Unit2 Period Ⅰ Reading and Thinking-【精彩三年】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册课程探究与巩固教师用书配套word（人教版）

Unit 2　Healthy Lifestyle (见学生用书P26) (1)Good health is not something we can buy. However, it can be an extremely valuable savings account. 健康不是我们可以买到的。然而，它可以是一个非常有价值的储蓄账户。 (2)Keeping your body healthy is an expression of gratitude to the whole cosmos—the trees, the clouds, everything. —Thich Nhat Hanh 保持身体健康是对整个宇宙——树木、云朵、一切事物——的感激之情的表达。 ——一行禅师 (1)Health isn’t about being “perfect” with food or exercise or herbs. Health is about balancing those things with your desires. It’s about nourishing① your spirit as well as your body. 健康并不在于食物、运动或草药的“完美”。健康是在这些方面与你的欲望之间取得平衡。它不仅要滋养你的身体，还要滋养你的精神。 (2)Health is a state of complete harmony of the body, mind and spirit. When one is free from physical disabilities and mental distractions②， the gates of the soul open. ——B.K.S. Iyengar 健康是身体、思想和精神的完全和谐的状态。当一个人摆脱了身体上的残疾和精神上的杂念，灵魂之门就会敞开。 ——艾扬格 (1)To ensure good health: eat lightly, breathe deeply, live moderately, cultivate③ cheerfulness, and maintain an interest in life. 为了保证身体健康：饮食清淡、深呼吸、生活适度、培养开朗的性格，并保持对生活的兴趣。 (2)The secret of health for both mind and body is not to mourn④ for the past, not to worry about the future, but to live the present moment wisely and earnestly. 身心健康的秘诀在于不为过去哀悼，不为未来担忧，而是明智而认真地活在当下。 [日积月累] ①nourish /ˈnʌrɪʃ/ v．养育，滋养 ②distraction /dɪˈstrækʃn/ n．使人分心的事物 ③cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/ v．培养，养成；开垦，耕作；栽培，培育 ④mourn /mɔːn/ v．悼念，哀悼；对……感到痛心 Period Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking(见学生用书P27) The thought influences behaviour, behaviour affects habit, habit forms character, and character determines destiny. 思想影响行为，行为改变习惯，习惯形成性格，性格决定命运。 Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵) 1． tobacco n．烟草；烟叶 2． alcohol n．酒；酒精 3． abuse n. & vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 4．physical adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的 5． dominate vt. & vi.支配；控制；占有优势 6．repeatedly adv. 重复地→ repeat v.重复 7． psychology n．心理学；心理；心理影响 8．cue n. 提示；暗示；信号 vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示) 9． reward n．回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 10． rely vi.依赖；依靠；信赖 11． facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利 12． examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验 13． negative adj.消极的；有害的；否定的 14．escalator n. 自动扶梯；滚梯 15． pessimistic adj.悲观的；悲观主义的→ pessimism n.悲观；悲观主义 16． discipline n．自制力；纪律；学科 vt.自我控制；管教；处罚 17． pill n．药丸；药片 18． delete v．删去；删除 Ⅱ.语块记诵关(先填后记诵) 1． in response to 回答；答复 2． rely on/depend on/count on 依赖；依靠；信赖 3． straight away/at once/right away 立即；马上 4． decide on 决定；选定 5． form a habit 养成习惯 6． become involved in 卷入，陷入 7． tobacco/alcohol abuse 过度吸烟/饮酒 8． dominate one’s life 主宰某人的生活 9． over and over again 一再地；再三地；重复地 10． habit cycle 习惯周期 11． facilitate a positive change 促进积极的改变 12． aside from 除……以外 13． become pessimistic 变得悲观 14． break/rid of a bad habit 改掉坏习惯 Ⅲ.佳句赏析关(先赏后译) 1．These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults. [赏析]if left unchecked是if条件句“if they are left unchecked”的省略形式。 [翻译] 这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，待他们成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。 2．So，when we feel unhappy again (cue)，rather than eat snacks，we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine)，which will make us feel relaxed (reward). [赏析]本句中when引导的是时间状语从句；rather than意为“而不是”；which引导的是非限制性定语从句。 [翻译] 所以，当我们再次感到不开心时(暗示)，不要吃零食，我们可以听一些我们最喜欢的音乐来代替(常规)，这会让我们感到放松(奖励)。 3．For example, when we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead. [赏析]本句中“... our normal routine is to ride it”和“we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead”是由转折连词but连接的两个分句；but前的分句为含有when引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句。 [翻译] 例如： 当我们来到一个自动扶梯前时(暗示), 我们的惯常行为是去乘坐它， 但我们可以通过走楼梯来改变这种做法，使之变得更加积极。 4．Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away，we often become pessimistic and give up. [赏析]本句中的and前为简单句，and后为含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句。 [翻译] 我们中的许多人试图迅速改掉坏习惯，如果我们不能马上成功，我们往往会变得悲观而放弃。 Ⅳ.课文理解关 词汇助读 ①independent adj.独立的；有主见的 ②make one’s own decision自己做决定 ③unchecked adj.不加约束的；放任的 ④lead to导致 ⑤become involved in卷入；陷入 ⑥tobacco n. 烟草；烟叶 ⑦alcohol n. 酒；酒精 ⑧abuse n．& vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 ⑨physical adj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的 ⑩dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势 ⑪essential adj.极其重要的；必不可少的 ⑫recognise vt.认出；辨认；承认 ⑬appropriate adj.适当的；恰当的 ⑭attempt n. 尝试；试图；企图 ⑮philosophy n．哲学 ⑯repeatedly adv. 重复地 ⑰sum n．总和；金额 ⑱automatic adj.自动的 ⑲form vt. 形成 ⑳psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响 ㉑cue n. 提示；暗示；信号 vt. 给(某人)暗示(或提示) ㉒signal n．信号v.发信号 ㉓routine n．常规；例行公事 ㉔in response to回答；答复 ㉕reward n．回报；奖励；报酬 vt. 奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 ㉖snack n．零食 ㉗rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖 ㉘facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利 ㉙examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验 ㉚adapt v. 使适应 ㉛replace vt.代替；取代 replace... with... 用……代替…… ㉜negative adj. 消极的；有害的；否定的 ㉝rather than而不是 ㉞aside from除……以外 ㉟escalator n．自动扶梯；滚梯 ㊱straight away 立即；马上 ㊲pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的 ㊳give up放弃 ㊴after all毕竟；终究 ㊵delete v．删去；删除 原文 HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE As teenagers grow up，they become more independent① and start making their own decisions②. However，during this period，it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits.These bad habits，if left unchecked③，could lead to④ more serious ones when they become adults. For example，some of them may become involved in⑤ tobacco⑥ or alcohol⑦ abuse⑧，which can lead to physical⑨ and mental health problems. To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating⑩ a teenager’s life is essential⑪. They must learn to recognise⑫ bad habits early and make appropriate⑬ changes. To change bad habits is never easy，even with many attempts⑭. There is a famous saying based on the philosophy⑮ of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly⑯ do.” In many ways，our lifestyle is the sum⑰ of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something，and then we repeat it over and over again. Soon that choice becomes automatic⑱ and forms⑲ a habit that is much harder to change. The good news is that we can change，if we understand how habits work. According to modern psychology⑳，we must first learn about the “habit cycle”，which works like this： ·Firstly，there is a “cue㉑”，an action，event，or situation that acts as a signal㉒ to do something. ·Secondly，there is a “routine㉓”，the regular action you take in response to㉔ the cue. ·Thirdly，there is the “reward㉕”，the good thing or feeling we get from the routine. For example，when we feel unhappy(cue)，we eat lots of unhealthy snacks㉖ (routine)，which makes us feel happy (reward). The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle，and the bad habit of relying on㉗ unhealthy snacks is formed. To facilitate㉘ a positive change in our bad habits，we must first examine㉙ our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt㉚ them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas. For example，we could try to replace㉛ a negative㉜ routine with something more positive. So，when we feel unhappy again (cue)，rather than㉝ eat snacks，we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine)，which will make us feel relaxed (reward). Aside from㉞ changing bad habits，we can also use the habit cycle to create good habits. For example，when we come to an escalator㉟ (cue)，our normal routine is to ride it，but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead. Many of us try to change bad habits quickly，and if we are not successful straight away㊱，we often become pessimistic㊲ and give up㊳. In fact，the most successful way to change is not suddenly，but over a period of time. As the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote，“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” One step seems small，but it is essential.To reach the goal of change，a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all㊴，it is not easy to break bad habits. For young people，there is plenty of time to change bad habits. However，there is no “magic pill” or delete㊵button that will help you；you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits! 译文 健康的生活方式的习惯 随着青少年的成长，他们变得更加独立，开始自己做决定。然而，在这个阶段，他们中的一些人很容易养成坏习惯。这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，待他们成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。防止像这样的不良习惯支配青少年的生活是极其重要的。他们必须尽早学会认清坏习惯并做出适当的改变。 即使尝试很多次，改掉坏习惯从来都不容易。有一条基于亚里士多德哲学思想的著名谚语说道：“重复的行为造就了我们。”在许多方面，我们的生活方式是我们所做选择的总和。我们决定做一些事情，然后我们不断地重复。很快，这种选择就会自动形成一种很难改变的习惯。好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是如何工作的，我们可以改变。 根据现代心理学，我们首先必须学习“习惯周期”，它的工作原理如下： ·首先，有一个“暗示”，一个动作、事件或情况，作为做某事的信号。 ·其次，有一个“常规”，即你根据暗示采取的常规行动。 ·第三，有一个“奖励”，即我们从常规行动中得到的好处或感觉。 例如：当我们感到不快乐时(暗示)，我们会吃很多不健康的零食(常规)，这会让我们感到快乐(奖励)。这个奖励让我们更有可能继续这个循环，依赖不健康零食的坏习惯也就养成了。 想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。我们可以通过将来自我们的习惯周期的信息与我们自己的积极想法结合起来做到这一点。例如：我们可以尝试用一些更积极的东西来代替消极的常规。所以，当我们再次感到不开心时(暗示)，不要吃零食，我们可以听一些我们最喜欢的音乐来代替(常规)，这会让我们感到放松(奖励)。除了改变坏习惯，我们还可以利用习惯周期来创造好习惯。例如：当我们来到一个自动扶梯前时(暗示)，我们的惯常行为是去乘坐它，但我们可以通过走楼梯来改变这种做法，使之变得更加积极。 我们中的许多人试图迅速改掉坏习惯，如果我们不能马上成功，我们往往会变得悲观而放弃。事实上，最成功的改变方法不是突然地(改变)，而是经过一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所言：“千里之行，始于足下。”一步看似渺小，但它是完全必要的。为了达到改变的目的，一个人必须表现出一些自制力并不断重复许多小步。毕竟，改掉坏习惯并不容易。 对于年轻人来说，有足够的时间去改变坏习惯。然而，没有“神奇药丸”或删除按钮可以帮助你；你必须考虑你的坏习惯并决定作出一些改变。你有能力建立一个快乐健康的充满良好习惯的生活！ Step 1　Pre­reading The text is mainly about how to change bad habits and form a healthy lifestyle . Step 2　While­reading Task 1: Fast reading Match the paragraph(s) with the main idea. (　②　)Para.1　 ①young people should change bad habits and build a healthy life (　⑥　)Para.2 ②why teenagers should change bad habits (　④　)Paras.3—4 ③how to facilitate a positive change in bad habits (　③　)Para.5 ④how a habit cycle works (　⑤　)Para.6 ⑤change bad habits gradually (　①　)Para.7 ⑥no easy way to change bad habits Task 2: Intensive reading Read the text carefully and fill in the blanks according to the text. HABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE The importance of changing bad habits To prevent harmful habits like tobacco or alcohol abuse from 1. dominating a teenager’s life. How habits form We are what we 2. repeatedly do. A choice becomes 3. automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change. How the habit cycle works Firstly，a cue 4. signals us to do something. Then，there is a routine in response to the cue. Thirdly，there is the 5. reward we get from the routine, which makes us continue the cycle. How to change bad habits Examine our bad habit cycles and try to 6. adapt them. Try to replace a negative routine with something more 7. positive ． We can also use the habit cycle to create good 8. habits ． Take small steps It is not easy to break bad habits. We cannot 9. succeed straight away. Instead, a person must show some 10. discipline and repeatedly take small steps. Step 3　Post­reading—Critical Thinking Task 1：Answer the question How would you change your bad habit(s) by analysing the habit cycle? Give us an example. One possible version： To help myself form the new habit，I always invite some friends to walk together with me. That makes me feel that I’m not doing it alone and walking becomes more interesting and I’m more willing to do it. Here is my strategy. (1)Find company. (2)Do something I like while trying the new routine.　 Task 2：理文化 How can you get rid of bad habits once and for all？It is easier said than done.Follow these steps to transform success from uncertainty to inevitability.你怎么能彻底地将所有的坏习惯全部改掉？说比做更容易。遵循以下几个步骤来将成功的不确定性变成必然性。 1．Believe in your ability to succeed. 坚信自己有能力成功。 2．Experiment with different routines that meet the same reward. 尝试能获得同样奖赏的不同行为。 3．Interrupt the old patterns. 打破常规。 4．Celebrate the little success. 庆祝微小的成功。 5．Build a team. 建立一个团队。 6．Condition the new habit for at least 30 days. 用至少30天的时间适应新习惯。 Task 3：学技巧 读后续写微技能——描述困难的句子 1．To change bad habits is never easy，even with many attempts. 2．Soon that choice becomes automatic and forms a habit that is much harder to change. 3．In fact，the most successful way to change is not suddenly，but over a period of time. 4．After all，it is not easy to break bad habits. 5．However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. Part 1　核心词汇解读 1．For example，some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse，which can lead to physical and mental health problems.例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理健康问题。(教材P14) abuse n．(the use of sth in a way that is wrong or harmful; unfair, cruel or violent treatment of sb)滥用；虐待；辱骂 vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂 (1)abuse one’s power/position (to do sth) 滥用某人的权力/职权(做某事) abuse one’s trust/confidence 背信弃义 (2)alcohol/drug abuse酗酒/嗜毒 child abuse虐待儿童 abuse of privileges/power 滥用特权/滥用权力 (3)abusive adj.辱骂的；虐待的 【活学活用】 (1)Alcohol abuse may cause your heart to beat less effectively and can lead to other illnesses. 酗酒可能会导致你的心脏跳动效率降低，还可能导致其他疾病。 (2)She is continually abusing (abuse)her position by getting other people to do things for her. 她不断滥用职权，让别人替她做事。 (3)After years of abuse from her husband, she eventually summoned up the courage to leave him. 在遭受丈夫多年的虐待之后， 她终于鼓起勇气离开了他。 (4)I never expected that he would abuse the trust I placed in him. 我从未料到他会滥用我对他的信任。 (5)写出下列各句中abuse的中文意思 ①He was arrested on charges of corruption and abuse of power. 滥用 ②She suffered years of physical abuse. 虐待 ③The crowd started abusing him after he failed to save a goal. 辱骂 ④Alcohol is abused severely among America’s teenagers. 滥用 【写作佳句】 Anyone who abuses children should be punished severely. 任何虐待儿童的人都应该受到严厉的惩罚。 2．To prevent harmful habits like these from dominating a teenager's life is essential.防止像这样的不良习惯支配青少年的生活是极其重要的。(教材P14) dominate　vt. & vi.(to control or have a lot of influence over sb/sth, especially in an unpleasant way; to be the most noticeable or important feature of sth; to play much better than your opponent in a game) 支配；控制；具有最重要的特色(或位置)；占有优势 (1)dominate the market 主导市场 (2)domination n. 控制；统治(权) (3)dominant adj.强大的，有优势的 dominating adj.个性强势的；左右他人的 【活学活用】 (1)Women’s sports are breaking down the barriers in previously male­dominated fields. 女子体育运动正在打破障碍进入一些先前由男子占主导地位的领域。 (2)It is believed that the stronger dominate the weaker.人们认为，强者支配弱者。 (3)While talking, he always tends to dominate (dominate) the conversation. 交谈时，他总是倾向于主导谈话。 (4)The book has dominated (dominate) the best­seller lists over the past year. 在过去的一年里，这本书占据了畅销书排行榜的榜首。 (5)Soon the whole country was under his sole domination (dominate). 很快他便独揽了整个国家的大权。 【写作佳句】 The boy was brought up by his mother, who was a dominating influence in his life. 这个男孩被他的母亲带大，母亲对他一生起着决定性的影响。 3．Secondly，there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue.其次，有一个“常规”，即你根据暗示采取的常规行动。(教材P14) in response to 响应，反应；回答；答复 (1)response n. 回答，回应；反应，响应 make a/no response to对……作出回应/不予回应 in response to 作为对……的回复/反应 (2)respond v. 回答；响应；作出反应 respond to... with.../by doing...用……回应…… 【活学活用】 (1)A variety of products have been developed in response to/responding to our customers’ demands. 我们响应客户的需求开发了各种各样的产品。 (2) In response ， the Chinese government has made great efforts to educate Chinese tourists on appropriate behaviour. 作为回应， 中国政府已经做出巨大努力教育中国游客举止要得体。 (3)He responds/responded to my suggestion with a laugh. 他对我的建议报以一笑。 【写作佳句】 I’m writing in response to the letter you wrote me in which you asked for my advice on how to learn Chinese well. 我正在写信回复你向我征求如何学好汉语的建议的那封来信。 4．Thirdly，there is the “reward”，the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.第三，有一个“奖励”，即我们从常规行动中得到的好处或感觉。(教材P14) reward n．回报；奖励；报酬 vt.(to give sb sth because they have done sth good)奖励；奖赏；给以报酬 (1)as a reward for 作为对……的回报 in reward for 作为对……的报酬/回报/奖励 give/offer a reward to sb for sth 为某事而给某人报酬 (2)reward sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而酬谢/报答某人 reward sb with sth 用……酬谢/报答某人 (sb) be rewarded with (sth) (某人)得到……作为回报 (3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；有益的；报酬高的 【活学活用】 (1)I’m more than willing to show you around Beijing as a reward for your generous help. 我很乐意带你游览北京，作为对你的慷慨相助的回报。 (2)From my perspective, overseas study tours can be rewarding and enjoyable. 在我看来， 海外游学是有益的且让人愉快的。 (3)They have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in the end. 他们一直在努力学习功课，他们的付出最终会以成功作为回报。 (4)The old lady is offering a reward of $50 to anyone who finds her cat for her! 这位老妇人为给她找到猫的任何人提供50美元的奖赏！ (5)一句多译 由于他的巨大贡献，公司去年奖励他去英国旅行。 ①For his great contributions, the company rewarded him with a journey to England last year. ② In reward for/As a reward for his great contributions, the company offered him a journey to England last year. ③He was rewarded with a journey to England last year for his great contributions. 【写作佳句】 Anyone who reaches the top of Mount Tai will be rewarded with a magnificent view. 任何一个登上泰山之巅的人都会欣赏到美丽的风景。 5．The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.这个奖励让我们更有可能继续这个循环，依赖不健康零食的坏习惯也就养成了。(教材P15) rely on依赖；依靠；信赖 (1)rely vi.(relies；relying；relied；relied)依赖；依靠；信赖 rely on/upon(＝depend/count on/upon) 依赖；依靠 rely on sb to do sth 指望/依靠某人做某事 rely on(sb/sth) doing sth 依赖/信任/指望……做某事 rely on it that... 放心……；相信……；指望…… (2)reliable adj.可信赖的；可依靠的 常见的“动词＋介词＋ it ＋ that...”结构还有： see to it that... 确保……；务必…… depend on it that... 放心…… 【活学活用】 (1)Whenever we’re in trouble, you’re always the person we can rely/depend/count on/upon . 无论我们什么时候有困难， 你总是那个我们可以依赖的人。 (2)Nowadays, many people would rely on surfing (surf) the Internet rather than read newspapers for news. 现如今，许多人依赖上网而不是看报纸获取新闻。 (3)I made up my mind to follow their examples to take my own responsibility to be a reliable (rely) person in the future. 我下定决心以他们为榜样，承担起自己的责任，将来做一个可靠的人。 (4)一句多译 你可以放心， 我们会随时帮你的。 ①You may rely on us to help you at any time. ②You may rely on our helping you at any time. ③You may rely on it that we shall help you at any time. 【写作佳句】 Many celebrities rely on their star status to call attention to the causes in which they believe. 许多名人依靠自己的明星身份唤起人们对他们所相信的事业的关注。 6．To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. 想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习惯循环，然后尽力去调整。(教材P15) facilitate vt.促进；促使；使便利 (1)facilitate the development/growth of sth 促进……的发展 facilitate communication/discussion 促进沟通/讨论 (2)facility n. 设施；设备 shopping facilities 购物设施 medical facilities 医疗设施 sports facilities 体育设施 【活学活用】 (1)The talks are intended to facilitate progress towards a peace agreement. 会谈旨在促进达成和平协议的进展。 (2)Though search engines such as Baidu and Google have greatly facilitated our life and work, they also endanger our ability to think independently. 尽管百度和谷歌这样的搜索引擎大大便利了我们的生活和工作，但它们也在危及我们独立思考的能力。 (3)Encouraging students to engage in class discussion can facilitate learning and promote critical thinking skills. 鼓励学生参与课堂讨论可以促进学习和提高批判性思维能力。 (4)The hotel offers special sports facilities ， including a swimming pool. 酒店提供特殊的体育设施，包括一个游泳池。 【写作佳句】 Globalisation facilitates cultural exchanges, enabling people to have a better understanding of different cultures in the world. 全球化促进了文化交流，帮助人们对世界上的不同文化有更深入的理解。 examine vt.(仔细)检查；审查；测验 (1)examine sb in/on... 测验某人…… examine sb/sth for... 仔细检查某人/某物看是否有某物 have sth examined 使……被检查 (2)examination n．审查；调查；考查；考察；(仔细的)检查，检验； (笔头、口头或操作)考试(＝exam) physical examination 体检 (3)examiner n．检验员；主考人；审查员 examinee n．应试者；受审查者 【活学活用】 (1)Last week, the teacher examined us in maths. After the examination ， we all went to the hospital to have physical examinations ．(examine)上周，老师测验了我们的数学。考试结束后，我们都去医院做了体检。 (2)Doctors often examine their patients thoroughly in order to make a correct diagnosis. 为了作出准确的诊断， 医生通常对病人进行彻底的检查。 (3)It is important to have your eyes examined (examine) regularly to check for any sign of eye disease. 定期检查眼睛以查看眼疾的任何迹象是很重要的。 (4)Experts are examining the ruins carefully, expecting to find clues about the cause of the explosion. ＝Careful examination of the ruins is being carried out by experts, who expect to find clues about the cause of the explosion. 专家们正在仔细地检查残骸， 希望能发现与爆炸原因有关的线索。 【写作佳句】 You’ll be examined in three main areas：speaking, listening, and reading comprehension. 你们将在三个主要方面接受检查：口语、听力和阅读理解。 7．...you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes.……你必须考虑你的坏习惯并决定作出一些改变。(教材P15) decide on 决定；选定 (1)decide on sth/doing sth(＝decide to do sth) 决定做某事 decide that... 决定…… (2)decision n．决定 make a decision作出决定 come to/arrive at/reach a decision (反复考虑后)作出决定 【活学活用】 (1)After leaving university in 2021, Therese decided on a career in publishing. 在2021年大学毕业后，特蕾泽决定从事出版行业。 (2)We finally decided on holding (hold)a class meeting to make a plan for the activity. 我们最后决定开班会来制订活动计划。 (3)The decision on whether he is innocent or guilty rests with the jury. 关于他是无罪还是有罪的决定取决于陪审团。 (4)They have discussed the problem for hours and hopefully they can come to/arrive at/reach a decision soon. 这个问题他们已经讨论了好几个小时，希望他们能很快作出决定。 【写作佳句】 People who decide on a career path early in their lives and keep to it are more likely to have a satisfying working life than those who change jobs frequently. 那些在人生早期就决定了职业道路并坚持下去的人，比那些经常换工作的人更有可能拥有令人满意的工作生活。 Part 2　核心句型剖析 1．These bad habits，if left unchecked，could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.这些坏习惯如果不加以控制，待他们成年后可能会导致更严重的坏习惯。(教材P14) 句型公式： if left unchecked是if they are left unchecked的省略形式。 句型解读： 在含有if条件句的主从复合句中，如果从句主语和主句主语一致且从句谓语含有be动词，那么从句的主语和be动词可以省略。when、while、once、unless等词引导的状语从句也有类似的省略用法。 【活学活用】 (1)Unless invited (invite) to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. 除非被邀请发言，否则你应在会上保持沉默。 (2)If told properly ， stories can reveal a lot of facts about your personality and background. 如果故事讲得恰当，它们会彰显你的个性和背景。 (3) If (it is)true ， this will cause us a lot of trouble. 这事若是事实，它将给我们造成许多麻烦。 (4)Every evening after dinner, if (I am)not tired ， I will spend some time walking my dog. 每天晚饭后，如果我不累，我会花一些时间遛狗。 【写作佳句】 Although (we were) hungry and exhausted, we didn’t make any complaints. 虽然又饿又累，但我们毫无怨言。 2．So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could listen to some of our favourite music instead (routine) ... 所以，当我们再次感到不开心时(暗示)，不要吃零食，我们可以听一些我们最喜欢的音乐来代替(常规)……(教材P15) 句型公式： 句中的rather than连接并列谓语listen to和eat。 句型解读： (1)rather than用作连词，连接两个平行结构。它构成的句型结构有： ①prefer to do... rather than do... 宁愿做……而不愿意做…… ②would do... rather than do... 宁愿做……而不愿意做…… ③would rather do... than do... 宁愿做……而不愿意做…… (2)rather than用作介词时，与instead of同义。 (3)A rather than B作主语时，谓语动词要与A在人称和数上保持一致。 【活学活用】 (1)It is being positive rather than being negative that helps you find a way out. 积极态度，而不是消极态度，帮助你找到出路。 (2)Let’s get it over as soon as possible, rather than drag it out ． 让我们尽快把它做完，不要拖下去了。 (3)The teacher rather than the students is/was (be) to blame. 应受责备的是老师而不是学生。 (4)单句语法填空 ①I always prefer starting early rather than leaving (leave) everything to the last minute. ②She insisted on having the room papered rather than painted (paint). ③Rather than go (go) there by air, I’d take the slowest train. ④He preferred to die (die) rather than steal. 【写作佳句】 Many students choose to seek employment immediately upon graduation rather than take a gap year. 很多学生毕业后直接找工作，而不是度过一个间隔年。 3．As the Chinese philosopher Laozi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.” 正如中国哲学家老子所言： “千里之行，始于足下。”(教材P15) 句型公式： as引导的非限制性定语从句。 句型解读： as引导的非限定性定语从句， 修饰后面整个句子，译为“正如，正像”。常用表达还有as everybody can see(正如人人都能看到的那样)、as is often the case(这是常有的事)、as (we had)expected(正如我们所料)、as is known to all(众所周知)、as is mentioned above(正如上面所提到的那样)、as is reported(正如所报道的那样)、as was said earlier(正如之前所说的)。 【活学活用】 (1) As Victor Hugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face.” 正如维克多·雨果曾经说过的那样：“笑是太阳，它把冬天从人们脸上驱走。” (2) As is mentioned above ， we have a good many problems to solve at present. 正如上面所提到的，目前我们有很多问题要解决。 (3)The number of smokers, as is reported ， has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. 正如报道的那样，抽烟者的数量仅在一年内就下降了百分之十七。 (4)There is no simple answer, as is often the case in science. 答案并不简单，这在科学上是常有的事。 (5)一句多译 全世界的人都知道，马克·吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。 ① As is known to the world, Mark Twain is a great American writer. ② It is known to the world that Mark Twain is a great American writer. ③ What is known to the world is that Mark Twain is a great American writer. 【写作佳句】 He is absorbed in work, as he often was. 他全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。 温馨说明：课后请完成高效作业6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$