Unit 3 Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语同步精美课件与同步练习（人教版2019必修第一册）

Unit 3 Discovering Useful Structures He is playing basketball, isn’t he? Lead in He plays soccer well, doesn’t he? Lead in They can play badminton well, can’t they? Lead in Just watch boxing show quietly, will you? Lead in Lead in Explore the tag questions He is playing basketball, isn’t he? He plays soccer well, doesn’t he? They can play badminton well, can’t they? Just watch boxing show quietly, will you? Tag Questions 疑问句类型 一般疑问句 e.g. Do you like these animals? 2. 特殊疑问句 e.g. Who runs fastest in your class? 3. 选择疑问句 e.g. Do you like to play football or basketball? 4. 附加疑问句 e.g. I don’t think he will come, will he? Review 附加疑问句的组成 You are a student, aren't you? He doesn’t like ice cream, does he? They have never been to Beijing, have they? Come along with me, will you? 附加疑问句由两部分组成，_______________________。 附加疑问部分一般由_________________________和表示主语的_____构成。陈述句为_____形式时，附加疑问部分用_____形式；陈述句为_____形式时，附加疑问部分用_____式。 陈述部分+附加疑问部分 助动词、be动词或情态动词 代词 肯定 肯定 否定 否定 1. 组成原则：前肯定后否定或前否定后肯定。 附加疑问句的组成 (1) 肯定式陈述部分＋否定附加疑问部分 —He wants to go, doesn't he? —No, he doesn't. (2) 否定式陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分 —You aren't a student, are you? —Yes, I am. (3) 含有否定词的陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分 He seldom gives in to difficulties, does he? (4) 祈使句＋附加疑问部分 Look at the screen, will you?din'zi 2. 常用的四种组成类型 陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时 注意：如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如： He was unsuccessful, wasn't he? Tom dislikes the book, doesn't he? 附加疑问句的读法 1. He doesn’t know her, ↗does he? （表疑问） 2. I can’t come in, ↗ can I ?（表请求） 3. They are coming, ↘aren't they? （表求证） 4. Let’s go, ↘ shall we?（表征求同意） 陈述部分一般用降调，而附加疑问部分既可以用升调也可以用降调，含义不同。通常情况下，升调多表示疑问或请求；降调多表示求证或希望对方同意。 1.当陈述部分的主语是名词时，附加疑问部分的主语必须用人称代词来代替。 2.当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this、that时，附加疑问部分的主语用it代替；指示代词是these、those时，附加疑问部分的主语用they代替。 3. 陈述部分若用指人的不定代词everyone、everybody、someone、no one、somebody、nobody等作主语时，其附加疑问部分的主语常用they，有时也用he；若陈述部分用不定代词something、nothing、everything等作主语，附加疑问部分的主语用it。 主语的选择 Your brother has gone to the library, hasn't he? That isn't a useful book, is it? These are grapes, aren't they? No one is at school now, are they? Everything is ready now, isn't it? 4. 当陈述部分为主从复合句时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。 注意：但当陈述部分的主语是I，谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, suspect 这类动词时，附加疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。 主语的选择 She says that I did it, doesn't she? I told them not everybody could do it, didn't I? I suppose that he's serious, isn't he? I don't think she cares, does she? 5. 陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时，疑问部分的主语通常用it。 6. 陈述部分为表示“存在”的There be ...句式时，附加疑问部分仍用there。 7. 如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语，附加疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one，非正式场合用you, 在美国英语中，在非正式场合还可以用he。 主语的选择 Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, doesn't it? Between six and seven will suit you, won't it? Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it? There's no help for it, is there? There's something wrong, isn't there? One can't be too careful, can one? ( 或can you?) One should do his duty, shouldn't he? 8.当陈述部分的主语是I, 而句子又是用来征询对方的意见时, 附加疑问句中的主语用you。 9. 陈述句主语由neither...nor...或者both...and...连接，反意疑问句部分的主语根据实际意义而定。 主语的选择 I find English very interesting, don't you? I don't like that film, do you? Neither you nor I am wrong, are we？ Both you and he are doctors, aren’t you? 助动词、be动词或情态动词的选择 1. 含have/has附加疑问句 (1) 当have 为助动词时，附加疑问句用同样的助动词。 The sheep has already arrived, hasn’t he? (2) 若表示“所有”，附加疑问句可以用have,也可以用do;但是若陈述句部分用的是have的否定式，附加疑问句用have还是用do, 取决于陈述部分的动词形式。 You have a new bike, haven't/don't you? She doesn't have any money in her pocket, does she? (3) 若表示“吃，玩”等意思，附加疑问句要用do。 He has a great time at the sports meeting, doesn’t he? 助动词、be动词或情态动词的选择 2.含情态动词附加疑问句 (1) 陈述句的谓语动词是情态动词have(has)to(必须)时，疑问部分用do的相应形式。 They have to go there, don’t they？ He has to leave early, doesn’t he？ (2) 陈述句含情态动词，疑问句重复同样情态动词。 We should cheer her on, shouldn't we? (3) 若must表推测这层含义时，不能用must，而要根据陈述部分的不定式结构(即must之后的动词) 以及含义采用相应的动词形式。must have done 对过去情况推测，若强调动作的完成 (没有时间状语) 疑问部分用haven’t/hasn’t +主语。若强调对过去情况的推测 (一般有过去时间状语), 疑问部分用didn't +主语。 You must have made a mistake, haven't you? They must have seen the film last week, didn't they? He must be in the library, isn't he? 助动词、be动词或情态动词的选择 2.含情态动词附加疑问句 (4) 当陈述部分带有情态动词must表示“必须” “有必要”时，疑问部分用mustn’t/needn’t; 若陈述部分有mustn’t表示“禁止”，疑问部分用must. You must work hard next term, mustn't you? I must answer the letter, mustn't I? (5) 当陈述部分含有情态动词used to时，疑问部分可用usedn't 或didn't。 The old man used to smoke, didn't/usedn't he? Tom used to live here, usedn't/didn't he? (6) 当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to时，疑问部分用oughtn't或shouldn't。 He ought to know the answer, oughtn't he? We ought to read this book, oughtn't/shouldn't we? 助动词、be动词或情态动词的选择 3.含祈使句的附加疑问句 (1) 肯定的祈使句的附加问句可用will you或won’t you, 否定的祈使句的附加问句用will you. Listen to me carefully, will/won’t you? Don’t play with fire, will you? Don't do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won't you? (2) 以let’s开头的祈使句，附加疑问部分用shall we；以let us开头的祈使句，如果含义是allow us，不包括听话人在内，疑问部分用will you。 Let's have a basketball match this afternoon, shall we? Let us go out for a rest, will you? 特殊情况 (1) 陈述句中的谓语动词是wish，表示愿望时用may，且用肯定形式。 I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I? (2) 当陈述部分含有had better时，疑问部分用had。 如：You'd better finish your homework now, hadn't you? (3) 当陈述部分是I am ... 时，附加疑问部分通常要用aren't I；当陈述部分是I am not ... 时，附加疑问部分通常要用am I。 I'm late for the meeting, aren't I? I'm not doing well, am I? (4) 当陈述部分是并列句，附加疑问句则需和就近的分句的主语和谓语保持一致。 Xiao Lin has been writing letters all afternoon but he should finish them now, shouldn't he? (5) 感叹句后的附加疑问句的谓语动词需用be的现在时，且常用否定形式。 What a clever boy, isn't he? What a lovely day, isn't it? 1.在“肯定式陈述部分＋否定附加疑问部分”中与汉语表达相似。 —He is from Australia, isn't he? —Yes, he is. /No, he isn't. ——他来自澳大利亚，对吧？ ——是的，他是。/不，他不是。 2.在“否定式陈述部分＋肯定附加疑问部分”中与汉语表达存在差异，英语回答时只看实际情况。若答语的具体内容是肯定的，就用“Yes＋肯定结构”；若答语的具体内容是否定的，就用“No＋否定结构”。而译成汉语时，则必须把yes译成“不是”，把no译成“是的”。 —You won't be away for long, will you? —Yes, I will. / No, I won't. ——你不会离开太久，是不是？ ——不，我会离开很久。/ 是的，我不会离开很久。 反义疑问句的回答 即学即练 用附加疑问句补全句子 1．Few people are here, are they? 2．Lucy would like an apple, wouldn't she? 3．There's no room here, is there? 4．Everything seems all right, doesn't it? 5．You must have told her about it, haven't you? 即学即练 用附加疑问句补全句子 6．Let's go there by bus, shall we? 7．Don't forget to give Polly some food and change her water, will you? 8．No one can answer this question, can they? 9．It doesn't matter if they want to come to your party, does it? 10．I suppose you have finished your homework, haven't you? Thanks $$