Unit3 Sea Exploration 单元重点知识清单与练习-2023-2024学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

Unit 3 Sea Exploration 单元重点知识清单 一、单词转换 1．extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extended adj.延伸的；扩大的；长期的→extension n．扩大；延伸 2．politics n．政治；政治观点→political adj.政治的；党派的→politician adj.政治家，政客→policy n．政策，方针 3．profession n．职业；行业→professional adj.专业的；职业的→professor n．教授；教师；研究员 4．mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；形形色色的；弄糊涂的 5．coverage n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cover v．包括；采访；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖 6．migration n．迁移；迁徙；移居→migrate vi.移动；移居；迁徙 vt.使移居；使移植→migration n．(为工作)移居者；移民；候鸟；迁徙动物 7．exploit vt.开发；利用；剥削→exploitation n．开发，开采；利用；剥削 8．murder vt.谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n．谋杀；凶杀→murderer n．杀人犯；凶手 9．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠 →merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的 10．possession n．(usually pl.)个人财产；拥有；控制→possess vt.控制；使掌握；持有；迷住；拥有，具备 二、核心短语 1．form the foundation of形成……的基础 2．set sail起航；开航 3．in a league of one’s own独领风骚 4．under the command of在……的领导下 5．withdraw from退出；撤回 6．reach out拓展；伸出 7．for the benefit of为……的利益 8．in hand在手头；可供使用 9．spill into 涌进 10．negative cycle消极的循环；负循环 11．hunt for搜寻，寻找 12．without mercy 残忍地；毫不留情地 13．be home to为……的所在地 14．take action采取行动 15．log new species记录新物种 16．amounts of大量的 17．have more options for有更多选择 18．from a...point of view从一个...的角度来看 19．press conference记者招待会；新闻发布会 20．strengthen the bonds between...and...增强……和……的关系 三、经典句式 1．To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilizations. 完成这幅伟大的世界地图对早期文明的人们来说是一种强烈的激情。 2．In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road. 在古代，来自中国的丝绸沿着后来被称为“丝绸之路”的路线，经由陆路传到印度、中东和罗马。 3．Because of climate change，there is less ice now，which means we can look for more fossil fuels further north. 由于气候变化，现在的冰越来越少，这意味着我们可以在更远的北方寻找更多的化石燃料。 4．Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. 更多地了解海洋也将帮助我们更好地管理它的资源。 四、相关练习 Trade and___________(curious) have often formed the foundation of mankind’s greatest achievements. To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion _____ the people of early civilisations. Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers ___________(search) for sea routes from west ____ east. However, merchants and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did. 贸易和好奇心通常构成人类最伟大成就的基础。在早期文明中,人们对绘制世界大地图充满激情。马可・波罗的故事激励了欧洲探险家寻找自西向东的海上航线。然而,在哥伦布首次启航之前许多年,东方的商人和探险家就已经开始自东向西航行。 In ancient times, silk from China found ________(it) way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along _________ became known ____ the Silk Road. A trading route across the sea was also extended along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, ______ also led to more awareness of each other's cultures. Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west China, as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century. 在古代,来自中国的丝绸沿陆路运至印度、中东和罗马,这条路后来就是闻名退迩的“丝绸之路”。以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横踦海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。在这里,来自中国和其他许多地方的商人汇聚一起,洽谈贸易协议,这也增进了对彼此文化的认识。几个世纪间,随着贸易的发展,对中国以西地区的探索増多了,这些在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》一书中有所记载。 Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations ______ these regions. Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets sailed west ____ voyages of trade and exploration. These fleets were a sight to behold and were in a league _____ their own at that time. ________ the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa. African royal families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of friendship in return ____ gold, silk, and spices. Although China withdrew from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. 后来,明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系。1405年至1433年间,七支大型船队西渡重洋,开展贸易和探索。当时,这些船队极为壮观,独领风骚。在郑和的指挥下,船队从南中国海起航,穿越印度洋,直抵红海口,然后前往非洲东海岸。非洲王室赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好,同时也是作为他们获得黄金、丝绸和香料的回赠。尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索,但在随后的几个世纪,这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道。 To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today. The ancient sea routes _________(travel) by Zheng He are being revisited with the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, _______ is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. The aim of this initiative is _______________( encourage) cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and _________(strength) the bonds between China and the rest of the world. Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years__________(come). China has invested billions _____ systems and services along these routes, _______ will help to greatly develop the whole area _______the benefit of future trade and __________(culture) exchange. 今天，跨海越洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。作为“一带一路”倡议的组成部分,“21世纪海上丝绸之路”让郑和曾经走过的古代海上航线再度受到关注。这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易,同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。近年来,贸易増长迅猛,未来几年也将继续增长。中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿美元,这将促进整个地区实现大发展,有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。 China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects. Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places _______(leave) to explore. In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic. From a _____________(science) point of view, there is _______urgent need to study the Arctic in order ______________(understand) climate change and its effects. 中国还与海洋彼岸的友邦一起参与了其他重要项目。尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了,但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。近年来,中国与其他国家一道开展了多次北极考察。从科学角度看,迫切需要研究北极,以了解气候变化及其影响。 Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology _____ hand, the need to trade and the desire ________________(enhance) relationships will drive China ____________(reach) out across the sea far into the future. 数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$