内容正文:
Writing——如何写动物介绍类说明文
[对应学生用书第117页]
本单元的写作话题是“Writing an animal fact file”, 是以“说明”为主要表达方式, 介绍某动物的类属、生活习性、生存状态、外貌特征等。
动物介绍类的文章属于科普类说明文。由于与动物相关的信息较多, 因此介绍动物时要注意重点突出、详略得当。一般来说, 应重点介绍该动物的外形特征、栖息地、生活习性、种群现状等信息。在写作说明文时, 要注意条理清晰, 语言简洁明了。具体要注意以下几点:
1.说明文陈述的是客观事实, 因此时态应以一般现在时为主;
2.写作时以主动语态、陈述句式为主, 有时也可以选用其他表达形式;
3.恰当地使用过渡词语以充分体现时间顺序、空间顺序和逻辑顺序。
[基本框架]
1.对描述的对象作总体概括介绍, 给人以直观的总体认识。
2.具体说明, 目的在于让人了解此种动物。
3.分析生存现状, 呼吁人们加以保护。
[常用词语]
1. extinct 灭绝的
2. preserve 保护
3. victim 牺牲品, 受害者
4. damage natural habitat 破坏自然栖息地
5. disturb the wildlife’s natural habitat
扰乱野生动物的自然栖息地
6. endangered species 濒危物种
7. die out 灭绝
8. natural reserve 自然保护区
9. protect wildlife 保护野生动物
10. cut down 砍倒
11. keep the balance of nature 保持生态平衡
12. raise the awareness of 唤醒……的意识
13. live in harmony with 与……和谐相处
14. take measures 采取措施
15. set up some nature reserves 设立自然保护区
[常用语句]
1. There are many animals in nature.
自然界有许多动物。
2. Many trees are being cut down and more and more forests are lost, making animals lose their homes to live in.
许多树木被砍伐, 越来越多的森林在丢失, 使动物失去了赖以生存的家园。
3. As forests are being cut down, its habitat is becoming smaller and smaller.
随着森林被砍伐, 它的栖息地越来越小。
4. Most of the movements of monkeys are in the tree.
猴子多数的活动都在树上。
5. If we don’t protect them, they’ll probably die out soon.
如果我们不保护它们, 它们可能很快就会灭绝。
6. In fact, they are an important part of nature.
事实上, 它们是自然界重要的一部分。
7. We should let people know the importance of protecting endangered animals.
我们应该让人们知道保护濒危动物的重要性。
8. Many animals are being killed so that some of them are in danger of dying out.
许多动物被杀死, 因此有些动物有灭绝的危险。
9. The jumping ability of monkey is amazing to human beings.
猴子的跳跃能力是非常惊人的。
10. No one can deny/doubt that protecting the animals is helpful to us humans as well.
没人能够否认/怀疑, 保护动物同样有利于人类自己。
根据下列内容, 写一篇有关濒危动物——金丝猴的短文。
1.外貌:金黄色或者灰色;尾巴几乎和身体一样长。
2.栖息地:主要在中国, 海拔在1 500-3 300米的森林中。
3.生活习性:群居, 吃树叶、水果。
4.濒危动物, 呼吁大家保护金丝猴。
注意:词数80左右。
[审题谋篇]
明确体裁话题:说明文;介绍动物。
确定人称时态:以第三人称及一般现在时为主。
布局文章架构:首段:引入话题;
中段:介绍栖息地和生活习性;
尾段:呼吁……
列出核心要点:
1.描述外貌;
2.介绍栖息地和生活习性;
3.呼呼人们保护金丝猴。
[词汇推敲]
1. protect 保护
2. golden 金色的
3. gray 灰色的
4. as long as 长达, 和……一样长
5. forest 森林
6. fruit 水果
7. feed on 以……为食
8. nature reserve 自然保护区
[遣词造句]
①The golden monkey is a kind of lovely animal .
金丝猴是一种可爱的动物。
②Their fur is golden or gray .
它们的毛是金黄色或灰色的。
③They live in the forests .
它们居住在森林里。
④The altitude is 1,500~3,300 metres high .
处于海拔1 500-3 300米的地方。
⑤Our government has set up some nature reserves to protect them .
我们的政府已经建立了一些自然保护区来保护它们。
⑥More and more people realize the importance of protecting them .
越来越多的人意识到保护它们的重要性。
[句式升级]
1.用whose引导的定语从句升级句①和句②
The golden monkey is a kind of lovely animal, whose fur is golden or gray.
2.用where引导的定语从句升级句③和句④
They live in the forests, where the altitude is 1,500~3,300 metres high.
3.用with的复合结构升级句⑤和句⑥
With our government setting up some nature reserves, more and more people realize the importance of protecting them.
[妙笔成篇]
[参考范文]
The golden monkey is a kind of lovely animal, whose fur is golden or gray. Their tails are almost as long as their bodies.
Golden monkeys mainly live in China. They live in the forests, where the altitude is 1,500~3,300 metres high. Besides, they like to live in groups and feed on fruit, tree leaves, and so on.
Nowadays, the number of the golden monkey is decreasing. So our government has taken measures to control this. With our government setting up some nature reserves, more and more people realize the importance of protecting them. It’s time for every one of us to take immediate action to preserve golden monkeys.
假如你是李华, 你在校报向同学们征集介绍野生动物的稿件, 请根据下面的提示用英语写一篇介绍老虎的文章:老虎是大型猫科食肉动物。其身上有黑黄相间的条纹, 非常漂亮, 尾巴长而有力。它们生活在密林里, 以森林里的小动物为食。现在世界上老虎的数量非常少, 我们必须尽全力保护它们并改善它们的生存环境。
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:条纹stripe
[参考范文]
Tigers are a kind of big cats living in thick forests. They look like cats, but much bigger. They are very fierce and mainly eat meat. They have yellow and black stripes all over the body which looks very beautiful. They also have long and strong tails.
During the past years, many forests have been destroyed and therefore the habitats of tigers are becoming worse and worse. As a result, there are fewer tigers left in the world now.
Tigers are endangered animals, so we must do our best to protect their habitats and improve their living conditions.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$$