Unit4 Period Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-【精彩三年】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册课程探究与巩固教师用书配套word

Period Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking(见学生用书P101) Space is for everybody. It's not just for a few people in science or maths, or for a select group of astronauts. That's our new frontier out there, and it's everybody's business to know about space. 太空属于每一个人。它不是只为了少数科学或数学界人士，或者特定的一群宇航员。那是我们的新领域，了解太空是每个人的事。 Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵) 1．__rocket__ n．火箭；火箭弹 2．__gravity__ n．重力；引力 3．__frontier__ n．边境；国界；边远地区 4．__vehicle__ n．交通工具；车辆 5．__determined__ adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→determine vt.查明；确定；决定 6．__satellite__ n．人造卫星；卫星 7．__launch__ vt.&n.发射；发起；上市 8．__orbit__ n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围　vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行 9．giant adj.__巨大的；伟大的__ n．巨人；巨兽；伟人 10．leap n.__跳跃；剧增；剧变__(leapt, leapt or leaped, leaped) vi.&vt.跳过；跃过 11．__mankind__ n．人类 12．__agency__ n．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处 13．transmit vt.&vi.__传输；发送__ 14．__data__ n．[pl.]资料；数据 15．spacecraft n.__航天器；宇宙飞船__ 16．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→__disappointment__n.失望；沮丧 17．__desire__ n．渴望；欲望　vt.渴望；期望 18．__universe__ n．宇宙；天地万物 19．independently adv.__独立地；自立地__→__independent__ adj.独立的；自立的 20．spacewalk n.__太空行走；太空行走的时间__ 21．jade n.__玉；翡翠；玉器__ 22．module n.__舱；组件；模块__ 23．__signal__ vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志 Ⅱ.语块记诵关(先填后记诵) 1．__carry__on__继续做，坚持干 2．__on__board__在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 3．__in__the__hope__of__doing__sth__抱着……的希望 4．__so__as__to__ (do sth)为了；以便 Ⅲ.佳句赏析关(先赏后译) 1．After many experiments，they succeeded in making rockets that could escape Earth's gravity. [赏析] 这是一个主从复合句。after短语作时间状语，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词rockets，且that在从句中作主语。 [翻译]　__经过多次实验之后，他们成功地造出了能够逃脱地球引力的火箭。__ 2．China became the third country in the world to independently send humans into space in 2003，when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. [赏析] 这是一个主从复合句。when引导非限制性定语从句，对2003年进行补充说明，to independently send humans into space是不定式短语作后置定语，修饰country。 [翻译]　__在2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独立把人类送入太空的国家，当时杨利伟在神舟五号宇宙飞船里成功地绕地球运行。__ 3．Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. [赏析] 这是一个主从复合句。that引导定语从句，修饰先行词discoveries，且that在从句中作主语。 [翻译]　__尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望能有更多有价值的发现，使人类能够在未来更好地生存下去。__ Ⅳ.课文理解关 词汇助读 原文 译文 ①frontier n．边境；国界；边远地区 ②vehicle n．交通工具；车辆 ③determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的 ④rocket n．火箭；火箭弹 ⑤gravity n．重力；引力 ⑥satellite n．人造卫星；卫星 ⑦launch vt.&n.发射；发起；上市 ⑧orbit n．(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围vt.&vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行 ⑨giant adj.巨大的；伟大的 n.巨人；巨兽；伟人 ⑩leap n．跳跃；剧增；剧变(leapt，leapt/leaped，leaped)vi.&vt.跳过；跃过 ⑪mankind n．人类 ⑫agency n．(政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处 ⑬transmit vt.&vi.传输；发送 ⑭data n．资料；数据 ⑮on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 ⑯astronaut n．宇航员；太空人 ⑰disappointment n．失望；沮丧 ⑱desire n．渴望；欲望vt.渴望；期望 ⑲carry on继续做，坚持干 SPACE：THE FINAL FRONTIER① “Are we alone? What's out there？” People have always looked up at the stars and wondered about space. Today, scientists design vehicles② to carry astronauts into space to make important discoveries. Space__exploration__has__come__a__long__way,__and__we__now__hope__to__discover__other__planets__that__are__suitable__enough__to__support__life.__ Before the mid­20th century，most people felt travelling into space was only a dream that could never come true. However, scientists were determined③ to realise that dream.After__many__experiments，they__succeeded__in__making__rockets④__that__could__escape__Earth's__gravity⑤.On 4 October 1957，the Sputnik 1 satellite⑥ was launched⑦ by the USSR and successfully orbited⑧ around Earth.Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.Over eight years later，on 20 July 1969，American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon，famously saying，“That's one small step for [a] man，one giant⑨ leap⑩ for mankind⑪.” Following this，there were many more important space achievements. For example, on 5 September 1977, America's NASA space agency⑫ launched Voyager 1 to study deep space, and it still transmits ⑬data⑭ to this day. And the International Space Station(1998) has provided a continuous human presence in space, with astronauts from many different countries on board⑮. Although__scientists__try__to__make__sure__nothing__goes__wrong，accidents__can__still__happen.For example, all the astronauts⑯on the Soyuz 11, Challenger, and Columbia spacecrafts died during their missions. However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment⑰， the desire⑱ to explore the universe did not die. This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on⑲ space exploration despite the huge risks. 太空：最后的边境 “我们是孤独的吗？太空以外有什么？”人们总是仰望星空，对太空充满好奇。如今，科学家们设计出各种飞行器，搭载宇航员进入太空，以获得重要发现。太空探索已经取得了长足的进步，我们现在希望能够发现其他适合孕育生命的行星。 在二十世纪中叶之前，绝大多数人认为进入太空只是一个永远无法实现的梦想。然而，科学家们决心实现这个梦想。经过多次实验之后，他们成功地造出了能够逃脱地球引力的火箭。在1957年10月4日，苏联成功发射了人造卫星“旅伴一号”，且成功地绕地球运行。后来苏联专注于研究送人类进入太空并且在1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。8年之后，也就是在1969年7月20日，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登上月球，他说过一句名言，“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。”在此之后，还有许多重要的太空成就。例如，1977 年 9 月 5 日，美国国家航空航天局(NASA)发射了 “旅行者 1 号”，对深空进行研究，至今仍在传输数据。国际空间站(1998 年)使人类在太空中持续生存，来自许多不同国家的宇航员都登上了国际空间站。 虽然科学家竭力确保不出任何错误，但事故仍然可能发生。例如，“苏伊士 11 号”、“挑战者号”和“哥伦比亚号”飞船上的所有宇航员都在执行任务时丧生。然而，虽然这些灾难带来了许多悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的愿望并没有消逝。这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。 续表 词汇助读 原文 译文 ⑳independently adv.独立地；自立地 spacecraft n．航天器；宇宙飞船 spacewalk n．太空行走；太空行走的时间 jade n．玉；翡翠；玉器 module n．舱；组件；模块 signal vt.&vi. 标志着；标明；发信号　n．信号；标志 　　China's space programme started later than those of Russia and the US，but it has made great progress in a short time.China became the third country in the world to independently⑳ send humans into space in 2003，when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraftB21.Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalkB22，followed by the vehicle JadeB23 Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.On 23 July 2020, China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars. It arrived in February 2021 and then sent back lots of valuable information. And from 2021 to 2022, China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space station. In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian moduleB24signaledB25the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments, greatly furthering our understanding of the universe. The__future__of__space__exploration__remains__bright.Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter.Despite the difficulties，scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future. 　　中国的太空计划起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但是在短时间内取得了很大进展。在2003年，中国成为世界上第三个独立把人类送入太空的国家，当时杨利伟在神舟五号宇宙飞船里成功地绕地球运行。此后，神舟六号和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行以及中国人的第一次太空行走，随后“玉兔”月球车被送上月球以研究其表面。2020 年 7 月 23 日，中国发射 “天问一号”探索火星表面。它于 2021 年 2 月抵达(火星)，随后发回了大量有价值的信息。从 2021 年到 2022 年，中国完成了多项火箭任务，建立了自己的空间站。2022 年，“梦天实验舱”的发射标志着 “天宫一号”空间站基本建成。这个现代化的空间站将使宇航员们能够进行许多重要的实验，大大加深我们对宇宙的了解。 太空探索的未来是光明的。很多国家都有计划要进一步研究火星和木星等行星。尽管困难重重，但科学家们希望能有更多有价值的发现，使人类能够在未来更好地生存下去。 Step 1　Pre­reading Task 1：Predict what the text is about. The text may be about __the__development__of__space__exploration__． Task 2：Predict the content Frontier：the border, which might mean the__humans'__recognition__edge__or__exploration__edge__． Step 2　While­reading Task 1：Fast reading Skim the text (P40－P41) to match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　　　A．China's great progress in space exploration. Para.2 B．Bright future of space exploration. Para.3 C．The earlier achievements of space exploration. Para.4 D．Humans' desire to explore space. Para.5 E．Continuous effort in spite of the disasters. Para.1—D　Para.2—C　Para.3—E　Para.4—A Para.5—B Task 2：Intensive reading Read the text carefully and choose the best answer. (　B　)1．What do scientists do to make important discoveries? A．Establish a space station. B．Make vehicles to send people into space. C．Look up at the stars. D．Transmit data back to Earth. (　C　)2．Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to Para.2? A．Travelling into space was an impossible dream before the mid­20th century. B．Rockets which could escape Earth's gravity made space exploration possible. C．Gagarin was the first man to step onto the moon. D．The International Space Station has provided a human presence in space, with astronauts from different countries. (　C　)3．Why do humans never cease(停止) space exploration despite the disasters? A．To enable the brave people to pay a visit to the space. B．To build space stations there. C．To convince us of the importance of carrying on space exploration. D．To make us realise the huge risks of space exploration. (　D　)4．What can we infer from Para. 4? A．Yang Liwei orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. B．China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars. C．In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module signaled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. D．China has made great achievements in exploring space. (　A　)5．What's the author's attitude to space exploration? A．Supportive.　　　B．Neutral. C．Objective. D．Negative. Task 3：Further reading Read the text carefully again and fill in the blanks. Time Events On 4 October 1957 The Sputnik 1 satellite was 1．__launched by the USSR and successfully 2．__orbited__ around Earth. On 12 April 1961 Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. On 20 July 1969 Neil Armstrong stepped onto the moon，saying，“That's one small step for [a] man，one giant 3．__leap__ for mankind.” On 5 September 1977 America launched Voyager 1 to study deep space，and it still 4．__transmits__ data today. In 2003 China became the third country in the world to 5．__independently__ send humans into space and Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft. Step 3　Post­reading—Critical Thinking Task 1：赏语言 1．第一段中的 “always looked up at the stars and wondered about space”突显了人们对太空的好奇。 2．第二段第三句中的escape用词精妙、地道；第六句中的stepped突显了“人类终于真正地在太空中行走了”，并突出强调了“步伐的踏实、坚定、有力”； giant leap突显“人类进入太空以前是从来不敢期冀的，现在终于实现了”，这是一个质的飞跃。 Task 2：析结构 本文主要讲述了人类对太空的探索。本文一开始讲述人们对太空的好奇以及科学家们的付出。尽管经历了很多失败，但科学家们探索太空的决心依然坚定。同时，文章叙述了中国在太空探索中取得的成就以及全世界对未来太空探索的期盼。文章是以“总——分——总”结构来行文的。文章中有明线和暗线两个线索。 段落 明线 暗线 行文 Para.1 Scientists work hard to make discoveries.　 curious 总 Para.2 Scientists succeeded in sending people into space. ground­ breaking 分 Para.3 Disasters can't stop people from exploring the space. determined 分 Para.4 China has made great progress in space exploration. encouraging/ inspiring 分 Para.5 The future of space exploration remains bright. hopeful 总 Task 3：落素养 2023年5月22日，神舟十六号船箭组合体转运至发射区。2023年5月30日9时31分，搭载神舟十六号载人飞船的长征二号F遥十六运载火箭在酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空，航天员乘组状态良好，发射取得圆满成功。神舟十六号航天员乘组由景海鹏、朱杨柱、桂海潮3名航天员组成。2023年7月20日21时40分，经过约8小时的出舱活动，神舟十六号航天员景海鹏、朱杨柱、桂海潮密切协同，在空间站机械臂支持下，圆满完成出舱活动全部既定任务，出舱活动取得圆满成功。2023年9月21日15时45分，“天宫课堂”第四课开课，神舟十六号航天员景海鹏、朱杨柱、桂海潮面向全国青少年进行太空科普授课。 Step 4　Summary Writing 根据课文内容，完成概要填空。 Mankind has always been curious 1．__about__space though it was impossible before the mid­20th century. Through the efforts of some scientists, people managed 2．__to__go__(go) into space by spaceship. Although there are very 3．__unfortunate__ (fortunate) accidents, that still did not stop people's desire for space exploration because scientists believe in the great significance of space exploration. 4． __Although/Though__ China started late in space exploration, it has made rapid progress and attracted worldwide attention. Many countries have plans to further study plants and scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will 5．__enable__(able) the humankind to survive well into the future. Part 1　核心词汇解读 1．However, scientists were determined to realise that dream.然而，科学家们决心实现这个梦想。(教材P40) determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的 (1)be determined to do sth决心做某事(强调状态) (2)determine vt.决定；确定；查明 determine to do sth决定/决心做某事(强调动作) It's determined that．.. 确定…… (3)determination n．决心；毅力 with determination有决心 be determined (not) to do sth表示状态，是一种延续状态，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用，而determine to do sth表示动作，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。 【语境助记】 He has been determined to learn English well, so he determined to read English every morning with great determination.I'm sure he will succeed in learning it well one day. 他决心学好英语，因此他决定每天早晨用坚强的毅力读英语。我相信总有一天他会成功地学好它的。 【活学活用】 (1)The three­month voyage was dangerous but she was determined to go. 三个月的航行是危险的，但她决定去。 (2)His father made a __determined__(determine) effort to quit smoking. 他爸爸下定决心戒烟。 (3)As he was determined to study hard，he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbour to read at night. ＝__Determined__to__study__hard__，he bored a hole in the wall to “steal” light from his neighbour to read at night. 决心努力学习，他在墙上钻了一个洞从邻居家“偷”光以便晚上读书。 (4)单句语法填空 ①She determined __to__work__(work) twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time. ②It was determined__that__ she had died of natural causes. ③__Determined__(determine) to perform well in the final exam, I'm busy preparing for it. ④As the professor puts it, it is a positive attitude that __determines__(determine) people's success. ⑤Her __determination__(determine), teamwork skills and leadership capabilities convinced us that she was the ideal candidate for the job. ⑥She will get the job she wants—she's a very __determined__(determine) person. They agreed never to quarrel again, determining to treasure what they had and live the life to the fullest. 他们同意不再争吵，决心珍惜他们所拥有的，过上最充实的生活。 2．On 4 October 1957，the Sputnik 1 satellite was launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth.在1957年10月4日，苏联成功发射了人造卫星“旅伴一号”，且成功地绕地球运行。(教材P40) launch vt.&n. (to send sth such as a spacecraft into the sky or into space)发射；发起；(to make a product available to the public for the first time)上市 (1)launch an attack 发起攻击 launch a rocket/missile发射火箭/导弹 launch a campaign发起一场运动 launch a new product推出新产品 (2)a rocket launch火箭发射 a product launch 产品的投放市场 the launch of ．.. ……的发射/发起/发行 【活学活用】 (1)After the Dragon spacecraft were launched successfully many times，SpaceX launched an advertisement campaign：the new model will be launched in two months. SpaceX公司设计的“龙”飞船多次成功发射后，该公司开始了一场宣传运动：其新型号宇宙飞船将在两个月后推出。 (2)The company's spending has also risen following the __launch__ of a new Sunday magazine. 公司的开支也随着一份新的星期日杂志的发行而增加。 (3)The police have __launched__ an investigation into the incident. 警察已经开始对此事件进行调查。 (4)写出下列各句中launch的中文意思 ①NASA plans to launch a satellite to study cosmic rays.__发射__ ②Our marketing people have come up with a great idea for the launch of the new model. __上市__ ③The organisation has launched a campaign to raise $150，000.__发起__ In 2018, the Swedish launched a campaign to pick up rubbish while jogging. It was called plogging. In recent years, it has gained popularity around the world. 2018年，瑞典人发起了一项慢跑捡垃圾的运动。它被称为plogging。近年来，它在世界各地都很受欢迎。 3．However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die. 然而，虽然这些灾难带来了许多悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的愿望并没有消失。(教材P41) disappointment n．(a feeling of unhappiness because something is not as good as you expected, or has not happened in the way you hoped)失望；沮丧 (1)to one's disappointment 令某人失望/沮丧的是 (2)disappoint vt. 使失望 (3)disappointing adj.令人失望的 (4)disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的 be disappointed with/in sb 对某人失望 be disappointed at/by sth 对某事失望 be disappointed to do sth 对做某事感到失望 【活学活用】 (1)The film was built up to be a masterpiece，but I found it very __disappointing__．There was a __disappointed__ look on my dad's face as well. 这部影片被吹捧为杰作，可是我觉得很令人失望。我爸爸的脸上也露出了失望的表情。 (2)What __disappoints__ me most is that only 10% of the students choose to read in their spare time in order to acquire knowledge and improve writing ability. 最令我感到失望的是，只有百分之十的学生为了获取知识和提高写作能力而在空闲时间选择阅读。 (3) __Disappointed__and__frustrated__， the poor man made his way back to his home. 失望又沮丧，这个可怜的人回到了家里。 (4)__To__her__disappointment__， her best friend didn't come to her birthday party. 令她感到失望的是，她最好的朋友没有参加她的生日晚会。 I took part in the programme in order to improve my English, but to my disappointment, the class was packed with too many students, in which case we were not able to practise a lot. 我参加这个项目是为了提高我的英语水平，但令我失望的是，班里的学生太多了，在这种情况下，我们无法进行很多练习。 desire n．(a strong feeling that you want something)渴望；欲望vt.(to want something, especially strongly)渴望；期望 (1)have a strong desire (2)desire to do sth渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth想要某人做某事 desire that．..(should) do sth期望……(应该)做某事 (3)desirable adj.值得拥有的；值得做的；理想的 【语境助记】 He had a strong desire to get his desirable things; he also desired that his son be admitted to a key university，so he desired his son to work hard at school. 他迫切想得到他想要的东西，他也希望他的儿子被一所重点大学录取，因此他渴望他的儿子在学校努力学习。 desire不用于进行时态；意为“期望”时，后接宾语从句，宾语从句中的谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。另外，含desire的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。 【活学活用】 (1)Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire __to__succeed__(succeed). 尽管如此，她的勇气和对成功的强烈渴望令世人印象深刻。 (2)I desire that these letters should __be__burned/burnt__(burn) after I leave. 我期望我走了以后(有人)把这些信件都烧掉。 (3)新译林必修第一册You have both a new desire__for__independence and a continued need for your parents' love and support. 你既对独立充满新的渴望，又对父母的爱与支持有不断的需求。 (4)__It__ is much desired that immediate help __(should)__be__given__(give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood. 人们非常希望立即给被洪水困住的当地村民提供帮助。 (1)Finally, I am wondering how much I shall pay for the course. It's much desired that it (should) be within my range. 最后，我想知道我应该为这门课程支付多少钱。我非常希望它在我的承受范围内。 (2)I stood up and tried to look composed(＝calm), but my heart beat faster, my lips trembling with desire. 我站起身来，竭力装出一副镇静的样子，但我的心跳加速，嘴唇哆哆嗦嗦，欲言又止。 4．This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。(教材P41) carry on继续做，坚持干 carry on a conversation继续交谈 carry on doing sth继续做某事 carry on with sth(＝go on with sth)继续做某事 【活学活用】 (1)Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work. 她的勇气激发了他继续生活和工作的意愿。 (2)She threw the ball back to the boy and then carried on __reading__(read) her book. 她把球扔回给那个男孩，然后继续看她的书。 (3)It is difficult to __carry__on__a conversation with all this noise around us. 周围很吵闹，要在这里继续谈话很困难。 In the future, with more determination and persistence, I will carry on with my work, committing myself to making more progress in learning English. 在未来的日子里，我将以更大的决心和毅力继续我的学习，致力于在英语学习上取得更大的进步。 【拓展归纳】 carry out 实施；执行 carry off 成功地完成；赢得；获得(奖项) carry (sb/sth) through 帮助(某人)渡过难关；成功完成(某事) carry away 带走；拿走；搬走 【语境助记】 You should carry out the order and carry on with the task until it is carried through. 你应该执行命令，继续执行任务，直到它被成功地完成为止。 【活学活用】 用carry短语的适当形式填空 (1)If you __carry__on__ working like that, you will break down sooner or later. (2)The Chinese volleyball team played so well that they __carried__off__ all the prizes in volleyball games. (3)First of all，the most significant thing is to set a goal，work out a plan and __carry__out__ your plan step by step. (4)Their timely help and donation helped the family to __carry__through__ such a difficult time. 5．And the International Space Station(1998) has provided a continuous human presence in space, with astronauts from many different countries on board. 国际空间站(1998年)使人类在太空中持续生存，来自许多不同国家的宇航员都登上了国际空间站。(教材P40) on board在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 【拓展归纳】 (1)board vt.&vi.登上(船/火车/飞机等) (2)aboard adv.&prep.上船(飞机/火车等)；在船(飞机/火车等)上 go aboard the ship/the plane/the train ＝board the ship/the plane/the train 上船/飞机/火车 Welcome aboard! 欢迎各位乘客！ All aboard！请上船！ (3)board n. 布告板，公告栏；跳板；董事会；伙食 a comment board 评论板 a diving board 跳水板 on the board 在董事会 bed and board 食宿 【活学活用】 (1)“We've watched him grow and become more responsible and thoughtful. He is enjoying life more as well as making academic progress，” wrote one parent on the website's comment board. “我们看着他成长，变得更有责任感，更有思想。他在学业上取得进步的同时，也更享受生活了，”一位家长在该网站的评论板上写道。 (2)Have all the passengers gone __on__board__ yet? The plane is taking off in ten minutes. 所有乘客都登机了吗？飞机十分钟后起飞。 (3)All the visitors __on__board__ were asked to show their passports. 飞机上所有的参观者都被要求出示护照。 (4)That afternoon __aboard__ the train，the cousins settled down in their seats. 那天下午在火车上，表兄弟俩在座位上坐了下来。 (5)Six months ago Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in China and__boarded/went__aboard__a plane for London. 六个月前，谢蕾告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦的飞机。 (6)I am sure he should be very welcome to bed and __board__ at my house. 我保证，我们热烈欢迎他来我家吃住。 On that warm March evening, the bus trudged forward on the muddy road with the old man on board. 在那个温暖的三月傍晚，公共汽车载着老人在泥泞的道路上艰难前行。 6．In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module signaled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station. 2022 年，“梦天实验舱”的发射标志着 “天宫一号”空间站基本建成。(教材P41) signal vt.&vi.标志着；标明；发信号　n．信号；标志 (1)signal to sb to do sth示意某人做某事 signal that．..示意…… (2)give signals/a signal to sb 向某人发信号 a danger/warning signal 危险/警告信号 a traffic signal交通信号灯 send a signal发出信号 【词语辨析】 signal，symbol，sign，mark的区别 signal 指为某一目的而有意发出的信号 symbol 指象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物 sign 普通用词，指人们公认的事物的标志，也可指某种情况的征兆 mark 普通用词，含义广泛，既可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征 【活学活用】 (1)When he saw the traffic signal turn red，which is a signal of pause，he signaled to his friend to stop. 当他看到交通信号灯变成红色，那是一个暂停的信号，他示意他的朋友停下来。 (2)In order not to be heard，she pointed her finger upwards __to__signal__(signal) that someone was moving about upstairs. 为了不让别人听到自己的声音，她竖起手指示意有人正在楼上走动。 (3) She __signaled__to__/gave__a__signal__to__ the drivers behind her that they were going the wrong way. 她示意后面的司机他们走错路了。 (4)选词填空(signal，symbol，sign) ①In Chinese culture，red is a __symbol__ of luck and happiness. ②The gathering dark clouds is a __sign__ that a big storm is on the way. ③The __signal__ for a race to start is often the firing of a gun. (1)Olav shouted at the top of his lungs and waved his arms in the air, signaling to the panicked crowd to run towards his van. 奥拉夫扯着嗓子大喊，在空中挥舞着双臂，示意惊慌失措的人群向他的货车跑去。 (2)Mike swallowed hard, took a deep breath and then waited calmly for the start signal. 迈克使劲咽了一口唾沫，深吸了一口气，然后平静地等待开始的信号。 Part 2　核心句型剖析 1．．..on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.……在1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。(教材P40) 句型公式： 【拓展归纳】 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only、the last等修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。 (2)当修饰的名词为抽象名词时，常用不定式作后置定语。常见的该类词有ability、chance、ambition、offer、anxiety、answer、reply、attempt、belief等。 【活学活用】 (1)The first mammal __to__be__cloned__(clone) successfully from an adult cell was Dolly the sheep. 第一只成功地用成年体细胞克隆出的哺乳动物是多利羊。 (2)He is __the__best__man__to__do__ the job for his brilliant leadership. 由于他出色的领导才能，他是做这项工作的最佳人选。 (3)She has the ability__to__explain__(explain)things clearly and concisely. 她有清楚而简洁地解释事情的能力。 (4)There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts __to__contact__ (contact) you failed. 那个遥远的小村子里没有信号，我与你联络的所有尝试都失败了。 Being an active, hard­working, and tolerant person, I not only have excellent academic performance but also have participated in a variety of activities, from which I have improved my leadership and communication skills as well as the ability to do teamwork. 我是一个积极向上、吃苦耐劳、宽容的人，不仅学习成绩优秀，还参加了各种活动，从中提升了自己的领导能力、沟通能力和团队合作能力。 2．This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。(教材P41) 句型公式： This/That was/is because．.. 意为“这/那是因为……”，because引导表语从句。 【拓展归纳】 (1)This/That is why．..意为“这/那是为什么……”，用来表示结果，why引导表语从句。 (2)The reason why．..is that．..．意为“……的原因是……”，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。 【活学活用】 一句多译 (1)他没有赶上第一班公交车，那是因为他今天早上起晚了。 ①He missed the first bus and that was __because__ he got up late this morning. ②He got up late this morning，and that was__why__ he missed the first bus. ③The reason why he missed the school bus was __that__he__got__up__late__this__morning__． (2)我向你推荐这本书是因为它强调了好习惯的重要性。 ①I recommend this book to you; __that's__because__it stresses the importance of good habits. ②The book stresses the importance of good habits. __That's__why__ I recommend this book to you. ③__The__reason__why__ I recommend this book to you__is__that__ it stresses the importance of good habits. The reason why I won't be available at that time is that my grandfather was ill suddenly and my family are taking turns to take care of him in the hospital. 那时我没空的原因是我爷爷突然病了，我们家人轮流在医院照顾他。 3． Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface. 此后，神舟六号和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行以及中国人的第一次太空行走，随后“玉兔”月球车被送上月球以研究其表面。(教材P41) 句型公式： 句型解读： 句中followed by．..是过去分词短语作伴随状语，可以转换为and was followed by．..。 (1)过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致，过去分词与逻辑主语之间一般是被动关系。 (2)表示时间、原因、条件、让步的过去分词可以转换成相应的状语从句或并列结构。 Seen from the hill(＝When it is seen from the hill), the park looks very beautiful.(时间状语) 从山上看，公园看起来非常美丽。 Deeply moved by the story(＝Because they were deeply moved by the story ), the excited people stopped quarrelling with each other.(原因状语) 激动的人们被这个故事深深地感动了，停止了争吵。 【活学活用】 (1)Exposed to the sun for a long time, his skin was sunburnt. 长时间暴露在阳光下，他的皮肤晒伤了。 (2)__Left__alone__at__home____，Jenny didn't feel afraid at all. 尽管被单独留在家里，但是珍妮一点都不害怕。 (3)单句语法填空 ①__Asked__(ask) why he did it, the monitor said that it was his duty. ②__Caught__(catch) in a heavy rain，he was all wet. ③The professor sat there cheerfully, __surrounded__(surround) by his students. Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged. 虽然被对手打败了，但队员们并不气馁。 温馨说明：课后请完成高效作业17) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$