Unit3 Period Ⅱ Learning About Language-【精彩三年】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册课程探究与巩固教师用书配套课件PPT（人教版）

Period Ⅱ　Learning About Language Unit 3　Environmental Protection Never does nature say one thing and wisdom another. 自然与智慧永不相悖。 [Build up your vocabulary] 目录 CONTENTS 自主梳理•自学扫障碍 01 核心剖析•研习固根基 02 自主梳理•自学扫障碍 01 1．_________ n. 流域；盆地；盆 2．penguin n. ______ 3．__________ vi. & vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造　n. 改革；变革；改良 4．___________ vt. ( _____________， _____________) 经历；经受(变化、不快等) 5．implement vt. ______________________ 6．______________ adj. 和谐的→harmony n．和睦；和谐；和声 7．moderate adj. _______________________ vi. & vt. ______________ basin 企鹅 reform undergo underwent undergone 使生效；贯彻；执行 harmonious 适度的；中等的；温和的 缓和；使适中 8．__________ vt. & vi.提交；呈递；屈服→submission n．屈服；提交 9．__________ adj. 每年的；一年的 n．年刊；年鉴 10．tropical adj. _____________________ 11．_________ n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱 12．________________ 代表(代替)某人 13．___________ adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的 14．_____________ adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的 15．__________ n．(热带)丛林；密林 submit annual 热带的；来自热带的 chaos on behalf of nuclear sensitive jungle 核心剖析•研习固根基 02 1．According to the report submitted by researchers，between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carbon dioxide emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests.根据研究人员提交的报告，每年二氧化碳排放总量的20%到25%是由热带森林的破坏造成的。(教材P28) submit vt.& vi.( to give a document, proposal，etc. to sb in authority so that they can study or consider it) 提交；呈递；(to accept the authority, control or greater strength of sb/sth)屈服；顺从 (1)submit an application form提交申请表 submit sth to sb 向某人提交某物 submit(oneself) to sb/sth 顺从……；听命于…… (2)submission n．顺从；屈服；呈送；提交 【活学活用】 (1)The general had to submit the agreement to the enemies. That is to say, he submitted to them. 将军不得不把协议交给敌人。这就是说，他向他们屈服了。 (2)Completed projects must ________________(submit) by 10 March. ＝The agreed date of the ______________ of completed projects is by 10 March. 完成的方案必须在3月10日前提交上来。 (3)She is a strong­willed person who never _______________________ failure. 她是个意志坚强的人，从不向失败屈服。 be submitted submission submits (herself)to 【写作佳句】 Papers submitted after the due date will be considered late and receive a grade reduction. 在截止日期之后提交的论文将被视为逾期，并将被扣分。 2．I'm doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming. 我代表学校正在做一个关于全球变暖的项目。 (教材P29) on behalf of 代表(代替)某人 (1)on behalf of sb＝on sb’s behalf　代表(代替)某人 (2)represent sb/sth　代表某人/某物 stand for　代表，象征 【活学活用】 (1)_____________________________________________， I’d like to extend my sincere gratitude for your help. 我谨代表我全家对你们的帮助表示真诚的感谢。 (2)Mr King can’t be here, so his wife will accept the prize ____________ ______________________．金先生不能来，所以他的妻子将代表他领奖。 On behalf of/Representing my whole family on behalf of him on his behalf/ (3)As is known to us all，red _________________________ happiness in traditional Chinese culture. 众所周知，在中国传统文化中，红色代表幸福。 【写作佳句】 Good morning! It is a great honour for me to deliver a graduation speech on behalf of my classmates. 早上好！我很荣幸能代表我的同学发表毕业演讲。 represents/stands for 3．Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic? 为什么核能是一个敏感话题？(教材P29) sensitive adj. 敏感的；(aware of and able to understand other people and their feelings)善解人意的；灵敏的；(easily upset)易被惹恼的 (1)be sensitive to/about... 对……敏感/过敏 It is sensitive of sb to do sth.某人做某事真体贴。 (2)sensible adj. 明智的；理智的 (3)sense n．感觉官能；(统称)感官vt.觉察到；意识到；理解 【活学活用】 (1)I reckon this is a sensitive and emotive subject. So，deal with it sensitively but swiftly. 我认为这是一个敏感而情绪化的话题。因此要小心谨慎但快速地处理它。 (2)Don’t be too sensitive ____________ what other people think of you, or you will feel exhausted. 不要对别人对你的看法过于敏感，否则你会感觉疲惫不堪的。 to/about (3)It is well­known that many kinds of animals are _____________ to natural disasters, especially before the disasters come. 众所周知，很多种类的动物都对自然灾害很敏感，尤其在灾难来临前。 (4)You have made a ____________ choice that you will discuss this matter further with your parents before making the final decision. 你做了一个明智的选择：你将和父母进一步讨论这件事，然后再作最后的决定。 sensitive sensible 【写作佳句】 Her reply showed that she was very sensitive to criticism. 她的回答表明她对批评很敏感。 [Discover useful structures] ——直接引语和间接引语 目录 CONTENTS 自主梳理•自学扫障碍 语法探究•研习知规律 01 02 练练悟悟•小测固新知 03 自主梳理•自学扫障碍 01 读下列句子并感知直接引语变为间接引语的规律。 1．“I don’t know the address of my new home，” said Anne. →Anne said that she didn’t know the address of her new home. 2．Mother said to Tom, “I will come back home this evening.” →Mother told Tom that she would go back home that evening. 3．“Does a friend always have to be with each other？” Mary asked Lily. →Mary asked Lily if/whether a friend always had to be with each other. 4．The reporter asked, “How can we save polar bears from extinction？” →The reporter asked how we could save polar bears from extinction. 5．He said to me, “Don’t be late.” → He asked me not to be late. 我的发现： 直接引语：直接引述别人的原话，放在 ______内。 间接引语：用自己的话 ______别人的话，不用引号。 (1)直接引语为陈述句时，间接引语变成 ________引导的宾语从句，如句子1和句子2。 (2)直接引语为一般疑问句时，间接引语变成 ______________引导的宾语从句，如句子3。 引号 转述 that if/whether (3)直接引语为特殊疑问句时，间接引语仍由原来的 _______引导宾语从句，如句子4。 (4)如果直接引语为祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常采用“动词＋宾语＋ _____________”结构。常见的动词有tell、order、ask、warn等。如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式(to)前加 _______，如句子5。 疑问词 动词不定式 not 语法探究•研习知规律 02 探究点1　定义 引述别人的话有两种方式：一是使用引号引出别人的原话，这叫作直接引语；二是用自己的话把别人的话转述出来，这叫作间接引语。 引语 概念 例句 直接引语 直接引述别人的原话 He said, “I am a good boy.” 他说：“我是一个好孩子。” 间接引语 用自己的话转述别人的话 He said that he was a good boy.他说他是一个好孩子。 探究点2　人称变化 人称变化的口诀：一随主，二随宾，三不变。 一随主 直接引语中的第一人称变间接引语时与主句主语的人称保持一致 He says, “I like math very much.” → He says that he likes math very much. 二随宾 直接引语中的第二人称变间接引语时与主句宾语的人称保持一致 He said to Lily, “You must get up early.” → He told Lily that she must get up early. 三不变 直接引语中的第三人称在变间接引语时人称不变 She said to me，“They want to help him.” → She told me that they wanted to help him. 探究点3　时态变化 直接引语在变为间接引语时，时态需要作相应的调整。当主句是陈述句且时态为过去时态时，时态的变化规则如下： 直接引语 变 间接引语 一般现在时 → 一般过去时 一般将来时 → 过去将来时 现在进行时 → 过去进行时 现在完成时 → 过去完成时 一般过去时 → 过去完成时 过去完成时 → 过去完成时 He said，“He is a student.”(一般现在时) →He said that he was a student.(一般过去时) 他说他是一个学生。 He said，“He is reading.”(现在进行时) →He said that he was reading.(过去进行时) 他说他正在读书。 He said，“He will go home.”(一般将来时) →He said that he would go home.(过去将来时) 他说他要回家。 He said, “He has read the book.”(现在完成时) →He said that he had read the book.(过去完成时) 他说他读过那本书了。 直接引语属下列情况时，时态不发生变化： (1)直接引语属真理或客观事实时： The teacher said to us, “Light travels much faster than sound.” →The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 老师告诉我们光比声音传播得快得多。 (2)直接引语是经常的习惯时： He said to the doctor, “I smoke every day.” → He told the doctor that he smokes every day. 他告诉医生他每天抽烟。 (3)直接引语是历史事件时： The teacher said, “World War Ⅱ ended in 1945.” → The teacher said that World War Ⅱ ended in 1945. 老师说第二次世界大战在1945年结束。 (4)直接引语的谓语有情态动词，如must, ought to, used to, had better等时： She said to me, “You must hurry up.” → She said that I must hurry up. 她说我必须快点。 探究点4　指示代词、时间状语、地点状语及方向性动词的变化   直接引语 间接引语 指示 代词 this that these those 时间 状语 now then today that day tonight that night this week that week   直接引语 间接引语 时间 状语 yesterday the day before last week the week before three days ago three days before tomorrow the next day/the following day next week the next week/the following week 地点状语 here there 方向性 动词 come go bring take 续表 He said，“I met Mr Smith this morning.” →He said that he had met Mr Smith that morning. 他说他那天早上遇到史密斯先生了。 He said，“I went to the cinema yesterday.” →He said he had gone to the cinema the day before. 他说他前一天去看电影了。 Lily said，“I will come back next month.” →Lily said that she would go back the next month. 莉莉说她下个月回来。 He said，“It is nine o’clock now.” →He said that it was nine o’clock then. 他说那时是九点钟。 He said，“I haven’t seen her today.” →He said that he hadn’t seen her that day. 他说那天他没见过她。 She said，“I’ll go there tomorrow.” →She said that she would go there the next day. 她说她第二天去那儿。 He said，“My sister was here three days ago.” →He said that his sister had been there three days before. 他说他姐姐三天前在那儿。 “When you come here，will you please bring a dictionary？” the editor said to the worker. →The editor asked whether the worker would take a dictionary when he went there. 编辑问这位工作人员去那里时是否要带一本字典。 探究点5　连接词和语序的变化   连接词 语序 陈述句 that或省略 不变 一般疑问句 引述动词后加上if或whether 陈述句语序 特殊疑问句 连接词不变 陈述句语序 祈使句 无连接词 不变 在不同的句式中，直接引语变为间接引语时，引导词(引述动词)也会有变化。 1．陈述句 直接引语是陈述句，变为间接引语时，在多数情况下都构成一个由that引导的宾语从句，引述动词通常是say, tell等。 The foreigner said to me, “I like Beijing very much.” →The foreigner told me that he/she liked Beijing very much.那个外国人告诉我说他/她很喜欢北京。 Tom said, “I’ve reviewed my lessons.” →Tom said that he had reviewed his lessons.汤姆说他已经复习了他的功课。 2．疑问句 直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时，要把疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。 (1)一般疑问句变为由连词whether或if引导的宾语从句，其主句谓语动词常用ask, wonder, want to know等。 Mother asked me, “Have you finished your homework？” →Mother asked me whether/if I had finished my homework. 妈妈问我是否完成了家庭作业。 (2)选择疑问句变为由whether... or... 引导的宾语从句。 “Are you going to Beijing or Shanghai for the holiday？” she asked. →She asked me whether I was going to Beijing or Shanghai for the holiday. 她问我是去北京度假还是去上海度假。 (3)反意疑问句变为由连词whether或if引导的宾语从句。 “You don’t like rock music, do you？” he said. →He asked me whether/if I liked rock music. 他问我是否喜欢摇滚乐。 (4)特殊疑问句变为由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。 “How long have you been like this？” asked the nurse. →The nurse asked me how long I had been like that. 护士问我那样多久了。 3．祈使句 祈使句的间接引语形式多采用“动词＋宾语＋动词不定式”结构。常见的引述动词有tell, order, ask, advise等。如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。 (1)直接引语是表示命令的祈使句，常用ask, tell, order转述。 “Tidy the lab after the experiment，” the teacher said. →The teacher asked/ordered/told us to tidy the lab after the experiment. 老师让我们做完实验后打扫实验室。 (2)直接引语是表示建议、劝告的祈使句，常用advise, suggest转述。 Jack said, “Let’s go to the cinema tonight.” →Jack suggested that we should go to the cinema that night. 那天晚上杰克建议我们去看电影。 (3)直接引语是表示警告或提醒的祈使句，常用remind, warn等词转述。 “Don’t forget to mail the letter，” the wife said to her husband. →The wife reminded her husband not to forget to mail the letter. 妻子提醒丈夫不要忘记寄那封信。 4．感叹句 直接引语如果是感叹句，变为间接引语时，可以用该感叹句的感叹词(what或how)引导，也可以用that引导。 She said，“What a lovely day it is！” →She said what a lovely day it was. →She said that it was a lovely day. 她说天气不错。 [注意]有些感叹句的转述要根据原句的意思采用适当的动词来引述。 “Happy New Year！” he said to me. →He wished me a happy New Year. 他祝我新年快乐。 练练悟悟•小测固新知 03 1．The old woman said to me, “I need your help.” → The old woman ________ me that ______________ my help. 2．“I’ll go over the grammar lesson once again，” he said. → He said ___________________ go over the grammar lesson once again. 3．My teacher asked me, “Do you like American country music？” → My teacher asked me ______________ I _________ American country music. Ⅰ.把下列句子变成间接引语 told she needed (that) he would if/whether liked 4．She asked me, “What’s the matter with you？” → She asked me _______________________________． 5．“Shall we go shopping tonight？” said Michael. → Michael asked __________________________ shopping that night. 6．“Don’t answer all at once，” she said to the pupils. → She ________ the pupils _________________ all at once. Ⅰ.把下列句子变成间接引语 what was the matter with me if/whether we would go told not to answer 7．She said to me, “I wrote a letter to my parents three days ago.” →She told me that she _______________a letter to her parents three days __________． 8．The geography teacher said to the students，“The earth moves around the sun.” → The geography teacher told the students that the earth _________ around the sun. Ⅰ.把下列句子变成间接引语 had written before moves 1．The physics teacher told the boys and girls that the earth ______(be) round. 2．Mary asked me ______________ I would go to the concert with her that evening. 3．John said they had insisted that she __________________(start) immediately. 4．Kate said that she _______________________________(nurse) her father in the hospital since she came back. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 is if/whether (should) start had nursed/had been nursing 5．My father asked me whether I was going to Shanghai that day ______ the next day. 6．The teacher promised that he ______________(give) his students a holiday at the end of that month. 7．Jenny said that she _______________(write) a letter when someone knocked at the door. 8．My friend told me that he would help me with my English _______ next day. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 or would give was writing the 9．He said he _______________ (not，see) his old friends for a long time. 10．Mary asked her daughter ______________ she was satisfied with her new room. 11．While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it ______(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming. 12．As soon as he comes back，I’ll tell him when you _____________ (come) and see him. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 课后请完成高效作业12 hadn’t seen whether/if will come is 感谢聆听，再见！ $$