（精讲册）第二节 一般选择型阅读（课件PPT）-【卓文中考·加速度】2024年云南中考英语复习

1 题型二 阅读理解 第二节 一般选择型阅读 1 2 3 考情总览·聚焦中考 方法点拨·指点迷津 话题分类·备考集训 类型1 细节理解题（省卷:5年25考） 类型2 推理判断题（省卷:5年9考） 类型3 词义（组）猜测题（省卷:5年5考） 类型4 主旨大意题（省卷:5年3考） 类型5 标题归纳题（省卷:5年5考） 类型6 数字计算题（省卷:5年1考） 类型7 写作意图题（省卷:5年2考） 话题1 事物介绍 话题2 人物故事 3 分析云南近5年中考真题可知，一般选择型阅读主要呈现以下特点： 1.文体：说明文为主，记叙文为辅； 2.话题：事物介绍、教育故事、人物故事； 3.难易度：文章篇幅3~6段，词数为208~288词，生词量为1~6个，且均 给出汉语注释； 4.设题方式：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义（组）猜测题、主旨大意 题、标题归纳题、数字计算题、写作意图题。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 4 类型1 细节理解题（省卷：5年25考） 方法点拨1 关键词定位法 关键词定位法在阅读理解的解题中比较常用。解答此类试题时,先 重点把握题干的关键词，再利用关键词快速定位,最后根据文章内容及 选项分析选出正确答案。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 5 典例[2022省卷B节选] ... The Wukong satellite is just as sharp-eyed as Monkey King to help scientists search for dark matter in space. 56.What is the Wukong satellite used for? A.Answering some of Qu Yuan’s questions. B.Finding the difference between good and evil. C.Helping scientists search for dark matter in space. D.Welcoming foreign astronauts to the space station. 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 6 【思路点拨】根据题干中的关键词“the Wukong satellite”可定位到节选段落的最后一句，由此句可知，The Wukong satellite是用来帮助科学家寻找太空中的黑暗物质的。故选C。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 7 方法点拨2 转换相关语句法 转换相关语句法要求对文章或段落大意有大概的了解后，根据题干内容寻找文章中对应的信息，再根据备选选项确定正确答案。备选选项的内容可通过以下几种形式出现：（1）同义词、近义词、反义词复现等；（2）同源词复现；（3）变化过词性及语态的词；（4）简化原文或转换原文。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 8 典例[2022省卷B节选] If you look into more names of Chinese space programs, you will find that they all have beautiful meanings. We, the Chinese people, have a long-cherished （珍藏已久的） space dream. So the naming of Chinese space programs is taken very seriously. 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 9 59.Why do we take the naming of Chinese space programs seriously? A.We want to land on Mars. B.We want to protect the Earth. C.We have the hunger for truth. D.We have a dream for space. 【思路点拨】根据题干内容可定位到节选段落的第二、三句，由此句可 知，中国人民有着珍藏已久的太空梦，因此太空计划的命名得到了非常 认真地对待。故选D。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 10 类型2 推理判断题（省卷：5年9考） 方法点拨1 细节推理 细节推理，即有时在原文中找不到同正确句子选项相近的句子，可 能是原文中某一事实的前提、原因、结果等，所以要根据文章的内容进 行判断和推理，并结合选项得出正确答案。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 11 典例 [2022昆明B节选] According to him, I moved toward him and he held his breath. Then I pushed everything aside and went right into his arms. Tears （眼泪） came to his eyes. He didn’t realize that he was one of the choices. 54.The father felt ______ after the writer pushed everything aside and went into his arms. A.curious B.nervous C.relaxed D.moved 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 12 【思路点拨】根据题干内容可定位到节选段落的第三句，由此可推知作 者最终选择了他的父亲，并且作者的父亲感动地哭了。故选D。 方法点拨2 出处推断 出处推断要求考生把握文章的文体结构，结合文章内容及选项做出 推断，切不可以偏概全。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 13 典例 [2022省卷A节选] We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on … As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally （口头地） … 54.You may read the passage in the ______ section of a newspaper. A.culture B.business C.health D.nature 【思路点拨】通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展， 故推断这篇文章可能来源于报纸的文化部分。故选A。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 14 类型3 词义（组）猜测题（省卷：5年5考） 方法点拨1 根据上下文语境猜测词义 此类题型重点关注生词（组）前后的句意，联系上下文语境，分析 已知信息与生词（组）之间的关系，推断出生词（组）的词义，再结合 备选选项，推断出正确的答案。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 15 典例[2022昆明C节选] “After three years of learning, she still could not make any sound except terrible noises,” said Ha, who advised her daughter to give up the violin. But Ma said, “As I’ve been practicing so long, it’s hard to give up. I believe I will play better if I persist in practicing.” 59.What does the underlined phrase “persist in” probably mean in Paragraph 5? A.keep on B.end up C.take pride in D.look forward to 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 16 【思路点拨】根据画线单词所在句语境可知，她相信只要自己坚持练习， 就会弹得更好，故推测“persist in”意为“坚持”。故选A。 方法点拨2 通过生活常识猜测词义 文章中出现的有些生词，可以根据语境并结合科普知识或生活常识 来推测出生词（组）的词义。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 17 典例 [2022省卷B节选] The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace”. In Chinese myths, this is the home of Tian Di. Now Tiangong Space Station is a home for Chinese astronauts in space… 57.The underlined word “myths” in Paragraph 3 means “______” in Chinese. A.诗歌 B.神话 C.谚语 D.传记 【思路点拨】根据画线单词所在句下文语境及常识可推知，天帝是中国神 话传说中的人物，故推测“myths”意为“神话”。故选B。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 18 类型4 主旨大意题（省卷:5年3考） 方法点拨1 开门见山式 此类文章的主旨句一般在文章的开头，开门见山，直接提出主旨， 并在下文用细节来解释说明、论证以及发展主旨，再根据所给的备选选 项，选出最符合主旨的选项，确定正确答案。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 19 典例[2022省卷A节选] We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu? The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history… 55.The passage mainly talks about ______. A.the forms of folk music B.the history of the erhu C.the rise of different dynasties D.the development of Chinese instruments 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 20 方法点拨2 首尾呼应式 此类文章为了突出文章的主题，一般会在文章的开头提出主题，接 着在下文进行论证或阐述，并在结尾处再次点明主旨，升华主题。 【思路点拨】根据文章第一段内容可知，本文主要是围绕“什么是二胡” 这个话题展开的；再通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了二胡的起源和发展。 故选B。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 21 典例[2021昆明C节选] According to UNESCO, a large number of children in villages in some African countries like Kenya and Tanzania do not go to school. They have to work to make money for their family. And more than half of people in these countries live without electricity… Since 2018, this company has set up two Solar Cows in Kenya and one in Tanzania. The company also started to raise money for more Solar Cows to help the poor children in Africa. 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 22 60.What does this passage mainly talk about? A.Solar Cows have provided electricity for the schools. B.Some African children don’t go to school because they have to work. C.More than half of people in Kenya and Tanzania live without electricity. D.Solar Cows are solving two problems at the same time in some African countries. 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 23 【思路点拨】根据文章第一段内容可知，第一次提出在一些非洲国家没 有电以及一些儿童不能上学这两个问题，结尾处再次提到一个公司为这 些非洲的国家解决了用电难的问题。开头提出问题，结尾解决问题，首 尾呼应。故选D。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 24 类型5 标题归纳题（省卷：5年5考） 常见的设问方式： 1. Which can be the best title for the passage? 2. What is the best title for the passage? 3. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage? 4. Which of the following is probably the title? 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 25 方法点拨 紧扣中心词及高频词汇 此类试题需要注意文章中多次出现的高频词或被强调的中心词，以 及它们的同义表达和近义表达，由此推断出文章的主旨，再根据备选选 项，对比选项内容是否与作者的写作意图一致，从而推断出最佳标题。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 26 典例[2022省卷B节选] Wukong, Tiangong, Tianwen… Do you know where the names of Chinese space programs come from? … The name of the space station, Tiangong, means “Heavenly Palace” … 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 27 60.Which can be the best title for the passage? A.What Beautiful Names B.What a Cherished Star C.What Excellent Poems D.What a Long Journey 【思路点拨】文章中的高频词汇是有关“space programs”的内容，根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了太空项目名字的由来，再结合备选选项可知，A选项符合。故选A。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 28 类型6 数字计算题（省卷：5年1考） 方法点拨 信息转化数字 解答此类试题时，考生需根据题干要求，仔细阅读短文所给信息， 通过一系列计算，得出正确答案。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 29 典例[2021省卷B节选] ... Some restaurants may use the “N-1” mode for people to order dishes. “N” stands for the number of persons at a table. So if there are six people at your table, you should order just five dishes, which can help people control the amount of dishes in a proper way. 57.According to the “N-1” mode, if 9 persons plan to eat in the restaurant, they need to order ______ dishes. A.7 B.8 C.9 D.10 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 30 【思路点拨】根据题干中的“the ‘N-1’ mode”可定位到节选段落的最后 两句可知，“N-1”模型是指6个人可以点5个菜，再根据题干并结合文章 内容可计算出，9个人需要点8个菜。故选B。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 31 类型7 写作意图题（省卷：5年2考） 方法点拨 主旨推断法 主旨推断法需要考生先通读全文内容，找到主题句，推断文章的主 旨大意，从而掌握作者的写作意图。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 32 典例 [2019省卷B节选] ... One of the best ways to learn is to take action and learn from the results that you get from those actions. Don’t be afraid of not being perfect and just take the first step. You will go further than those who are still in preparation… 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 33 60.The purpose of the passage is ______. A.to tell us how to learn more B.to tell us how to be successful C.to talk about the importance of doing D.to talk about the importance of learning 【思路点拨】通读全文内容及节选段落的第一句可知，文章主要介绍了 学习和时间的关系，要在实践中学习，故推断文章的主要目的是告诉我 们实践的重要性。故选C。 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 34 话题1 事物介绍 Passage 1 [2022省卷A] We know many musical instruments well, such as pianos, violins, drums and so on. What about the erhu? The erhu is a traditional Chinese instrument. It is the most popular of the huqin family, and it has a long history. 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 35 The modern erhu developed from the xiqin, which was played by many ethnic minorities （少数民族）during the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, musicians began to use the erhu to perform different kinds of music, and it became quite a popular instrument. With the rise of some forms of folk art, the art of the erhu developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It became an important accompanying （伴奏） instrument in different folk music. At present, it is used in both traditional and modern music, such as in pop, rock 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 and jazz. It has even become a solo （独奏） instrument. One of the most famous musical pieces played on the erhu is Erquan Yingyue. As the erhu was mainly played by common people and the playing skills were passed down orally （口头地）, there are few written records about the erhu that can be found. To study the history and the development of the erhu, historians （历史学者） usually turn to ancient paintings. The earliest pictures of this instrument were found in Yulin Caves and Eastern Thousand Buddha Caves in Gansu Province, where five erhu pictures were discovered on murals （壁画）. 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 1.When did the erhu become a popular instrument? ___ A.In the Tang Dynasty. B.In the Song Dynasty. C.In the Ming Dynasty. D.In recent years. 2.To study the history of the erhu, historians usually ___. A.play the most famous erhu pieces B.listen to different kinds of folk music C.get help from ancient paintings D.read some books about ethnic minorities B C 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 38 3.Which is TRUE according to the passage? ___ A.The huqin belongs to the erhu family. B.Folk art stops the development of the erhu. C.People can find plenty of written records about the erhu. D.The erhu is used in both traditional and modern music now. D 4.You may read the passage in the ___ section of a newspaper. A.culture B.business C.health D.nature A 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 39 5.The passage mainly talks about ___. A.the forms of folk music B.the history of the erhu C.the rise of different dynasties D.the development of Chinese instruments B 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 40 Passage 2 [2022安徽改编] The Search-for-Lost-Birds list has come to public attention recently. It lists ten kinds of birds that have not been seen in the wild for at least fifteen years. The list is calling on people to search for the rarest birds on Earth. There could be several reasons for the long disappearances of the birds on the list. Maybe there have been no studies in areas where they live. Maybe people don’t know where or how to find them. Maybe there are changes to their natural homes because of human activities. This year, four expeditions （考察队） are planning to find eight kinds of birds. If any of these lost birds are found, ways can be found to protect them and help their populations grow. This has happened with birds like the Madagascar pochard. The number of this once- lost kind of bird is now increasing. 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 41 1.How many kinds of birds are on the Search-for-Lost-Birds list? ___ A.Four. B.Eight. C.Ten. D.Fifteen. C 2.The underlined word “rarest” in Paragraph 1 means “___” in Chinese. A.最简单的 B.最困难的 C.最可爱的 D.最珍稀的 D 3.You may read the passage in the ___ section of a newspaper. A.culture B.business C.health D.nature D 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 42 4.What can we learn about the Madagascar pochard? ___ A.It has not been found till now. B.It has a larger population than before. C.It needs to live close to humans. D.It provides protection for other birds. 5.Which can be the best title for the passage? ___ A.Ways to Raise Rare Birds B.Bird-lovers Around the World C.Searches for the Lost Birds D.Stories About Birds in the Wild B C 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 43 话题2 人物故事 Passage 1 [2022昆明C] For 16-year-old Ma Yifei, the violin performance of the Beijing 2022 Olympic theme song, Snowflake, was her best present for Paralympians （残奥运动员） all over the world. Even though snowflakes are related to winter, she let others feel warmth, hope and light through her performance. “I’m also disabled and I want to do something for them with my music,” said Ma. 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 44 Ma went blind at the age of two because of an illness. She became interested in music when she was young. She started to learn to play the piano at five and the violin at nine, experiencing the “colorful” music through sound and emotion. Ma’s mother Ha Chunyan, a former music teacher in a primary school, helped her memorize the music score （乐谱） before she played the piano. Ma could not see the keys and always played the wrong notes. It took her thousands of tries to play a piece correctly. 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 Learning the violin was more challenging. Ma needed to feel the teacher’s hands, arms and back to learn the movements, and listen to the strings（弦） over and over again to feel the muscles （肌肉） herself. “After three years of learning, she still could not make any sound except terrible noises,” said Ha, who advised her daughter to give up the violin. But Ma said, “As I’ve been practicing so long, it’s hard to give up. I believe I will play better if I persist in practicing.” In 2018, Ma got a chance to follow Sheng Yuan and Cao Yuhan, famous musicians from the Central Conservatory of Music, to study music in Beijing. She left her home in Ningxia to follow her musical dream, though she knew there would be more challenges ahead. Ma expressed her excitement about performing at the big event. “All my hard work has paid off. I’m proud of standing on the stage today.” 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 1.The violin performance made people feel ___. A.regret, hope and light B.fear, warmth and hope C.warmth, hope and light D.pity, warmth and light 2.How does the writer describe Ma’s difficulties in learning the violin? ___ A.By questioning. B.By listing numbers. C.By offering advice. D.By giving examples. C D 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 47 3.Which of the following is TRUE about Ma? ___ A.Ma began to learn to play the piano at nine. B.In 2018, Ma got a chance to study music in Beijing. C.It was more challenging for Ma to learn the piano than the violin. D.Ma could memorize the music score by herself before playing the piano. B 4.What does the underlined phrase “persist in” probably mean in Paragraph 5? ___ A.keep on B.end up C.take pride in D.look forward to A 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 48 5.Ma’s story tells us ___. A.old habits die hard B.there is no place like home C.practice makes perfect D.a good friend is like a mirror C 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 49 Passage 2 [2022丽水改编] When she was 14 years old, Remya Jose’s life was turned upside down by a family crisis （危机）. Remya lived in a small village in India. Her mother was ill and her father would have to spend his time caring for her. So she and her twin sister had to do most of the housework. To make things even more difficult, the Jose family couldn’t afford an electric washing machine. Instead, the two girls would have to do the washing all by 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 50 hand in the local river, and then carefully carry everything back to their home — a task that took several hours. Being a good student interested in engineering, Remya wanted to make a washing machine which could be used without electricity. She started studying electric washers to learn how they worked. Remya then designed （设计） a machine that used bicycle pedals （踏板） and chain. To find those items, she and her father went to a local auto shop. Workers there not only gave her the parts, but also helped her make the machine! 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 Here’s how the machine works: Remya used a cylinder （圆筒） to hold the clothes and put it in a cube （立方体）. Next, she connected the bicycle pedals and the chain to the cylinder. As Remya pushed the pedals with her legs, the cylinder cleaned the clothes just like a regular washing machine. Remya’s invention worked! She had created her own human- powered washing machine—and now a task that used to take several hours took only 30 minutes. Remya’s washing machine was chosen 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 from among 25,000 entries as India’s best innovation! She was given India’s National Award and honored by the nation’s former president. The story of this young woman’s creative invention spread around the world. “Remya Jose made a difference,” said Jeanine Thomas of The Borden Project, “Her invention saves time and money for the world’s poor. Her story shows that with creativity, one individual can improve the lives of many.” 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 1.What happened to Remya’s mother? ___ A.She was ill. B.She was badly hurt. C.She was dead. D.She lived alone. A 2.What was Remya and her twin sister’s main problem? ___ A.Their parents were too busy. B.They couldn’t get good education. C.Their home was far from the river. D.They spent much time washing clothes. D 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 54 3.What is the correct order to show how Remya solved the problem? ___ a. getting bicycle pedals and chains b. making a human-powered washer c. testing her machine by washing clothes d. studying how washing machines worked A.c-a-d-b B.d-b-a-c C.a-d-c-b D.d-a-b-c D 4.The underlined word “innovation” in Paragraph 5 means “___” in Chinese. A.奖赏 B.发明 C.想法 D.进程 B 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 55 5.According to Remya’s story, we can learn that ___. A.with help, an inventor can win great honor B.with kindness, one can save the lives of many C.with courage, a poor girl can change the world D.with creativity, one can make a great difference D 第二节 一般选择型阅读 卓文中考.加速度 英语 2023云南中考 56 $$