UNIT 5 Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing(word教参)-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语必修第一册（人教版2019）

Section Ⅳ　Listening and Talking & Reading for Writing 教材助读12 <1>primary school小学 <2>used to 过去常常 <3>mark n.分数 <4>have trouble with… 在……方面有困难 <5>get used to 习惯于 <6>experience vt.经历，体验 <7>compare v．比较 <8>host's＝host's voice主持人的声音 <9>headache n.头痛；令人头痛之事 <10>depend on 取决于；依靠 <11>close adj.亲密的be close to sb与某人关系亲密/靠近某人 <12>request n.请求 <13>equal n.同等的人 <14>bridge the gap 消除隔阂 <15>demand n. 要求 <16>senior adj.年长的，地位较高的，资格较老的 be senior to sb比某人年长/地位高 <17>vocabulary n.词汇 <18>properly adv. 恰当地；正确地, Learning English Wang Le：Hey, everybody, what are your biggest problems with learning English? Liu Wen：Hi! [1]I've been studying English since primary school<1>．I used to<2> get high marks<3> in English, but now I'm having a lot of trouble with<4> my listening. When I listen to native English speakers talking in a video, I can catch only a few words. I can never quite get the main ideA． [2]Any advice？ [1]since表示“自从”，句子使用了现在完成进行时。 [2]此处是省略句，其完整形式是Have you got any advice? Jia Xin：[3]Listening to English radio programmes helps me get used to<5> [4]how fast native speakers talk. 1.I also repeat [5]what I hear to help myself to experience<6> the feeling of the language. Sometimes I even record my voice so I can listen to myself and compare<7> my pronunciation with the radio host's<8>！My biggest headache<9> is how to be polite in English. [6]It's so much easier to just say “Open the window！”, but in English that can sound really terrible. I have to think about who I'm talking to and then decide [7]whether to say, “Open the window，please！”or “Could you open the window, please？” or even longer “Would you mind opening the window，please？” [3]动词-ing形式作主语。 [4]how引导的宾语从句，作动词短语get used to的宾语。 [5]动词不定式作目的状语；what引导的宾语从句，作动词repeat的宾语。 [6]it作形式主语，真正的主语是句中的动词不定式。 [7]whether…or…连接的动词不定式，作动词 decide的宾语。 Li Rui：Yeah, that's really hard! I think it all depends on<10> who you're talking to. If I'm talking to a close<11> friend, I can use short requests<12>， like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we're equals<13>， so I only need a few words to bridge the gap<14> between us. 2.But [8]if I'm talking to someone who isn't very close to me, I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a demand<15>， e．g., “Could you open the window, please？” If I'm talking to someone [9]senior<16> to me，then I should say, “Would you mind opening the window, please？” For me, vocabulary<17> is my biggest problem—there are just SO MANY new words! I can't keep all the new vocabulary straight in my head, and I certainly can't remember how to use them all properly<18>. HELP! [8]if引导的条件状语从句，从句中who isn't very close to是定语从句，修饰先行词someone。 [9]形容词短语作后置定语，修饰someone。 学习英语 王乐：嗨，大家好，请问你们在学习英语时遇到的最大问题是什么？ 刘文：你好！我从小学就一直在学英语。以前我的英语成绩还挺好的，但是现在我的听力有很大的麻烦。我在视频中听母语是英语的人说话时，只能听懂几个单词。我从来就没能完全搞懂过大意。有什么建议吗？ 佳欣：收听英语广播节目帮助我习惯母语人士的语速。1.　我还会复述听到的内容，以此来培养语感。　有时候，我甚至还给自己录音，那样一来，我可以听自己的发音，并把我的发音与广播主持人的进行比较！我最头痛的问题是如何用英语得体地表达。说“打开窗户！”很容易，可是在英语里，这样说听起来感觉很糟糕。我得考虑到我在跟谁说话，然后再决定是说“请打开窗户！”还是“请你打开窗户，好吗？”或者说句更长的“请问，您介意打开窗户吗？” 李瑞：是啊，这真的很难！我觉得这完全取决于你在跟谁说话。如果我是跟一个亲密的朋友说话，我可以用简短的请求，如“打开窗户”，这是因为我们关系密切，彼此平等，所以我只需要说几个字就能让对方明白我的意思。2. 但是，如果我是跟不太亲近的人说话，那么我就得把我的请求说得长一些 ——我得把它变成一个疑问句，而不是一个要求，例如：“麻烦你打开窗户，好吗？”如果我是在跟一个辈分或职位比我高的人说话，那么我得说：“请问，您是否介意打开窗户呢？”对我来说，词汇是最大的问题——生词太多了！ 我无法在脑子里记住所有的生词，当然也就记不住如何恰当地使用这些词汇。帮帮我吧！ Ⅰ.文本整体理解：快速浏览文章 1．What is the main topic about this part? The biggest problems with learning English. 2．Match the problem with each person ①Liu Wen　　 A．vocabulary ②Jia Xin B．listening ③Li Rui C．how to be polite in English 答案 ①—B　②—C　③—A Ⅱ.文本细节理解：关注特色表达 1．What's the problem of Liu Wen? A．He can't get high marks all the time. B．He can't get the main idea of native speakers. C．He has been having problems in listening since primary school. D．He doesn't listen to English radio programmes. 答案 B 2．What can we learn from the words of Jia Xin? A．She seldom watches videos with English speakers. B．She usually repeats the radio programmes to compare her pronunciation with the English host's. C．She finds it hard to deal with how to be polite while speaking English. D．She believes that what words to use while speaking English depends on who you're talking to. 答案 C 3．Which of the following might Li Rui agree with? A．We can't just say like “close the door” to anyone. B．You must make your request or demand when talking to your parents. C．It's difficult to keep a large number of words in mind quickly. D．Remembering the usage of words isn't as important as remembering the words themselves. 答案 A Ⅲ.课文语法填空 Chinese students who are learning English often meet with some problems with English.Liu Wen used to get high marks, 1. but now he is having much trouble 2. with his listening.Jia Xin suggests that Liu Wen should listen to English radio programmes 3. to improve (improve) his listening.However, Jia Xin is also 4. confused (confuse) about how to be polite in English.For example, she can't decide whether to say “Open the window, please！” or “Would you mind 5. opening (open) the window, please？” Li Rui tells Jia Xin how to be polite in English all 6. depends (depend) on how close the people who they are talking to.If their 7. relationship (relation) is close and they are equals, they can need a few words to bridge 8. the gap.But vocabulary is Li Rui's 9. biggest (big) problem.She can't remember so many words and how to use them 10. properly (proper)．Therefore, she also needs help. 1(教材P66)I'm having a lot of trouble with my listening.我在听力上有很多问题。 句型：have trouble with sth做某事有困难/麻烦 ①此处trouble为不可数名词，其前可以用great, some, much, no等修饰。 ②have trouble/difficulty 做某事有困难/麻烦 have no difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth毫不费力地做某事 (以文助写)Whenever we have trouble with our studies, we are supposed to face it more patiently. 每当我们在学习上有困难时，我们应该更耐心地去面对。 [提示] have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth句型中，trouble/difficulty往往提前作为主句中的先行词，定语从句中谓语成为have doing形式。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)If you have some trouble getting (get) along with your friends, you can write to them. (2)With a native guide leading the way, they had no difficulty walking (walk) out of the forest. (3)You can't imagine what great trouble I had solving (solve) the problem. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)我写信是要寻求帮助。老实说，我在课堂上很难集中注意力。 I'm writing to turn to for help.To be honest, I 　had trouble/difficulty (in) concentrating　 in class. 2(教材P66)Our relationship is close and we're equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.我们关系密切，彼此平等，所以我只需要说几个字就能让对方明白我的意思。 equal　n.同等的人；相等物　adj.相同的；同样的；胜任的　vt.等于；比得上 ①be equal to等于 be equal to (doing) sth胜任(做)某事 A equals B in (doing) sthA在(做)某方面比得上B ②without equal无与伦比，无敌 ③equally adv.同样地；平等 equalityn.平等 My deskmate equals me in English, but her physics is better.我同桌和我的英语水平差不多，但她的物理比我好。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2021·全国乙听力改编)I respect my mother so much as she never treats me as a child, but as an equal. (2)I don't think he is equal to doing (do) this kind of work. (3)(2021·3月天津改编)Fascinated by the structural beauty of the Forbidden City as a painter, she is equally (equal) interested to learn more about Chinese philosophy. (4)Women have to achieve full equality (equal) with men in the workplace. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (5)有着十年的工作经验，我相信我能胜任这份工作。 With 10 years of working experience, I am sure that I am equal to the job . 3(教材P66)…and I must make it a question, not a demand, e．g.，“Could you open the window, please？”……我得把它变成一个疑问句，而不是一个要求，例如：“麻烦你打开窗户，好吗？” demand　n.要求；需求　vt.强烈要求；需要　vi.查问 ①a/the demand for对……的需求/要求 be in (great) demand(迫切)需求；需求(很大) meet/satisfy one's demands满足某人的需求 ②demand to do sth要求做某事 demand sth of/from sb要求某人某事 demand of sb to do sth要求某人做某事 demand that…(should) do…要求……(应该)做…… ③demanding adj.高要求的；要求严格的 Thanks to the experts in agriculture, we now have more productive hybrid rice(杂交水稻) and wheat that can satisfy the demands of people all over the world. 多亏了农业专家，我们现在有了更多的杂交水稻和小麦，可以满足全世界人民的需求。 [提示] 表示“要求某人做某事”，不可以说demand sb to do sth，但可以说demand of sb to do sth或ask/require/request sb to do sth。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)As is reported, women with demanding (demand) jobs are almost twice as likely to suffer a heart attack. (2)More wind power stations will spring up to meet the demand for clean energy. (3)Chinese teachers are always in great demand in this areA． [习作练笔]——一句多译 (4)图书管理员要求他把从图书馆借的书还回来。 ①The librarian demanded that 　he (should) return the books　 he had borrowed from the library. ②The librarian demanded of him to return the books he had borrowed from the library. 4(教材P67)Does the writer give a clear description of the problem？作者清楚地描述这个问题了吗？ description　n.描写(文字)；形容 ①be beyond description无法形容；难以描述 give a description of 描写/描述…… ②describe vt.描述；形容；描绘 (2024·1月浙江)Your description really teaches me something about appreciating abstract art.你的描述真的教会了我一些欣赏抽象艺术的知识。 [习作练笔]——补全句子 (1)黄山的美景是无法形容的。 The beautiful sight of Mount Huangshan is beyond description . (2)他给我们简短地介绍了这座城市。 He gave us a short description of the city. 5(教材P67)Does each sentence relate to the main idea？每句话都与主旨有关吗？ relate　vt.联系；讲述 ①relate sth to sb　向某人讲述某事 relate to 与……相关；涉及；谈到 ②related adj.有关的 be related to 与……有关 ③relation n.关系；联系 in relation to 关于；涉及 He later related the whole story to me, which made me very happy.他后来给我讲了整件事的来龙去脉， 这使我很高兴。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)I have a lot to say in relation (relate) to this affair. (2)The position calls for related (relate) experience in the field and good skills at using computers. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (3)(2023·全国甲改编)除了与专业相关的知识和技能外，我真的很擅长电脑。 Apart from the knowledge and skills related to my major , I'm really good with computers. 写作任务——Write a blog about English study 本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于英语学习的咨询博客，要求学生反思和总结自己在英语学习中遇到的困难．并积极探索解决方法，然后以博客的文体形式完成写作。咨询博客的主要目的是寻求所需的信息资料和了解相关情况等，类似于应用文中的咨询信。 跟课文学写作范式 (一)课文范式提炼 (二)写作要点指津 咨询博客的写作需要注意以下几点： 1．态度诚恳，言辞恳切。 向别人征求建议，尤其是向长辈或自己不熟悉的人征求建议时，态度要诚恳，语气要委婉，让对方感受到自己的诚意。例如，在询问问题时要注意句式的选择，可以使用“Would you please tell me…”之类的正式疑问句。 2．思路清晰，表述清楚。 层次要分明，表述要清晰，以便让对方一看就能明白你的问题，并能向你提出有针对性的建议。 3．正确把握时态，确保语言的准确性。 表述的是目前自己在某一方面遇到的困难或问题，因此应用一般现在时；而描述自己在得到帮助后可能会取得的进步，要用一般将来时。 跟课文学亮点表达 ★学亮点表达 1．第二段倒数第三句中使用“catch”一词要比使用“understand”更地道，形象地表达出了Liu Wen的英语听力水平。 2．第二段使用了when引导的时间状语从句(When I listen to… )来举例说明作者在英语学习中存在的问题。 3．第三段使用了动名词短语作主语(Listening to English radio programmes…)和宾语从句(repeat what I hear…)来表达作者的建议。同时在呈现作者英语学习存在的问题时也使用了宾语从句(think about who I'm talking to…) 4．第四段第三句中“bridge”一词是名词用作动词，表示“减小、消除两者间的隔阂、鸿沟或分歧”。 5．第四段作者运用三个if条件状语从句以及动名词作宾语(Would you mind opening…)等句式提出了“在使用英语时如何做到有礼貌”的建议。 ★学逻辑衔接 1．第二段作者Liu Wen运用并列连词but自然过渡到自己在英语学习中存在的问题。第三段作者Jia Xin先分享了自己听力学习的经验，然后提出了自己在英语学习中存在的问题，逻辑清晰，层次分明。 第四段作者Li Rui的写作风格与第三段作者Jia Xin的写作风格相同，也是先针对上一段作者的问题提出建议，然后表达自己在英语学习中存在的问题，逻辑清晰。 [微写作]——补全句子 (1)我们英语老师要求我们每天早晨大声朗读课文。 Our English teacher demands 　that we (should) read the text/of us to read the text　 aloud every morning. (2)他受过良好的教育，所以他胜任这份工作。 He is well-educated, so he is equal to the job. (3)消除数字鸿沟并确保每人都能使用互联网是非常重要的。(it作形式主语；bridge vt.) It is highly important to bridge the digital divide and make sure that everyone gets access to the Internet. (4)遇上严重的交通堵塞是很不愉快的经历。 Being caught in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience. (一)输入好词 1．consult　v．查阅；咨询；请教 2．skim v．跳读；略读 3．scan v．略读；浏览 4．memorize vt.记忆；记住 5．grasp vt.领会；掌握 6．fluent adj.流利的；流畅的 7．look up 查找；查阅 8．take notes 记笔记 9．keep a diary 记日记 10．learn…by heart 背诵；记住 11．have a good command of 精通 12．develop an interest in 培养对……的兴趣 13．make great progress 取得很大进步 14．experience the feeling of the language 培养语感 15．have a lot of trouble with listening 在听力方面有很多问题 (二)佳句输入 第一段：开门见山，点明在英语学习的过程中遇到的困难。 1．I have some difficulty/trouble with my English pronunciation.我在英语发音方面有些困难。 2．I find it hard to memorize all the new words and understand the passages. 我发现很难记住所有的生词和理解文章。 第二段：根据所描述的问题，给出相应的学习英语的建议 3．It is natural that the beginners make mistakes while writing. 初学者在写作时犯错误是很自然的。 4．Finding out why you made mistakes will help you avoid the same mistakes and enable you to write better.找出你犯错的原因可以帮助你避免同样的错误，让你写得更好。 5．I'm glad to read your blog asking for my advice on how to improve English listening skills.我很高兴读了你向我征求关于如何提高英语听力技巧的建议的博客。 第三段：在结尾给予对方祝福，鼓励对方取得进步 6．Keeping a diary is an effective way to improve writing. 记日记是提高写作水平的一个有效方法。 7．The way to learn a language is to practise speaking it as often as possible.学习一门语言的方法就是要尽可能经常地练习口语。 8．I wish your hard work a good result, and I will be quite proud of your achievement.祝你的努力学习取得好成绩，我会为你的成绩感到骄傲。 【写作要求】 假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Mike正在学习汉语，他在博客中询问如何提高汉语。请你用英语给他回帖，就如何提高汉语学习给他提出建议。内容要点如下： 1．建议课内外多说、多看、多听汉语； 2．建议每周看中文电影和电视剧； 3．建议同学之间进行汉字听写比赛。 注意：词数80 左右。 【四步成文】 第一步：审题谋篇 第二步：由词扩句 1．我知道你感觉无所适从。 I have known that you feel at a loss. 2．你不知道怎么学好汉语。 You don't know how to learn Chinese well. 3．我建议你应该尽可能经常地多花时间练习汉语听力和口语。 I suggest that you should spend more time practicing listening and speaking Chinese as often as possible. 4．我认为你可以尝试多参加一些活动。 I think you may try to join in some activities. 5．这会对你有益处。 It is beneficial to you. 第三步：句式升级 1．用现在分词作状语合并第二步中的句1、句2 I have known that you feel at a loss, not knowing how to learn Chinese well. 2．用非限制性定语从句合并第二步中的句4、句5 I think you may try to join in some activities, which is beneficial to you. 第四步：连句成篇 One possible version： Dear Mike， I have known that you feel at a loss, not knowing how to learn Chinese well.Here are some tips on how to learn Chinese well. To begin with, I suggest that you should spend more time practicing listening and speaking Chinese as often as possible.Then I think it is very useful to watch a couple of Chinese films or TV series every week.Thirdly, I think you may try to join in some activities, which is beneficial to you. I am sure if you practice a lot, you can master it.I wish you great success and rapid progress in learning Chinese. Yours， Li Hua 假如你是李华，你的朋友王梅来信说她英语学得不太好，她在来信中向你询问在高中如何学好英语。请你根据下列内容给她写封回信，提出一些建议，帮助她学好英语。 1．上课认真听讲，做好笔记； 2．每天早上花半小时背单词； 3．每天写英语日记。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 One possible version： Dear Wang Mei， I'm writing to give you some suggestions on how to learn English well. First of all, why not listen to the teacher carefully and take notes in class? If you do these, you can go over your lessons after class.What's more, you'd better spend half an hour reciting words every morning because vocabulary plays an important part in English learning.Finally, I'd like to suggest you keep an English diary every day, which helps improve your written English. I hope these suggestions will be of use to you. Yours， Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$