UNIT 5 Section Ⅲ Developing ideas & Presenting ideas（Word练习）-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第一册同步练测（外研版2019）

[对应素能提升训练第57页] [基础语用题] Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．It was impossible to move so much as a centimetre(厘米)in any direction. 2．People say money is the root(根)of all evils, but I believe money itself is not bad． 3．There are many wonderful legends(传说)about this famous hero. 4．These children have health problems linked(把……联系起来)to poor diet and a lack of exercise. 5．Dogs can detect(察觉)sounds beyond humans' hearing limit. Ⅱ.短语填空 as well as；communicate with；in some ways；link…to…；share…with… 1．The twins seem to be alike in some ways, but they are quite different in their characters. 2．Students should have their own interest as well as doing their homework. 3．Parents sometimes find it difficult to communicate with their teenage children. 4．It has been announced that two guys are suspected to be linked to the theft. 5．All artists have part of themselves that they can never share with anyone else. Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．Early detection(detect)of the disease is vital. 2．They believe that this illness is linked to/with smoking. 3．My sister is 165 centimetres(centimetre)tall with long beautiful hair. 4．We need to get to the root of the problem before we can solve it. 5．They began as a modestly successful musician group and ended the year as show business legends(legend). Ⅳ.完成句子 1．We got up early so that we could catch the first bus． 我们很早就起床了， 以便能赶上第一班公共汽车。 2．At the back of the classroom sat some parents, who came here for some reason. 教室后面坐着一些家长， 他们是因为某种原因来这儿的。 3．With exams approaching/coming, it's a good idea to review your class notes. 随着考试的临近， 复习一下你的课堂笔记是个不错的主意。 4．They stood there for half an hour, watching the stars in the sky． 他们在那儿站了半小时， 观察着天上的星星。 5．I realized that I should do something to show my concern． 我意识到我应该做些什么来表示我的关心。 [能力提升题] Ⅰ.阅读理解 (长春外国语学校高二期末)Rain is vital to life on Earth.However, rain isn't just made of water anymore—it's partly made of plastic． Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth's atmosphere and traveling across entire continents according to a study published in one journal on April 12. Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources.Plastic bags and bottles released into the environment break down into smaller and smaller bits.Some microplastics are produced deliberately to provide abrasion(研磨)in products, such as toothpaste and cleansers.Another major source is your washing machine.When you wash clothing, tiny microfibers get washed away with the wastewater.Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea． Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with.The tiny particles, too small to be seen with the naked eye, are collected by the wind from the ground．They are so light that they stay in the air to be blown around the globe.As they climb into the atmosphere, they are thought to act as nuclei(核心)around which water vapor(水蒸气)combines to form clouds.Some of the dust falls back to land in dry conditions, while the rest comes down as rain. Microplastics have been found everywhere you can imagine.From fish and frogs to mice and mosquitoes, their bodies have been found on average to contain 40 pieces of microplastic．As the top of the food chain, humans are exposed to microplastics, too.“We live on a ball inside a bubble，” microplastic researcher Steve Allen said．“There are no borders, there are no edges.It rains on the land and then gets blown back up into the air again to move somewhere else.There's no stopping it once it's out.” [语篇导读]　本文是说明文。雨对地球上的生命至关重要。然而， 雨不再仅仅是由水构成的， 它部分是由塑料构成的。 1．What do we know about microplastics? A．They have a diameter of over 5 millimeters. B．They have become a threat to humans. C．They are light and can be easily dealt with. D．They cause acid rain and plastic rain. 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter(微塑料是指直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒)”得知A项错误；根据第四段“Plastic rain may remind people of acid rain, but the former is far more widespread and harder to deal with.(塑料雨可能会让人们联想到酸雨， 但前者的影响范围更广， 更难应对。)”可以排除C、D；根据第三段最后一句“Even though the water is treated by a wastewater plant, the microplastics remain, and they are released into the sea．(即使水被废水处理厂处理过， 微塑料仍然存在， 并被排放到海里。)”以及最后一段“It rains on the land and then gets blown back up into the air again to move somewhere else.There's no stopping it once it's out.(它在陆地上下雨， 然后又被吹回到空中， 移动到其他地方。一旦爆发就无法阻止了。)”可知， 微塑料已经成为人类的威胁。故选B。 答案　B 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Ways to deal with microplastics. B．The wide use of microplastics. C．Where microplastics come from. D．How microplastics pollute water. 解析　主旨大意题。根据第三段“Microplastics are plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in diameter and come from a number of sources.(微塑料是指直径小于5毫米的塑料颗粒， 有多种来源。)”可知， 本段主要讲述了微塑料的来源。故选C。 答案　C 3．What does Steve Allen want to tell us in the last paragraph? A．No place can be safe from microplastic pollution. B．The atmosphere possesses the ability to self­cleanse. C．Countries should work together to fight pollution. D．Wind causes microplastics to move somewhere else. 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘We live on a ball inside a bubble，’ microplastic researcher Steve Allen said．‘There are no borders, there are no edges.It rains on the land and then gets blown back up into the air again to move somewhere else.There's no stopping it once it's out.’”可知， 微塑料研究员Steve Allen想要告诉我们没有任何地方可以免于微塑料污染。故选A。 答案　A 4．The main purpose of the article is to . A．call on people to use fewer plastic products B．warn people of the danger of microplastics C．introduce the sources and effects of microplastics D．make a comparison between acid rain and plastic rain 解析　主旨大意题。根据第二段“Millions of tiny pieces of plastic, called microplastics, are wandering around Earth's atmosphere and traveling across entire continents according to a study published in one journal on April 12.[据4月12日发表在某杂志上的一项研究显示， 数以百万计的塑料微粒(被称为微塑料)正在地球大气层中游荡， 并穿越各个大洲旅行。]”可知， 本文写作目的是为了警告人们微塑料的危险。故选B。 答案　B Ⅱ.阅读七选五 (全国乙卷)Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 1 ， but studies have shown that they can promote people's well­being by improving their moods(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. What are indoor plants? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species(物种)are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. 2 ． Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “ 3 . I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood．” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 4 ． Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets, garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants. “ 5 ，” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A．All plants are different B．Not only do they look beautiful C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D．Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best F．Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding [语篇导读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种植哪些室内植物。 1．解析　根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people's well­being by improving their moods(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory(而且研究表明， 它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知， 此处与下文是递进关系， 构成not only…but…“不仅……而且……”结构。B项“Not only do they look beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)”能够衔接下文， 符合语境。故选B。 答案　B 2．解析　根据上文“Many of these species(物种)are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.(这些品种中的许多都不适合在英国户外生长， 尤其是在冬天。)”可知， 有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长， 即适合在温暖的地方生长。D项“Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer(相反， 它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)”能够承接上文， 符合语境。故选D。 答案　D 3．解析　根据下文“I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood．(我发现在冬天的几个月里， 房子周围的植物真的能提升你的情绪。)”可知， 室内植物对人有好处。C项“There are many benefits to growing plants indoors(在室内种植植物有很多好处)”能够衔接下文， 符合语境。故选C。 答案　C 4．解析　根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.(也有研究表明， 盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。它们还能去除油漆或烹饪中的一些有害化学物质。)”可知， 盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。E项“Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best(像和平百合和绿萝之类的植物是最好的)”能够承接上文， 列举了在这方面做得最好的植物， 符合语境。故选E。 答案　E 5．解析　根据上文“Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants.(较小的植物通常比长足的植物便宜， 而且你可以在它们成长过程中照顾它们——这是拥有植物的乐趣之一。)”可知， 不同的植物需求是不同的。G项“Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding(了解每种植物的需求是非常有益的)”能够承接上文， 同时引起下文， 下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.(它可以为人们的生活带来新的兴趣和焦点， 并有助于建立家庭与自然之间的联系。)”具体介绍了了解每种植物的需求的好处。故选G。 答案　G Ⅲ.语法填空 Within the next month, billions of cicadas(蝉)will appear in the United States. When a lot of cicadas get together, they can create a loud sound that might make you think there's a generator 1. (run) somewhere in the neighborhood． So should we be 2. (scare)? Not at all. Cicadas are harmless and their only 3. (defend)is their numbers. This group of cicadas is 4. (official) known as Brood X. You might think they are newborns, but they may be 5. (old) than you are. That's because they've been hiding below ground for nearly 17 years. Cicada eggs hatch into nymphs(若虫), 6. spend more than a decade below ground taking in juices out of tree roots. Then they pop out of the ground, climb up a tree trunk, 7. transform into adults with wings. The adults live four to six weeks, during which the females will lay eggs in tree 8. (branch). By July the adults will be gone, and the nymphs will start falling to the ground to move down into the soil. While some people dislike the appearance 9. cicadas, it should be a cause for celebration. The cicada varieties exist only in the US. In other words, we're witnessing something that no one else in any other part of the world 10. (get)to see. [语篇导读]　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了关于蝉的知识。 1．解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：当很多蝉聚集在一起时， 它们会发出一种响亮的声音， 可能会让你觉得附近的某个地方有发电机在运行。该空所给动词在句中作后置定语修饰generator, generator与run之间是逻辑上的主谓关系， 且此处表示正在进行的动作， 应使用现在分词形式。故填running。 答案　running 2．解析　考查形容词。句意：所以我们应该害怕吗？ 该空需要一个形容词作表语， 提示词scare为动词， 其派生形容词scared意为“害怕的”。故填scared。 答案　scared 3．解析　考查名词。句意：蝉是无害的， 它们唯一的防御就是它们的数量。设空处为句子主语， 前面有their only修饰， 应用名词， 所给词defend为动词， 其名词拼写为defence或defense, 意为“防御”。故填defense/defence。 答案　defense/defence 4．解析　考查副词。句意：这群蝉的正式名称是布鲁德第十代蝉。该空需要一个副词修饰谓语动词is known。故填officially。 答案　officially 5．解析　考查形容词比较级。句意：你可能认为它们是新生儿， 但它们可能比你年龄大。根据than you are可知， 此处在比较年龄， 需用old的比较级形式。故填older。 答案　older 6．解析　考查定语从句。句意：蝉卵孵化成若虫， 在地下生活十多年， 吸收树根的汁液。设空处需要一个关系代词引导非限制性定语从句修饰nymphs, 且在指代先行词从句中作主语。故填which。 答案　which 7．解析　考查连词。句意：然后它们从地下跳出来， 爬上树干， 变成有翅膀的成年虫。本句描述蝉蛹变成蝉的过程：钻出地面——爬上树干——变成有翅膀的成虫， 三个谓语动词pop, climb和transform并列， 应使用并列连词。故填and。 答案　and 8．解析　考查名词复数。句意：成虫的寿命为4至6周， 其间雌性会在树枝上产卵。branch在此意为“树枝”， 是可数名词， 之前没有限定词， 此处应泛指所有树枝， 用其复数形式。故填branches。 答案　branches 9．解析　考查介词。句意：虽然有些人不喜欢蝉的出现， 但这应该是一个庆祝的理由。appearance 与cicadas为所属关系， 应使用介词of表示“……的”和cicadas构成介词短语作后置定语。故填of。 答案　of 10．解析　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：换句话说， 我们正在见证世界上任何其他地方的其他人都看不到的东西。所给动词在that引导的定语从句中作谓语， 此处描述客观事实， 应使用一般现在时态， 且主语为no one else。故填gets。 答案　gets Ⅳ.应用文写作 请根据提示信息， 用英语写一篇观察日记， 并向你校英语报“Learning to Observe”栏目投稿。 1．观察对象：黄豆芽(soybean sprouts)的生长 2．观察过程： (1)黄豆用水浸泡10小时后开始变软、颜色变浅； (2)将泡好的豆芽置入容器， 避光后第二天开始出现很小的芽； (3)第四天黄豆芽变长。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。 [参考范文] I'm sure that you have ever tasted soybean sprouts.In order to learn how long it usually takes to grow soybean sprouts, I grew some soybean sprouts myself.Here is my observation. When high quality soybeans have been kept in clean water for ten hours, they begin to become soft and their colour becomes lighter.Then, when they are put in a container and kept in a place where there is no sunlight for one day, small and soft buds start to appear.During the following three days, the buds gradually become longer and longer.On the fourth day, the buds completely grow into mature soybean sprouts. Watching the growth of soybean sprouts is a pleasure and I enjoy this process of observation. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$