精品解析：山东省淄博市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末英语试题

参照秘密级管理★启用前 2023—2024学年度第一学期高二质量检测 英语 学校______ 姓名______ 准考证号______ 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。与在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the woman go to the party? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike. 2. When will the speakers probably get to the zoo? A. Around 7:00. B. Around 8:00. C. Around 9:00. 3. What does the man want to do? A. See a movie. B. Go to sleep C. Have a drink. 4. How much should the woman pay for exchanging $3000? A. $10. B. $15. C. $30. 5. What is the man’s problem? A. He has lost his car. B. He is unable to park. C. He is locked out of his car. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. Where to put things in the house. B. When to move to a new house. C. How to decorate the house. 7. What will the man give his parents? A. A clock B. A bookcase. C. A wooden chair. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the woman do this morning? A. She watered the plants. B. She packed her suitcase. C. She cleaned her house. 9. Why does the woman call the man? A. To give advice. B. To ask for help. C. To make an appointment. 10. Why will the man make a trip next week? A. For vacation. B. For study. C. For work. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What day is the woman’s busiest day of the week? A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday. 12. What does the woman like to do when listening to the lectures? A. Record the lectures. B. Take notes. C. Read books. 13. What does the man think of skimming a book? A. Important. B. Time-saving. C. Difficult. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Which class has no place now? A. Ballet. B. Yoga. C. Swimming. 15. When will the woman go to fitness classes if she joins? A. On Wednesdays. B. On Fridays. C. On Sundays. 16. Why does the man advise the woman to register online? A. The computer doesn’t work. B. The price is lower. C. It’s convenient. 17. How will the woman pay? A. By credit card. B. By phone. C. In cash. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What did the speaker study at university? A. Computing. B. Cartoon design. C. Art. 19. What is the speaker doing now to improve her work? A. Collecting stories. B. Learning acting. C. Doing a writing course. 20. How long does it take the speaker’s company to make a full-length film? A. Eight months. B. Sixteen months. C. Two years. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Registration for our winter online contest training classes is open! We offer 3 courses for combined levels 1-2, 3-4, 5-6 and 7-8. Course Streams Contest Courses are designed to cover contest questions and problem solving strategies that students may come across. Instruction will focus on the fundamentals of problem solving in fun and age-appropriate ways, as well as improving their skills in quickly judging how to solve a problem by recognizing its type. Enrichment Courses are designed for students who are comfortable in math concepts at their grade level and are looking for greater challenges and new ways to stimulate their interest in math. Coding Courses focus on exploring the relationship among math, algorithms (算法), and coding. Building on math knowledge, solving math puzzles, and learning key programming concepts, students code together to solve challenges and mini projects. Program Fees and Financial Support The regular fee is $17 and includes a free 60-minute training class if registered by February 25. The late fee is $25 from February 26 to the registration deadline on March 3rd. If you are unable to pay for the full program because you have been financially affected, please apply for a scholarship. Discounts and Refund Policy There will be discounts for group registrations ($2 discount per student for 20 participants, $3 discount for 30, $4 for 40). There will be no refunds/credits of contest fees under any circumstances. 1. What is the focus of Contest Courses? A. Decoding math puzzles. B. Improving math levels. C. Recognizing strategy types. D. Instructing basics and skills. 2. How much should 20 students pay for registration on February 24? A. $300. B. $340. C. $460. D. $500. 3. What can we know about the program? A. The courses are designed at the same level. B. A group of 10 students will get no discounts. C. Refunds will be received for cancellation. D. Any participant can apply for a scholarship. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文体裁为应用文。文章是关于冬季在线竞赛培训课程的招生启事。内容涵盖了课程介绍（包括竞赛课程、丰富课程、编程课程）、项目费用及财政支持信息（包括常规费用、逾期费用、奖学金申请）、折扣与退款政策等细节。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据Course Streams部分“Contest Courses are designed to cover contest questions and problem solving strategies that students may come across. Instruction will focus on the fundamentals of problem solving in fun and age-appropriate ways, as well as improving their skills in quickly judging how to solve a problem by recognizing its type. (竞赛课程旨在涵盖学生可能遇到的竞赛问题和解决问题的策略。教学将侧重于以有趣和适合年龄的方式解决问题的基本原理，以及提高他们通过识别问题的类型来快速判断如何解决问题的技能。)”可知，竞赛课程的重点是教授解题基础和技巧，以及通过识别问题类型来快速判断如何解决问题的技能。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Program Fees and Financial Support部分中的“The regular fee is $17 and includes a free 60-minute training class if registered by February 25. (常规费用为17美元，如果在2月25日之前注册，包括免费的60分钟培训课程。)”和Discounts and Refund Policy部分“There will be discounts for group registrations ($2 discount per student for 20 participants,$3 discount for 30, $4 for 40). (团体报名有折扣（20人每人2美元折扣，30人每人3美元折扣，40人每人4美元折扣）。)”可知，20名学生在2月24日注册可以享受每人减免2美元的优惠，即每人支付15美元。所以，20名学生的总费用为15*20=$300。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Discounts and Refund Policy部分中的“There will be discounts for group registrations ($2 discount per student for 20 participants,$3 discount for 30, $4 for 40). There will be no refunds/credits of contest fees under any circumstances.(团体报名有折扣（20人每人2美元折扣，30人每人3美元折扣，40人每人4美元折扣）。在任何情况下，比赛费用将不予退还/抵扣。)”可知，只有达到20名及以上参与者的团体才能享受折扣，10名学生组成的团体不符合折扣条件，故不会得到折扣，选项B正确，选项C错误。根据Course Streams部分中的“Enrichment Courses are designed for students who are comfortable in math concepts at their grade level and are looking for greater challenges and new ways to stimulate their interest in math. (强化课程是为那些在他们的年级水平上对数学概念感到舒适的学生而设计的，他们正在寻找更大的挑战和新的方法来激发他们的数学兴趣。)”可知，课程是针对不同级别设计的，选项A错误。根据Program Fees and Financial Support部分中的“ If you are unable to pay for the full program because you have been financially affected, please apply for a scholarship. (如果你因为经济上受到影响而无法支付全部费用，请申请奖学金。)”可知，并非任何参与者都能申请，选项D错误。故选B。 B This stamp belongs to a long-running series of postage stamps issued by the US. At first glance, Rachel Carson seems a slight figure among these giants. Physically, perhaps, she was — but she has turned out to be one of the most influential. As a child, Carson was fascinated by books and animals. Her first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941, but sold poorly. Her second book, The Sea Around Us, was published in 1951, which was a success. A greater success was to follow. The early 1950s were a time when technology was unquestioned. Man would iron out all the inconveniences of nature, and create an ever more convenient one for human world. One of the tools with which this would be achieved was DDT. Swiss chemist Paul Muller had won the 1948 Nobel Prize for discovering its capacity for killing insects, and the chemical was going to root out not just diseases related to insects like malaria (疟疾), but agricultural and household pests. But what about birds that ate the dying insects? Or the lasting effects of DDT in the atmosphere, once it had done its work? Voices were also being raised that DDT and other pesticides could cause cancer in humans. The more Carson explored these side-effects, the more convinced she became of their danger. She decided to write her next book about that, and, beyond it , the threat of other overused chemicals. Silent Spring — the title symbolizes a terrifying, birdless future — was published in 1962. It was the first book to bring awareness of what we now regard as ecological issues to the general public and “Book of the Month” in October that year. Scientists gave it favourable reviews. Chemical companies did not, attacking not just her arguments but her personality. She was accused of assisting the spread of malaria by supporting no pest control of any kind. By 1970, even President Nixon had come round to her point of view, setting up the US Environmental. Protection Agency. 4. What do the underlined words “iron out” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Give out. B. Put out. C. Take away. D. Clear away. 5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The inspiration of writing her book. B. The side-effects of DDT. C. The results of eating dying insects. D. The advantages of DDT. 6. What can we learn about the book Silent Spring? A. It gained wide support initially. B. It brought Carson amounts of profits. C. It aroused public awareness on ecology. D. It received violent attack from scientists. 7. What might be a suitable title for the text? A. The Book of the Month B. The Power of Words C. An Influential Biography D. A Fantastic Stamp 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了Rachel Carson如何通过她的书籍和言论对环境问题产生了深远的影响，特别是她的《寂静的春天》一书对公众生态意识的觉醒起到了重要作用。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文“create an ever more convenient one for human world. (为人类世界创造一个更加便利的环境。)”可知，人类将消除自然界的一切不便。由此可知，iron out意为“消除”。故选D。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“But what about birds that ate the dying insects? Or the lasting effects of DDT in the atmosphere, once it had done its work? Voices were also being raised that DDT and other pesticides could cause cancer in humans. The more Carson explored these side-effects, the more convinced she became of their danger. She decided to write her next book about that, and, beyond it, the threat of other overused chemicals. (但是那些吃垂死昆虫的鸟类呢?或者DDT在大气中的持久影响，一旦它完成了它的工作？滴滴涕和其他杀虫剂可能导致人类癌症的声音也越来越高。卡森对这些副作用研究得越多，她就越确信它们的危险。她决定写她的下一本书，除此之外，还有其他过度使用化学品的威胁。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了她写这本书的灵感。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It was the first book to bring awareness of what we now regard as ecological issues to the general public and “Book of the Month” in October that year. (这是第一本让公众意识到我们现在所说的生态问题的书，也是当年10月的“月度图书”。)”可知，《寂静的春天》唤起了公众的生态意识。故选C。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了Rachel Carson如何通过她的书籍和言论对环境问题产生了深远的影响，特别是她的《寂静的春天》一书对公众生态意识的觉醒起到了重要作用。因此，最符合文章主旨的标题是B项：“The Power of Words”（文字的力量）。故选B。 C One of the great diagnostic (诊断的) tools created in the last 30 years is the computed tomography (CT) scanner, which has been bettered over the years, with mobile capabilities. A CT scanner is a system that combines a series of X-ray images from different angles around the body and then uses a computer to create cross-sectional images. The results of the scan are ready within 15 to 30 minutes, enabling doctors to review and interpret the scan as soon as it is completed. It is important to note that fixed CT scanners are massive machines weighing up to 4, 000 kilograms that rely on high-voltage capacities and cooling machinery. However, there are some situations where fixed CT scanners are just too heavy to be used efficiently. This is where Mobile CT scanning units fit in: they bring the hospital to the patients. Mobile CT scanners are CT scanning systems on wheels meant to be moved easily from room to room. Over the years, the CT scanners technology improved and provided higher quality multi-functional imaging, while helping the transport to the patients point of care. When compared to fixed CT scanners, mobile CT’s were found to have very positive outcomes including: reduction in time of receiving diagnostic services; helping the patients’ recovery; reduction in total length of stay at the hospital; higher accuracy in patient management; as well as increased access and response to the patients’ needs. The possibility of risky events while transporting critically ill patients for CT imaging is as high as 71%. A key point is the mobile CT’s ability to perform imaging and to treat a patient without repositioning and by reducing the patients’ movements, which helps provide more accurate diagnosis. 8. What is stated in paragraph 2? A. The ways of scanning bones. B. The definition of an X-ray image. C. The preparation time of a scanner. D. The working principle of a CT scanner. 9. In paragraph 3, the author mentioned “they bring the hospital to the patients” to show ______. A. more hospitals are needed B. less people go to hospitals C. CT scans are more convenient D. scanning demands are increasing 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the mobile CT scanners? A. Objective. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. D. Unclear. 11. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? A. Staying in hospitals is becoming unnecessary. B. Patients shouldn’t be moved before having CT scans. C. Mobile CT scans can reduce negative incidents greatly. D. Doctors should pay more attention to managing patients. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍并强调移动CT仪的重要性和优势。 【8题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“A CT scanner is a system that combines a series of X-ray images from different angles around the body and then uses a computer to create cross-sectional images. The results of the scan are ready within 15 to 30 minutes, enabling doctors to review and interpret the scan as soon as it is completed.(CT扫描仪是一种系统，它将身体周围不同角度的一系列x射线图像组合在一起，然后使用计算机创建横截面图像。扫描结果在15到30分钟内准备好，使医生能够在扫描完成后立即检查和解释扫描结果。)”可知，第二段CT扫描仪的工作原理。故选D。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“However, there are some situations where fixed CT scanners are just too heavy to be used efficiently. This is where Mobile CT scanning units fit in: they bring the hospital to the patients. Mobile CT scanners are CT scanning systems on wheels meant to be moved easily from room to room.(然而，在某些情况下，固定CT扫描仪太重而无法有效使用。这就是移动CT扫描设备的用武之地：它们把医院带到病人身边。移动CT扫描仪是一种装有轮子的CT扫描系统，可以很容易地从一个房间移动到另一个房间。)”可知，在第3段中，作者提到“他们把医院带到病人面前”，以表明CT扫描更方便。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When compared to fixed CT scanners, mobile CT’s were found to have very positive outcomes including: reduction in time of receiving diagnostic services; helping the patients’ recovery; reduction in total length of stay at the hospital; higher accuracy in patient management; as well as increased access and response to the patients’ needs.( 与固定CT扫描仪相比，发现移动CT具有非常积极的结果，包括：减少接受诊断服务的时间；帮助患者康复；缩短住院总时间；提高患者管理的准确性；以及增加对患者需求的获取和响应。)”可知，作者在介绍移动CT扫描仪时，提到了它的多个优点，如减少患者接收诊断服务的时间、帮助患者恢复、提高患者管理的准确性等，这显示出作者对于移动CT扫描仪的支持态度。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When compared to fixed CT scanners, mobile CT’s were found to have very positive outcomes including: reduction in time of receiving diagnostic services; helping the patients’ recovery; reduction in total length of stay at the hospital; higher accuracy in patient management; as well as increased access and response to the patients’ needs.( 与固定CT扫描仪相比，发现移动CT具有非常积极的结果，包括：减少接受诊断服务的时间；帮助患者康复；缩短住院总时间；提高患者管理的准确性；以及增加对患者需求的获取和响应。)”和文章最后一段“The possibility of risky events while transporting critically ill patients for CT imaging is as high as 71%. A key point is the mobile CT’s ability to perform imaging and to treat a patient without repositioning and by reducing the patients’ movements, which helps provide more accurate diagnosis.(运送危重病人进行CT成像时发生危险事件的可能性高达71%。移动CT的一个关键点在于其成像和治疗病人的能力，无需重新定位和减少病人的运动，这有助于提供更准确的诊断。)”可推知，移动CT扫描可以大大减少负面事件。故选C。 D When we go about our daily routines, most of us are unaware that beneath our feet lies an outstandingly different community of plants, animals and microbes that makes up our soils. Soils are more than just “dirt” — they’re a major supply of global biodiversity, supporting agriculture and food security, controlling greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and promoting plant, animal and human health. Without them our world wouldn’t be the same. Soil is a living resource. Plants and animals above and below ground depend on the complex processes and interactions taking place in the soil and that enables life on earth. Plants nurture a whole world of creatures in the soil, which in turn feeds and protects the plants. Fighting loss of soil biodiversity is key to global food security and the achievement of more than half of the Sustainable Development Goals. Soil biodiversity plays a vital role in the soil ecosystem as soil organisms (有机体) are responsible for nutrient cycling, controlling the dynamics (有机质) of soil organic matter and greenhouse gas emissions, allowing soils to function properly. Soil biodiversity plays a central role in preserving human health through a range of pathways including water purification, climate stabilization, nutrient and food security. To prevent and minimize soil biodiversity loss, farmers and other land users can adopt sustainable soil management practices. Limiting waste by recycling and reusing will minimize the chances of soil pollution and therefore protect soil biodiversity. Governments should invest in gathering better knowledge about the importance of soil biodiversity and functions, including by region and land cover type. Everyone can provide opportunities to support soil biodiversity around you by protecting insects and the surroundings and allowing branches and leaves to rot naturally. 12. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. The routines. B. The creatures. C. The soils. D. The emissions. 13. What role does soil biodiversity play in the ecosystem? A. Providing nutrients to keep the soil healthy. B. Securing food supply to feed more people. C. Improving the human immune system. D. Stopping greenhouse gas emissions. 14. What can be done to stop soil biodiversity loss? A. Purifying water. B. Encouraging recycling. C. Grading the lands. D. Speeding up organisms’ rotting. 15. What does the author suggest readers do? A. Be involved in soil protecting. B. Keep the balance of biodiversity. C Make full use of soil resources. D. Be aware of the existence of soils. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文属于说明文。文章介绍了土壤的重要性，强调了土壤生物多样性的关键作用，以及保护土壤生物多样性的必要性和方法。文中通过阐述土壤生态系统的功能、土壤对全球食物安全和可持续发展目标的贡献，以及个人和政府可以采取的保护措施，旨在提高公众对土壤保护意识和参与度。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第一段“When we go about our daily routines, most of us are unaware that beneath our feet lies an outstandingly different community of plants, animals and microbes that makes up our soils. Soils are more than just “dirt” —they’re a major supply of global biodiversity, supporting agriculture and food security, controlling greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and promoting plant, animal and human health. Without them our world wouldn’t be the same. (当我们进行日常生活时，我们大多数人都没有意识到，在我们脚下是一个由植物、动物和微生物组成的截然不同的群落，它们构成了我们的土壤。土壤不仅仅是“泥土”——它们是全球生物多样性的主要来源，支持农业和粮食安全，控制温室气体排放，促进植物、动物和人类健康。没有他们，我们的世界就不一样了。)”可知，划线词them前介绍了土壤的重要性，没有土壤，我们的世界就不一样了。them指代的是前文提到的“soils（土壤）”。A. The routines常规；B. The creatures生物；C. The soils土壤；D. The emissions排放。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“Soil biodiversity plays a vital role in the soil ecosystem as soil organisms (有机体) are responsible for nutrient cycling, controlling the dynamics (有机质) of soil organic matter and greenhouse gas emissions, allowing soils to function properly. Soil biodiversity plays a central role in preserving human health through a range of pathways including water purification, climate stabilization, nutrient and food security. (土壤生物多样性在土壤生态系统中起着至关重要的作用，因为土壤生物负责养分循环，控制土壤有机质和温室气体排放的动态，使土壤正常运作。土壤生物多样性通过水净化、气候稳定、营养和粮食安全等一系列途径，在维护人类健康方面发挥着核心作用。)”可知，土壤生物多样性在生态系统中起着至关重要的作用，包括营养循环、控制土壤有机质动态和温室气体排放，以及维持土壤正常功能。选项A“Providing nutrients to keep the soil healthy. (提供养分以保持土壤健康。)”最能概括其作用。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“Limiting waste by recycling and reusing will minimize the chances of soil pollution and therefore protect soil biodiversity. (通过回收和再利用来限制废物将最大限度地减少土壤污染的机会，从而保护土壤生物多样性。)”可知，通过回收再利用，从而保护土壤生物多样性，所以要鼓励回收利用。故选B。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Everyone can provide opportunities to support soil biodiversity around you by protecting insects and the surroundings and allowing branches and leaves to rot naturally. (每个人都可以提供机会，通过保护昆虫和周围环境，让树枝和叶子自然腐烂，来支持你周围的土壤生物多样性。)”可知，作者建议读者参与到保护土壤的行动中来。故选A。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Kindness gives me a boost, mentally and physically, which is not just beneficial for the receiver, but also for the giver. If someone really loves the gift you’ve chosen for them, the pleasure of giving can be even stronger than that of receiving. But such feelings don’t always sit comfortably with us. ____16____ Traditionally, it is tied up with beliefs of self sacrifice (牺牲) and putting other people’s welfare ahead of your own. Indeed. some researchers argue that a key element is that the person performing the act must give up something in order to help someone else. ____17____ If I give up my seat to an older person on a crowded tube, she ends up sitting and I standing. I’ve lost out by my kindness. Similarly, if you give up several hours to volunteer, you are sacrificing time to help others. ____18____ Yet when I offer my seat, or you volunteer your time, we tend to feel a warm glow of self-satisfaction. ____19____ We can act kindly now, even if it’s at some cost to us, in the knowledge that at some point in the future someone will act in a kind way towards us when we need help. Reciprocity (互惠) has helped humans to work together, survive for many thousands of years. ____20____ Rather, it is a shared, two-way devotion. Only in extreme situations does kindness involve the complete or near complete self sacrifice, such as when people risk their life to save the lives of others. And even in these situations, if the heroes survive, they can personally gain from their action through a huge improvement to their reputation. A. This may physically be the case. B. Kindness isn’t simply an activity. C. Shouldn’t true kindness be selfless? D. We can also benefit through interactions. E. You are not directly benefiting from your kindness. F. This requires effort and isn’t always fully appreciated. G. Why not value the advantages we gain from our kindness? 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. E 19. D 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了善良行为对于施与者和接受者都有益处，提倡在评估善良行为时不仅要考虑牺牲与回报的平衡，还要重视善良行为本身带来的心理和社会效益。 【16题详解】 根据上文的“If someone really loves the gift you’ve chosen for them, the pleasure of giving can be even stronger than that of receiving. But such feelings don’t always sit comfortably with us.(如果有人真的喜欢你为他们选择的礼物，那么给予的快乐甚至比接受的快乐更强烈。但这种感觉并不总是让我们感到舒服)”和下文的“Traditionally, it is tied up with beliefs of self sacrifice and putting other people’s welfare ahead of your own. Indeed. some researchers argue that a key element is that the person performing the act must give up something in order to help some one else. (传统上，它与自我牺牲的信念和把别人的利益放在自己的利益之前联系在一起。确实。一些研究人员认为，一个关键因素是，实施行为的人必须放弃一些东西来帮助其他人)”可知，C项(真正的善良不应该是无私的吗？)承接上文，针对人们在付出时会感到吃亏了，从而不舒服提出问题，指出做好事应该不求回报，下文继续进行说明这一点，故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据上文的“Traditionally, it is tied up with beliefs of self sacrifice and putting other people’s welfare ahead of your own. Indeed. some researchers argue that a key element is that the person performing the act must give up something in order to help some one else. (传统上，它与自我牺牲的信念和把别人的利益放在自己的利益之前联系在一起。确实。一些研究人员认为，一个关键因素是，实施善意行为的人必须放弃一些东西来帮助其他人)”和下文的“If I give up my seat to an older person on a crowded tube, she ends up sitting and I standing. I’ve lost out by my kindness. Similarly, if you give up several hours to volunteer, you are sacrificing time to help others.(如果我在拥挤的地铁上给一位老人让座，结果是她坐着而我站着。我的好心让我吃亏了。同样，如果你放弃自己几个小时的时间做志愿者，你也牺牲了时间去帮助别人)”可知，A项(这可能是实际情况。)承接上文，肯定了上文的说法，即做好事是需要付出的，下文举了两个实例进行具体说明。故选A项。 【18题详解】 根据上文的“If I give up my seat to an older person on a crowded tube, she ends up sitting and I standing. I’ve lost out by my kindness. Similarly, if you give up several hours to volunteer, you are sacrificing time to help others.(如果我在拥挤的地铁上给一位老人让座，结果是她坐着而我站着。我的好心让我吃亏了。同样，如果你放弃自己几个小时的时间做志愿者，你也牺牲了时间去帮助别人)”可知，E项(你并没有直接受益于你的善良。)承接上文，说明了做好事需要付出，却没有得到回报。故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据上文的“Yet when I offer my seat, or you volunteer your time, we tend to feel a warm glow of self-satisfaction. (然而，当我让座，或者你自愿提供时间时，我们往往会感到一种自我满足的温暖)”和下文的“We can act kindly now, even if it’s at some cost to us, in the knowledge that at some point in the future someone will act in a kind way towards us when we need help. Reciprocity has helped humans to work together, survive for many thousands of years.(我们现在就可以友善地行动，即使要付出一些代价，因为我们知道，在未来的某个时刻，当我们需要帮助的时候，有人会以一种友善的方式对待我们。互惠帮助人类合作，从而生存了几千年)”可知，D项(我们也可以通过互动获益。)承接上文，说明了人们彼此帮助会带来好处，下文指出了好处所在，人们的合作才使得人们人类发展至今。故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据下文的“Rather, it is a shared, two-way devotion. Only in extreme situations does kindness involve the complete or near complete self sacrifice, such as when people risk their life to save the lives of others. And even in these situations, if the heroes survive, they can personally gain from their action through a huge improvement to their reputation.(在某种程度上，这是一种共享的、双向的奉献。只有在极端情况下，善良才会包括完全或近乎完全的自我牺牲，比如当人们冒着生命危险去拯救别人的生命时。即使在这些情况下，如果英雄们幸存下来，他们也可以从他们的行动中获得巨大的声誉提升)”可知，B项(善良不仅仅是一项活动。)引出下文对善良的更深入的评价，指出善良带来的好处。故选B项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In Lulea, a city in northern Sweden, the sun only shines around three hours a day in the winter months. People tend to ____21____ warm at home and that can be very lonely. To help ____22____ winter loneliness, the local government is asking everyone to just say ____23____ to each other. Asa Koski, a city official, ____24____ the idea. She wants the city to be a friendlier, and less lonely place for the ____25____. “We don’t just want that our city is going to grow as a ____26____ itself; we want it to be a pleasant, safe and friendly city as well where there’s ____27____, leisure activities and sport,” Koski told The Guardian. She added that being seen and ____28____ by strangers makes you feel like you belong. “The research shows that it has a great ____29____ on health and often an effect on wanting to help each other,” Koski said. The new campaign is a simple way to ____30____ lonely people, but for a country known for people being reserved, it is a very big ____31____. To encourage people to say “hi”, the proposal is now being ____32____ on buses, in schools, and even workshops. ____33____, more and more people are becoming to realize the importance of greeting. These connections make people feel more ____34____ and secure in their communities, reduce the problem of loneliness, and make ____35____ with neighbors less likely. 21. A. turn B. start C. stay D. become 22. A. fight B. challenge C. seek D. survive 23. A. yes B. goodbye C. sorry D. hello 24. A. kept up with B. came up with C. caught up with D. put up with 25. A. families B. scholars C. residents D. governors 26. A. city B. restaurant C. library D. home 27. A. nature B. knowledge C. literature D. culture 28. A. visited B. greeted C. helped D. offended 29. A. decision B. burden C. impact D. impression 30. A. connect B. recognize C. introduce D. remember 31. A. tool B. method C. fact D. step 32. A. proved B. advertised C. recorded D. believed 33. A. Similarly B. Obviously C. Gradually D. Generally 34. A. acknowledged B. realized C. confirmed D. abandoned 35. A. performance B. adventure C. failure D. conflict 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了瑞典北部城市Lulea在冬季日照极短的情况下，如何通过政府发起的问候运动来缓解居民孤独感的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们倾向于呆在家里取暖，这可能会非常孤独。A. turn转变；B. start开始；C. stay保持；D. become成为。根据后文“and that can be very lonely”可知，空处指冬天人们待在家保暖，stay warm 表示“保持温暖”。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助对抗冬季的孤独感，当地政府要求每个人互相问候。A. fight战斗，对抗；B. challenge挑战；C. seek寻找；D. survive生存。根据后文“winter loneliness”可知，空处指对抗孤独感。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助对抗冬季的孤独感，当地政府要求每个人互相问候。A. yes是的；B. goodbye再见；C. sorry对不起；D. hello你好。根据后文第四段中“To encourage people to say “hi””可知，空处指政府鼓励人们相互问候，打招呼。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：市政府官员Asa Koski提出了这个想法。A. kept up with跟上；B. came up with提出；C. caught up with赶上；D. put up with忍受。根据后文“She wants the city to be a friendlier, and less lonely place”可知，空处指Asa Koski提出了这个想法。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她希望这个城市对居民来说是一个更友好、更少孤独的地方。A. families家庭；B. scholars学者；C. residents居民；D. governors统治者。根据上文“the local government is asking everyone”可知，空处指希望城市对所有居民更友好。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不只是希望我们的城市作为一个城市本身能够发展；我们希望它成为一个宜人、安全、友好的城市，那里有文化、休闲活动和运动。A. city城市；B. restaurant餐馆；C. library图书馆；D. home家。根据前文“our city is going to grow as”及后文“itself”可知，空处指城市本身的发展。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不只是希望我们的城市作为一个城市本身能够发展；我们希望它成为一个宜人、安全、友好的城市，那里有文化、休闲活动和运动。A. nature自然；B. knowledge知识；C. literature文学；D. culture文化。根据后文“leisure activities and sport”可知，空处与后文并列列举城市应具备的多种特质，culture符合语境，指城市的文化。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她补充说，被陌生人看见和问候会让你觉得你是属于这里的。A. visited访问；B. greeted问候；C. helped帮助；D. offended冒犯。根据后文第四段中“To encourage people to say “hi””可知，空处指被陌生人问候。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Koski说：“研究表明，这对健康有很大的影响，而且常常会影响人们想要互相帮助的愿望。”A. decision决定；B. burden负担；C. impact影响；D. impression印象。根据后文“an effect on”可知，空处指研究表明相互问候对健康有很大影响，impact与effect意思相近，have an impact on表示“对……有影响”。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这项新运动是连接孤独人群的一个简单方法，但对于一个以人们保守著称的国家来说，这是一个非常大的步骤。A. connect连接；B. recognize认出；C. introduce介绍；D. remember记住。根据后文最后一段中“These connections make people feel”可知，空处指这项倡议旨在连接孤独的人们。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于一个以人们保守著称的国家来说，这是一个非常大的步骤。A. tool工具；B. method方法；C. fact事实；D. step步骤，措施。根据前文“but for a country known for people being reserved”可知，空处指对于一个国民性格内敛的国家，这样的倡议是一个大的步骤。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了鼓励人们说“你好”，这项提议现在正在公交车上、学校里，甚至在研讨会上进行宣传。A. proved证明；B. advertised宣传；C. recorded记录；D. believed相信。根据后文“on buses, in schools, and even workshops”可知，空处指政府通过各种渠道宣传这一倡议。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：渐渐地，越来越多的人开始意识到问候的重要性。A. Similarly相似地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Generally通常地。根据后文“more and more people are becoming to realize the importance of greeting”可知，空处指越来越多人意识到问候的重要性，这种认识是逐渐形成的。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些联系让人们在社区中感到更加被认可和安全，减少了孤独问题，并使与邻居发生冲突的可能性降低。A. acknowledged承认，认可；B. realized实现；C. confirmed确认；D. abandoned放弃。根据前文“makes you feel like you belong”后文“secure in their communities, reduce the problem of loneliness”可知，空处指人们通过相互问候增加了人们的归属感和安全感，感受到更多的被社会认可的感觉。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些联系让人们在社区中感到更加被认可和安全，减少了孤独问题，并使与邻居发生冲突的可能性降低。A. performance表现；B. adventure冒险；C. failure失败；D. conflict冲突。根据前文“These connections”及“secure in their communities, reduce the problem of loneliness”可知，空处指邻里之间的良好关系减少了冲突的可能性。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the coastal wetlands by the Yellow Sea in Eastern China, you’ll notice a strange-looking Milu deer ____36____ (walk) around. It has a head shaped like a horse, giant antlers (角) like a deer, hooves (蹄子) like a cow, ____37____ the tail of a donkey. The fact ____38____ they have now returned to China is the result of a remarkable century-old animal protection cooperation between two countries. Studies have found that the Milu deer were once common in eastern China, but by the nineteenth century, their numbers ____39____ (drop) sharply. Most of the Milu deer were raised in the Emperor’s hunting grounds outside Beijing. The Europeans ____40____ came to China at the time believed the species to be very rare and many were taken back to Europe. When the Emperor’s hunting grounds were destroyed by ____41____ heavy flooding, the Milu deer were lost, never to be seen in the area again. Luckily, a Duke in Britain gave shelter to 18 of these fortunate Milu deer, where they were well taken care of. During the mid-1980s, the Chinese government hoped the species could ____42____ (restore) in China once again. In 1986, there were 39 of the Milu deer ____43____ (fly) to China from Britain to their ancestral home in Dafeng County in Jiangsu province. After two decades, the Milu deer population in China has ____44____ (dramatic) increased to over 5000. Today, there is no longer any fears for their _____45_____ (survive) in their homeland. 【答案】36. walking 37. and 38. that 39. had dropped 40. who##that 41. a 42. be restored 43. flown 44. dramatically 45. survival 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述麋鹿（Milu deer）在中国东部黄海沿岸湿地的重新引入和繁衍情况，以及这一成就背后所体现的中英两国之间长达一个世纪的动物保护合作。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国东部黄海沿岸的湿地上，你会注意到一只长相奇怪的麋鹿走来走去。notice sb./sth. doing sth.为固定搭配，表示“注意到某人/某物正在做某事”，因此应该使用现在分词walking作为宾语补足语，来描述Milu deer的动作。故填walking。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：它有一个像马一样的头，像鹿一样的大角，像牛一样的蹄，和驴一样的尾巴。句子中列举了麋鹿的四个特点，这四个特点是并列关系，因此需要使用并列连词and来连接。故填and。 【38题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：他们现在回到中国的事实，是两国之间长达一个世纪、令人瞩目的动物保护合作的结果。“________they have now returned to China”为同位语从句，用来解释说明前面的名词“the fact”，从句不缺成分，且引导词没有含义，需用连接词that。故填that。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：研究发现，麋鹿曾经在中国东部很常见，但到了19世纪，它们的数量急剧下降。根据时间状语“by the nineteenth century”可知，此处使用过去完成时，表示“过去的过去”。故填had dropped。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当时来到中国的欧洲人认为这种物种非常罕见，许多被带回了欧洲。空处引导定语从句，先行词The Europeans，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：当皇帝的猎场被一场大洪水摧毁时，麋鹿消失了，再也没有在这个地区出现过。flooding为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且heavy发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 【42题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：在20世纪80年代中期，中国政府希望该物种能够再次在中国恢复。the species和restore为被动关系，需用被动语态，位于情态动词could后面，使用动词原形。故填be restored。 43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1986年，有39只麋鹿从英国空运到中国，回到它们在江苏省大丰县的祖籍地。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，39 of the Milu deer和fly为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填flown。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：二十年后，中国的麋鹿数量急剧增加到5000多只。修饰动词has increased需用副词dramatically，作状语。故填dramatically。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：今天，人们不再担心他们在祖国的生存。空处需填名词survival，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填survival。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你校举办了一系列的冬日健身活动，掀起了健身热潮。请你为校报英语专栏写一篇报道。内容包括： 1.活动概况； 2.活动意义。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Last week witnessed a series of winter fitness activities, which sparked enthusiasm for exercise among students. During school breaks events like long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. Engaged in these activities, students jumped and ran vigorously in the stadium or on the playground, which aroused our passion for sports and fostered our friendship. These colorful sports activities greatly improved our physical health, academic focus and enhanced teamwork spirits, creating a lively and joyful atmosphere for the winter campus. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文。要求考生为校报英语专栏写一篇报道，介绍上周学校举办的一系列的冬日健身活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 一系列的：a series of→a sequence of 参加：engage in→participate in 令人愉快的：joyful→pleasant 加强：enhance→strengthen 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：During school breaks, events like long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. 拓展句：During school breaks, events which included long-distance racing, rope skipping, badminton, and basketball were held separately. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Last week witnessed a series of winter fitness activities, which sparked enthusiasm for exercise among students.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句） [高分句型2] These colorful sports activities greatly improved our physical health, academic focus and enhanced teamwork spirits, creating a lively and joyful atmosphere for the winter campus.（运用了现在分词作状语） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Rani jumped off the school bus. Splash! She landed right in the muddy rainwater. It had been a Friday full of disasters. Angry thoughts boiled inside Rani’s head as she marched home in the rain. Why did she have to forget her raincoat back home? Why did she have to risk taking the school bus back home? Why did her hair have to wave up like a giant cotton candy balloon just when she wanted it to behave? Why, why, why, fumed (烦恼) Rani as she turned the backdoor key. “Rani, is that you?” Mama called from the family room. Suddenly Rani’s cousins, Amit and Sumit, came charging toward her. “How many eggs does Rani have in that nest on her head?” laughed Amit “Let me get them off Rani’s head!” shouted Sumit. This was really too much. Rani was upset. She fled out of the door, down the driveway, and back up the road she’d walked down minutes before. Angry as Ran I was, she knew that she should calm down. Without noticing, she walked behind a green curtain of lush (茂盛的) bamboo. Tearing through the wild growth, she made her way down a narrow mud path into a clearing. She threw her schoolbag on the ground and breathed hard. Lying on her schoolbag, she bitterly remembered the hours, days, and weeks she had spent trying to soften her hair from using her grandmother’s special mixture of coconut to washing it with Sunsilk shampoo—but in vain. Before long, the tiring day caught up with Rani, and she fell into sleep. “Rani! Raa—aani!” Rani woke up to Mama’s calls. She lifted her head from her knees. She wandered absently around the bamboo overlooking her house. Rani hugged herself, making no response. “I still need time to calm down,” she told herself, “Amit and Sumit shouldn’t have made fun of me.” Alone in her secret hideout, Rani watched the shadows get longer and begin to disappear as dusk fell. Suddenly the leaves rustled (沙沙作响). 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Someone was making its way towards her. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Rani! Here you are . Mama said relievedly ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Someone was making its way towards her. Rani froze. A shiver went down her spine. She crouched lower, not daring to move a muscle. At that moment, she began to regret not answering her mother’s call. She wished she was in her own warm home. The leaves parted, and a dark form stepped into the clearing. Rani’s heart leapt with fear. She opened her mouth to scream. The next moment Mama was kneeling next to her. “Rani! Here you are!” Mama said relievedly. Relief and joy flooded through Rani. She flung her arms around Mama and clung to her. “What are you doing here?” Mama asked. “Everyone’s been looking all over the place for you. Come, let’ s go home.” Rani shook her head. A lone tear slid down her cheek. “What’ s wrong, my child?” Mama asked gently. More tears streamed down her face. “I hate my hair!” Mama sighed and hugged Rani rubbing her back smoothly and said, “Your hair is beautiful. It’s so distinct and striking. Just be yourself.” 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述了Rani因为一系列不如意的事情而心情低落，特别是她因为忘记带雨衣而被雨淋湿，以及她因为头发无法控制而感到沮丧。在遭受家人和表弟的嘲笑后，她逃到了一个秘密的藏身之处，试图平复自己的情绪。然而，尽管她试图冷静下来，但她仍然对表弟的嘲笑感到愤怒。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段首句内容“有人朝她走来。”可知，第一段可描写Rani害怕的心理并解释来的人是谁。 ②由第二段首句内容““Rani！给你！””可知，第二段了描写妈妈安慰Rani的过程以及Rani的反应。 2.续写线索：感到害怕和后悔——妈妈跪在她身边——妈妈安慰Rani——Rani哭泣——妈妈鼓励Rani 3.词汇激活 行类 尖叫：scream→screech 走进：step into/walk into 拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 温柔地：gently/tenderly 引人注目的：striking/remarkable 【点睛】[高分句型1] She crouched lower, not daring to move a muscle.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2] She wished she was in her own warm home.（运用了省略了that的宾语从句） 听力1-5 BCBCC 6-10 AABBC 11-15 CABAB 16-20 ACCBA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 参照秘密级管理★启用前 2023—2024学年度第一学期高二质量检测 英语 学校______ 姓名______ 准考证号______ 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。与在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the woman go to the party? A. By car. B. By bus. C. By bike. 2. When will the speakers probably get to the zoo? A. Around 7:00. B. Around 8:00. C. Around 9:00. 3. What does the man want to do? A. See a movie. B. Go to sleep C. Have a drink. 4. How much should the woman pay for exchanging $3000? A. $10. B. $15. C. $30. 5. What is the man’s problem? A. He has lost his car. B. He is unable to park. C. He is locked out of his car. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers talking about? A. Where to put things in the house. B. When to move to a new house. C. How to decorate the house. 7. What will the man give his parents? A. A clock B. A bookcase. C. A wooden chair. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What did the woman do this morning? A. She watered the plants. B. She packed her suitcase. C. She cleaned her house. 9. Why does the woman call the man? A. To give advice. B. To ask for help. C. To make an appointment. 10. Why will the man make a trip next week? A. For vacation. B. For study. C. For work. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What day is the woman’s busiest day of the week? A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday. 12. What does the woman like to do when listening to the lectures? A. Record the lectures. B. Take notes. C. Read books. 13. What does the man think of skimming a book? A. Important. B. Time-saving. C. Difficult. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14 Which class has no place now? A. Ballet. B. Yoga. C. Swimming. 15. When will the woman go to fitness classes if she joins? A. On Wednesdays. B. On Fridays. C. On Sundays. 16. Why does the man advise the woman to register online? A. The computer doesn’t work. B. The price is lower. C. It’s convenient. 17. How will the woman pay? A. By credit card. B. By phone. C. In cash. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What did the speaker study at university? A. Computing. B. Cartoon design. C. Art. 19. What is the speaker doing now to improve her work? A. Collecting stories. B. Learning acting. C. Doing a writing course. 20. How long does it take the speaker’s company to make a full-length film? A. Eight months. B. Sixteen months. C. Two years. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Registration for our winter online contest training classes is open! We offer 3 courses for combined levels 1-2, 3-4, 5-6 and 7-8. Course Streams Contest Courses are designed to cover contest questions and problem solving strategies that students may come across. Instruction will focus on the fundamentals of problem solving in fun and age-appropriate ways, as well as improving their skills in quickly judging how to solve a problem by recognizing its type. Enrichment Courses are designed for students who are comfortable in math concepts at their grade level and are looking for greater challenges and new ways to stimulate their interest in math Coding Courses focus on exploring the relationship among math, algorithms (算法), and coding. Building on math knowledge, solving math puzzles, and learning key programming concepts, students code together to solve challenges and mini projects. Program Fees and Financial Support The regular fee is $17 and includes a free 60-minute training class if registered by February 25. The late fee is $25 from February 26 to the registration deadline on March 3rd. If you are unable to pay for the full program because you have been financially affected, please apply for a scholarship. Discounts and Refund Policy There will be discounts for group registrations ($2 discount per student for 20 participants, $3 discount for 30, $4 for 40). There will be no refunds/credits of contest fees under any circumstances. 1. What is the focus of Contest Courses? A. Decoding math puzzles. B. Improving math levels. C. Recognizing strategy types. D. Instructing basics and skills. 2. How much should 20 students pay for registration on February 24? A. $300. B. $340. C. $460. D. $500. 3. What can we know about the program? A. The courses are designed at the same level. B. A group of 10 students will get no discounts. C. Refunds will be received for cancellation. D. Any participant can apply for a scholarship. B This stamp belongs to a long-running series of postage stamps issued by the US. At first glance, Rachel Carson seems a slight figure among these giants. Physically, perhaps, she was — but she has turned out to be one of the most influential. As a child, Carson was fascinated by books and animals. Her first book, Under the Sea Wind, was published in 1941, but sold poorly. Her second book, The Sea Around Us, was published in 1951, which was a success. A greater success was to follow. The early 1950s were a time when technology was unquestioned. Man would iron out all the inconveniences of nature, and create an ever more convenient one for human world. One of the tools with which this would be achieved was DDT. Swiss chemist Paul Muller had won the 1948 Nobel Prize for discovering its capacity for killing insects, and the chemical was going to root out not just diseases related to insects like malaria (疟疾), but agricultural and household pests. But what about birds that ate the dying insects? Or the lasting effects of DDT in the atmosphere, once it had done its work? Voices were also being raised that DDT and other pesticides could cause cancer in humans. The more Carson explored these side-effects, the more convinced she became of their danger. She decided to write her next book about that, and, beyond it , the threat of other overused chemicals. Silent Spring — the title symbolizes a terrifying, birdless future — was published in 1962. It was the first book to bring awareness of what we now regard as ecological issues to the general public and “Book of the Month” in October that year. Scientists gave it favourable reviews. Chemical companies did not, attacking not just her arguments but her personality. She was accused of assisting the spread of malaria by supporting no pest control of any kind. By 1970, even President Nixon had come round to her point of view, setting up the US Environmental. Protection Agency. 4. What do the underlined words “iron out” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Give out. B. Put out. C. Take away. D. Clear away. 5. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. The inspiration of writing her book. B. The side-effects of DDT. C. The results of eating dying insects. D. The advantages of DDT. 6. What can we learn about the book Silent Spring? A. It gained wide support initially. B. It brought Carson amounts of profits. C. It aroused public awareness on ecology. D. It received violent attack from scientists. 7. What might be a suitable title for the text? A. The Book of the Month B. The Power of Words C. An Influential Biography D. A Fantastic Stamp C One of the great diagnostic (诊断的) tools created in the last 30 years is the computed tomography (CT) scanner, which has been bettered over the years, with mobile capabilities. A CT scanner is a system that combines a series of X-ray images from different angles around the body and then uses a computer to create cross-sectional images. The results of the scan are ready within 15 to 30 minutes, enabling doctors to review and interpret the scan as soon as it is completed. It is important to note that fixed CT scanners are massive machines weighing up to 4, 000 kilograms that rely on high-voltage capacities and cooling machinery. However, there are some situations where fixed CT scanners are just too heavy to be used efficiently. This is where Mobile CT scanning units fit in: they bring the hospital to the patients. Mobile CT scanners are CT scanning systems on wheels meant to be moved easily from room to room. Over the years, the CT scanners technology improved and provided higher quality multi-functional imaging, while helping the transport to the patients point of care. When compared to fixed CT scanners, mobile CT’s were found to have very positive outcomes including: reduction in time of receiving diagnostic services; helping the patients’ recovery; reduction in total length of stay at the hospital; higher accuracy in patient management; as well as increased access and response to the patients’ needs. The possibility of risky events while transporting critically ill patients for CT imaging is as high as 71%. A key point is the mobile CT’s ability to perform imaging and to treat a patient without repositioning and by reducing the patients’ movements, which helps provide more accurate diagnosis. 8. What is stated in paragraph 2? A. The ways of scanning bones. B. The definition of an X-ray image. C. The preparation time of a scanner. D. The working principle of a CT scanner. 9. In paragraph 3 the author mentioned “they bring the hospital to the patients” to show ______. A. more hospitals are needed B. less people go to hospitals C. CT scans are more convenient D. scanning demands are increasing 10. What is the author’s attitude towards the mobile CT scanners? A. Objective. B. Supportive. C. Indifferent. D. Unclear. 11. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs? A. Staying in hospitals is becoming unnecessary. B. Patients shouldn’t be moved before having CT scans. C. Mobile CT scans can reduce negative incidents greatly. D Doctors should pay more attention to managing patients. D When we go about our daily routines, most of us are unaware that beneath our feet lies an outstandingly different community of plants, animals and microbes that makes up our soils. Soils are more than just “dirt” — they’re a major supply of global biodiversity, supporting agriculture and food security, controlling greenhouse gas emissions (排放) and promoting plant, animal and human health. Without them our world wouldn’t be the same. Soil is a living resource. Plants and animals above and below ground depend on the complex processes and interactions taking place in the soil and that enables life on earth. Plants nurture a whole world of creatures in the soil, which in turn feeds and protects the plants. Fighting loss of soil biodiversity is key to global food security and the achievement of more than half of the Sustainable Development Goals. Soil biodiversity plays a vital role in the soil ecosystem as soil organisms (有机体) are responsible for nutrient cycling, controlling the dynamics (有机质) of soil organic matter and greenhouse gas emissions, allowing soils to function properly. Soil biodiversity plays a central role in preserving human health through a range of pathways including water purification, climate stabilization, nutrient and food security. To prevent and minimize soil biodiversity loss, farmers and other land users can adopt sustainable soil management practices. Limiting waste by recycling and reusing will minimize the chances of soil pollution and therefore protect soil biodiversity. Governments should invest in gathering better knowledge about the importance of soil biodiversity and functions, including by region and land cover type. Everyone can provide opportunities to support soil biodiversity around you by protecting insects and the surroundings and allowing branches and leaves to rot naturally. 12. What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. The routines. B. The creatures. C. The soils. D. The emissions. 13. What role does soil biodiversity play in the ecosystem? A. Providing nutrients to keep the soil healthy. B. Securing food supply to feed more people. C. Improving the human immune system. D. Stopping greenhouse gas emissions. 14. What can be done to stop soil biodiversity loss? A. Purifying water. B. Encouraging recycling. C. Grading the lands. D. Speeding up organisms’ rotting. 15. What does the author suggest readers do? A. Be involved in soil protecting. B. Keep the balance of biodiversity. C. Make full use of soil resources. D. Be aware of the existence of soils. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Kindness gives me a boost, mentally and physically, which is not just beneficial for the receiver, but also for the giver. If someone really loves the gift you’ve chosen for them, the pleasure of giving can be even stronger than that of receiving. But such feelings don’t always sit comfortably with us. ____16____ Traditionally, it is tied up with beliefs of self sacrifice (牺牲) and putting other people’s welfare ahead of your own. Indeed. some researchers argue that a key element is that the person performing the act must give up something in order to help someone else. ____17____ If I give up my seat to an older person on a crowded tube, she ends up sitting and I standing. I’ve lost out by my kindness. Similarly, if you give up several hours to volunteer, you are sacrificing time to help others. ____18____ Yet when I offer my seat, or you volunteer your time, we tend to feel a warm glow of self-satisfaction. ____19____ We can act kindly now, even if it’s at some cost to us, in the knowledge that at some point in the future someone will act in a kind way towards us when we need help. Reciprocity (互惠) has helped humans to work together, survive for many thousands of years. ____20____ Rather, it is a shared, two-way devotion. Only in extreme situations does kindness involve the complete or near complete self sacrifice, such as when people risk their life to save the lives of others. And even in these situations, if the heroes survive, they can personally gain from their action through a huge improvement to their reputation. A. This may physically be the case. B. Kindness isn’t simply an activity. C. Shouldn’t true kindness be selfless? D. We can also benefit through interactions. E. You are not directly benefiting from your kindness. F. This requires effort and isn’t always fully appreciated. G. Why not value the advantages we gain from our kindness? 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In Lulea, a city in northern Sweden, the sun only shines around three hours a day in the winter months. People tend to ____21____ warm at home and that can be very lonely. To help ____22____ winter loneliness, the local government is asking everyone to just say ____23____ to each other. Asa Koski, a city official, ____24____ the idea. She wants the city to be a friendlier, and less lonely place for the ____25____. “We don’t just want that our city is going to grow as a ____26____ itself; we want it to be a pleasant, safe and friendly city as well where there’s ____27____, leisure activities and sport,” Koski told The Guardian. She added that being seen and ____28____ by strangers makes you feel like you belong. “The research shows that it has a great ____29____ on health and often an effect on wanting to help each other,” Koski said. The new campaign is a simple way to ____30____ lonely people but for a country known for people being reserved, it is a very big ____31____. To encourage people to say “hi”, the proposal is now being ____32____ on buses, in schools, and even workshops. ____33____, more and more people are becoming to realize the importance of greeting. These connections make people feel more ____34____ and secure in their communities, reduce the problem of loneliness, and make ____35____ with neighbors less likely. 21. A. turn B. start C. stay D. become 22. A. fight B. challenge C. seek D. survive 23. A. yes B. goodbye C. sorry D. hello 24. A. kept up with B. came up with C. caught up with D. put up with 25. A. families B. scholars C. residents D. governors 26. A. city B. restaurant C. library D. home 27. A. nature B. knowledge C. literature D. culture 28. A. visited B. greeted C. helped D. offended 29. A. decision B. burden C. impact D. impression 30. A. connect B. recognize C. introduce D. remember 31. A. tool B. method C. fact D. step 32. A. proved B. advertised C. recorded D. believed 33. A. Similarly B. Obviously C. Gradually D. Generally 34. A. acknowledged B. realized C. confirmed D. abandoned 35. A. performance B. adventure C. failure D. conflict 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On the coastal wetlands by the Yellow Sea in Eastern China, you’ll notice a strange-looking Milu deer ____36____ (walk) around. It has a head shaped like a horse, giant antlers (角) like a deer, hooves (蹄子) like a cow, ____37____ the tail of a donkey. The fact ____38____ they have now returned to China is the result of a remarkable century-old animal protection cooperation between two countries. Studies have found that the Milu deer were once common in eastern China, but by the nineteenth century, their numbers ____39____ (drop) sharply. Most of the Milu deer were raised in the Emperor’s hunting grounds outside Beijing. The Europeans ____40____ came to China at the time believed the species to be very rare and many were taken back to Europe. When the Emperor’s hunting grounds were destroyed by ____41____ heavy flooding, the Milu deer were lost, never to be seen in the area again. Luckily, a Duke in Britain gave shelter to 18 of these fortunate Milu deer, where they were well taken care of. During the mid-1980s, the Chinese government hoped the species could ____42____ (restore) in China once again. In 1986, there were 39 of the Milu deer ____43____ (fly) to China from Britain to their ancestral home in Dafeng County in Jiangsu province. After two decades, the Milu deer population in China has ____44____ (dramatic) increased to over 5000. Today, there is no longer any fears for their _____45_____ (survive) in their homeland. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周你校举办了一系列的冬日健身活动，掀起了健身热潮。请你为校报英语专栏写一篇报道。内容包括： 1.活动概况； 2.活动意义。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Rani jumped off the school bus. Splash! She landed right in the muddy rainwater. It had been a Friday full of disasters. Angry thoughts boiled inside Rani’s head as she marched home in the rain. Why did she have to forget her raincoat back home? Why did she have to risk taking the school bus back home? Why did her hair have to wave up like a giant cotton candy balloon just when she wanted it to behave? Why, why, why, fumed (烦恼) Rani as she turned the backdoor key. “Rani, is that you?” Mama called from the family room. Suddenly Rani’s cousins, Amit and Sumit, came charging toward her. “How many eggs does Rani have in that nest on her head?” laughed Amit. “Let me get them off Rani’s head!” shouted Sumit. This was really too much. Rani was upset. She fled out of the door, down the driveway, and back up the road she’d walked down minutes before. Angry as Ran I was, she knew that she should calm down. Without noticing, she walked behind a green curtain of lush (茂盛的) bamboo. Tearing through the wild growth, she made her way down a narrow mud path into a clearing. She threw her schoolbag on the ground and breathed hard. Lying on her schoolbag, she bitterly remembered the hours, days, and weeks she had spent trying to soften her hair from using her grandmother’s special mixture of coconut to washing it with Sunsilk shampoo—but in vain. Before long, the tiring day caught up with Rani, and she fell into sleep. “Rani! Raa—aani!” Rani woke up to Mama’s calls. She lifted her head from her knees. She wandered absently around the bamboo overlooking her house. Rani hugged herself, making no response. “I still need time to calm down,” she told herself, “Amit and Sumit shouldn’t have made fun of me.” Alone in her secret hideout, Rani watched the shadows get longer and begin to disappear as dusk fell. Suddenly the leaves rustled (沙沙作响). 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Someone was making its way towards her. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Rani! Here you are . 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