第05讲 定语从句-【暑假自学课】2024年新九年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（牛津译林版）

第05讲 定语从句（预习九上） 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理（吃透教材） 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1．掌握并正确使用定语从句 定语从句 关系词的选用(关系代词) which, that, who, whom, whose *只能用that的情况： *只能用which的情况 关系词的省略 作宾语时可省略 主谓一致 与先行词保持一致 定语从句 1.概念： 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。 定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句 如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree. ↓ ↓ ↓ 先行词 引导词 从句（定语从句） 2. 关系词的选用： 关系代词 指代 在定从中所作成分 例句 which 物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music which is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。 that 人、物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music that is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。 The girl that has long hair is his sister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。 who 人 主语 宾语 The girl who has long hair is his sister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。 whom 人 宾语 He is the student that/who/whom I like best.他是我最喜欢的学生 whose 人的，物的 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. 我喜欢那些话题是历史的书 3、关系词的省略： 关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略 如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。 The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。 4.关系代词只能用that的情况 (1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that 如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember. (2)当先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that. 如: Say all that you know/ Is there anything that I can do for you? (3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same 等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who). 如：That’s the only thing that I can do now. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used. (4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that. 如：This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best novel that I have read. (5)当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that. 如：Which is the machine that we used last Sunday? 5. 关系代词只能用which的情况 1)引导词前有介词 如：The school campus in which we study every day is beautiful. 我们学习的校园很漂亮。 (2)在非限制性定从中用which, 不用that 如：The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.(不可用that) 6. 定语从句中的主谓一致 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与先行词保持一致。其中，“one of+复数名词” 作先行词时，谓语动词用复数形式。”the one of/the only one of+复数名词”时，谓语动词用单数形式。 如：He is the man who / that lives next door. 他就是住在隔壁的那个男人 He is one of the students in his class who have been to Germany.他是班上去过德国的学生之一 答案：1. who/that 2. which/that 3. who/that 4. who/that 5. who/that 考点一：关系词的选用 1．（22-23九年级上·江苏·期末）Mr. Martin ________ is smoking is looking for ________ he lost yesterday. A．whom; which B．who; what C．that; who D．which; where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：吸烟的马丁先生正在寻找昨天丢失的东西。 考查定语从句和宾语从句的引导词。第一个空考查定语从句的引导词，先行词Mr. Martin指人，应用关系代词who在定语从句中做主语；第二个空考查宾语从句，设空处的引导词在宾语从句中作动词lost的宾语，应用what来指代马丁先生丢失的东西。故选B。 2．（23-24九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）World of Plainness (《平凡的世界》) is a great novel _________ always cheers me up when I’m down. A．that B．why C．who D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：《平凡的世界》是一本很棒的小说，它总是在我沮丧的时候让我振作起来。 考查定语从句的关系词。本句是定语从句，空处在句中作主语，且先行词是a great novel，指物，所以关系词用that/which，结合选项，故选A。 3．（22-23九年级上·江苏盐城·期末）—Have you heard about Wu Jing’s new film The Wandering Earth Ⅱ ______ many teenagers are talking about these days? —Sure. It surprised me when I was watching it. A．who B．whose C．that D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你听说过最近很多青少年都在谈论的吴京的新电影《流浪地球Ⅱ》吗？——当然。我看（这部电影）的时候很惊讶。 考查定语从句。who先行词是人，在从句中作主语；whose用来指人或物，只用作定语；that先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句。分析句子结构，可知该句是定语从句，先行词“The Wandering Earth Ⅱ”是物，在从句中作宾语，关系代词填that。故选C。 4．（23-24九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）That is the dictionary ________ Millie is looking for. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：那就是米莉正在找的那本字典。 考查定语从句关系代词。who先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom先行词指人，在从句中作宾语；whose修饰人或物的先行词，在从句中作定语；which先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。句中“the dictionary”是物，且在从句中作宾语，应用which来引导定语从句。故选D。 5．（23-24九年级上·安徽淮南·期末）Do you know the book ________ cover has a beautiful picture is Mary’s? A．which B．that C．who D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你知道那本封面有美丽图画的书是玛丽的吗？ 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是the book，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰名词cover，用whose引导定语从句。故选D。 考点二：只能用that的情况 6．（20-21九年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）—What does Alma Mater (母校) mean to you after graduation for so many years? —Everything! Those unforgettable things and people ________ I’m familiar (熟悉的) with will remain in my mind forever. A．who B．that C．what D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——毕业这么多年了，母校对你来说意味着什么？——一切！那些我熟悉的难忘的事情和人会永远留在我的脑海里。 考查定语从句关系词。根据“Those unforgettable things and people”可知，先行词即有人又有物，关系代词只能用that。故选B。 7．（23-24九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）I will remember the first teachers ________ have had a great influence on my life. A．whom B．which C．whose D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我会记住第一批对我的生活产生重大影响的老师。 考查定语从句关系词。whom先行词为人，在定语从句中作宾语；which先行词为物；whose表示所属关系；that先行词为人或物。本句是定语从句，先行词teachers，指人，在定语从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选D。 8．（2014·湖北黄冈·一模）—Why do you call him Mr. Knowledgeable? —Because he knows almost everything ________ we want to know. A．which B．what C．who D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你为什么称呼他博学先生？——因为他几乎知道我们想要知道的一切。 考查定语从句关系词。根据“everything”可知此处应填定语从句关系词，而先行词“everything”为复合不定代词，关系词只能用that，故选D。 9．（21-22九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—How do you like the book Little Women? —Wonderful. I think it is the best one ________ tells us the importance of family. A．/ B．what C．which D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你觉得《小妇人》这本书怎么样？——很好。我认为这是告诉我们家庭的重要性最好的一本书。 考查定语从句。此处含定语从句，先行词指书，引导词在从句中作主语，且先行词前有最高级the best修饰，只能用that。故选D。 10．（22-23九年级上·四川巴中·期末）Who is the woman ________ is sweeping the floor over there? A．who B．that C．/ D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：那边扫地的女士是谁？ 考查关系代词。who引导定语从句，在句子中作主语，指代人；that引导定语从句，指代人或物，在句中作主语或宾语；which引导定语从句，在句中作主语或宾语，指代物。在who开头的特殊疑问句中，如果先行词指人，为了避免重复，需要使用that。故选B。 考点三：只能用which的情况 11．（22-23九年级上·广东江门·期中）I really enjoyed my stay in Xi’an, ________ is indeed worth ________ second visit. A．which; a B．which; the C．that; the D．that; a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我在西安的停留非常愉快，这座城市确实值得再访。 考查定语从句和冠词的用法。a一个，不定冠词，表示泛指；the这个，定冠词，表示特指。根据“… is indeed worth … second visit.”可知，去掉此句不影响整体意思的表达，为非限制性定语从句，第一空应填入一个关系代词作为在定语从句中做主语，指代先行词“Xi’an”，因此应填 which；第二空应填入一个不定冠词a，构成“a+序数词”，表示“再一次”。故选A。 12．（2022·四川达州·一模）He seems not to have grasped ________ I meant, ________ greatly upsets me. A．what; who B．that; that C．what; which D．how; which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他似乎没有领会我的意思，这让我非常难过。 考查从句。what什么；who谁；that那个；which哪一个；how怎么样。根据“He seems not to have grasped...I meant,...greatly upsets me.”可知grasped 之后是宾语从句且从句中meant后面缺少宾语,空处需填一个引导词what；逗号后面为非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，需填一个引导词指代前面整个句子，用which。故选C。 13．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）To enter a good high school, we shouldn’t only study the subjects in ________ we are interested. A．that B．who C．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了进入一所好的高中，我们不应该仅仅学习我们感兴趣的科目。 考查定语从句关系词。句子的先行词the subjects“科目”为“物”，而空前有介词，关系词只能用which，故选C。 考点四：定语从句的主谓一致 14．（2014·四川达州·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like?    —I like movies ________ scary monsters. A．which has B．that have C．what has D．why have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你喜欢什么种类的电影？——我喜欢看有吓人的怪兽的电影。 考查定语从句关系代词。先行词movies在定语从句中作主语，可以用关系代词that/which将其代替。先行词是复数名词，从句中的谓语动词要用复数形式，故选B。 15．（23-24九年级上·全国·随堂练习）He is one of the boys ________ interested in football. A．that’s B．who’s C．who’re D．which’s 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他是对足球感兴趣的男孩之一。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知先行词是boys，关系代词指人，用that或who，且关系代词指代的boys是复数，be动词用are。故选C。 16．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Armstrong became the first man _______ walked on the moon on 20th July, 1969. A．whom B．when C．where D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在1969年7月20日，阿姆斯特朗成为第一个在月球上行走的人。 考查定语从句。whom引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；when引导定语从句时，先行词是时间，在从句中作时间状语；where引导定语从句时，先行词是地点，在从句中作地点状语；that引导定语从句时，先行词是人或物。本句先行词为man，指人，从句缺主语，需用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，但先行词被the first修饰，只能用that。故选D。 17．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）The students are reading stories ________ are full of positive energy these days. A．which B．what C．who D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些天，学生们正在阅读充满正能量的故事。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词“stories”，并在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选A。 18．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）—Which song do you like better, Helen? —I prefer the song Proud of you _________ can attract many people. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——海伦，你更喜欢哪首歌？ ——我更喜欢能吸引很多人的歌曲《为你骄傲》。 考查关系代词。which用作定语从句的关系代词时，指代表示物的先行词；who和whom用作定语从句的关系代词时，指代表示人的先行词；where表示地点，关系副词。答语中的句子是一个定语从句，先行词是“the song Proud of you”，应该用关系代词which。故选A。 19．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）The umbrella ________ I had just bought was broken after the heavy rain. A．whose B．whom C．who D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：大雨过后，我刚买的伞坏了。 考查定语从句的引导词。whose引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作定语；whom引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作作宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语；which引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是umbrella，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用which引导，故选D。 20．（2024·江苏常州·一模）— Do you know the boy in red ________ is sitting next to Bob? — Yes. He is Bob’s best friend. They are celebrating his ________ birthday. A．/; fifth B．who; twelfth C．which; ninth D．that; twelve 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道坐在鲍勃旁边的那个穿红色衣服的男孩吗？——是的，他是鲍勃的朋友，他们正在庆祝他的12岁生日。 考查定语从句和数词的用法。在定语从句中，先行词指人时用who/that引导；表示某人的第几个生日用序数词，twelve的序数词是twelfth，故选B。 21．（2024·江苏泰州·二模）—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days? —Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok. A．that; which B．which; who C．who; which D．who; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道这些天很流行的那首歌吗？——当然。是关于一个穿着帽衫在抖音上请求帮助的女孩。 考查定语从句。定语从句中先行词为人时用关系代词that或who；先行词为物时用关系代词that或which。问句中先行词为the song，所以关系代词用that或which。答语先行词为a girl，所以关系代词that或who。所以B选项中的符合定语从句对引导词的要求。故选B。 22．（23-24九年级下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）—What do you think of The Three-Body Problem ________ is written by Liu Cixin? —Oh, it’s fantastic. A．who B．what C．\ D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你觉得刘慈欣写的《三体》怎么样？ ——哦，太棒了。 考查定语从句。根据“What do you think of The Three-Body Problem … is written by Liu Cixin?”可知，此处考查定语从句，先行词“The Three-Body Problem”指物，关系词在从句中作主语，关系词应用that/which。故选D。 23．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）Mr Wu is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable. A．which B．when C．what D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：吴先生是我想向他学习的老师。他知识渊博。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是teacher，关系词在从句中作宾语，用who引导定语从句。故选D。 24．（2024·江苏徐州·一模）Four Springs is a documentary film ______ tells a family’s daily life in the small town in Guizhou in Southwest China. A．where B．who C．which D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：《四个春天》是一部纪录片，讲述了中国西南部贵州一个小镇上一个家庭的日常生活。 考查定语从句。此处含定语从句，先行词是物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 25．（2024·江苏徐州·一模）—Which one is your Maths teacher? —Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses. A．who B．which C．what D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——哪一个是你的数学老师？——在那里！那个戴着一副圆眼镜的高个子男人。 考查定语从句关系词。who引导定语从句，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词是人；which引导定语从句，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词是物；what不能引导定语从句；where引导定语从句，在句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词。分析句子可知，空后句子作定语修饰名词the tall man，空处在句中作主语，且先行词是人，所以用who，故选A。 26．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）The shoes ________ I had just bought was broken after playing basketball. A．whose B．whom C．who D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我刚买的那双鞋在打篮球后就坏了。 考查定语从句的引导词。whose谁的，作定语；whom谁，指人，作宾语；who谁，指人，作主/宾语；which哪个，指物，作主/宾语。定语从句先行词是shoes，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用which引导。故选D。 27．（2024·江苏常州·一模）—Mum, can you see the T-shirt ________ I put here just now? —Oh, I’ve taken it to your bedroom. A．which B．who C．whose D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——妈妈，你看见我刚才放在这里的T恤了吗？——哦，我把它拿到你的卧室去了。 考查定语从句。根据“can you see the T-shirt ... I put here just now?”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词T-shirt，指物，在从句中作宾语，关系词用which引导定语从句。故选A。 28．（23-24九年级上·江苏南京·期末）Which of the following sentences has a relative clause? A．She started learning Qinqiang Opera from her mother when she was 4 years old. B．If you lose hope for the future, watch the movie The Shawshank Redemption. C．He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting. D．I believe working should be like a poem, full of love and beauty. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪个句子有定语从句？ 考查定语从句。He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting. “他想成为那种能让自己的角色有趣的演员。”为that引导的定语从句，先行词是actor，在从句中作主语。故选C。 29．（22-23九年级上·湖北襄阳·期末）— She is an excellent coach ________. — Yes. She’s good at teaching. A．whom helps us get good grades B．which make our marks improve a lot C．that have great influence on the test D．who knows how to get results 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——她是一位知道如何取得成绩的优秀教练。——是的。她擅长教学。 考查定语从句。whom helps us get good grades谁帮助我们取得好成绩；which make our marks improve a lot是什么使我们的成绩提高了很多；that have great influence on the test这对考试有很大的影响；who knows how to get results谁知道如何得到结果。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，排除AB；先行词是单数，C项中have应改为has。故选D。 30．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）Success belongs to those ________ are well prepared. A．which B．who C．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：成功属于那些准备充分的人。 考查定语从句。根据“those…are well prepared.”可知此处是定语从句，先行词指人且在从句中作主语，先行词those本身为指示代词，所以只能用who引导定语从句。故选B。 31．（2024·四川自贡·一模）—Do you like the movie ________ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin? —Sure. I think no movie is ________ than it. A．that; more touching B．what; less touching C．which; less touched 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你喜欢那部叫《长津湖之战》的电影吗？——当然。我认为没有电影比它更感人。 考查定语从句关系代词和形容词比较级。问句中的先行词是“the movie”，所以关系代词可以是that或which。答句说喜爱，所以是要表达“没有电影比它更令人感动”，填more touching。故选A。 32．（2024·甘肃陇南·二模）—Have you ever heard the popular chant (儿歌), We Dig Dig a Hole (挖呀挖) . —Yes, it has the funniest words________ I can sing along with. A．that B．who C．what D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你听过流行的儿歌《挖呀挖呀挖》吗？——是的，它有着最有趣的歌词，我能跟着这首歌一起唱。 考查定语从句的连接词。本句是定语从句，且主语是物，可排除B选项；what不作定语从句连接词；先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，连接词只能用that，而不能用which。故选A。 33．（2024·四川遂宁·二模）Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：成都是一座大城市，我们可以在这里学习古蜀文化，享受现代生活。 考查定语从句。which先行词为物；who先行词为人；that先行词为物/人；whom先行词为人。此处先行词是city，指物，且结合介词in，可知此处是“介词+which”引导的定语从句。故选A。 34．（2024·吉林长春·二模）— What makes your middle school life colorful and meaningful? —The friendships and learning abilities ________ I’ve got. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——是什么让你的中学生活丰富多彩的和有意义的？ ——我得到的友谊和学习能力。 考查定语从句的先行词。who用于指代先行词是人的定语从句；which用于指代先行词是物的定语从句；what用于引导名词性从句；whose主要用于指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。根据答句“The friendships and learning abilities…I’ve got.”可知，先行词是The friendships and learning abilities属于物，所以先行词是which。故选B。 35．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Do you know everyone ________ attended the wedding (婚礼)? —Almost, but I don’t know the man in a hat. A．who B．which C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认识参加婚礼的每个人吗？——差不多，但我不认识那个戴帽子的人。 考查定语从句。everyone是不定代词，作先行词，空后是定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故选A。 36．（2024·四川雅安·三模）Sichuan is home to pandas ________ are known as a national treasure of China. A．which B．whom C．where D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：四川是大熊猫的故乡，它们被誉为中国的国宝。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是“pandas”，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选A。 37．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·二模）The dragon is the only animal _________ isn’t real among the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac (生肖). A．that B．which C．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：龙是中国十二生肖中唯一不真实的动物。 考查关系代词。该句是定语从句，先行词animal被“the only”修饰了，关系代词只能填that。故选A。 38．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）Mother’s love is one of the greatest pleasures ________ we can enjoy. It also gives us bravery and power to overcome the difficulties. A．that B．what C．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：母爱是我们能享受到的最大的快乐之一。它也给了我们克服困难的勇气和力量。 考查定语从句。that可引导定语从句；what引导宾语从句；who可引导定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词pleasures前有最高级修饰，应用that引导。故选A。 39．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Is it the most delicious bread ________ you have ever tried? —No, it isn’t. I only love my grandma’s bread. A．who B．that C．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这是你吃过的最好吃的面包吗？——不，不是。我只喜欢我奶奶做的面包。 考查定语从句。在定语从句中，先行词是物，关系词用that或which，不用who；what在句中做主语或宾语，后面不跟名词。根据“the most delicious bread”可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是物，因此用that。故选B。 40．（2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·一模）I wondered ________ when we were in dangerous situations. A．whom could we ask for help B．why could we ask for help C．what we could ask for help D．whom we could ask for help 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我想知道当我们处于危险的情形下时我们能向谁寻求帮助。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句应是陈述句语序，排除AB。由于ask sb. for help“向某人寻求帮助”，所以是疑问词whom。故选D。 ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第05讲 定语从句（预习九上） 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理（吃透教材） 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1．掌握并正确使用定语从句 定语从句 关系词的选用(关系代词) which, that, who, whom, whose *只能用that的情况： *只能用which的情况 关系词的省略 作宾语时可省略 主谓一致 与先行词保持一致 定语从句 1.概念： 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。 定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句 如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree. ↓ ↓ ↓ 先行词 引导词 从句（定语从句） 2. 关系词的选用： 关系代词 指代 在定从中所作成分 例句 which 物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music which is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。 that 人、物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music that is gentle.露西喜欢柔和的音乐。 The girl that has long hair is his sister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。 who 人 主语 宾语 The girl who has long hair is his sister.留长发的女孩子是他姐姐。 whom 人 宾语 He is the student that/who/whom I like best.他是我最喜欢的学生 whose 人的，物的 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. 我喜欢那些话题是历史的书 3、关系词的省略： 关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略 如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。 The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。 4.关系代词只能用that的情况 (1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that 如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember. (2)当先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that. 如: Say all that you know/ Is there anything that I can do for you? (3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same 等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who). 如：That’s the only thing that I can do now. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used. (4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that. 如：This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best novel that I have read. (5)当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that. 如：Which is the machine that we used last Sunday? 5. 关系代词只能用which的情况 1)引导词前有介词 如：The school campus in which we study every day is beautiful. 我们学习的校园很漂亮。 (2)在非限制性定从中用which, 不用that 如：The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.(不可用that) 6. 定语从句中的主谓一致 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与先行词保持一致。其中，“one of+复数名词” 作先行词时，谓语动词用复数形式。”the one of/the only one of+复数名词”时，谓语动词用单数形式。 如：He is the man who / that lives next door. 他就是住在隔壁的那个男人 He is one of the students in his class who have been to Germany.他是班上去过德国的学生之一 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________ 考点一：关系词的选用 1．（22-23九年级上·江苏·期末）Mr. Martin ________ is smoking is looking for ________ he lost yesterday. A．whom; which B．who; what C．that; who D．which; where 2．（23-24九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）World of Plainness (《平凡的世界》) is a great novel _________ always cheers me up when I’m down. A．that B．why C．who D．what 3．（22-23九年级上·江苏盐城·期末）—Have you heard about Wu Jing’s new film The Wandering Earth Ⅱ ______ many teenagers are talking about these days? —Sure. It surprised me when I was watching it. A．who B．whose C．that D．what 4．（23-24九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）That is the dictionary ________ Millie is looking for. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 5．（23-24九年级上·安徽淮南·期末）Do you know the book ________ cover has a beautiful picture is Mary’s? A．which B．that C．who D．whose 考点二：只能用that的情况 6．（20-21九年级下·江苏南京·阶段练习）—What does Alma Mater (母校) mean to you after graduation for so many years? —Everything! Those unforgettable things and people ________ I’m familiar (熟悉的) with will remain in my mind forever. A．who B．that C．what D．which 7．（23-24九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）I will remember the first teachers ________ have had a great influence on my life. A．whom B．which C．whose D．that 8．（2014·湖北黄冈·一模）—Why do you call him Mr. Knowledgeable? —Because he knows almost everything ________ we want to know. A．which B．what C．who D．that 9．（21-22九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—How do you like the book Little Women? —Wonderful. I think it is the best one ________ tells us the importance of family. A．/ B．what C．which D．that 10．（22-23九年级上·四川巴中·期末）Who is the woman ________ is sweeping the floor over there? A．who B．that C．/ D．which 考点三：只能用which的情况 11．（22-23九年级上·广东江门·期中）I really enjoyed my stay in Xi’an, ________ is indeed worth ________ second visit. A．which; a B．which; the C．that; the D．that; a 12．（2022·四川达州·一模）He seems not to have grasped ________ I meant, ________ greatly upsets me. A．what; who B．that; that C．what; which D．how; which 13．（2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）To enter a good high school, we shouldn’t only study the subjects in ________ we are interested. A．that B．who C．which 考点四：定语从句的主谓一致 14．（2014·四川达州·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like?    —I like movies ________ scary monsters. A．which has B．that have C．what has D．why have 15．（23-24九年级上·全国·随堂练习）He is one of the boys ________ interested in football. A．that’s B．who’s C．who’re D．which’s 16．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Armstrong became the first man _______ walked on the moon on 20th July, 1969. A．whom B．when C．where D．that 17．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）The students are reading stories ________ are full of positive energy these days. A．which B．what C．who D．/ 18．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）—Which song do you like better, Helen? —I prefer the song Proud of you _________ can attract many people. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 19．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）The umbrella ________ I had just bought was broken after the heavy rain. A．whose B．whom C．who D．which 20．（2024·江苏常州·一模）— Do you know the boy in red ________ is sitting next to Bob? — Yes. He is Bob’s best friend. They are celebrating his ________ birthday. A．/; fifth B．who; twelfth C．which; ninth D．that; twelve 21．（2024·江苏泰州·二模）—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days? —Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok. A．that; which B．which; who C．who; which D．who; that 22．（23-24九年级下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）—What do you think of The Three-Body Problem ________ is written by Liu Cixin? —Oh, it’s fantastic. A．who B．what C．\ D．that 23．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）Mr Wu is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable. A．which B．when C．what D．who 24．（2024·江苏徐州·一模）Four Springs is a documentary film ______ tells a family’s daily life in the small town in Guizhou in Southwest China. A．where B．who C．which D．when 25．（2024·江苏徐州·一模）—Which one is your Maths teacher? —Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses. A．who B．which C．what D．where 26．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）The shoes ________ I had just bought was broken after playing basketball. A．whose B．whom C．who D．which 27．（2024·江苏常州·一模）—Mum, can you see the T-shirt ________ I put here just now? —Oh, I’ve taken it to your bedroom. A．which B．who C．whose D．where 28．（23-24九年级上·江苏南京·期末）Which of the following sentences has a relative clause? A．She started learning Qinqiang Opera from her mother when she was 4 years old. B．If you lose hope for the future, watch the movie The Shawshank Redemption. C．He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting. D．I believe working should be like a poem, full of love and beauty. 29．（22-23九年级上·湖北襄阳·期末）— She is an excellent coach ________. — Yes. She’s good at teaching. A．whom helps us get good grades B．which make our marks improve a lot C．that have great influence on the test D．who knows how to get results 30．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）Success belongs to those ________ are well prepared. A．which B．who C．that 31．（2024·四川自贡·一模）—Do you like the movie ________ is called The Battle at Lake Changjin? —Sure. I think no movie is ________ than it. A．that; more touching B．what; less touching C．which; less touched 32．（2024·甘肃陇南·二模）—Have you ever heard the popular chant (儿歌), We Dig Dig a Hole (挖呀挖) . —Yes, it has the funniest words________ I can sing along with. A．that B．who C．what D．which 33．（2024·四川遂宁·二模）Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 34．（2024·吉林长春·二模）— What makes your middle school life colorful and meaningful? —The friendships and learning abilities ________ I’ve got. A．who B．which C．what D．whose 35．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Do you know everyone ________ attended the wedding (婚礼)? —Almost, but I don’t know the man in a hat. A．who B．which C．what 36．（2024·四川雅安·三模）Sichuan is home to pandas ________ are known as a national treasure of China. A．which B．whom C．where D．whose 37．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·二模）The dragon is the only animal _________ isn’t real among the 12 animals of the Chinese zodiac (生肖). A．that B．which C．who 38．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）Mother’s love is one of the greatest pleasures ________ we can enjoy. It also gives us bravery and power to overcome the difficulties. A．that B．what C．who 39．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）—Is it the most delicious bread ________ you have ever tried? —No, it isn’t. I only love my grandma’s bread. A．who B．that C．what 40．（2024·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·一模）I wondered ________ when we were in dangerous situations. A．whom could we ask for help B．why could we ask for help C．what we could ask for help D．whom we could ask for help ( 2 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$