Unit 1知识点梳理及语法 讲义-2024-2025学年七年级英语人教版（2024）上册

Unit 1 You and Me 七年级上册英语Unit 1知识点与语法精讲精练 词汇梳理 （一）完成单词梳理： 名词：1. 年级；等级 2. 同班同学 3. 错误；失误 4. 国家 5. 乐队 6. 锅 7. 豆腐 8. 鹦鹉 9. 吉他 10. 网球 11. 信息；消息 12. 业余爱好 动词：1. 想（用于礼貌地邀请或向某人提供某物）；将会 副词：1. 甚至；连；愈加 形容词：1. 完整的；满的 2. 相同的 感叹词：1. 嘿；喂 兼类词：1. （adj/pron）每个；各自 2. （pron）另外的人（或物）（adj）另外的；其他的 3. （n）双胞胎之一（adj）双胞胎之一的 4. （adj/pron）两个；两个都 5. （n）帖子；邮政（v）邮寄；发布 （二）词汇变形小结： 1. one 一(num.) →   (序数词) 2. country 国家(n.) →   (复数) 3. hobby 业余爱好(n.) →   (复数) 4. friend 朋友(n.) →   (复数) →   (adj.)友好的 （三）短语攻关： 交朋友 认识；了解 互相；彼此 全名 姓氏 名字 在同一个班 班主任 名字 新同班同学 注意 很；非常 弹吉他 一只宠物鸟 火锅 北京烤鸭 和……玩…… 愿意/喜欢做某事 知识点梳理 Section A How do we get to know each other? 1. Where are you from? 你来自哪里？ 【用法详解】be from意为“来自……；是……的人”。同义词组是 。 Eg.The boy is from(=come from) Yunnan, and his name is Li Hua. 那个男孩来自云南，他叫李华。 【特别提醒】“from+地点”可作后置定语，放在被修饰词之后，此时from前不加动词。 ►The young man from New York is our English teacher. 那个来自纽约的年轻人是我们的英语老师。 【拓展延伸】from作介词，还可意为“（表示时间）从……开始”或“（表示两地的距离）离”，此时常构成固定短语： “从……到……”。 Eg.We’re open from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. every day. 我们每天从早8点到晚7点营业。 We’re not far from my home now. 我们现在离我家不远了。 【即学即用】 （ ）1.Tom goes to school from Monday ________ Friday. A. at B. to C. for D. on （ ）2.—Where ________ you from? —Lucy ________ from the USA, I ________ from China. A.are; come; am B.are; come; is C.are; comes; is D.are;comes; am 2. ①Peter’s full name is Peter Brown. 彼得的全名是彼得·布朗。 ②Ella’s last name is Miller. 埃拉的姓是米勒。 ③Hui is her first name. 慧是她的名字。 【用法详解】知识点1： 全名 姓氏 名字 first name相当于given name，last name相当于family name。 Eg.Her full name is Kate Smith. Kate is her first/given name, and Smith is her last/family name. 她的全名叫凯特·史密斯。凯特是她的名字，史密斯是她的姓。 文化拓展 中英文姓名表达法 中文姓名的英语写法一般用汉语拼音表示。姓和名分开写， 在前， 在后。姓和名的第一个字母都要 。如果是复姓，两个字要写在一起。如：Li Bai李白，Bai Juyi 白居易，Zhuge Liang 诸葛亮。 英文姓名的写法与中文名字不同： 在前， 在后。如：Peter Brown彼得·布朗。说英语国家的人还会有中间名（middle name），放在名字和姓之间。如：Mary Sophia Miller 玛丽·索菲亚·米勒。 中文： Song Meimei 英文： Charlotte Elizabeth Smith name name name middle name name 知识点2： last的用法 形容词 最后的；末尾的 I am always the last one to leave. 我总是最后一个离开的人。 上一个的 last night/Sunday/month 昨晚/上周日/上个月 动词 持续 The meeting lasts 30 minutes. 会议持续30分钟。 副词 最后 Who is speaking last?谁最后发言？ 知识点3： （1）first作形容词，意为“第一（位）的”，常作定语。 Eg.Hi, my name’s Li Lei. It’s my first day at our school. 嗨，我叫李雷。这是我在我们学校的第一天。 （2）first还可看作是 对应的序数词，表示顺序，通常与定冠词 连用。 Eg.January is the first month of the year. 一月是一年之中的第一个月。 【即学即用】 （ ）1.His name is Nick Hand. Nick is his ________ name. A. given B. last C. full D. family （ ）2.Kate Miller is my friend. Kate is her ________. Miller is her ________. A. first name; last name B. last name; first name C.family name; given name D. first name; first name （ ）3.My name is Helen Brown. Helen is my ________ name. A. first B. middle C. last D. family 4.My name is Mary Smith. My ________ (one) name is Mary. 3. Meimei is in Class 1, Grade 7. 梅梅在七年级一班。 【用法详解】grade作名词，在此处意为“年级；等级”。泛指年级时，grade的首字母小写；grade后有具体数字，表示几年级时，首字母通常大写。 Eg.—What grade are you in, Lily? 莉莉，你在哪个年级？ —I’m in Grade 7.我在七年级。 【拓展延伸】grade作名词，还可意为“成绩等级；评分等级”。 Eg.Boys and girls, good luck and wish you to get good grades in a new year. 同学们，祝你们好运，也祝你们在新的一年里取得好成绩。 4. Ella is 12 years old. 埃拉今年12岁。 【用法详解】... years old意为“……岁”，常用来表示某人的岁数。 Eg.My father is 40 years old. 我爸爸今年四十岁。 【易混辨析】重点：“基数词-year-old”与“基数词+ years old” 基数词-year-old 意为“几岁的”，是复合形容词，作定语。注意要用连字符“-”连接各个单词，且中间的year要用 （单数/复数）形式 She is a 12-years-old girl. 基数词+ years old 意为“几岁”，多用作表语 I am 14 years old. 【即学即用】 （ ）1.Jane is ________ girl and she is in Grade 1. A. a 8-years-old B. an 8-years-old C. a 8-year-old D. an 8-year-old 2.Tom is 26 ________ (year) old. 5. —What class are you in, Peter? 彼得，你在哪个班？ —I’m in Class 1. 我在一班。 【用法详解】“What class + be + 主语+ in?”该句型用于询问某人在哪个班。其答语是“主语+ be + in + Class +基数词”。此时class和其后的基数词首字母要大写（基数词还可以用阿拉伯数字表示）。 Eg.—What class is Tom in? 汤姆在几班？ —He is in Class Seven/7. 他在七班。 【拓展延伸】疑问词what还可与grade、group、row等连用，用来询问年级、组、排等。 【即学即用】 1.Frank is in Class 8.(对画线部分提问) _______ _______ is Frank in? 6. Tom and I are both in the school band. 我和汤姆都是学校乐队的成员。 【用法详解】（1）both作形容词时，意为“两个”，位于被修饰的名词前，名词要用 （单数/复数）形式。all 表示三者及三者以上都 Eg.Look at the trees on both sides of the street. 看街道两边的树。 （2）both作代词时，意为“两个都”，可单独使用，位于实义动词前，be动词/情态动词/助动词之后。也可用于both of...结构。常考搭配： ……和……都。当它连接并列主语时，谓语动词要用 （单数/复数）形式。 Eg.The two books are both about history. 这两本书都与历史相关。 Both of us like reading famous stories. 我们俩都喜欢阅读著名故事。（both of ...作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式） Both my father and my mother are teachers. 我的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。 【即学即用】 （ ）1.Her father and mother ________ drinking black tea. A.are both like B.are all like C.both like D.all like （ ）2.There’ ll be a ________ meeting next week, and my parents will ________ come for it. A.parent’; all B.parents’; both C.parent’s; all D.parents’; all （ ）3.Mr. Black lives happily with his three dogs. ________ of them are part(部分) of his family. A.Both B.All C.One D.None 7. ①Peter is 12 years old too. 彼得也是12岁。 ②She is also 13 years old. 她也是13岁。 【易混辨析】重点：also, too与either“也” also 用于 句中，为正式用语，置于情态动词、助动词、be动词之后，实义动词之前 too 用于 句末，常用于非正式的口语中，其前常可加逗号，也可不加逗号 either 用于 句末，其前不用逗号与句子其他部分隔开 Eg. She also wants to go swimming. 她也想去游泳。 I can dance, too. 我也会跳舞。 Jim can’t swim, and I can’t either. 吉姆不会游泳，我也不会。 【即学即用】 （ ）1.My friend Frank sings well, and he is ________ good at playing the guitar. A. either B. also C.as well D. too （ ）2.I don’t like Chinese food and Jim doesn’t like it, ________. A. too B. also C. either D. as well （ ）3.You’re writing a letter to your father. I’m writing a letter to my father, ________. A.too B.also C.either D.as well 8. Now she lives in Chengdu with her parents. 现在她和父母一起住在成都。 【用法详解】“live in+地点名词+with sb.”表示和某人一起住在……，其中with意为“和……一起”。重要提示：如果表示地点的词为here、there等副词，前面不加in。 ►My sister goes to Shanghai and she lives there with my aunt. 我姐姐去上海了，她和我姑妈住在那里。 Eg.Wang Lin lives in Shenzhen with her family. 王琳和她的家人一起住在深圳。 【即学即用】 （ ）1.—Excuse me, do you like ________? —Yes, I do. It’s a beautiful city. A.living here B.living in here C.to live in here D.to live at here （ ）2.—Where does he live? —He ________ London. A.live in B.lives in C.live D.lives at （ ）3.Mr. ________ Mr. White often go shopping ________ their daughter. A.and; and B.with; with C.and; with D.with; and 9. She likes Chinese food a lot. 她非常喜欢中餐。 【易混辨析】重点：a lot与a lot of a lot 作副词，意为“非常；很”。可修饰动词，位于动词之后。 作代词，意为“大量；许多”，常作主语或宾语。 a lot of 意为“许多”，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，相当于lots of。 Mary likes reading . She has books at home and she reads . 玛丽非常喜欢阅读。她家里有许多书，她读书很多。 选词填空 【即学即用】 （ ）1.—Do you eat ________ fruit and vegetables every day? —Yes, I like them ________. A.a lot; a lot of B.a lot of; a lot C.a lot of; a lot of D.a lot; a lot （ ）2.There are ________ flowers in my grandma’s garden. A.a lots of B.a lot of C.a lot D. lot of（一）前元音/i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ/ 这四个音是前元音，发音特点： （1）舌尖抵住下齿；（2）舌前部抬起；（3）双唇成扁平型；（4）/i:/是长音，其他三个是短音。 /i:/ 发/i:/时，舌前部抬得最高，牙床开得最小，上下齿之间大约可容纳一个小指尖。 /ɪ/ 发/ɪ/时，舌前部比发/i:/音时略低，牙床开得比/i:/略宽，上下齿之间大约可容纳一个食指尖。 /e/ 发/e/音时，舌前部稍抬起，牙床半合，上下齿之间可容纳一个食指。 /æ/ 发/æ/音时，舌前部抬得最低，上下齿之间距离约为食指和中指的宽度，牙床几乎全开，两个嘴角向后拉。 发前元音的常见字母和字母组合： /i:/ e me he we even Chinese ea teacher speak each please ee meet beef green greet see 语音知识 /ɪ/ i which favourite twin big y family hobby tidy baby country e eraser English exciting a orange village /e/ e pencil red desk pet leg ea head breakfast a many any /æ/ a animal at and have am thank that cap dad apple Tip: （1）字母i在闭音节中读音为/ɪ/，如big/bɪg/，twin/twɪn/，which/wɪtʃ/。 （2）/i/是/ɪ/的异读，主要用于非重读音节中，多见于词尾，如hobby/´hɒbi/，tidy/´taɪdi/，family/´fæməli/。 （二）缩略形式的发音 英语中常用一些缩略形式，读时发音变得更短。现阶段常见的有：（补全以下缩略形式） be动词类 not类 will类 I am ________/aɪm/ we are we’re/wɪə(r)/ you are ________/jʊə(r)/ they are ________/ðeə(r)/ he is he’s/hi:z/ she is ________/ʃi:z/ it is ________/ɪts/ what is ________/wɒts/ who is ________/hu:z/ where is ________/weəz/ are not aren’t/ɑːnt/ is not ________/´izənt/ do not ________/dəʊnt/ does not ________/´dʌzənt/ cannot ________/kɑːnt/ must not mustn’t/´mʌsnt/ will not won’t/´wəʊnt/ have not haven’t/´hævənt/ has not hasn’t/´hæznt/ I will I’ll/aɪl/ we will we’ll/wi:l/ you will you’ll/ju:l/ they will they’ll/ðeɪl/ he will he’ll/hi:l/ she will she’ll/ʃi:l/ it will it’ll/´ɪtl/ Section B What do we need to know about a new friend? 10. She even speaks some Chinese! 她甚至会说一些中文！ 【用法详解】知识点1： speak的用法： 及物动词 会讲（某种语言） 其后常接表示语言的名词作宾语 Can you speak English? 不及物动词 说话 通常指说话的能力或方式 The baby can’t speak. 发言，演讲；谈话 speak to sb. 和某人谈话 I want to speak to your father. 【拓展延伸】“May/Can I speak to ..., please?”是常见的电话用语，表示“请让……接电话好吗？”。 Eg.—Hello! Can I speak to Mary, please? 你好！请让玛丽接电话好吗？ —This is Mary. 我就是玛丽。 【易混辨析】重点：“四说”（tell, speak, say与talk） 单词 含义 用法 图解助记 tell 告诉；讲述 ①tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 ②tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事 ③ 讲笑话 speak 说（某种语言）；说话 ①speak +语言 “说某种语言” ②speak to sb. 跟某人说话 say 说（内容） say +说话内容 talk 说话；交谈 ①talk to/with sb.和某人交谈 ②talk about sth.谈论某事 知识点2： some通常用于 句，否定句和疑问句中用 ，用法如下： （1）some作形容词，意为“一些；某些”，用来修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。 Eg.I have some English books. 我有几本英语书。→变否定句：I don’t have ________ English books. There is some water in the cup. 杯子里有一些水。→变否定句：There ________ ________ water in the cup. （2）some作代词，意为“有些；有的”，用来指代可数名词复数或不可数名词。 Eg.I have a few pencils. Some are black and some are red. 我有一些铅笔。有的是黑色的，有的是红色的。（指代pencils的一部分） Here is a bottle of juice. Would you like some? 这儿有一瓶果汁，你想喝点儿吗？（指代juice的一部分） 【即学即用】 （ ）1.—Can you ________ Chinese? —No. But I can ________ stories. A. speak; tell B. speak; talk C. say; tell D. talk; say （ ）2.—Do you want to go swimming in the river, John? —Swim? Sorry, our teachers always tell us ________ in the river alone. A.don’t swim B.to not swim C.not swimming D.not to swim （ ）3.Don’t talk ________ your father. He is doing some important work. A. about B. for C. from D. to （ ）4.—May I ________ to Mr.Zhang, please? —Sorry, he isn’t in. A.speak B.talk C.say D.tell （ ）5.—Mum, can I have ________ milk? —Sorry, there isn’t ________ at home. Let’s go and buy some. A.some; any B.any; some C.any; any D.some; some （ ）6. I don’t want ________ coffee. Please just give me ________ water. A.some; any B.some; some C.any; any D.any; some 11. Do you want to be my friend? 你想成为我的朋友吗？ 【用法详解】want作动词，意为“想；想要”，相当于would like。其常用结构如下： want 想要做某事 想要某人做某事 want sth.想要某物 重点： Eg. I want to watch TV. 我想要看电视。 I want a new bike. 我想要一辆新自行车。 Mary wants her father to go to the park with her. 玛丽想让她爸爸和她一起去公园。 【即学即用】 （ ）1.My sister wants ________ TV, but she must finish her homework first. A.watch B.to watch C.watching D.watches （ ）2.Where is your brother? I want ________ him a book. A.give B.giving C.to give D.gives 3.Mary wants ___________ (be) a teacher in the future. 12. ①I like music and I play the guitar in the school band. 我喜欢音乐，我在学校乐队弹吉他。 ②I play basketball every weekend with my brother and my friends. 每个周末我都和我弟弟以及朋友们一起打篮球。 【用法详解】固定短语： 弹吉他 打篮球 重点：play的用法 （1）play和球类运动/棋类名词连用时，中间 （加/不加）冠词。 踢足球 play volleyball 打排球 打棒球 打网球 play Chinese chess 下中国象棋 （2） play和乐器类名词连用时，中间 （加/不加）定冠词the。 play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 play the drums 打鼓 play the erhu 拉二胡 【即学即用】 （ ）1.—Can you play ________ piano? —No, I can’t. But I can play ________ chess. A.the; the B.the; / C./; / D./; the （ ）2.I don’t want to play ________ guitar. Let’s go and play ________ ping-pong. A.a; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; / 3.放学后一些学生打篮球，一些学生弹吉他。（完成句子） Some students ___________ ___________ and some___________ ___________ ___________ after school. 13. Would you like to be my friend? 你愿意做我的朋友吗？ 【用法详解】would like与want意义相近，但比want语气更委婉、更正式。would like可与任何人称连用，没有人称和数的变化；与人称代词连用时，would可缩写为“’d”。 would like 想要做某事 想要某人（不）做某事 would like sth.想要某物 Eg.I’d like a glass of orange juice. 我想来杯橙汁。 Tom would like to cook a meal for his mother on her birthday. 汤姆想在他母亲的生日时为她做一顿饭。 I’d like you to be more careful when you drive. 我希望你开车时能更加小心。 【即学即用】 1.Would you like ___________ (play) football with me? （ ）2.Would you like ________ for a walk after supper? A.go B.going C.to go D.goes 14. Information 信息 【用法详解】information为 （可数/不可数）名词，作主语时谓语动词要用 （单数/复数）形式。 Eg.You can get some information in this book. 你可以在这本书里找到一些信息。 The information is very important. 该信息非常重要。 课堂小测 一、在所给的四个音标中，选出划线部分读音正确的选项 （ ）1.lesson A./a:/ B./e/ C./ɪ/ D./i:/ （ ）2.grandpa A./æ/ B./eɪ/ C./a:/ D./ʌ/ （ ）3.finish A./ɪ/ B/i:/ C./ə/ D./ʊ/ （ ）4.favourite A./aʊ/ B./eə/ C./ʌ/ D./eɪ/ （ ）5.July A./ʌ/ B. /ə/ C./ʊ/ D./ɒ/ 二、找出划线部分读音不同的单词 （ ）1. A. bee B. big C. beat D. beef （ ）2. A. bed B. bet C. red D. bag （ ）3. A. deep B. bee C. deaf D. deal （ ）4. A. net B. hen C. hat D. met （ ）5. A. me B. men C. met D. mess （ ）6. A. keep B. kid C. tea D. keen （ ）7. A. seat B. set C. red D. sell （ ）8. A. feet B. feel C. fat D. meet （ ）9. A. tree B. trick C. bee D. tea （ ）10. A. sit B. pick C. pack D. big 三、根据单词划线部分的读音，将单词归类 next hate habit big get pay eat week this bread feed gift map she key dinner pencil met game fan 1. /eɪ/_______________________________________________________ 2. /e/_______________________________________________________ 3. /ɪ/_______________________________________________________ 4. /i:/_______________________________________________________ 5. /æ/______________________________________________________ 四、单项选择 （ ）1.—Do you know Grace well? —Yes. She is _______ 8-year-old girl and she can play _______ guitar. A. /; a B. an; / C. an; the D. a; the （ ）2.Her name's Lucy Cooper. Lucy is her _______ name. Cooper is her _______ name. A. last; first B. family; first C. last; family D. first; last （ ）3.—What would you like, ice-cream or orange juice? —_______. One for my brother and the other for myself. A.None B.All C.Both D.Either （ ）4.—Rose, what _______ can you do? —I can _______ draw pictures. A.other; to B. else; also C. else; too D. other; also （ ）5.—Where does she _______? —She _______ in Shanghai _______ her parents. A.live; lives; with B.live; live; for C.lives; live; in D.lives; lives; with （ ）6.Playing cards can make us _______ happy and give us _______ fun. A. feel; a lot B. to feel; lots of C. feel; a lot of D. to feel; a lot （ ）7.—Where _______ Amy _______? —She is from Jiangsu. A.is; come from B.is; comes from C.is; from D.does; from （ ）8.—_______ is your friend in? —He is in Grade 4. A.What time B.How old C.How many D.What grade （ ）9.His mother can _______ English and she can _______ things in English well. A.say; speak B.tell; speak C.speak; speak D.speak; say （ ）10.—What class are you in, Jane? —I am in _______. A.class Five, grade Seven B.Class Four, Grade Seven C.Grade Seven, Class Five D.class Four, grade Seven （ ）11.—How can I get some ________ about Marco Polo? —Why not search（搜索）the Internet? It's much easier and faster. A.idea B.mistake C.message D.information （ ）12.I want to have ________ ice—cream and ________ chocolate. A.some; an B.some; a C.some; some D.any; any （ ）13.Jack likes playing sports, and he likes watching them ________ TV ________ his brother. A.on; with B.at; and C.for; of D.to; with （ ）14.—________ is your English teacher? —I think she's about forty. But she looks young. A.How old B.How C.Who D.What class （ ）15.—Hi, Mike. Nice to meet you. ________? —Everything is OK. Thanks. A.How is it going? B. Where are you from? C. What are you doing? D. Where are you going? 五、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Jim would like　 　 (have) some beef and carrot noodles. 2.She has many 　 　 (hobby), such as reading books, playing sports, etc. 3.He and his sister both want 　 　 (watch) the latest film. 4.Both of the twin brothers 　 　 (be) doctors now. 5.Doing sports is a good way to make 　 　 (friend). 六、完形填空 Hello, my name is Mike Brown.I have a friend. Her 1 is Linda Green. Her 2 name is Linda. Her last name is Green.Here is a photo 3 her family. Look! These 4 her parents. 5 father's name's Bob. He is 38.He is a teacher in No.2 Middle School.Her mother's name is Kate. Her mother is a teacher, 6 . But she is in No.1 Middle School. 7 is that boy next to(紧挨着) her father?He is Linda's brother, Dale. He is a student in 8 middle school.And the girl next to Dale is Linda's sister,Mary. Is 9 girl Linda?Yes, she is next to her mother.A dog is in the photo, too. The dog's name is Coco. What colour is it? It's white 10 black. （ ）1. A. name B. names C. names’ D. name's （ ）2. A. first B. last C. middle D. one （ ）3. A. in B. of C. at D. to （ ）4. A. am B. is C. are D. be （ ）5. A. His B. She C. Her D. She's （ ）6. A. to B. either C. too D. also （ ）7. A. Who's B. Who C. What D. What's （ ）8. A. a B. an C./ D. the （ ）9. A. that B. them C. these D. those （ ）10. A. so B. or C. but D. and 七、阅读理解 Hello! I'm Alice Green. I'm from London. This is my mother. Her first name is Mary. This is my father. His name is Steven. My telephone number is seven six zero nine one seven six. My friend is Li Lei. His English name is Tony. He is a Chinese boy. His telephone number is281-5248. My English teacher is Jenny Brown. She has a son. She is a good teacher. （ ）1. What's the writer's first name? A. Green. B. Alice. C. Alice Green. D. Green Alice. （ ）2. What's Alice's father's last name? A. Brown. B. Steven. C. Green. D. Tom. （ ）3. What is Alice from? A. England. B. America. C. China. D. Singapore. （ ）4. What's Li Lei's English name? A. Mary. B. Jim. C. Lei. D. Tony. （ ）5. Who is Jim's English teacher? A. Mr. Brown B. Mr. Jenny C. Mrs. Jenny D. Mrs. Brown 语法精讲 （一）含系动词be的一般现在时 1.—Are you peter? 你是彼得吗？ —Yes, I am./No, I’m not. 是的，我是。/不，我不是。 2.—Are Meimei and Peter in the same class? 梅梅和彼得在同一个班吗？ —Yes, they are./No, they aren’t. 是的，他们在。/不，它们不在。 3.—Where is Mr Smith from? 史密斯先生来自哪里？ —He’s from the US. 他来自美国。 语法示例 语法概述 系动词be在一般现在时态中有三种形式：________、________和________。 考向1：am的用法 如果主语是第一人称单数 （我），系动词be用 。I和am可缩写为 （在一般疑问句的简略肯定回答中，I am不能缩写）。 ►—Are you in Class 5? 你在五班吗？ —Yes, I am. 是的，我在。 考向2：are的用法 如果主语是 （你，你们）、 （我们）、 （他们，她们，它们）、________（单数/复数）名词或表示复数意义的单词及短语，系动词be用 。 ►What class are you in? 你在哪个班？Tip: we are = ________ they are = ________ you are = ________ ►We are in the same class. 我们在同一个班。 ►They are from the US. 他们来自美国。 ►Emma and Ella are twins. 埃玛和埃拉是双胞胎。考向3：is的用法 如果主语是________（单数/复数）名词、________（可数/不可数）名词或第三人称单数代词（ 、 、 ），系动词be用 。 Eg.Emma’s last name is Miller. 埃玛的姓氏是米勒。Tip: he is = ________ she is = ________ it is = ________ My favourite food is Beijing roast duck. 我最喜爱的食物是北京烤鸭。 She is my class teacher. 她是我的班主任。 【巧学妙记】 系动词be，三朵花，am、is还有are；我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它；单数名词用is，复数名词常用are。 考向4：系动词be在一般现在时中的相关句型 肯定句 主语+be+其他. She’s Amy. 她是埃米。 否定句 主语+be+______+其他. She isn’t Amy. 她不是埃米。 一般疑问句及答语 ______+主语+其他? 肯定回答：______, 主语+______. 否定回答：______, 主语+______+______. （通常is、are和not要缩写，但am和not不能缩写） —Is she Amy? 她是埃米吗？ —Yes, she is. 是的，她是。 —Are you a doctor? 你是一名医生吗？ —No, I’m not. 不，我不是。 特殊疑问句 ①疑问词（作主语）+be+其他? ②疑问词（不作主语）+be+主语（+其他）? Who is she? 她是谁？ What’s her name? 她叫什么名字？ 【特别提醒】含be动词的肯定句变一般疑问句，可以采用“一提、二变、三问号”的方法。 1. 一提：将be动词提到句首，且首字母大写。 2. 二变：把原主语的首字母变成小写；如果原主语为第一人称，则应把第一人称变为第二人称，be动词也要作出相应的变化；如果有形容词性物主代词my，也应改为your。 3. 三问号：将句末的句点改为问号。 Eg.He is a student.（改为一般疑问句）→________ ________ a student? I am Li Lei?（改为一般疑问句）→________ ________ Li Lei?（第一人称变为第二人称） These are my books.（改为一般疑问句）→________ ________ ________ books?（my变为your） 【即学即用】一、阅读下面短文，用am、is、are填空 Hey there! I 1.______ Ellen Smith. Smith 2.______ my last name. I 3.______ from the US. I live in Beijing with my big family. I have a good friend. Her name 4.______ Meimei. We 5.______ both 12 years old. We 6.______ in the same class. Our class teacher 7.______ Mr Zhang. I like Chinese food very much. My favourite food 8.______ beef noodles. 二、句型转换 1.This is my mother’s ring. (改为一般疑问句） ________ _________ ________ mother’s ring? 2.Are these her cups?（作肯定回答） Yes, ________ _________, 3.Is he your brother Max?（作否定回答） ________, he ________. He is my cousin. 4.My phone number is 212-4672. (改为否定句) My phone number ________ 212-4672. 5.I'm Jenny. (改为一般疑问句) ________ ________ Jenny? （二）人称代词主格和形容词性物主代词 1.I’m in Class 1, Grade 7. 我在七年级一班。 2.It’s a parrot. 它是一只鹦鹉。 3.Peter, this is our English teacher, Mr Smith. 彼得，这是我们的英语老 师，史密斯先生。 4.Her name is Sally Wood. 她叫萨莉·伍德。 语法示例 语法概述 人称代词有主格和宾格之分，物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 考向1：人称代词主格 人称代词主格在句中作 语，有人称和单复数之分，完成下表： 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 （我） （我们） （你） （你们） （他） （她） （它） （他/她/它们） ►I’m sorry! 我很抱歉！ ►How old are you? 你多大了？ ►It is a bird. 它是一只鸟。 ►He is my teacher. 他是我的老师。 ►She is our new classmate. 她是我们的新同学。 【特别提醒】 人称代词的排序 （1）单数人称代词并列作主语时：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称。 ►You, she and I are in the same grade. 你、我和她在同一个年级。 （2）复数人称代词并列作主语时：第一人称→第二人称→第三人称。 ►We, you and they are new students. 我们、你们和他们都是新生。 （3）当承认错误或承担责任时，常将第一人称放在前面。 ►I and my brother make our parents angry. 我和弟弟惹我们的父母生气了。 （4）当并列使用第三人称“男”（he）和“女”（she）时，男在前。 ►He and she are my good friends. 他和她是我的好朋友。 考向2：形容词性物主代词 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。本单元我们学习形容词性物主代词。（完成下表） 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 （我的） （我们的） （你的） （你们的） （他的） （她的） （它的） （他们/她们/它们的） 1.形容词性物主代词具有形容词性质，在句中只能作定语，后接______词，表示所属关系。 ►This is our English teacher. 这是我们的英语老师。 ►Is that your pet bird? 那是你的宠物鸟吗？ 2.形容词性物主代词与其他形容词一起修饰名词时，形容词性物主代词要放在其他形容词的前面。 ►This is my new classmate. 这是我的新同学。 ►We are his Chinese friends. 我们是他的中国朋友。 3.形容词性物主代词与其所指代的词在人称和数上应保持一致。 ►This is my brother. His name is Tony. 这是我弟弟。他叫托尼。 ►There are my friends. They are in Class 2. 这些是我的朋友。他们在二班。 【即学即用】 一、根据所给提示填写适当的代词 1.These are our books and ________（他们的）books are on the desk. 2.The little cat is lovely. What’s ________（它的）name? 3.Mum, I can’t find ________（我的）shoes. Where are they? 4.Is that ________（你的）dress? It’s nice. 5.I want to give my mother a gift on ________（她的）birthday. 6.Peter can’t find ________（他的）ping-pong bat. He’s sad. 7.We must clean ________（我们的）classroom every day. 8.Are you happy to see ________（你们的）old friends? 9.The girl got a new bike from ________（she）father and ________（she）loves ________（it）colour very much. 10.Bob and Bill are twins. ________（they）favourite book is Journey to the West. 语法小测 一、单项选择 （ ）1.You ________ a teacher. I ________ a student. My sister ________ a student, too. A. am, is, are B. is, am, are C. are, is, am D. are, am, is （ ）2.—________ Harry and Lucy from London? —Yes, they are. A. Are B. Is C. Do D. Does （ ）3.There ________ some keys, and the keys ________ yellow. A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are （ ）4.—Is the cat ________ friend?    —Yes, ________. A.your; it isn’t B.he; it is C.your; it is D.her; it isn’t （ ）5.—Is the girl your friend, Lily? —　　　　. She is Lucy’s friend. A.Yes, she is B.Yes, she isn’t C.No, she isn’t D.No, she is （ ）6.Let 　　　　 tell me about 　　　　 school days. A. he, his B. her, he C. him, him D. her, her （ ）7.Those students ________ from my class. They are my friends. A. am B. is C. are D./ （ ）8.Look at the table. Some tomatoes ________ on it, and some bread ________ on it, too. A.is; is B.is;are C.are; are D.are; is （ ）9.My father is a manager（经理）.________ works in a hotel. A.She B.He C.It D.They （ ）10.—Are Mrs Black and Mrs Brown teachers? —Yes, ________ are. A.he B.she C.we D.they （ ）11.________ dog is over there. ________ is very friendly. A.My; Its B.My; It C.I; It D.Me; Its （ ）12.My sister is only six, but ________ can already（已经）help with some housework. A.he B.she C.it D.they （ ）13.—Good morning! My name________ Tom. —Good morning! I ________ Tim. A.is; is B.am; am C.is; am D.am; is （ ）14.—Are those ________ keys, Jack? —No, they aren’t. They’re Uncle ________. A.yours; Sam’s B.your; Sam C.your; Sam’s D.yours; Sam （ ）15.—Is he Frank? —_________. His name's Mike. A.Yes, he is B.No, he isn't C.Yes, she is D.No, she isn't 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.On Teachers' Day, students usually make cards to thank _________ (they) teachers. 2.Jenny and I _________ (be) good classmates. 3.This is my good friend. _________ (he) name is Alan. 4.He _________ (be not) Jack. His name's Mike. 5.I like _________ (Betty) watch, but I don’t like _________ (she) wallet. 三、用be动词的适当形式填空. 1. What _________ your name? 2._________ you Tom? 3. John Brown and his son _________ from America. 4._________ your mother's name Lucy? 5. My phone number _________ 283-6579. 6. They _________ students in this school. 7.—_________ these pencils Jim's? —Yes,they are. 8. Gina and I _________ from England. 9. Sandy Miller _________ her English name. 10._________ eight your lucky(幸运的) number? 四、语法填空 Jane 1.　 　(be) from Canada. She is 12 2.　 　(year) old. Now 3.　 　(she) is in Beijing International School. She is in Class Four, 4. 　(grade) Seven. 5.　 　(she) telephone number is 9627-6956. Huang Hua is from 6.　 　(中国). 7.　 　(He) English name is Tom. He is twelve, too. He is 8.　 　(在) Class Three, Grade Seven. His telephone number is 9256-5233. Huang Hua and Jane are not in the 9.　 　(相同的) class, but they are good 10.　 　(friend). 5、 书面表达 假如你是李华，即将和外国交换生一起参加英语节活动。请根据下面表格中的提示准备一篇英语发言稿，做自我介绍并适当拓展。 Name Li Hua From China Age 13 School Class 4, Grade 7, Yiwu Star Middle School Favourite sports Swimming, basketball Friend ... 要求：（1）文中不得出现真实的人名或校名； （2）书写工整，语句通顺，结构完整，大小写正确； （3）词数：60词左右。（开头已给出，不计入总词数） Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$Unit 1 You and Me 七年级上册英语Unit 1知识点与语法精讲精练 词汇梳理 （一）完成单词梳理： 名词：1. grade 年级；等级 2. classmate 同班同学 3. mistake 错误；失误 4. country 国家 5. band 乐队 6. pot 锅 7. tofu 豆腐 8. parrot 鹦鹉 9. guitar 吉他 10. tennis 网球 11. information 信息；消息 12. hobby 业余爱好 动词：1. would 想（用于礼貌地邀请或向某人提供某物）；将会 副词：1. even 甚至；连；愈加 形容词：1. full 完整的；满的 2. same 相同的 感叹词：1. hey 嘿；喂 兼类词：1. each （adj/pron）每个；各自 2. other （pron）另外的人（或物）（adj）另外的；其他的 3. twin （n）双胞胎之一（adj）双胞胎之一的 4. both （adj/pron）两个；两个都 5. post （n）帖子；邮政（v）邮寄；发布 （二）词汇变形小结： 1. one 一(num.) →   first (序数词) 2. country 国家(n.) →   countries (复数) 3. hobby 业余爱好(n.) →   hobbies (复数) 4. friend 朋友(n.) →   friends (复数) →   friendly (adj.)友好的 （三）短语攻关： make friends 交朋友 get to know 认识；了解 each other 互相；彼此 full name 全名 last name 姓氏 first name 名字 in the same class 在同一个班 class teacher 班主任 play basketball 打篮球 new classmate 新同班同学 pay attention to 注意 a lot 很；非常 play the guitar 弹吉他 a pet bird 一只宠物鸟 hot pot 火锅 Beijing roast duck 北京烤鸭 play ... with ... 和……玩…… would like to do sth. 愿意/喜欢做某事 知识点梳理 Section A How do we get to know each other? 1. Where are you from? 你来自哪里？ 【用法详解】be from意为“来自……；是……的人”。同义词组是 come from 。 Eg.The boy is from(=come from) Yunnan, and his name is Li Hua. 那个男孩来自云南，他叫李华。 【特别提醒】“from+地点”可作后置定语，放在被修饰词之后，此时from前不加动词。 ►The young man from New York is our English teacher. 那个来自纽约的年轻人是我们的英语老师。 【拓展延伸】from作介词，还可意为“（表示时间）从……开始”或“（表示两地的距离）离”，此时常构成固定短语： from ... to ... “从……到……”。 Eg.We’re open from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. every day. 我们每天从早8点到晚7点营业。 We’re not far from my home now. 我们现在离我家不远了。 【即学即用】 （ B ）1.Tom goes to school from Monday ________ Friday. A. at B. to C. for D. on （ D ）2.—Where ________ you from? —Lucy ________ from the USA, I ________ from China. A.are; come; am B.are; come; is C.are; comes; is D.are;comes; am 2. ①Peter’s full name is Peter Brown. 彼得的全名是彼得·布朗。 ②Ella’s last name is Miller. 埃拉的姓是米勒。 ③Hui is her first name. 慧是她的名字。 【用法详解】知识点1： full name 全名 last name 姓氏 first name 名字 first name相当于given name，last name相当于family name。 Eg.Her full name is Kate Smith. Kate is her first/given name, and Smith is her last/family name. 她的全名叫凯特·史密斯。凯特是她的名字，史密斯是她的姓。 文化拓展 中英文姓名表达法 中文姓名的英语写法一般用汉语拼音表示。姓和名分开写， 姓 在前， 名 在后。姓和名的第一个字母都要 大写 。如果是复姓，两个字要写在一起。如：Li Bai李白，Bai Juyi 白居易，Zhuge Liang 诸葛亮。 英文姓名的写法与中文名字不同： 名 在前， 姓 在后。如：Peter Brown彼得·布朗。说英语国家的人还会有中间名（middle name），放在名字和姓之间。如：Mary Sophia Miller 玛丽·索菲亚·米勒。 中文： Song Meimei 英文： Charlotte Elizabeth Smith last/family name first/given name first/given name middle name last/family name 知识点2： last的用法 形容词 最后的；末尾的 I am always the last one to leave. 我总是最后一个离开的人。 上一个的 last night/Sunday/month 昨晚/上周日/上个月 动词 持续 The meeting lasts 30 minutes. 会议持续30分钟。 副词 最后 Who is speaking last?谁最后发言？ 知识点3： （1）first作形容词，意为“第一（位）的”，常作定语。 Eg.Hi, my name’s Li Lei. It’s my first day at our school. 嗨，我叫李雷。这是我在我们学校的第一天。 （2）first还可看作是 one 对应的序数词，表示顺序，通常与定冠词 the 连用。 Eg.January is the first month of the year. 一月是一年之中的第一个月。 【即学即用】 （ A ）1.His name is Nick Hand. Nick is his ________ name. A. given B. last C. full D. family （ A ）2.Kate Miller is my friend. Kate is her ________. Miller is her ________. A. first name; last name B. last name; first name C.family name; given name D. first name; first name （ A ）3.My name is Helen Brown. Helen is my ________ name. A. first B. middle C. last D. family 4.My name is Mary Smith. My __first____ (one) name is Mary. 3. Meimei is in Class 1, Grade 7. 梅梅在七年级一班。 【用法详解】grade作名词，在此处意为“年级；等级”。泛指年级时，grade的首字母小写；grade后有具体数字，表示几年级时，首字母通常大写。 Eg.—What grade are you in, Lily? 莉莉，你在哪个年级？ —I’m in Grade 7.我在七年级。 【拓展延伸】grade作名词，还可意为“成绩等级；评分等级”。 Eg.Boys and girls, good luck and wish you to get good grades in a new year. 同学们，祝你们好运，也祝你们在新的一年里取得好成绩。 4. Ella is 12 years old. 埃拉今年12岁。 【用法详解】... years old意为“……岁”，常用来表示某人的岁数。 Eg.My father is 40 years old. 我爸爸今年四十岁。 【易混辨析】重点：“基数词-year-old”与“基数词+ years old” 基数词-year-old 意为“几岁的”，是复合形容词，作定语。注意要用连字符“-”连接各个单词，且中间的year要用 单数 （单数/复数）形式 She is a 12-years-old girl. 基数词+ years old 意为“几岁”，多用作表语 I am 14 years old. 【即学即用】 （ D ）1.Jane is ________ girl and she is in Grade 1. A. a 8-years-old B. an 8-years-old C. a 8-year-old D. an 8-year-old 2.Tom is 26 ___years___ (year) old. 5. —What class are you in, Peter? 彼得，你在哪个班？ —I’m in Class 1. 我在一班。 【用法详解】“What class + be + 主语+ in?”该句型用于询问某人在哪个班。其答语是“主语+ be + in + Class +基数词”。此时class和其后的基数词首字母要大写（基数词还可以用阿拉伯数字表示）。 Eg.—What class is Tom in? 汤姆在几班？ —He is in Class Seven/7. 他在七班。 【拓展延伸】疑问词what还可与grade、group、row等连用，用来询问年级、组、排等。 【即学即用】 1.Frank is in Class 8.(对画线部分提问) __What___ __class___ is Frank in? 6. Tom and I are both in the school band. 我和汤姆都是学校乐队的成员。 【用法详解】（1）both作形容词时，意为“两个”，位于被修饰的名词前，名词要用 复数 （单数/复数）形式。all 表示三者及三者以上都 Eg.Look at the trees on both sides of the street. 看街道两边的树。 （2）both作代词时，意为“两个都”，可单独使用，位于实义动词前，be动词/情态动词/助动词之后。也可用于both of...结构。常考搭配： both ... and ... ……和……都。当它连接并列主语时，谓语动词要用 复数 （单数/复数）形式。 Eg.The two books are both about history. 这两本书都与历史相关。 Both of us like reading famous stories. 我们俩都喜欢阅读著名故事。（both of ...作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式） Both my father and my mother are teachers. 我的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。 【即学即用】 （ C ）1.Her father and mother ________ drinking black tea. A.are both like B.are all like C.both like D.all like （ B ）2.There’ ll be a ________ meeting next week, and my parents will ________ come for it. A.parent’; all B.parents’; both C.parent’s; all D.parents’; all （ B ）3.Mr. Black lives happily with his three dogs. ________ of them are part(部分) of his family. A.Both B.All C.One D.None 7. ①Peter is 12 years old too. 彼得也是12岁。 ②She is also 13 years old. 她也是13岁。 【易混辨析】重点：also, too与either“也” also 用于 肯定 句中，为正式用语，置于情态动词、助动词、be动词之后，实义动词之前 too 用于 肯定 句末，常用于非正式的口语中，其前常可加逗号，也可不加逗号 either 用于 否定 句末，其前不用逗号与句子其他部分隔开 Eg. She also wants to go swimming. 她也想去游泳。 I can dance, too. 我也会跳舞。 Jim can’t swim, and I can’t either. 吉姆不会游泳，我也不会。 【即学即用】 （ B ）1.My friend Frank sings well, and he is ________ good at playing the guitar. A. either B. also C.as well D. too （ C ）2.I don’t like Chinese food and Jim doesn’t like it, ________. A. too B. also C. either D. as well （ A ）3.You’re writing a letter to your father. I’m writing a letter to my father, ________. A.too B.also C.either D.as well 8. Now she lives in Chengdu with her parents. 现在她和父母一起住在成都。 【用法详解】“live in+地点名词+with sb.”表示和某人一起住在……，其中with意为“和……一起”。重要提示：如果表示地点的词为here、there等副词，前面不加in。 ►My sister goes to Shanghai and she lives there with my aunt. 我姐姐去上海了，她和我姑妈住在那里。 Eg.Wang Lin lives in Shenzhen with her family. 王琳和她的家人一起住在深圳。 【即学即用】 （ A ）1.—Excuse me, do you like ________? —Yes, I do. It’s a beautiful city. A.living here B.living in here C.to live in here D.to live at here （ B ）2.—Where does he live? —He ________ London. A.live in B.lives in C.live D.lives at （ C ）3.Mr. ________ Mr. White often go shopping ________ their daughter. A.and; and B.with; with C.and; with D.with; and 9. She likes Chinese food a lot. 她非常喜欢中餐。 【易混辨析】重点：a lot与a lot of a lot 作副词，意为“非常；很”。可修饰动词，位于动词之后。 作代词，意为“大量；许多”，常作主语或宾语。 a lot of 意为“许多”，修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，相当于lots of。 Mary likes reading a lot . She has a lot of books at home and she reads a lot . 玛丽非常喜欢阅读。她家里有许多书，她读书很多。 选词填空 【即学即用】 （ B ）1.—Do you eat ________ fruit and vegetables every day? —Yes, I like them ________. A.a lot; a lot of B.a lot of; a lot C.a lot of; a lot of D.a lot; a lot （ B ）2.There are ________ flowers in my grandma’s garden. A.a lots of B.a lot of C.a lot D. lot of（一）前元音/i:/ /ɪ/ /e/ /æ/ 这四个音是前元音，发音特点： （1）舌尖抵住下齿；（2）舌前部抬起；（3）双唇成扁平型；（4）/i:/是长音，其他三个是短音。 /i:/ 发/i:/时，舌前部抬得最高，牙床开得最小，上下齿之间大约可容纳一个小指尖。 /ɪ/ 发/ɪ/时，舌前部比发/i:/音时略低，牙床开得比/i:/略宽，上下齿之间大约可容纳一个食指尖。 /e/ 发/e/音时，舌前部稍抬起，牙床半合，上下齿之间可容纳一个食指。 /æ/ 发/æ/音时，舌前部抬得最低，上下齿之间距离约为食指和中指的宽度，牙床几乎全开，两个嘴角向后拉。 发前元音的常见字母和字母组合： /i:/ e me he we even Chinese ea teacher speak each please ee meet beef green greet see 语音知识 /ɪ/ i which favourite twin big y family hobby tidy baby country e eraser English exciting a orange village /e/ e pencil red desk pet leg ea head breakfast a many any /æ/ a animal at and have am thank that cap dad apple （二）缩略形式的发音 英语中常用一些缩略形式，读时发音变得更短。现阶段常见的有：（补全以下缩略形式） be动词类 not类 will类 I am __I’m____/aɪm/ we are we’re/wɪə(r)/ you are _you’re__/jʊə(r)/ they are _they’re_/ðeə(r)/ he is he’s/hi:z/ she is __she’s___/ʃi:z/ it is ___it’s___/ɪts/ what is _what’s_/wɒts/ who is _who’s__/hu:z/ where is _where’s_ /weəz/ are not aren’t/ɑːnt/ is not __isn’t___/´izənt/ do not __don’t___/dəʊnt/ does not _doesn’t_/´dʌzənt/ cannot __can’t___/kɑːnt/ must not mustn’t/´mʌsnt/ will not won’t/´wəʊnt/ have not haven’t/´hævənt/ has not hasn’t/´hæznt/ I will I’ll/aɪl/ we will we’ll/wi:l/ you will you’ll/ju:l/ they will they’ll/ðeɪl/ he will he’ll/hi:l/ she will she’ll/ʃi:l/ it will it’ll/´ɪtl/ Tip: （1）字母i在闭音节中读音为/ɪ/，如big/bɪg/，twin/twɪn/，which/wɪtʃ/。 （2）/i/是/ɪ/的异读，主要用于非重读音节中，多见于词尾，如hobby/´hɒbi/，tidy/´taɪdi/，family/´fæməli/。 Section B What do we need to know about a new friend? 10. She even speaks some Chinese! 她甚至会说一些中文！ 【用法详解】知识点1： speak的用法： 及物动词 会讲（某种语言） 其后常接表示语言的名词作宾语 Can you speak English? 不及物动词 说话 通常指说话的能力或方式 The baby can’t speak. 发言，演讲；谈话 speak to sb. 和某人谈话 I want to speak to your father. 【拓展延伸】“May/Can I speak to ..., please?”是常见的电话用语，表示“请让……接电话好吗？”。 Eg.—Hello! Can I speak to Mary, please? 你好！请让玛丽接电话好吗？ —This is Mary. 我就是玛丽。 【易混辨析】重点：“四说”（tell, speak, say与talk） 单词 含义 用法 图解助记 tell 告诉；讲述 ①tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 ②tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人（不要）做某事 ③ tell a joke/jokes 讲笑话 speak 说（某种语言）；说话 ①speak +语言 “说某种语言” ②speak to sb. 跟某人说话 say 说（内容） say +说话内容 talk 说话；交谈 ①talk to/with sb.和某人交谈 ②talk about sth.谈论某事 知识点2： some通常用于 肯定 句，否定句和疑问句中用 any ，用法如下： （1）some作形容词，意为“一些；某些”，用来修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。 Eg.I have some English books. 我有几本英语书。→变否定句：I don’t have ___any___ English books. There is some water in the cup. 杯子里有一些水。→变否定句：There ___isn’t___ ___any___ water in the cup. （2）some作代词，意为“有些；有的”，用来指代可数名词复数或不可数名词。 Eg.I have a few pencils. Some are black and some are red. 我有一些铅笔。有的是黑色的，有的是红色的。（指代pencils的一部分） Here is a bottle of juice. Would you like some? 这儿有一瓶果汁，你想喝点儿吗？（指代juice的一部分） 【即学即用】 （ A ）1.—Can you ________ Chinese? —No. But I can ________ stories. A. speak; tell B. speak; talk C. say; tell D. talk; say （ D ）2.—Do you want to go swimming in the river, John? —Swim? Sorry, our teachers always tell us ________ in the river alone. A.don’t swim B.to not swim C.not swimming D.not to swim （ D ）3.Don’t talk ________ your father. He is doing some important work. A. about B. for C. from D. to （ A ）4.—May I ________ to Mr.Zhang, please? —Sorry, he isn’t in. A.speak B.talk C.say D.tell （ A ）5.—Mum, can I have ________ milk? —Sorry, there isn’t ________ at home. Let’s go and buy some. A.some; any B.any; some C.any; any D.some; some （ D ）6. I don’t want ________ coffee. Please just give me ________ water. A.some; any B.some; some C.any; any D.any; some 11. Do you want to be my friend? 你想成为我的朋友吗？ 【用法详解】want作动词，意为“想；想要”，相当于would like。其常用结构如下： want want to do sth. 想要做某事 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 want sth.想要某物 重点： Eg. I want to watch TV. 我想要看电视。 I want a new bike. 我想要一辆新自行车。 Mary wants her father to go to the park with her. 玛丽想让她爸爸和她一起去公园。 【即学即用】 （ B ）1.My sister wants ________ TV, but she must finish her homework first. A.watch B.to watch C.watching D.watches （ C ）2.Where is your brother? I want ________ him a book. A.give B.giving C.to give D.gives 3.Mary wants ___to be_____ (be) a teacher in the future. 12. ①I like music and I play the guitar in the school band. 我喜欢音乐，我在学校乐队弹吉他。 ②I play basketball every weekend with my brother and my friends. 每个周末我都和我弟弟以及朋友们一起打篮球。 【用法详解】固定短语： play the guitar 弹吉他 play basketball 打篮球 重点：play的用法 （1）play和球类运动/棋类名词连用时，中间 不加 （加/不加）冠词。 play football 踢足球 play volleyball 打排球 play baseball 打棒球 play tennis 打网球 play Chinese chess 下中国象棋 （2） play和乐器类名词连用时，中间 加 （加/不加）定冠词the。 play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 play the drums 打鼓 play the erhu 拉二胡 【即学即用】 （ B ）1.—Can you play ________ piano? —No, I can’t. But I can play ________ chess. A.the; the B.the; / C./; / D./; the （ D ）2.I don’t want to play ________ guitar. Let’s go and play ________ ping-pong. A.a; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; / 3.放学后一些学生打篮球，一些学生弹吉他。（完成句子） Some students ___play______ __basketball___ and some___play____ ____the_____ ___guitar___ after school. 13. Would you like to be my friend? 你愿意做我的朋友吗？ 【用法详解】would like与want意义相近，但比want语气更委婉、更正式。would like可与任何人称连用，没有人称和数的变化；与人称代词连用时，would可缩写为“’d”。 would like would like to do sth. 想要做某事 would like sb. to do sth.想要某人（不）做某事 would like sth.想要某物 Eg.I’d like a glass of orange juice. 我想来杯橙汁。 Tom would like to cook a meal for his mother on her birthday. 汤姆想在他母亲的生日时为她做一顿饭。 I’d like you to be more careful when you drive. 我希望你开车时能更加小心。 【即学即用】 1.Would you like ___to play_____ (play) football with me? （ C ）2.Would you like ________ for a walk after supper? A.go B.going C.to go D.goes 14. Information 信息 【用法详解】information为 不可数 （可数/不可数）名词，作主语时谓语动词要用 单数 （单数/复数）形式。 Eg.You can get some information in this book. 你可以在这本书里找到一些信息。 The information is very important. 该信息非常重要。 课堂小测 一、在所给的四个音标中，选出划线部分读音正确的选项 （ B ）1.lesson A./a:/ B./e/ C./ɪ/ D./i:/ （ A ）2.grandpa A./æ/ B./eɪ/ C./a:/ D./ʌ/ （ A ）3.finish A./ɪ/ B/i:/ C./ə/ D./ʊ/ （ D ）4.favourite A./aʊ/ B./eə/ C./ʌ/ D./eɪ/ （ C ）5.July A./ʌ/ B. /ə/ C./ʊ/ D./ɒ/ 二、找出划线部分读音不同的单词 （ B ）1. A. bee B. big C. beat D. beef （ D ）2. A. bed B. bet C. red D. bag （ C ）3. A. deep B. bee C. deaf D. deal （ C ）4. A. net B. hen C. hat D. met （ A ）5. A. me B. men C. met D. mess （ B ）6. A. keep B. kid C. tea D. keen （ A ）7. A. seat B. set C. red D. sell （ C ）8. A. feet B. feel C. fat D. meet （ B ）9. A. tree B. trick C. bee D. tea （ C ）10. A. sit B. pick C. pack D. big 三、根据单词划线部分的读音，将单词归类 next hate habit big get pay eat week this bread feed gift map she key dinner pencil met game fan 1. /eɪ/___hate, pay, key, game___________________________________ 2. /e/___next, get, bread, met, pencil______________________________ 3. /ɪ/___big, this, gift, dinner____________________________________ 4. /i:/___this, week, feed, she____________________________________ 5. /æ/___fan, map, habit_______________________________________ 四、单项选择 （ C ）1.—Do you know Grace well? —Yes. She is _______ 8-year-old girl and she can play _______ guitar. A. /; a B. an; / C. an; the D. a; the （ D ）2.Her name's Lucy Cooper. Lucy is her _______ name. Cooper is her _______ name. A. last; first B. family; first C. last; family D. first; last （ C ）3.—What would you like, ice-cream or orange juice? —_______. One for my brother and the other for myself. A.None B.All C.Both D.Either （ B ）4.—Rose, what _______ can you do? —I can _______ draw pictures. A.other; to B. else; also C. else; too D. other; also （ A ）5.—Where does she _______? —She _______ in Shanghai _______ her parents. A.live; lives; with B.live; live; for C.lives; live; in D.lives; lives; with （ C ）6.Playing cards can make us _______ happy and give us _______ fun. A. feel; a lot B. to feel; lots of C. feel; a lot of D. to feel; a lot （ C ）7.—Where _______ Amy _______? —She is from Jiangsu. A.is; come from B.is; comes from C.is; from D.does; from （ D ）8.—_______ is your friend in? —He is in Grade 4. A.What time B.How old C.How many D.What grade （ D ）9.His mother can _______ English and she can _______ things in English well. A.say; speak B.tell; speak C.speak; speak D.speak; say （ B ）10.—What class are you in, Jane? —I am in _______. A.class Five, grade Seven B.Class Four, Grade Seven C.Grade Seven, Class Five D.class Four, grade Seven （ D ）11.—How can I get some ________ about Marco Polo? —Why not search（搜索）the Internet? It's much easier and faster. A.idea B.mistake C.message D.information （ C ）12.I want to have ________ ice—cream and ________ chocolate. A.some; an B.some; a C.some; some D.any; any （ A ）13.Jack likes playing sports, and he likes watching them ________ TV ________ his brother. A.on; with B.at; and C.for; of D.to; with （ A ）14.—________ is your English teacher? —I think she's about forty. But she looks young. A.How old B.How C.Who D.What class （ A ）15.—Hi, Mike. Nice to meet you. ________? —Everything is OK. Thanks. A.How is it going? B. Where are you from? C. What are you doing? D. Where are you going? 五、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.Jim would like　 to have (have) some beef and carrot noodles. 2.She has many 　 hobbies　 (hobby), such as reading books, playing sports, etc. 3.He and his sister both want 　 to watch (watch) the latest film. 4.Both of the twin brothers 　 are 　 (be) doctors now. 5.Doing sports is a good way to make 　 friends 　 (friend). 六、完形填空 Hello, my name is Mike Brown.I have a friend. Her 1 is Linda Green. Her 2 name is Linda. Her last name is Green.Here is a photo 3 her family. Look! These 4 her parents. 5 father's name's Bob. He is 38.He is a teacher in No.2 Middle School.Her mother's name is Kate. Her mother is a teacher, 6 . But she is in No.1 Middle School. 7 is that boy next to(紧挨着) her father?He is Linda's brother, Dale. He is a student in 8 middle school.And the girl next to Dale is Linda's sister,Mary. Is 9 girl Linda?Yes, she is next to her mother.A dog is in the photo, too. The dog's name is Coco. What colour is it? It's white 10 black. （ A ）1. A. name B. names C. names’ D. name's （ A ）2. A. first B. last C. middle D. one （ B ）3. A. in B. of C. at D. to （ C ）4. A. am B. is C. are D. be （ C ）5. A. His B. She C. Her D. She's （ C ）6. A. to B. either C. too D. also （ B ）7. A. Who's B. Who C. What D. What's （ A ）8. A. a B. an C./ D. the （ A ）9. A. that B. them C. these D. those （ D ）10. A. so B. or C. but D. and 七、阅读理解 Hello! I'm Alice Green. I'm from London. This is my mother. Her first name is Mary. This is my father. His name is Steven. My telephone number is seven six zero nine one seven six. My friend is Li Lei. His English name is Tony. He is a Chinese boy. His telephone number is281-5248. My English teacher is Jenny Brown. She has a son. She is a good teacher. （ B ）1. What's the writer's first name? A. Green. B. Alice. C. Alice Green. D. Green Alice. （ C ）2. What's Alice's father's last name? A. Brown. B. Steven. C. Green. D. Tom. （ A ）3. What is Alice from? A. England. B. America. C. China. D. Singapore. （ D ）4. What's Li Lei's English name? A. Mary. B. Jim. C. Lei. D. Tony. （ D ）5. Who is Jim's English teacher? A. Mr. Brown B. Mr. Jenny C. Mrs. Jenny D. Mrs. Brown 语法精讲 （一）含系动词be的一般现在时 1.—Are you peter? 你是彼得吗？ —Yes, I am./No, I’m not. 是的，我是。/不，我不是。 2.—Are Meimei and Peter in the same class? 梅梅和彼得在同一个班吗？ am —Yes, they are./No, they aren’t. 是的，他们在。/不，它们不在。 is are 3.—Where is Mr Smith from? 史密斯先生来自哪里？ —He’s from the US. 他来自美国。 语法示例 语法概述 系动词be在一般现在时态中有三种形式：________、________和________。 考向1：am的用法 如果主语是第一人称单数 I （我），系动词be用 am 。I和am可缩写为 I’m （在一般疑问句的简略肯定回答中，I am不能缩写）。 ►—Are you in Class 5? 你在五班吗？ —Yes, I am. 是的，我在。 考向2：are的用法 如果主语是 you （你，你们）、 we （我们）、 they （他们，她们，它们）、__复数__（单数/复数）名词或表示复数意义的单词及短语，系动词be用 are 。 ►What class are you in? 你在哪个班？Tip: we are = __we’re__ they are = _they’re_ you are = __you’re__ ►We are in the same class. 我们在同一个班。 ►They are from the US. 他们来自美国。 ►Emma and Ella are twins. 埃玛和埃拉是双胞胎。考向3：is的用法 如果主语是__单数__（单数/复数）名词、__不可数__（可数/不可数）名词或第三人称单数代词（ he 、 she 、 it ），系动词be用 is 。 Eg.Emma’s last name is Miller. 埃玛的姓氏是米勒。Tip: he is = ___he’s___ she is = __she’s___ it is = ___it’s___ My favourite food is Beijing roast duck. 我最喜爱的食物是北京烤鸭。 She is my class teacher. 她是我的班主任。 【巧学妙记】 系动词be，三朵花，am、is还有are；我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它；单数名词用is，复数名词常用are。 考向4：系动词be在一般现在时中的相关句型 肯定句 主语+be+其他. She’s Amy. 她是埃米。 否定句 主语+be+__not__+其他. She isn’t Amy. 她不是埃米。 一般疑问句及答语 __Be__+主语+其他? 肯定回答：_Yes__, 主语+__be__. 否定回答：_No___, 主语+__be__+__not____. （通常is、are和not要缩写，但am和not不能缩写） —Is she Amy? 她是埃米吗？ —Yes, she is. 是的，她是。 —Are you a doctor? 你是一名医生吗？ —No, I’m not. 不，我不是。 特殊疑问句 ①疑问词（作主语）+be+其他? ②疑问词（不作主语）+be+主语（+其他）? Who is she? 她是谁？ What’s her name? 她叫什么名字？ 【特别提醒】含be动词的肯定句变一般疑问句，可以采用“一提、二变、三问号”的方法。 1. 一提：将be动词提到句首，且首字母大写。 2. 二变：把原主语的首字母变成小写；如果原主语为第一人称，则应把第一人称变为第二人称，be动词也要作出相应的变化；如果有形容词性物主代词my，也应改为your。 3. 三问号：将句末的句点改为问号。 Eg.He is a student.（改为一般疑问句）→___Is____ ___he____ a student? I am Li Lei?（改为一般疑问句）→___Are___ ___you___ Li Lei?（第一人称变为第二人称） These are my books.（改为一般疑问句）→___Are___ ___these__ ___your___ books?（my变为your） 【即学即用】一、阅读下面短文，用am、is、are填空 Hey there! I 1.__am__ Ellen Smith. Smith 2.___is___ my last name. I 3.__am__ from the US. I live in Beijing with my big family. I have a good friend. Her name 4.__is__ Meimei. We 5.__are__ both 12 years old. We 6.__are__ in the same class. Our class teacher 7.__is__ Mr Zhang. I like Chinese food very much. My favourite food 8.__is__ beef noodles. 二、句型转换 1.This is my mother’s ring. (改为一般疑问句） ___Is____ ___this____ __your____ mother’s ring? 2.Are these her cups?（作肯定回答） Yes, ___they___ ____are___, 3.Is he your brother Max?（作否定回答） ___No____, he __isn’t____. He is my cousin. 4.My phone number is 212-4672. (改为否定句) My phone number ___isn’t___ 212-4672. 5.I'm Jenny. (改为一般疑问句) ___Are___ ___you___ Jenny? （二）人称代词主格和形容词性物主代词 1.I’m in Class 1, Grade 7. 我在七年级一班。 2.It’s a parrot. 它是一只鹦鹉。 3.Peter, this is our English teacher, Mr Smith. 彼得，这是我们的英语老 师，史密斯先生。 4.Her name is Sally Wood. 她叫萨莉·伍德。 语法示例 语法概述 人称代词有主格和宾格之分，物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 考向1：人称代词主格 人称代词主格在句中作 主 语，有人称和单复数之分，完成下表： 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 I （我） we （我们） you （你） you （你们） he （他） she （她） it （它） they （他/她/它们） ►I’m sorry! 我很抱歉！ ►How old are you? 你多大了？ ►It is a bird. 它是一只鸟。 ►He is my teacher. 他是我的老师。 ►She is our new classmate. 她是我们的新同学。 【特别提醒】 人称代词的排序 （1）单数人称代词并列作主语时：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称。 ►You, she and I are in the same grade. 你、我和她在同一个年级。 （2）复数人称代词并列作主语时：第一人称→第二人称→第三人称。 ►We, you and they are new students. 我们、你们和他们都是新生。 （3）当承认错误或承担责任时，常将第一人称放在前面。 ►I and my brother make our parents angry. 我和弟弟惹我们的父母生气了。 （4）当并列使用第三人称“男”（he）和“女”（she）时，男在前。 ►He and she are my good friends. 他和她是我的好朋友。 考向2：形容词性物主代词 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。本单元我们学习形容词性物主代词。（完成下表） 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 my （我的） our （我们的） your （你的） your （你们的） his （他的） her （她的） its （它的） their （他们/她们/它们的） 1.形容词性物主代词具有形容词性质，在句中只能作定语，后接__名___词，表示所属关系。 ►This is our English teacher. 这是我们的英语老师。 ►Is that your pet bird? 那是你的宠物鸟吗？ 2.形容词性物主代词与其他形容词一起修饰名词时，形容词性物主代词要放在其他形容词的前面。 ►This is my new classmate. 这是我的新同学。 ►We are his Chinese friends. 我们是他的中国朋友。 3.形容词性物主代词与其所指代的词在人称和数上应保持一致。 ►This is my brother. His name is Tony. 这是我弟弟。他叫托尼。 ►There are my friends. They are in Class 2. 这些是我的朋友。他们在二班。 【即学即用】 一、根据所给提示填写适当的代词 1.These are our books and ___their___（他们的）books are on the desk. 2.The little cat is lovely. What’s ___its_____（它的）name? 3.Mum, I can’t find ___my____（我的）shoes. Where are they? 4.Is that ___your____（你的）dress? It’s nice. 5.I want to give my mother a gift on ___her____（她的）birthday. 6.Peter can’t find ___his____（他的）ping-pong bat. He’s sad. 7.We must clean ___our____（我们的）classroom every day. 8.Are you happy to see ___your____（你们的）old friends? 9.The girl got a new bike from ___her___（she）father and ___she___（she）loves ___its____（it）colour very much. 10.Bob and Bill are twins. ___Their___（they）favourite book is Journey to the West. 语法小测 一、单项选择 （ D ）1.You ________ a teacher. I ________ a student. My sister ________ a student, too. A. am, is, are B. is, am, are C. are, is, am D. are, am, is （ A ）2.—________ Harry and Lucy from London? —Yes, they are. A. Are B. Is C. Do D. Does （ D ）3.There ________ some keys, and the keys ________ yellow. A. are; is B. is; is C. is; are D. are; are （ C ）4.—Is the cat ________ friend?    —Yes, ________. A.your; it isn’t B.he; it is C.your; it is D.her; it isn’t （ C ）5.—Is the girl your friend, Lily? —　　　　. She is Lucy’s friend. A.Yes, she is B.Yes, she isn’t C.No, she isn’t D.No, she is （ D ）6.Let 　　　　 tell me about 　　　　 school days. A. he, his B. her, he C. him, him D. her, her （ C ）7.Those students ________ from my class. They are my friends. A. am B. is C. are D./ （ D ）8.Look at the table. Some tomatoes ________ on it, and some bread ________ on it, too. A.is; is B.is;are C.are; are D.are; is （ B ）9.My father is a manager（经理）.________ works in a hotel. A.She B.He C.It D.They （ D ）10.—Are Mrs Black and Mrs Brown teachers? —Yes, ________ are. A.he B.she C.we D.they （ B ）11.________ dog is over there. ________ is very friendly. A.My; Its B.My; It C.I; It D.Me; Its （ B ）12.My sister is only six, but ________ can already（已经）help with some housework. A.he B.she C.it D.they （ C ）13.—Good morning! My name________ Tom. —Good morning! I ________ Tim. A.is; is B.am; am C.is; am D.am; is （ C ）14.—Are those ________ keys, Jack? —No, they aren’t. They’re Uncle ________. A.yours; Sam’s B.your; Sam C.your; Sam’s D.yours; Sam （ B ）15.—Is he Frank? —_________. His name's Mike. A.Yes, he is B.No, he isn't C.Yes, she is D.No, she isn't 二、用所给词的适当形式填空 1.On Teachers' Day, students usually make cards to thank ___their____ (they) teachers. 2.Jenny and I ___are____ (be) good classmates. 3.This is my good friend. ___His____ (he) name is Alan. 4.He __isn’t____ (be not) Jack. His name's Mike. 5.I like ___Betty’s___ (Betty) watch, but I don’t like ___her____ (she) wallet. 三、用be动词的适当形式填空. 1. What ____is_____ your name? 2.____Are_____ you Tom? 3. John Brown and his son ___are______ from America. 4.____Is_____ your mother's name Lucy? 5. My phone number ____is_____ 283-6579. 6. They ____are_____ students in this school. 7.—____Are_____ these pencils Jim's? —Yes,they are. 8. Gina and I ____are_____ from England. 9. Sandy Miller ___is______ her English name. 10.___Is______ eight your lucky(幸运的) number? 四、语法填空 Jane 1.　 is 　(be) from Canada. She is 12 2.　 years 　(year) old. Now 3.　 she 　(she) is in Beijing International School. She is in Class Four, 4. Grade 　(grade) Seven. 5.　 Her 　(she) telephone number is 9627-6956. Huang Hua is from 6.　China　(中国). 7.　His 　(He) English name is Tom. He is twelve, too. He is 8.　in 　(在) Class Three, Grade Seven. His telephone number is 9256-5233. Huang Hua and Jane are not in the 9.　same 　(相同的) class, but they are good 10.　friends　(friend). 5、 书面表达 假如你是李华，即将和外国交换生一起参加英语节活动。请根据下面表格中的提示准备一篇英语发言稿，做自我介绍并适当拓展。 Name Li Hua From China Age 13 School Class 4, Grade 7, Yiwu Star Middle School Favourite sports Swimming, basketball Friend ... 要求：（1）文中不得出现真实的人名或校名； （2）书写工整，语句通顺，结构完整，大小写正确； （3）词数：60词左右。（开头已给出，不计入总词数） Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. ________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【参考范文】 Hello, everyone! My name is Li Hua. Li is my family name and Hua is my first name. You can call me Xiao Hua. I come from China. I'm 13 years old. I'm in Class 4, Grade 7 in the Yiwu Star Middle School. I like brown. My favorite sports are swimming and playing basketball. My telephone number is 478-9834. I have a good friend. His name's Tom Miller. He's English. He is 12 and he is in Class 4, too. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$