Unit 1 ～Unit3单元语法导学案-2023-2024学年人教版九年级英语全册

Unit 1 How can we become good learners?-单元语法 by+v. -ing 结构 【语法精讲】 “by+v. -ing”结构在句子中作方式状语，该结构表示“通过做某事而得到某种结果”。by在这个句型中有“通过，借助，用（某种方法或手段)”等含义。例如：I told him the news by sending him a message. 我通过给他发信息告诉他那个消息。 拓展：by其他用法小结 1. by+地点名词，表示方位，意为“在……旁边，靠近”。 On a cold evening, it is pleasant to sit by the fire. 在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。 2. by+交通工具、交通方式名词（名词前不加冠词，且名词不用复数形式），意为“通过……，由……，乘……”。如：by train/rail/taxi/bus/truck/bike/boat/plane/land/sea/air 等。 3. by+时间名词，意为“到……时为止”“在……之前，不迟于……”。 He got there by four o’clock. 他在4点前到了那里。 4. by+反身代词，意为“独自”。 Tina couldn’t move the heavy box by herself. 蒂娜自己搬不动这么重的箱子。 5. by+动作执行者，用于被动语态，意为“被，由”。 The house was destroyed by fire. 房子被火烧毁了。 6. 用于某些固定短语中 word by word 逐字 bit by bit 一点一点，慢慢地 by the way 顺便问一下 by mistake 错误地 辨析：by, in 与 with by, in和with都可以表示方式，但用法不同。 1. by 强调“方式、方法、手段”，后接表示动作、行为的名词。 You may send the book by post. 你可以通过邮局把书寄出去。 2. in强调“用某种语言、工具、材料”等。 The teacher asked you to say it in French. 老师让你用法语把它表述出来。 3. with强调“借助于某一具体的工具、材料或人体器官”。 We work with our hands. 我们靠手工作。 【随堂检测】 一、单项选择 1. —Who helped you with your homework? —Nobody. I did it by __________. A. ourselves B. me C. myself 2. —Do you go to school __________ bike or __________ foot? —Neither. I often go to school by car. A. by; on B. by; by C. on; by 3. —__________ do you learn a new language? —__________ listening to the teacher carefully in class. A. How; By B. How; Take C. What; By 4. Jane hurt her hand. She can’t write __________ it. A. it B. for C. with 5. Can you tell the story __________ English? A. with B. in C. by 二、用不同的句型描述句子 例子：can’t learn English well (have trouble) Xiaoming has some trouble learning English well. 6. can’t understand what the teacher says in class (have trouble) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 7. can’t understand spoken English (it’s difficult for sb. to do sth.) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 8. can’t spell some English words (another thing he finds difficult is...) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 9. doesn’t have a partner to practice English with (his biggest problem is that...) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. B 二、用不同的句型描述句子 6. Xiaoming has trouble understanding what the teacher says in class. 7. It is difficult for Xiaoming to understand spoken English. 8. Another thing he finds difficult is that he can’t spell some English words. 9. His biggest problem is that he doesn’t have a partner to practice English with Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!单元语法 语法学习：感叹句 【语法精讲】 类别 结构 例句 以 what 引导 What + a/an+adj. +单数可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ What a smart boy he is!多么聪明的一个小男孩啊！ What+adj. + 复数可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ What tall trees they are!多么高的树啊！ What+adj. + 不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ What delicious food you’ve made!你做了多么好吃的食物啊！ 以 how 引导 How + adj. /adv. （+主语+谓语）！ How beautiful the lake is!这个湖多美啊！ How + adj. + a/an +单数可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ How useful a subject we are learning!我们正在学习的科目多么有用啊！ 【随堂检测】 一、单项选择 1. —We are going to take part in Running Man. —__________ exciting news! A. What B. What an C. How 2. —Have you watched the boat races this Dragon Boat Festival? —Yes. __________ wonderful races! A. What an B. What a C. What D. How 3. __________ great news it is! We’ll have a school trip next week. A. What a B. What C. How a 4. __________ wonderful speech Emma gave at the UN conference! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 5. —Do you know some robots are able to serve as waiters in restaurants? —Really? __________ interesting it is! A. What B. What a C. How 二、将下列句子改为感叹句 6. Our journey to Britain last summer was amazing. __________ __________ our journey to Britain last summer was! 7. It is very fun to watch a basketball game. __________ __________ it is to watch a basketball game! 8. The story has a very surprising ending. __________ __________ __________ ending the story has! 9. It is exciting news. __________ __________ news it is! 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. C 二、将下列句子改为感叹句 6. How amazing 7. How fun 8. What a surprising 9. What exciting Unit 3 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?-单元语法 语法学习：宾语从句 【语法精讲】 一、含义 在句中作动词或介词宾语的句子为宾语从句，宾语从句属名词性从句。 二、宾语从句的引导词 1. 宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that，在口语中that可以省略。 We believe (that) he is honest. 我们相信他是诚实的。 2. 如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用if或whether。一般情况下，二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether。 (1)I don’t know if/whether she will come here. 我不知道她是否将来这儿。 (2)Sorry, I don’t know whether he will come or not. 对不起，我不知道他是否会来。 3. 宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。 Could you tell me where the post office is? 你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？ 三、宾语从句的语序 含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述 语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。 I want to know when the train left. 我想知道火车什么时候离开的。 温馨提示：①有些特殊疑问句本身是陈述句语序。 What’s wrong with...? /Which is the way to...? What happened to you...? What’s the matter/trouble...? Who broke the window? ②由do, does, did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do, does, did，且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。 Does your sister like apples? He asked me. →He asked me if my sister liked apples. 他问我我妹妹是否喜欢吃苹果。 ③如果是will, be, have, can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到句中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。 How long has he been here? I wonder. →I wonder how long he has been here. 我想知道他来这儿多长时间了。 四、宾语从句的时态 宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况： 1. 主句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。 I can’t remember when I met her. 我不记得什么时候见过她。 2. 主句的时态为过去的某种时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的某一过去的时态。 He said he would help us with our English. 他说过他将会帮我们学英语。 3. 从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。 The mother told her son that the earth goes around the sun. 那个母亲告诉她儿子地球绕着太阳转。 宾语从句记忆口诀： 宾语从句要学好，三个要素须记牢。 词序、时态、引导词，主前动后定确保。 主句动过从亦过，请你切记莫忘掉。 that/if疑问词，它们位置居首要。 【随堂检测】 一、单项选择 1. —Your book is very interesting. Could you tell me __________? —In Xinhua Bookstore next to our school. A. where do you buy it B. why did you buy it C. where you bought it D. why you bought it 2. I wonder __________. A. how will you celebrate Thanksgiving B. that the Water Festival is really fun C. what do people eat on the Mid-Autumn Festival D. whether you will make resolutions on New Year’s Day 3. My deskmate asked me __________. A. when would I go to the zoo B. whom I would play tennis with C. how did I get home that evening D. whether I have been to Singapore 4. —Let’s send him home. Do you know __________? —I have no idea. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. he where lives D. he lives where 5. —Could you please tell me __________? —By taking an online tour. A. in which way can I improve my writing skills B. how I can travel around the world in eight hours C. what places of interest we can visit at a time D. how should I get some more useful information 6. —What did Tom say to you just now, John? —He asked __________. A. why I am so happy today B. what will I do for the weekend C. who did I play football with after school D. if I could go to the movie with him tonight 二、将下列句子合并为宾语从句 7. “What do you sell online?” I asked the young boy. I asked the young boy __________ he __________ online. 8. Is Life of Pi a good movie? Could you tell me? Could you tell me __________ Life of Pi __________ a good movie. 9. Light travels faster than sound. The teacher told us. The teacher told us __________ light __________ faster than sound. 10. How will you go to Shanghai? I wonder. I wonder __________ you __________ __________ to Shanghai. 参考答案 一、单项选择 1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. D 二、将下列句子合并为宾语从句 7. what; sold 8. if/whether; is 9. that; travels 10. how; will go 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$