Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语同步精美课件与同步练习（人教版2019必修第一册）

Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures Clue 1: The language is spoken in the countries where Chinese is the official language. Clue 2: To see the world in a broader way is the reason why people learn the language. Clue 3: I started to learn the language at the time when I was still in the kindergarten. Lead in English 抖音：Yuki严精品课件 定语从句的关系副词 关系副词 先行词 句中成分 where 地点 地点状语 when 时间 时间状语 why 原因 原因状语 关系副词=介词+关系代词 where (=in/at/on which) when (=on/during/in which) why (=for which) I still remember the time when I first travelled by plane. We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing. 关系副词when引导定语从句时， 先行词应是表示时间的名词， 关系词在从句中作时间状语。 They’ll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland. 定语从句的关系副词 1. when on which when 引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词, 如 time, morning, day, week, month, year, date, moment 等, 在定语从句中时间状语, 相当于“地点介词+ which”。 I don't know the reason why he didn't turn to his good friend for help yesterday. Can you tell me the reason why you didn't come to his birthday party? 关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。 There are many reasons why people like traveling. 定语从句的关系副词 1. why for which why引导的定语从句修饰先行词 reason, 在从句中作原因状语, 相当于“for + which”。 I'd like to live in the house where there is plenty of sunshine. You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately. 关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示具体地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。 This is the factory where I worked ten years ago. 定语从句的关系副词 3. where in which where 引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词, 在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“地点介词 + which ”。 具体地点 定语从句的关系副词 3. where 抽象地点 Where引导定语从句的先行词一般是表示具体地点的名词，如place, room, house, school, building，factory等。 This is the school where I used to stay. 有的先行词不是具体的地点名词，而是抽象的地点名词，如：position (位置,境地), stage (阶段), situation (环境), case (情况), occasion (场合), activity, point (地步), spot (地点), atmosphere(氛围)等。 The spot where the accident happened is the turning point of the road. It's put me in a position where I can't afford to take the job. 并非先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的词时，都选用关系副词when, where, why, 而是要先判断先行词在从句中是做状语还是主语宾语。 定语从句的关系副词 注意 This is the factory I visited last year. visit 是及物动词，需要接宾语，the factory 放在从句中做visit的宾语，故选择指代物的关系代词which/that，且可以省略。 This is the factory I used to work. work 是不及物动词，不需要接宾语，the factory 放在从句中做地点状语，故选择指代地点状语的关系副词where或 in which。 (which/that) where/in which 即学即练 单句语法填空 ①I will never forget the days that/ which we spent together. ②I will never forget the days when we stayed together. ③The reason that/ which he explained at the meeting was not sound. ④The reason why he was late was that he missed his train. ⑤Keep the book in a place where you can find it easily. ⑥This is the house that/ which was built by my grandfather forty years ago. This is the way in which he studies English. This is the way that he studies English. This is the way he studies English. 因为在英语中没有专门表示“方式”的关系副词，因此，表示方式状语时，使用in which = in the way (通过某种方式)， that在这里作为关系副词，相当于in which。 定语从句的关系副词 4. 特殊的关系副词 that 当先行词为the/a way(方式), 表示方式状语时,关系词可以使用in which/that/省略. 1. 介词+whom/which The woman general still can remember the day on which she joined the army. 2. 介词短语+whom/which The man has a house, in front of which is the sea. 3. 不定代词或/数词 +whom/which China has a lot of famous writers, one of whom is Luxun. 4. 名词 + of which She mentioned a magazine, the title of which I have written on my notebook. “介词+关系代词” 结构也可以引导定语从句。有以下几种结构： 介词+关系代词 1. 类型 1．根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)来选择。 Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous. (be famous for ... “因……而出名”) 2．根据先行词的搭配习惯 (约定俗成，不一定是短语) 来选择。 This is the camera with which he often takes photos. (with the camera“用照相机”) I‘ll never forget the day on which I joined the army. (on the day“在那一天”) 3．根据句子的意思来选择。 My computer, without which I can't surf the Internet, broke down yesterday. 4．表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。 I have ten books, half of which were written by Mo Yan. The old man has two sons, both of whom are lawyers. 介词+关系代词 2. 介词的选用 当关系代词在定从中作介词的宾语时，通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定从。如果指人，用“介词＋whom”；如果指物，用“介词＋which”。 在定语从句中，有一些含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用，如look after、look for 等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。 介词+关系代词 3. 注意 The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy. (√) The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy. (×) 定语从句的分类 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句是指先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语。 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词做些附加说明。 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或者失去意义。 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。 这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。 这种从句，写时往往用逗号隔开。 从句修饰先行词，关系词在从句中做成分，且在从句中作宾语时可以省略； I'll never forget the day (that) we spent together. 从句修饰先行词或者前面的整个句子，或其中一部分。He suddenly fell ill, which kept him from school. 可以用that引导； That is the very tool that are looking for. 不可以用that引导，主句和从句要用逗号隔开；His dog, which he liked very much, died yesterday. 省去定从则句子意思不完整。 从句只是作为主句意义的补充，可以省去。 即学即练 单句语法填空 1．The days when they travelled together meant a lot to him. 2．Nobody knows the reason why she didn't go to the party. 3．We visited the house where the famous scientist once lived. 4．The car whose window got broken in the accident belongs to Mr. Brown. 即学即练 单句语法填空 5．The Smiths have two children, both of whom work in New York. 6．Miss Liu is an excellent teacher from whom I have learnt a lot. 7．We have come to a point where everyone has different opinions and it is difficult to reach an agreement. 即学即练 用定语从句合并句子 1．I love my hometown. I feel proud of it. →I love my hometown of which I feel proud. 2．There is a table in the house. There are some bananas on it. →There is a table in the house where/ on which there are some bananas. 3．I will remember the days forever. We spent the days together. →I will remember the days which/ that we spent together forever. 即学即练 用定语从句合并句子 4．There are forty students in our class. Twenty of the students in our class are girls. →There are forty students in our class, twenty of whom are girls. 5．We'll go to see the famous singer. We have often talked about the famous singer. →We'll go to see the famous singer about whom we have often talked. Thanks $$