新概念英语第三册 Lesson 3 An unknown goddness 课件

NCE Lesson3 Anunknown goddess 无名女神 课文原文 ① Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. ②An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. ③The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. ④Houses--often three storeys high--were built of stone.⑤ They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. ⑥The city was even equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneaththe narrow streets. ⑦The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. ⑧In the most sacred room of the temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. ⑨Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. ⑩The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. ⑪Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. ⑫This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. ⑬It was very old and precious even then. ⑭When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. ⑮She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. ⑯She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. ⑰Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity. 1. 标题： Anunknown goddess 无名女神 un 否定前缀 known 著名的，被人所知晓的 ---unknown 未知的，不被人知晓的 like ---unlike happy ----unhappy real----unreal comfortable---uncomfortable friend---unfriendly ① Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. 词汇：archaeologist 考古学家 ---ist的后缀：后缀是指由一个词演变过来的单词.或动词,或形容词.一般的来说,以-ist结尾的”都是名词 例如:scientist科学家, artist画家,pianist钢琴演奏家, chemist化学家, educationist教育家, violinist 小提琴家, physicist 物理学家。 ① Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. 语法：本句使用了被动式 was made ，强调discovery是被考古学家做出，在以结果、影响、效果为主语的被动式句子中，强调了对客观事实的陈述。 被动语态 基本 结构 be + done ；用于各种时态混合练习 am/is/are + done ; am/is/are + being done was/were + done ; was/were + being done have/ has been done ; will be done/ is going to be done; would be done had been done 语法巩固 1. By the end of last year，another new gymnasium ____________(complete) in Beijing. 2.The little girl cried her heart out because she _____________(lose) her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it. 3. Is this the third time that you _____________(be) late? 4. He ________________(write) the composition the whole morning and he is still working. 5. He __________________(learn) English for eight years by the time he graduates from the university next year.  6.By this time tomorrow we _____________(repair) the machine. 7. Teenagers ____________(damage) their health because they play computer games too much.  8. I called Hannah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get through. Her brother ________ (talk) on the phone all the time!  ②An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. 语法分析: 句中which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple。在这个句子中，which = that; stand = lie\ be situated (vt.) \be located (vt.), 因此，做句型转换后，本句可改成： An American team explored a temple which/ that is located / situated in...。 An American team explored a temple which/that lies in... stand v. 表示高高坐落于，矗立于。e.g. She stands 1.75m. 她一米七五。 A great tree stands on the mount. 山上有个大树。（我们也可以用there be句型来表达中文意思，但是请大家体会以下这两句的差异。there be陈述客观事实：那里有什么，而文中的句子，强调坐落在岛上，以及例句则突出树，并且很高，代表作者的一些感情色彩再里面。 ③The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. 语法分析：【at one time:表达曾经，一度；是过去时态的标志。must have been是表示肯定的推测， a high level of 是高度的…如：a high level of pressure 高负荷压力。enjoyed a high level of civilization. 享有高度文明。】 (1) for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. for引导并列句，不是原因状语从句，尽管习惯上人们都称for引导的这样的句子为原因状语从句，仅仅是因为我们常把它翻译为“因为……”。其实，这时的for从句只是对主句进行附加说明。如果一定要归类为原因状语从句，也要对比一下：because引导原因状语从句，全句是重点突出原因的，而for所在的句子全句的重点在主句，是突出了主句的。 我们还是把for看作是并列连词，引导的是并列句，引出的原因是比较间接，只提供一些辅助性的补充说明，似乎是事后想做的补充解释，或附加的理由，并不是说明主句行为发生的直接原因。通俗点讲，主句发生的动作不是因为for所说明的原因，有时甚至可以“倒因为果”。for引导的并列句只能放于主句之后，并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。例如：e.g. (1) I do it because I like it. 我做这件事因为我喜欢。 (2) The day broke, for the birds were singing. 破晓了，因为鸟儿在唱歌。 (3) He could not have seen me, for I was not there. 他不可能看到我，因为我没在那儿。 (4) He seldom goes out now, for he is very old. 他现在很少出去，因为老了。 ④Houses--often three storeys high--were built of stone. 词汇 storey n. 楼层，层 were built 被动 build of 延申 make of ; make from ; make by ; make uo ⑤ They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. with...作为所有物、属性或特点具有：e.g. a young man with broad shoulders 一个宽肩膀的青年。an old lady with black hair 一个黑发老妇人。 beautifully decorated 过去分词做定语，e.g. a beautifully dressed lady衣着漂亮的女士。a deserted carpark 废弃的停车场。a white painted door 被粉刷成白色的门。 强调：过去分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间是：被动关系。现在分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间为；逻辑主动关系: a boy climbing the tree / the students reading in the room。 复习lesson 2的句子: Armed with a torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on.牧师拿着一支电筒走上钟楼想去看看究竟发生了什么事情。 ⑥The city was even equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneaththe narrow streets. be equipped with 配备，装备，for 引导并列句，表示间接原因。见第一句解析 beneath the narrow streets，辨析：beneath\under\below (1) prep. beneath = under 正下方e.g. He is standing under / beneath the umbrella.他站在雨伞下面。 (2) under 还有"在进行中" 的意思。e.g. under control 控制之中；under discussion 讨论之中；under repairs 修理之中 (3) below:在下方，强调斜下方位置低于e.g. She is sitting below the window. ⑦The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century B.C. until Roman times. be used as / be used to be 把...用作为。e.g. The box was used as a desk in the small village school. The plastic box was used as a bookcase. The paper box is used to contain books. 区别： be used to do ; be used to doing used todo ⑧In the most sacred room of the temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. sacred adj. 神的，神圣的；宗教的 fragments n. 碎片（fragment 的复数）；片断；[计]分段 statues n. [建]雕像（statue 的复数） were found. 被动 ⑨Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. represent vt. 代表 e.g. I represent all the classmates. representative n. 代表，代理人 --tive 结尾表人的： detective 侦探 native 本地人 had been painted 过去完成时被动语态 had been done ⑩The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century B.C. dating 现在分词，修饰 remains，e.g. the customs dating from 1990 date from 追溯到，从... 开始，date from＝date back to ，e.g. The castle dates from/dates back to the 14th century. ⑪Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. happen to 强调事情偶然发生e.g. I happen to have driven that kind of car. 我恰好开过这种车。 He happened to find the ticket in his pocket. 他恰巧在口袋里找到那张票。 变换句式：It happens that......e.g. It happnes that I met her on my way to work I happened to meet her on my way to work. ⑫This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. must have been found 肯定是：用于表示对过去事件的肯定推测，表达对某事发生的强烈信念或推断。 延申：should have done; could have done; would have done (虚拟语气) been found 被发现 been preserved 被保存 ⑬It was very old and precious even then. precious adj. 宝贵的，珍贵的；珍视的，重要的；珍稀的，珍奇的 ⑭When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. 语法分析一: amazed:辨析： surprised; astonished; amazed; astounded 感到惊讶的，语气递增: surprised; astonished: much surprised; amazed: very much surprised; astounded 非常惊讶，尺愕，惊奇。 语法分析二: turn out 表明结果 ， turn out ( to be) + n./adj. 结果是...e.g. Our party turned out (to be) a success. It turned out that............ 原来是(表示结果)，that 主语从句，it 作形式主语e.g. It turned out that the diamond had been in the bank all the time. It turned out that his statement was false. as it turns out 人们后来发现e.g. As it turns out, there was not need to worry. As it turns out, the report was mistaken. 人们后来发现,这篇报告被弄错了。 ⑮She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. rest on = depend on, lean on. e.g. His hand rested lightly on my shoulder. 他的手轻轻搭在我的肩上。 ⑯She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. was wearing 过去进行时 表当时的状态 full-length adj. 全身的；全长的 ； half-length adj. 半身的，半身像的 which swept the ground 从句 加以说明主语 ⑰Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity. despite / in spite of +n. /动名词，so far,up to now 都是完成时的标志, 到目前为止e.g. Up to now, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity. discover her identity: find out her identity 总结 回答问题 How did the archaenologists know that the satatue was a goddess? 总结 1 Where did the archaeologists find clay fragments? 2 What did they represent? 3 Had they once been painted or not? 4 Where was the body of one statue found? 5 Where was its head found? 6 Were the fragments reconstructed or not? 7 How tall did the goddess turn out to be? 8 Where did her hands rest? 9 What was she wearing? 10 Is her identity known or not? 总结 词汇复习 goddess n.女神 sacred adj.宗教的，神圣的 archaeologist n.考古学家 fragment n.碎片 Aegean adj.爱琴海的 remains n.遗物，遗迹，废墟 explore .考察，勘探 classical adj.(希腊和罗马)古 promontory n.海角 prosperous adj.(经济的，昌盛的 thrive动勃度机. reconstruct v.修复 rest u.倚放，放置 civilization n.文明v hip n.屁股，臀部 storey n.楼层 full--length adj.(裙衣)拖地长的 drainage n.排水 graceful adj.优雅的 worship n.祟拜 identity n.身份 $$