Unit1 Period Ⅱ Reading and Thinking-【精彩三年】2023-2024学年新教材高中英语必修第三册课程探究与巩固教师用书配套word

Period Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking(见学生用书P7) Over the sea grows the moon bright；we gaze on it far, far apart.海上生明月，天涯共此时。 Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵) 1．__range__ n．一系列；范围、界限vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化 2．__origin__ n．起源；起因；出身 3．religion n．宗教；宗教信仰→__religious__ adj.宗教的；笃信宗教的 4．__figure__ n．人物；数字；身材　vt.认为；认定 5．charm n. __魅力；迷人的特征；咒语__ 6．joy n．高兴；喜悦→__joyful__adj.高兴的；快乐的 7．__harvest__ n．收获季节；收获；收成 vi.&vt.收割(庄稼)；捕猎(动物、鱼) 8．agriculture n．农业；农艺→__agricultural__ adj.农业(劳动/生产) 9．__crop__ n．庄稼；作物；一季的收成 10．__gather__ vi.聚集；集合　vt.聚集；搜集；收割 11．__grateful__ adj.感激的；表示感谢的→gratitude n.__感激之情；感谢__ 12．__feature__ vt.以……为特色　n．特色；特征；特点 13．__decorate__ vt.装饰；装潢 14．__church__ n．(基督教的)教堂；礼拜堂 15．__significant__ adj.有重大意义的；显著的 16．fade vi.&vt.__逐渐消失；(使)褪色；(身体)变得虚弱__ 17．__typical__ adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的 18．firecracker n. __鞭炮；爆竹__ 19．evil adj. __邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的__　n．邪恶；罪恶；恶行 20．__commercial__ adj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的→commercialise vt.__使商业化；利用……牟利__ →commercialisation n.__商业化__ 21．__medium__ n．(pl. __media__)媒介；手段；方法　adj.中等的；中号的 22．__reflect__ vt.显示；反映；反射 23．__belief__ n．信仰；信心；信任 24．__faith__ n．宗教信仰；信任；相信 25．__occasion__ n．特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会 Ⅱ.语块记诵关(先填后记诵) 1．range __from__．..__to__．.. 包括从……到……之间 2．take advantage __of__利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 3．have sth__in__ common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征 4．__in__ spite __of__ 不管；尽管 5．fade __away__ 逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱 6．the media __大众传播媒介__ 7．__all__ around the world 全世界；遍布世界各地 8．a wide __range__ of 大范围的；许多各种不同的 9．__take__place__发生；举行 10．__gather__ in crops收割庄稼 11．be __grateful__ for…对……心存感激 12．decorate…__with__…用……装饰…… 13．__admire__ the shining moon欣赏明月 14．play a significant __role__ in…在……中起重要作用 15．__over__ time随着时间的流逝/推移 16．__establish__ new traditions建立新的传统 17．__drive__away__ the evil spirits 把邪灵赶走 18．for a little __while__ 一会儿 Ⅲ.佳句赏析关(先赏后译) 1．However, no matter how different they may seem，all over the world，the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude，love，or peace is common in all festivals. [赏析] 该句主干为“the spirit is common”，no matter how引导让步状语从句。 [翻译]__然而，无论它们看起来多么迥异，在世界各地，分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日之中。__ 2．People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year's supply of food. [赏析] to show为动词不定式作目的状语，that引导宾语从句。 [翻译]__人们举行庆祝活动来表达对这一年食物供应的感激之情。__ 3．Another example is Halloween，which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins. [赏析] which引导非限制性定语从句。 [翻译]__另一个例子是万圣节，尽管它起源于宗教，但它慢慢地成了一个让孩子们兴奋的节日。__ 4．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial，with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. [赏析] “with＋n.＋动词­ing形式”作伴随状语。 [翻译]__随着商家对庆祝活动的利用，节日也变得越来越商业化了。__ Ⅳ.课文理解关 词汇助读 原文 译文 ①range n．一系列；范围、界限 ②origin n．起源；起因；出身 ③religion n．宗教；宗教信仰 ④figure n．人物；数字；身材 vt.认为；认定 ⑤charm n．魅力；迷人的特征；咒语 ⑥joy n．高兴；喜悦 ⑦gratitude n．感激之情；感谢 ⑧harvest n．收获季节；收获；收成 ⑨agricultural adj.农业(劳动/生产) ⑩crop n．庄稼；作物；一季的收成 ⑪gather vt.聚集；搜集；收割 ⑫grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的 ⑬feature vt.以……为特色 ⑭decorate vt.装饰；装潢 ⑮church n．(基督教的)教堂；礼拜堂 ⑯significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的 ⑰fade away 逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱 ⑱typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的 ⑲in spite of 不管；尽管 ⑳commercial adj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的 take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 medium n. (pl.media)媒介；手段；方法 WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS? Festivals are celebrated all around the world.They have a wide range① of origins②，such as the seasons of the year，religions③，famous figures④，and important events.Every festival has its different customs and unique charms⑤. However，no matter how different they may seem，all over the world，the spirit of sharing joy⑥，gratitude⑦，love，or peace is common in all festivals. Of all the traditional festivals，the harvest⑧ festival can be found in almost every culture.This important agricultural⑨ festival takes place after all the crops⑩ have been gathered⑪ in.People celebrate to show that they are grateful⑫ for the year's supply of food. In ancient Egypt，the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime—the Egyptian harvest season.It featured⑬ a parade and a great feast with music，dancing，and sports.Today，in some European countries，people decorate⑭ churches⑮ and town halls with flowers and fruit，and get together to celebrate over a meal.During the Mid­Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. Customs play a significant⑯ role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away⑰ and others may be established.One example is the typical⑱ Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year.Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution.Another example is Halloween，which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of⑲ its religious origins. 我们为什么庆祝节日？ 全世界都在庆祝各种节日。它们有各种各样的起源，例如时节、宗教、著名人物和重大事件。每个节日都有其不同的习俗和独特的魅力。然而，无论它们看起来多么迥异，在世界各地，分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日之中。 在所有的传统节日中，丰收节几乎在每个文化中都能被找到。这一重要的农耕节日(一般)会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。人们举行庆祝活动来表达对这一年食物供应的感激之情。在古埃及，收获的节日通常在春季——埃及人的收获季节举行。它以游行和一场由音乐、舞蹈和运动组成的盛大宴会为特色。如今，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果去装饰教堂和市政厅，聚在一起，共享大餐，以示庆祝。在中国中秋节期间，家庭成员团聚在一起，共赏明月，品尝美味的月饼。 习俗在节日中起着重要的作用，但是有时它们会随着时间的推移而改变。随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会逐渐消失，而另一些传统可能会建立起来。为了驱逐恶魔和庆祝新年，在春节燃放鞭炮的习俗就是一个典型的例子。如今，为了避免空气污染，很多大城市已经放弃了这个习俗。另一个例子是万圣节，尽管它起源于宗教，但它慢慢地成了一个让孩子们兴奋的节日。 续表 词汇助读 原文 译文 reflect vt.显示；反映；反射 belief n．信仰；信心；信任 faith n．宗教信仰；信任；相信 occasion n．特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会 have sth in common(兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征 　　Festivals are becoming more and more commercial⑳， with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.Online shopping websites and social mediaB22 apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised，others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. Festivals are an important part of society.They reflectB23 people's wishes，beliefsB24，faithsB25，and attitudes towards life.They are occasionsB26 that allow us to relax and enjoy life，and forget about our work for a little while.They help us understand where we came from，who we are，and what to appreciate.And if you study festivals carefully，you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in commonB27 after all. 　　随着商家对庆祝活动的利用，节日也变得越来越商业化了。购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们花更多的钱为所爱的人买礼物。虽然有些人认为节日不应该被商业化，但另一些人却认为，消费的增加对经济的发展和公众的幸福感提升都是有好处的。 节日是社会的一个重要部分。它们反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。它们是让我们放松下来，享受生活和暂时忘记工作的机会。它们帮助我们理解我们来自何方、我们是谁和我们应该感恩什么。如果你仔细研究一下各种节日，你可能会惊讶地发现不同的文化实际上还是有很多共同点。 Step 1　Pre­reading Predict what the text is probably about. The text is probably about __the__reasons__why__festivals__are__celebrated__all__around____the____world__． Step 2　While­reading Task 1: Fast reading Skim the text(P4&P5) and match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　A．the traditional harvest festival Para.2 B．the commercialisation of festivals Para.3 C．the changes of customs in festivals Para.4 D．the significance of festivals Para.5 E.the origins and spirit of festivals Para.1—E　Para.2—A　Para.3—C　Para.4—B Para.5—D Task 2: Intensive reading Read the text carefully and choose the best answer to each question. (　B　)1．Why do people celebrate the harvest festival in almost every culture? A．To have a parade on the street. B．To show they are grateful for the year's supply of food. C．To have a great feast with music, dancing and sports. D．To decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit. (　A　)2．How does the author support his topic sentence in Paragraph 3? A．By giving examples. B．By listing figures. C．By making comparisons. D．By analysing cause and effect. (　B　)3．Why is the custom of lighting firecrackers banned during the Spring Festival? A．To drive away the evil spirits. B．To avoid air pollution. C．To make the Spring Festival an exciting festival for children. D．To save money and spend more on gifts. (　B　)4．What is the origin of Halloween related to? A．Children.　　　　 B．Religions. C．Famous figures. D．Important events. (　A　)5．What do festivals all over the world have in common? A．They share the same spirit. B．They have different origins. C．They are celebrated in the same way. D．They come from important events. Task 3: Further reading Read the text carefully again and fill in the blanks. Why Do We Celebrate Festivals？ Introduction 1.the__origins__ of festivals the 3.__seasons__of the year religions famous figures important events the common 2.__spirit__ of festivals sharing joy， 4.__gratitude， love, or peace Body The harvest festival is commonly celebrated throughout the world, and mostly people show their 5.__gratitude__ for the year's supply of food. 6.__Customs__ play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can 7.__change__ over time. Festivals are becoming more and more 8.__commercial． Conclusion Festivals are an important part of society, reflecting people's wishes, 9.__beliefs,__faiths and 10.__attitudes__ towards life. Step 3　Post­reading—Critical Thinking Task 1：赏语言 1．在第一段中，作者使用短语a wide range of来表示节日起源种类繁多；作者在charms之前使用形容词 unique作为修饰语，鲜明地表达出了每一个节日都有其独特的魅力。 2．在第四段中，作者使用短语take advantage of 来表达商家利用节日来获利，作者还用some．..others．..来客观地陈述人们对商业化现象的不同观点。 Task 2：析结构 Task 3：理文化 万圣节起源于古代凯尔特人的萨温节 (Samhain)，生活在英伦列岛的凯尔特人把离 11 月 1 日最近的一个月圆日定为节日。后来罗马天主教会把这一天命名为万圣节，在英国被称为 All Hallows' Day(万圣节)。那么万圣 “Hallow” 加上前夜 “een” 就成了 Halloween 这个美式表达。Halloween 指的是万圣节前夜。 Dressing up in costumes (盛装打扮)是最受欢迎的万圣节风俗之一，人们会穿戴一些特别的服装、面具或者装饰来吓跑鬼魂。 Trick or Treat (不给糖就捣乱)是现代万圣节的风俗。孩子们穿着特殊的衣服走街串巷，讨取糖果和玩具之类的赏赐。如果他们得不到任何的赏赐，就可能会对屋主大搞恶作剧或者胡闹了。 Step 4　Summary Writing 根据课文内容，完成概要填空。 Festivals worldwide may have different 1．__origins__， but the traditional harvest festival is celebrated in almost every culture. Significantly，2．__customs__have a great influence on festival celebrations. However, they can change over time with some traditions 3．__fading__away and others newly established. Although festivals are becoming more and more 4．__commercial__， they still 5．__reflect__people's wishes, beliefs, faiths and attitudes towards life. Part 1　核心词汇解读 1．They have a wide range of origins，such as the seasons of the year，religions，famous figures, and important events. 它们有各种各样的起源，例如时节、宗教、著名人物和重大事件。(教材P4) range (1)n.(a variety of things of a particular type)一系列；(the limits between which sth varies)(变动或浮动的)范围、界限；(the distance over which sth can be seen or heard)视觉(或听觉)范围 a wide range of各种各样的 in/within range (of．..)在(……)可及的范围内 beyond/out of range (of．..) 超出(……的)范围 in the range of．.. to．.. 在……到……之间 (2)vi.(to include everything between specified limits)包括；(to vary between two particular amounts, sizes, etc., including others between them)(在一定范围内)变化 range from．..to．..＝vary from．..to．..包括从……到……之间 range between A and B在A和B范围之间变动 【语境助记】 There is a wide range of animals in the zoo, ranging from cats to tigers. 动物园里有各种各样的动物，包括从猫到老虎。 【活学活用】 (1)It's best to stay __beyond/out__of__range__of__ recording equipment. 最好待在录音设备所及范围之外。 (2)新译林必修第三册The documentary script below describes the Amazon Rainforest, which is home to __a__wide__range__of__ wildlife. 下面的纪录片脚本描述了亚马孙雨林，它是各种野生动植物的家园。 (3)A study shows the safe driving speed __ranges__from__ 60 km to 80 km per hour. ＝A study shows the safe driving speed is __in__the__range__of__ 60 km to 80 km per hour. 一项研究表明安全驾驶的速度为每小时60千米到80千米。 (4)The listeners are mostly middle school students, and their ages range from 12 to 18. (并列句) ＝The listeners are mostly middle school students __whose__ages__range__from__ 12 to 18. (定语从句) ＝The listeners are mostly middle school students, __with__their__ages__ranging__from__ 12 to 18.(with复合结构) 听众大多是中学生，他们的年龄从12岁到18岁不等。 Nearly every student demonstrated their works online and the presentations ranged from cooking traditional meals, how to perform first aid, to tips on growing vegetables on the balcony. 几乎每个学生都在网上展示了他们的作品，演示内容包括从烹饪传统菜肴到如何急救，再到在阳台上种植蔬菜的窍门。 figure (1)n.(someone who is important in some way)人物；(the shape of the human body)身材；(a number representing an amount, especially one given in official information)数字 keep one's figure 保持体形 have a good figure 身材好 a political/public figure 一位政治/公众人物 (2)vt.(to think or decide that something will happen or is true)认为；认定 【语境助记】 Lucy is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in our town. She gets up to take exercise every day. Now I figure out how she has kept her figure for all these years. 露西被认为是我们镇上最鼓舞人心的人物之一。她每天起床后去锻炼。现在我明白她这些年是如何保持身材的了。 【活学活用】 (1)If you want to __keep__your__figure__， please follow me and keep taking exercise every day. 如果你想保持身材，请跟着我每天坚持锻炼吧。 (2)I want to interview the scientist, because he is recognised as one of the greatest __figures__(figure) in the world nowadays. 我想采访这位科学家，因为他被公认为是当今世界上最伟大的人物之一。 (3)If you don't understand something，you may research, study, and talk to other people until you __figure__it__out__． 如果你不了解某事物，你可以研究、学习、与其他人探讨，直到你把它弄清楚。 (4)写出下列各句中figure的中文意思 ①As for my favourite figure in Chinese history, it must be Wei Yuan, a great thinker in the late Qing Dynasty.__人物__ ②In my eyes, she looks like a child, with her tiny figure.__身材__ ③It would be very nice if we had an accurate figure of how many people in this country haven't got a job.__数字__ ④Experts figure that the recently discovered painting may be Picasso's.__认为__ All of a sudden, I found my father so arresting, a fine figure of a man with handsome features and noble manners. 突然，我发现我的父亲是如此引人注目，一个有着英俊容貌和高贵风度的人。 2．This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in.这一重要的农耕节日(一般)会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。(教材P4) gather (1)vt. (to collect several things, often from different places or people)收集；搜集；聚集；收割 gather information/evidence/firewood 搜集信息/证据/收集木柴 gather．..up收集，把……收起来 gather．..in 收割…… gather (up) one's courage to do sth鼓起勇气去做某事 (2) vi. 聚集；集合 gather together　　　聚集在一起 gather around/round 围拢 【活学活用】 (1)新概念2It was the last day of the year and a large crowd of people had gathered under the Town Hall clock. 那天是那一年中的最后一天，一大群人都聚集在市政厅的大钟下。 (2)She __gathered__up__ the newspapers that were scattered around the floor. 她把散落在地板上的报纸收起来。 (3)People are grateful because their crops __are__gathered__in__ for the winter and the agricultural work is over. 人们都心怀感激因为他们过冬的庄稼收割好了，农活结束了。 (4)Many people in the square were attracted by the beautiful music and they soon __gathered__round/around__ the performers. 广场上的许多人被美妙的音乐吸引住了，他们很快就聚集在表演者的旁边。 (5)She was gathering up her courage __to__approach__(approach) him when he called to her. 他叫她的时候，她正在鼓起勇气走近他。 【词语辨析】 gather与collect的区别 gather 意为“收集，聚集”，指把分散的东西或抽象的东西聚集起来，也可指把人集中、聚集起来。 collect 意为“收集，采集”，着重于计划性和选择性，指有计划、有目的、有选择地“收集”。 【活学活用】 用gather和collect的适当形式填空 (1)The captain __gathered__ all the soldiers before him, telling them to get ready for the fight. (2)We have __collected__ 30 samples from over 200 patients. She smiled radiantly, gathered her son in her arms and held him close. 她喜笑颜开，把儿子拢过来紧紧抱在怀里。 3．It featured a parade and a great feast with music，dancing，and sports. 它以游行和一场由音乐、舞蹈和运动组成的盛大宴会为特色。(教材P4) feature (1)vt. (to include someone or something as an important part)以……为特色 (2)n. (a typical quality or an important part of something)特色；特征；特点；专题节目；容貌；五官 the main/important feature 主要的/重要的特征 a feature of．.. 一个…… 的特色/特征/特点 【活学活用】 (1)It's an Australian company whose logo features a red kangaroo. 它是一家澳大利亚的公司，其标志是一只红色袋鼠。 (2)The hour­long programme will be updated each week and feature highlights from recent games. 这个一小时的节目将每周更新，并将重点介绍近期比赛的精彩部分。 (3)The town's main __features__ are its beautiful temples and ancient marketplaces. 漂亮的寺院和古老的集市是该镇的主要特色。 (4)写出下列各句中feature的中文意思 ①Teamwork is a key feature of the training programme.__特点/特色__ ②He was a lad eighteen or nineteen years old, small in build, with delicate(精致的) features.__容貌__ ③This is a special feature on education. __专题节目__ ④The exhibition features paintings by Picasso.__以……为特色__ In addition, you can also invite some specialists to give lectures on topics such as origins and features of traditional Chinese music, which will help students gain a deeper insight into it. 此外，你还可以邀请一些专家就中国传统音乐的起源和特点等主题发表演讲，这将有助于学生获得对其更深层次的理解。 4．Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. 如今，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果去装饰教堂和市政厅，聚在一起，共享大餐，以示庆祝。(教材P4)  decorate vt. (to add something to an object or a place, especially in order to make it more attractive)装饰；装潢 (1)decorate．..with．.. 用……装饰…… be decorated with 装饰着…… (2)decoration n. 装饰；装饰品 table decorations 餐桌装饰物 (3)decorator n．装潢者，装饰者 【活学活用】 (1)新人教必修第一册The churches are built with taste and well decorated. 教堂建造得很有品位，装饰得也很好。 (2)新译林必修第三册 Every class decorated their classroom and designed activities according to the theme of space. 每个班将他们的教室进行了装饰，并设计了与太空主题相关的活动。 (3)On New Year's Eve, doors will __be__decorated__with__ red couplets with themes of health, wealth and good luck. 在除夕，人们还会在门上装饰上以健康、富足和好运为主题的红色的对联。 (4)The __decoration__ and furnishings have to be practical enough for a family home. 装修和家具陈设对一个家庭住房来说必须要足够实用。 (5)单句语法填空 ①The room __is__decorated__(decorate) with ribbons and flowers.She likes it very much. ②They decorated the place __with__ hanging plants. ③Mary had the whole house __decorated__(decorate) before she moved in. Clusters of stars decorated the vast sky like sparkling jewels. 繁星点缀着辽阔的天空，像闪闪发光的宝石。 5．Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. 习俗在节日中起着重要的作用，但有时它们会随着时间的推移而改变。(教材P4) significant adj.(large or important enough to have an effect or to be noticed)有重大意义的；显著的 (1)significance n．重要性；重要意义 be of great significance for/to＝be very significant for/to对……具有重要意义 be of little/no significance for/to不太重要/不重要 attach (great) significance to认为……(很)重要 (2)significantly adv.显著地；重大地 常见的“be＋of＋抽象名词”的短语： (1)be of significance＝be significant (2)be of importance＝be important (3)be of value＝be valuable (4)be of help＝be helpful (5)be of use＝be useful 【活学活用】 (1)There has been a significant increase in the number of women students in recent years. 近年来，女学生的人数有了显著增加。 (2)The full __significance__ of space exploration may not be understood for many years to come. 太空探索的全部意义可能在未来许多年里都不会被理解。 (3)Studies suggest that regular intake of proper amount of the vitamin __significantly__ improves brain function. 研究表明，定期摄入适量的维生素能显著改善大脑功能。 (4)The discovery of the new drug is very __significant__ for/to people suffering from heart problems. ＝The discovery of the new drug is __of__great__significance__ for/to people suffering from heart problems. 这种新药的发现对心脏病患者来说具有重要意义。 (1)As we all know, out­of­class activities are of great significance/very significant to the healthy growth of the students. 众所周知，课外活动对学生的健康成长非常重要。 (2)Through the story, I am firmly convinced of the significance of honesty, which will contribute to building a warm and harmonious society. 通过这个故事，我坚信诚实的重要性，它将有助于建设一个温暖且和谐的社会。 6．With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会逐渐消失，而另一些传统可能会建立起来。(教材P4) fade vi. & vt. 逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱；(使)褪色 fade away逐渐消失；日渐消瘦 fade out 使(画面)淡出；使(声音)渐弱 fade in 使(画面)淡入； 使(声音)渐强 fade from (memory/mind)从(记忆/脑海)中消逝 fade into the distance渐渐消失在远处 【活学活用】 (1)All colours __fade__ —especially under the impact of direct sunlight. 所有颜色都会褪色——尤其是在直射阳光的影响下。 (2) We fade __in__ the closing music as the hero rides off into the sunset. 随着主人公朝着落日骑马而去，我们渐渐调高结尾音乐的音量。 (3)As the sound of the cheering __faded__away__，the concert was over. 随着欢呼声逐渐消失，音乐会结束了。 (4)Their voice __fades__out__ as they go off the stage together. 他们一起走下舞台，声音逐渐变小。 (5)They heard the footsteps go past the room and then __fade__into__ the distance. 他们听见有人经过房门的脚步声，然后脚步声渐渐消失在远处。 (6)写出下列各句中fade的中文意思 ①If you hang your clothes out in the bright sun, they will fade.__褪色__ ②My memory of childhood fades as time goes by. __逐渐消失__ ③The hope that the missing child is still alive is fading. __逐渐消失__ ④In the last weeks of her life, she simply faded away. __(身体)变得虚弱__ Even today, I still regard the experience as treasured memory. The thrilling vacation will never fade from my mind. 即使是今天，我仍然将此番经历视为值得珍藏的记忆。这个惊险的假期将永远不会从我的脑海中消逝。 7．One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year.为了驱逐恶魔和庆祝新年，在春节燃放鞭炮的习俗就是一个典型的例子。(教材P4) typical adj.(showing all the characteristics that you would usually expect from a particular group of things)典型的；有代表性的；平常的；(behaving in the way that you expect)不出所料的 (1)be typical of．.. 在……中典型的；……有代表性的 (2)It's typical of sb to do sth.某人做某事一向如此。 句型It is typical of sb to do sth.可以转换为“Typically，＋句子．”的形式。 【活学活用】 (1)We want to know about the festival's origins, typical food people eat during the festival and how they celebrate it. 我们想知道这个节日的起源、节日期间人们吃的典型的食物以及人们是如何庆祝它的。 (2)This meal is __typical__of__ local cookery，but I've never tasted it. 这是当地风味的饭菜，但我从来没有品尝过。 (3)The film __is__typical__of__ the director's early works. 该部电影是这位导演早期作品的典型代表。 (4)__It__is__typical__of__her__ to narrow her eyes because she is short­sighted. 因为她近视了，所以眯着眼睛是她的典型特征。 (5)单句语法填空 ①__Typically__(typical), he would come in late and then say that he had to go early. ②Nowadays __it__ is typical of a young generation to take it for granted that parents should meet whatever they desire. ③His childhood lacked the harmony that was typical __of__ a happy family. She's probably in her early twenties, average­looking; from her backpack and clothing, she looks like a typical college kid. 她大概二十出头，长相普通；从她的背包和衣着来看，她看起来是一个典型的大学生。 8．Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins. 另一个例子是万圣节，尽管它起源于宗教，但它慢慢地成了让孩子们兴奋的节日。(教材P4) in spite of不管；尽管 in spite of是介词短语，后面可跟名词、v.­ing或从句。常用结构是in spite of the fact that．..，意为“尽管……这个事实”，that在句中引导同位语从句。“in spite of/despite＋n.”相当于although或though引导的让步状语从句。 【活学活用】 (1)In spite of all the problems, several of the players produced excellent performances. 尽管有这样那样的问题，但是有几个队员表现得很出色。 (2)She is still very active，__in__spite__of__ her advancing years. 尽管年事渐高，她仍然十分活跃。 (3)In spite of the fact __that__ it is snowing, she is going out for a walk. 尽管正在下雪，她仍然要出去散步。 (4)__In__spite__of__what__happened__， he never lost the will to live. 不管发生了什么，他从未失去活下去的意志。 (5)句型转换 Though it rained heavily, the streets were crowded with people on Christmas Eve. →__In__spite__of/Despite__the__heavy__rain__， the streets were crowded with people on Christmas Eve.(用介词短语改写) →__In__spite__of/Despite__the__fact__that__it__rained__heavily__，the streets were crowded with people on Christmas Eve.(用in spite of/despite the fact that结构改写) He always did well at school in spite of having to do voluntary work every now and then. 尽管他不得不时不时地做志愿服务，但他在学校的成绩总是很好。 9．They reflect people's wishes，beliefs，faiths，and attitudes towards life.它们反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。(教材P5) reflect (1)vt. (to show, express or be a sign of something)显示；反映；反射 reflect sth 反映某事 reflect sb/sth in．.. 在……中映射出……的影像 be reflected in 倒映在；反映在 (2)vi. &vt.(to think carefully, especially about possibilities and opinions) 认真思考；沉思 (3)reflection n. 反射；反映；映像；深思 be a reflection of sth 是……的反映 be lost in reflection陷入沉思中 【语境助记】 Looking at the reflection of the trees in the lake，I reflected on some reasons that explained the phenomenon reflected in the picture. 看着湖中树木的倒影，我思考了一些解释图片中所反映的现象的原因。 【活学活用】 (1)As the small boat moved gently along the river, he was left speechless by the mountains being silently __reflected__ (reflect) in the water. 当小船在河上缓缓地行驶时，他看着群山静静地倒映在水中，说不出话来。 (2)A sound made by tapping on the hull of a ship will __be__reflected__ from the sea bottom. 通过敲击船体发出的声音将会从海底反射回来。 (3)Generally speaking, a child's behaviour is a __reflection__(reflect) of his/her family relationship and growth environment. 一般来说，一个孩子的行为是他/她的家庭关系和成长环境的反映。 (4)You should set aside some time to __reflect__on/upon__ your successes and failures. 你应该留出一些时间来反思你的成功和失败。 (5)单句语法填空 ①The statistics __reflect__(reflect) a change in people's spending habits，which is quite obvious. ②She could see her __reflection__(reflect) in the water, shimmering in the moonlight. ③Standing by the lake, he saw himself __reflected__(reflect) in the water. (1)There is no doubt that reading poetry reflects one's appreciation of beauty in ancient literature. 毫无疑问，读诗反映了一个人对古代文学美的欣赏。 (2)Sitting beneath the stars, I reflected on my experiences here. 坐在星空下，我思考着我在这里的经历。 10．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial，with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.随着商家对庆祝活动的利用，节日变得越来越商业化了。(教材P5) take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 【拓展归纳】 (1)advantages and disadvantages利与弊 have an advantage over胜过，优于 (2)make use of利用 (3)make the most of充分利用 【活学活用】 (1)I'm going to take advantage of/make use of this tour to explore the history of the castle. 我想利用这次旅行来探索这座城堡的历史。 (2)She __took__advantage__of__ the children's absence to tidy their rooms last weekend. 上周末她利用孩子们不在的时间整理了他们的房间。 (3)A man who can speak English fluently __has__an__advantage__over__ others. 一个能流利说英语的人比其他人有优势。 (4)There are honest mistakes, but at times someone may try to __take__advantage__of__ you. 有些人是无心之过，但有时会有人试图利用你。 Students should take full advantage of their spare time to pursue their hobbies. 学生应该充分利用闲暇时间来追求他们的业余爱好。 11．And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. 如果你仔细研究节日，你可能会惊讶地发现不同的文化实际上还是有很多共同点。(教材P5) have sth in common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征 (1)have much/a lot in common有很多相同之处 have little/nothing in common几乎没有/毫无共同之处 (2)in common共同的，共有的 in common with和……一样；与……相同 【活学活用】 (1)To my surprise, although they are brothers，they__have__nothing__in__common__． 令我惊讶的是，虽然他们是兄弟，但他们毫无共同之处。 (2)__In__common__with__ many young people, he prefers pop music to classical music. 和许多年轻人一样，比起古典音乐，他更喜欢流行音乐。 (3)Apart from the difference in colour, the two books __have__much/a__lot__in__common__． 除了颜色不同，这两本书有很多共同点。 (4)We happened to discover we had a friend __in__common__． 我们碰巧发现我们有一个共同的朋友。 I found a very mixed group of individuals, some of whom I could relate to and others with whom I had very little in common. 我碰到了一群形形色色的人，其中一些人能和我合得来，而其他的则和我几乎没有共同之处。 Part 2　核心句型剖析 1．However，no matter how different they may seem，all over the world，the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude，love，or peace is common in all festivals.然而，无论它们看起来多么迥异，在世界各地，分享快乐、感恩、友爱或和平的精神存在于所有节日中。(教材P4) 句型公式： 【拓展归纳】 (1)whenever、wherever和however引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter when/where/how。 (2)whatever、whoever和whichever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which。 【活学活用】 (1)__However/No__matter__how__hard__you__try__， it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. 无论你多么努力，如果不减少饮食量，是很难减肥的。 (2)Today，both male and female athletes from around the world can take part，__no__matter__what__nation__they__come__from__． 如今，世界各地的男女运动员都能参加，无论他们来自哪个国家。 (3)You should never lose heart __no__matter__how__many__failures__you__have__experienced__． 不管你经历过多少次失败，你都不应该失去信心。 No matter what (＝Whatever) happens, I am ready to pick up all the pieces of my broken dream and carry on. 无论发生什么，我都准备好拾起我破碎的梦想，并且继续前进。 2．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial，with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.随着商家对庆祝活动的利用，节日变得越来越商业化了。(教材P5) 句型公式： 【拓展归纳】 (1)with＋宾语＋to do(表示将来的动作) (2)with＋宾语＋done(表示被动或完成) (3)with＋宾语＋介词短语/adj./adv. 【活学活用】 (1)He came into the room，__with__his__face__red__． 他满脸通红地走进房间。(形容词作补语，with＋宾语＋adj.；表伴随) (2)With a red handkerchief __in____his____hand__，he shouted at Mary crazily. 他手里拿着一条红手帕，疯狂地朝玛丽叫喊。(介词短语作补语，with＋宾语＋介词短语；表伴随) (3)She may have to stay up again tonight，__with__mountains__of/lots__of__work__to__finish__． 有很多工作要完成，她今晚可能又得熬夜了。(不定式作补语，with＋宾语＋to do；表原因) (4)__With__her__eyes__closed__，she touched the gift gently. 闭上眼睛，她轻轻地抚摸这件礼物。(过去分词作补语，with＋宾语＋done；表伴随) (5)__With__the__exam__coming__near__， I felt very nervous. 随着考试的临近，我感觉十分紧张。(现在分词作补语，with＋宾语＋doing；表原因) Jenny walked slowly to the front, with her legs trembling and her heart bumping nearly out of her chest. 珍妮慢慢地走到前面，她的腿颤抖着，她的心都快要跳出来了。 3．Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.购物网站和社交媒体应用程序极大地方便了人们花更多的钱为所爱的人买礼物。(教材P5) 句型公式： 句型解读： 在“made it much easier for the public to spend．..”中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式。 【拓展归纳】 “v.＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”结构可总结为“6123 结构”： “6” 指常用于这个结构的六个动词：think，believe，make，find，consider，feel； “1” 指形式宾语 it； “2” 指宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词； “3” 指真正的宾语的三种常见形式：动词不定式、动名词短语和that引导的宾语从句。 【活学活用】 (1)He __makes__it__a__rule__ to take some physical labour every week though he is old. 尽管他老了，但他给自己定下了规矩：每周参加一些体力劳动。 (2)It was the culture, rather than the language, that __made__it__hard__for__him__ to adapt to the new environment abroad. 是文化而不是语言使他难以适应国外的新环境。 (3)This produced a chain reaction，which __made__it__possible__for__life__to__develop__． 这产生了一个连锁反应，使生命的发展成为可能。 I find it hard to get high marks in my continuation writing. My description of people, their actions and emotions is not vivid enough to impress readers. 我发现我的续写很难得高分。我对人、他们的行为和情绪的描述不够生动，不足以打动读者。 温馨说明：课后请完成高效作业2) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$