注意到差异，而没有注意到许多相似之处。主语we与compare为主动关系，故填comparing。 状语从句类别判断失误 （改错) Whether you ride a bicycle, you don’t use petrol. 【答案】Whether改为If或When 【易错分析】分析长难句逻辑不清楚，单纯从语法角度看不出来，加强对句意的分析。 【解题思路】考查状语从句连接词。句意：当你骑自行车的时候你是不用汽油的，由句意可知，该句阐述的是一个事实，需用if或when引导，位于句首，首字母大写，故将whether改为If或When。 【名师点津】引导状语从句的从属连词 1. 时间状语从句 （1）when，while，as； (2) as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instant，no sooner...than...，hardly/scarcely...when...和once表示“一……就……”。（3）before与since；(4)every time，each time，next time，the last time，any time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当……；每次……；下次……”等。 2. 条件状语从句 （1）till，until和not...until ； (2) if，unless＝if...not，so/as long as，in case，on condition that(条件是)，suppose/supposing(假设，如果)，provided that(如果)等 3. 地点状语从句 where和wherever 4. 让步状语从句 While/Though/Although 5. 原因状语从句 because，as，since(既然)，now that，seeing that，considering that。 6. 方式状语从句 as，as if，as though 7. 结果状语从句 so...that...，such...that...。 8. 目的状语从句 （1）so that，in order that，for fear that，in case (that)/lest。 （1）in order that，so that （3）for fear that，in case (that)/lest 典例分析 1. Wang saw the lively scene ________ she was traveling in Aksu. 【答案】when/while/as 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：王在阿克苏旅游时看到了这热闹的一幕。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when/while/as引导。故填when/while/as。 2. The power rationing in Jiangsu also forced factories in the key manufacturing(制造业） industry to cut or even stop their operations________ the end of the month. 【答案】填until/till 【解析】考查连词。句意：江苏的限电还迫使关键制造业的工厂减产甚至停产，直到月底。根据语境可知，句子表示“江苏的限电还迫使关键制造业的工厂减产甚至停产，直到月底”，空格处意为“直到”，是until/till，故填until/till。 3．I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing ________ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it. 【答案】As long as 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：只要他们知道我在做什么，他们就不会介意。引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用as long as，句首单词首字母要大写。故填As long as。 4．Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny ________ they think they are? 【答案】as 【解析】考查连词。句意：是外国人不懂英式幽默，还是英国人真的不像他们自己认为的那样有趣？根据“just not so funny”和“they think they are”可知此处要用连词，短语so...as...意为“与……一样”。故填as。 5．Much ________ I like this book, I like others much better. 【答案】as/though 【解析】考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：虽然我很喜欢这本书，但我更喜欢其他书。分析句子可知，句子为让步状语从句，空格处单词引导从句，句子为部分倒装，构成“强调对象+as/though+主语+其他部分”，故应用“as/though”引导从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。故填as/though。 6．______ the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity. 【答案】Whatever 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献。由“Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity”可知，句子表示“不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献”，空格处意为“无论什么”，用whatever引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Whatever。 7．________ a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain. 【答案】While/Although 【解析】考查连词和让步状语从句。句意：虽然大量的美洲虎在这里生存，但它们只是这片森林食物链中的一员。由“a significant number of jaguars survive here”可知，句子表示“虽然大量的美洲虎在这里生存，但它们只是这片森林食物链中的一员”，空格处意为“虽然，尽管”，是while/although，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填While/Although。 8．He didn’t formally retire ______ last December. Then he flew to Italy to visit his daughter. 【答案】until 【解析】考查连词。句意：他直到去年12月才正式退休，然后就飞往意大利去看望女儿了。not…until…直到……才……，是一个固定句型，引导时间状语从句，故填until。 高考模拟试题 一、单项选择 1．（2024·天津河北·二模）Scientists have discovered that it is hundreds of years ______ plastic breaks down, whereas for paper, the period is much shorter. A．when B．before C．since D．after 【答案】B 【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：科学家们发现塑料需要数百年才能分解，而纸的分解周期要短得多。A. when当……时候；B. before在……之前；C. since自从；D. after在……之后。空处引导时间状语从句，为连词词性；根据句意，塑料分解之前有数百年的时间，故应用before。故选B。 2．（2024·天津·二模）You should bring your jacket with you __________ the weather takes a turn and becomes cold later. A．so that B．as if C．in case D．even if 【答案】C 【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：你应该带上一件夹克，以防过会儿变天，天气会冷。A. so that以至于；B. as if好像；C. in case以防万一；D. even if即使。根据句意，带上夹克的目的就是为了防止天气变冷，in case符合题意，故选C项。 3．（2024·天津·二模）With my father’s guidance and encouragement, I learned how to ride a bike ________ I knew it. A．when B．until C．as D．before 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：在父亲的指导和鼓励下，我不知不觉地学会了骑自行车。A. when当……时；B. until直到；C. as因为；D. before在……之前。分析句子结构可知，此处是时间状语从句。before sb. knew it表示“不知不觉中；在自知之前”。故选D项。 4．（2024·天津河北·一模）Please ensure you have a backup of all your documents ________ the system upgrade encounters unexpected issues. A．even if B．as if C．ever since D．in case 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：请确保您已备份了所有文件，以防系统升级遇到意外问题。A. even if即使；B. as if好像；C.ever since自从；D. in case以防。根据上文“Please ensure you have a backup of all your documents”可知备份文件是以防升级遇到意外问题，in case“以防”符合题意，引导目的状语从句。故选D。 5．（23-24·天津和平·三模）______the council has provided places for us to take our empty bottles for recycling, many of us still throw glass bottles into the ordinary dustbins. A．However B．Even though C．On account of D．Despite 【答案】B 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管委员会为我们提供了回收空瓶子的地方，但我们中的许多人仍然把玻璃瓶扔进了普通的垃圾箱。A. However然而；B. Even though即使，尽管；C. On account of由于；D. Despite不管。分析句子可知，空处应用连词even though“即使，尽管”引导让步状语从句。故选B。 6．（2024·山东·一模）—She is highly skilled at dealing with difficulties. —__________ she’s had special training, see? A．Because B．Because of C．As if D．As long as 【答案】A 【详解】考查连词和介词辨析。句意：——她非常善于处理困难。——因为她受过特殊训练，明白吗？A. Because因为；B. Because of因为；C. As if好像；D. As long as只要；根据语境和后文“see?”可知，此处说明“她善于处理困难的原因”，because of是介词短语，不接从句。故选A项。 7．（2024·天津·三模）_______ you form the habit of taking regular exercise and stick to it, you will be much healthier. A．As long as B．In case C．As if D．Even if 【答案】A 【详解】考查状语从句连接词辨析。句意：只要你养成定期锻炼的习惯并坚持下去，你就会健康得多。A. As long as只要；B. In case以防万一；C. As if仿佛，好像；D. Even if尽管。分析句子以及根据句意，此处引导的是条件状语从句，表示“只要你养成定期锻炼的习惯并坚持下去”，表示条件。故选A。 8．（2024·广东广州·二模）______hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A．Whatever B．Whichever C．However D．Whenever 【答案】C 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：不减少进食，无论你怎么努力，要减肥都是困难的。A. Whatever无论什么；B. Whichever无论哪一个；C. However无论怎样；D. Whenever无论什么时候。分析句意可知，空处为让步状语从句的引导词，意思为“无论怎样”，however =no matter how无论怎么，引导让步状语从句。故选C。 9．（2024·上海·二模）________ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown. A．Unpopular as has white been B．As unpopular white has been C．As white has been unpopular D．Unpopular as white has been 【答案】D 【详解】考查倒装结构和从句。句意：虽然白色过去不受欢迎，但目前它是婚纱的首选颜色。as是连词，引导让步状语从句时，往往使用部分倒装结构，构成“形容词+as+主语+谓语”结构。故选D。 10．（2024·天津和平·二模）You can learn enough first aid knowledge in a few minutes—________ it’s from reading a book, attending a course or watching videos online. A．when B．as C．whether D．once 【答案】C 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：你可以在几分钟内学到足够的急救知识——无论是通过读书、参加课程还是在线观看视频。固定结构：whether...or...“不管……还是……”。引导让步状语从句。结合句意及选项可知，选项C符合题意，故选C。 11．（2024·重庆一模）________ my head had cleared, my brain was beginning to function much better. A．Now that B．Although C．Due to D．Despite 【答案】A 【详解】考查连词。句意：由于我的头脑清醒了，我的大脑开始运转得更好了。A. now that 既然；由于；B. although conj. 虽然；C. due to 由于；因为；D. despite prep. 尽管，虽然。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要连词，表示“因为，由于”的意思，引导原因状语从句。C选项的是介词短语。故选A。 12．（2024·湖南·三模）_____ the Internet is of great help. I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A．If B．While C．Because D．As 【答案】B 【详解】考查状语从句连词。句意：尽管因特网很有帮助，但我并不认为在网上花太多时间是一个好主意。根据句意可知上下文表示转折关系，句中while相当于although/though。故B项正确。 13．（2024·北京石景山·一模）She was such a proud person that she would die she would admit she was wrong. A．since B．when C．unless D．before 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：她是个如此骄傲的人以至于她宁愿死也不愿承认她是错的。这里用before，这个词翻译的时候很灵活，可以是“才…，就…，还没来得及…”，也可以像这题一样翻译成表示“宁愿…，决不…，与其…，毋宁…”常与will或would连用，所以选D。 14．（2024浙江·三模）　　　　 online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. A．Since B．After C．While D．Unless 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是其所有的影响都是积极的。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since既然，自从；after在……之后；unless除非。故选C。 15．（2024高三·天津·三模）______ more and more people may turn to the Internet for the latest news, it is unlikely that the newspaper will disappear． A．When B．Because C．Since D．While 【答案】D 【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然越来越多的人愿意上网看最新的新闻，但是报纸也不会消失。A.When 当……时；B. Because 因为； C. Since自从。D.While尽管。分析句子可知，逗号前后两句是转折关系，所以此处用while引导让步状语从句。故选D。 二、翻译 16．（2024·上海普陀·二模）人们常常抱怨飞机餐难吃，主要是因为在飞机上人们的味觉和嗅觉都会暂时失灵。(complain) （汉译英） 【答案】People often complain about airline food, mainly because people’s sense of taste and smell will be temporarily lost on the plane. 【详解】考查短语、时态和原因状语从句。“人们”翻译为people，在句中作主语；“常常”用副词often，所以用一般现在时；“抱怨”用短语complain about；“飞机餐”翻译为airline food；“主要是”用副词mainly；“因为”用连词because，引导原因状语从句；从句陈述将要发生的事情，用一般将来时；“人们的味觉和嗅觉”翻译为 people’s sense of taste and smell，在从句中作主语；“都会暂时失灵”翻译为be temporarily lost；“在飞机上”翻译为on the plane。故翻译为People often complain about airline food, mainly because people’s sense of taste and smell will be temporarily lost on the plane. 17．（2024·上海长宁·二模）比赛结束时，观众席上掌声雷动。(burst) 【答案】When the game was over, a burst of applause came from the audience. When the game was over, the audience burst into applause. 【详解】考查动词短语、时态和状语从句。“比赛结束时”是时间状语从句，用从属连词when引导，主语“比赛”用the game表示，“结束”用短语be over表示，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态was over；“观众席上掌声雷动”是主句，可用“掌声”作主语，译为a burst of applause，“观众席上”理解为“来自观众席”，谓语“来自”用动词短语come from表示，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态came from，宾语“观众席”用the audience表示，也可用“观众”作主语，译为the audience，“掌声雷动”理解为“爆发出掌声”，谓语“爆发”用动词短语burst into表示，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态burst into，宾语“掌声”用applause表示。综上，全句可译为：When the game was over, a burst of applause came from the audience./When the game was over, the audience burst into applause. 18．（2024·上海长宁·二模）由于路面结冰，部分高速公路临时封闭，致使许多乘客困在路上，出门前最好留意天气预报。（trap） 【答案】As roads were frozen/covered with ice, some freeways/expressways/highways were closed temporarily, and many passengers were trapped on the roads. It’s better to listen to the weather broadcast before starting out/setting off/leaving/departure. 【详解】考查时态、原因状语从句、动词短语。分析句子结构，“由于路面结冰”为时间状语从句，使用连词as连接从句，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，句子可以使用“主系表”结构或“主谓结构”，也即使用过去分词做表语或使用一般过去时的被动语态，翻译为：As roads were frozen或As roads were covered with ice；表示“高速公路”含义的表达为：freeway或expressway或highway，“部分高速公路临时封闭”为主谓结构，因主语与谓语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态，翻译为：some freeways/expressways/highways were closed temporarily；“致使许多乘客困在路上” 为主谓结构，因主语与谓语之间为被动关系，使用被动语态，因句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时的被动语态，翻译为：many passengers were trapped on the roads；表示“最好……”含义的表达为：It is better to do；表示“留意天气预报”含义的表达为：listen to the weather broadcast；表示“出门前”含义的表达为：before starting out或before setting off或before leaving或before departure，翻译为：It’s better to listen to the weather broadcast before starting out/setting off/leaving/departure，故翻译为：As roads were frozen/covered with ice, some freeways/expressways/highways were closed temporarily, and many passengers were trapped on the roads. It’s better to listen to the weather broadcast before starting out/setting off/leaving/departure. 19．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）由于大量接触到当地人的语言，约翰不知不觉就学会了当地口音。(before) 【答案】Through heavy exposure to/ Exposed a lot to local people’s speech/ language, John acquired/picked up their accent before he realized it. 【详解】考查介词短语、动词短语、名词、时间状语从句和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“由于大量接触到当地人的语言”应为介词短语Through heavy exposure/Exposed a lot to local people’s speech；表示“学会，习得”应为动词短语pick up；表示“他们的口音”为名词短语their accent；后接连词before引导的时间状语从句，表示“意识到”为动词realize；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，所以为一般过去时。故翻译为：Through heavy exposure to/ Exposed a lot to local people’s speech/ language, John acquired/picked up their accent before he realized it. 20．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）当我们在互联网上发布信息时，必须考虑潜在的后果，因为某些细节可能会被媒体误解或夸大。(likely) (汉译英) 【答案】When we post information on the Internet, it’s essential to consider its potential consequences, as certain details are likely to be misinterpreted or overstated by the media. 【详解】考查状语从句、固定句型和时态。根据句中的“当……时”可知，这里应用when引导时间状语从句，根据句中的“因为……”可知，这里应用as引导原因状语从句。“在互联网上”可表示为on the Internet；“发布信息”可表示为post information；“必须……”可用固定句型it’s essential to do...表示；“考虑”可表示为consider；“潜在的”可表示为potential；“后果”可表示为consequences；“某些细节”可表示为certain details；“可能……”可用固定句型be likely to do...表示，主语为certain details，谓语应用复数形式；“媒体”可表示为the media；“误解”可表示为misinterpret；“夸大”可表示为overstate。根据句意可知，这里陈述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时。故本句可翻译为：When we post information on the Internet, it’s essential to consider its potential consequences, as certain details are likely to be misinterpreted or overstated by the media. 21．（23-24高三·上海·一模）自从他的小说在网络上走红之后，他便经历了一场“破天的富贵”，成为了文坛的新星。(since) 【答案】Since his novel went viral online, he has experienced a “sudden surge of fame and fortune”, becoming a new star in the literary world. 【详解】考查时态、时间状语从句、非谓语动词。表示“自从”用since，引导时间状语从句；表示“他的小说”用his novel，作主语；表示“走红”用固定短语go viral，根据语境可知事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式went，表示“在网络上”用online，表示“自从他的小说在网络上走红之后”用时间状语从句Since his novel went viral online。在主句中：表示“他”用he，作主语；表示“经历”用experience，根据句意和句中Since可知，experience这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时，又因主语是第三人称单数代词，所以助动词用has；表示“破天的富贵”用sudden surge of fame and fortune，其前用冠词a表示“一场”。表示“成为”用become，与he为主动关系，用现在分词作状语；表示“文坛的新星”用a new star in the literary world，作表语。故翻译为Since his novel went viral online, he has experienced a “sudden surge of fame and fortune”, becoming a new star in the literary world. 22．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）离职，不管是什么工作，是一个艰难的改变，即使对于那些期待退休的人来说也是如此。(no matter) 【答案】Quitting a job, no matter what it is, is a difficult change, and it is same even for those looking forward to retirement. 【详解】考查状语从句和非谓语动词。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“离职”应用quit a job，此处为动名词短语作主语；表示“不管是什么工作”应用no matter what it is，no matter what引导让步状语从句；表示“是”应用be，动名词作主语，be动词用is；表示“一个艰难的改变”应用a difficult change；表示“那些”应用those；表示“期待”应用look forward to，此处作定语修饰those，look forward to和those之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语，表示“即使对那些期待退休的人来说也是如此”应用it is same even for those looking forward to retirement；“离职，不管是什么工作，是一个艰难的改变”和“即使对于那些期待退休的人来说也是如此。”是并列关系，需用连词and连接。故翻译成：Quitting a job, no matter what it is, is a difficult change, and it is same even for those looking forward to retirement. 23．（23-24上海宝山·三模）在填写高考志愿时，如果你的意见和父母的意见相左时，你会怎样妥善处理？（agree） 【答案】While filling in the college entrance examination application, if your idea doesn’t agree on your parents’, how would you like to solve it properly? 【详解】 考查状语从句中的省略、状语从句和动词。表示“在填写高考志愿时”应为时间状语从句，引导词为while，表示“填写高考志愿”应为fill in the college entrance examination application，结合句意，该句描述的是动作在进行，从句主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词，所以从句可以省去“主语+be动词”，应译为while filling in the college entrance examination application，位于句首时，while的首字母需大写；表示“如果你的意见和父母的意见相左时”应为if引导的条件状语从句，表示“你的意见”应为your idea，表示“你的父母的意见”可以使用所有格形式your parents’，表示“相左”也就是“不一致”应为agree on的否定形式，结合句意可知，条件状语从句描述的是客观事实，所以此处使用一般现在时，主语your idea为第三人称单数，所以表示“不一致”应为doesn’t agree on，所以条件状语从句译为if your idea doesn’t agree on your parents’；表示“你会怎样妥善处理”应为特殊疑问句，表示“怎样”应为how，表示“妥善处理”应为solve it properly，表示“你会……”应为you would like to do sth.，在疑问句中，将would提至主语之前，所以主句应译为how would you like to solve it properly。故翻译为While filling in the college entrance examination application, if your idea doesn’t agree on your parents’, how would you like to solve it properly? 24．（2024·上海杨浦·一模）他的古画修复水平如此之高，使得那幅尘封已久的画作重现光彩。（such） 【答案】His skill of restoring the ancient paintings has reached such a level that he has made the one covered under the dust for a long time/the long buried one regain/ return to its former glory. His skill of restoring the ancient paintings has reached such a level that he has restored the one covered under the dust for a long time to its former glamour. 【详解】考查名词短语、动词、结果状语从句和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“他修复古画的技巧”应为名词短语His skill of restoring the ancient paintings；表示“达到”为动词reach；后接such…that…引导的结果状语从句，表示“水平”为名词level；在从句中，表示“使得”为动词make，表示“那幅尘封已久的画作”可译为the one covered under the dust for a long time，表示“回到，重回”应为动词短语return to或restore...to...；表示“昔日的辉煌”应为名词短语its former glory。结合句意可知，该句主句应为现在完成时，从句为一般过去时。故翻译为：His skill of restoring the ancient paintings has reached such a level that he has made the one covered under the dust for a long time return to its former glory. 25．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）只要这项研究的结果能够应用于新技术的开发，我们的努力就会得到回报。(so long as) 【答案】So long as the results of this research can be applied to the development of new technologies, our efforts will be rewarded. 【详解】考查状语从句和动词。表示“只要”用so long as，其引导条件状语从句，时态符合“主将从现”。表示“研究的结果”用the results of this research；表示“能够应用于新技术的开发”用can be applied to the development of new technologies，此处构成情态动词的被动语态；表示“我们的努力就会得到回报”用our efforts will be rewarded，此处表示将来发生的动作，故使用一般将来时，同时our efforts与reward之间是被动关系，故使用一般将来时的被动语态。故翻译为So long as the results of this research can be applied to the development of new technologies, our efforts will be rewarded. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$