UNIT 3 Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas（Word教参）【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册同步练测（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas [对应学生用书第52页] Ⅰ.重点单词 ▶基础单词 1.　character　 n. （书、剧本、电影等中的）人物， 角色 2.　approach　 v. 走近， 靠近 3.　chat　 n. 闲谈， 聊天 4.　focus　 v. （把……）集中（于） 5.　career　 n. 职业， 事业 6.　lawyer　 n. 律师 7.　talent　 n. 天赋， 才能 8.　generation　 n. 一代（人） ▶拓展单词 1.　assume　 v.假定， 假设， 认为→assuming conj.假设→assumption n.假设；设想 2.　respect　 v.尊敬， 敬重→respectable adj.受人尊敬的；体面的→respectful adj.有礼貌的；恭敬的 3.　ignore　 v.忽视， 不理→ignorance n.无知→ignorant adj.不了解的；无知的；无礼的 4. profession n.职业；专业→　professional　 adj.职业的， 专业的 5.　suit　 v.适合→suitable adj.合适的 Ⅱ.重点短语 1. as well 　as　 除……之外还；同……一样好 2. turn 　to　 求助于；翻到（书的某页）；致力于；开始从事；查阅；转向 3. focus 　on　 集中于 4.　in　 surprise 惊讶地 5. be interested 　in　 对……感兴趣 6. calm 　down　 平静下来；镇静下来 7.　in　 the end 最后；终于 8. be proud 　of　 为……而自豪 9. jump in 　with　 both feet 踊跃参加；全心全意投入 10. at 　the　 same time 同时 Ⅲ.阅读词汇 1. studio n. 　（音乐）录音室　 2. court n. 　法院， 法庭　 3. option n. 　选择， 可选择的东西　 4. curtain n. 　（舞台上的）幕， 帷幕　 5. gap n. 　差距， 差别　 Ⅳ.重点句型 1. A play is a story 　performed on a stage　. 戏剧是在舞台上表演的故事。 2. Grandfather and Father， 　seated at the table　， are playing chess. 祖父和父亲坐在桌边下国际象棋。 3. Oh look， 　here comes　 my boy. 哟， 我儿子来了。 4. You just assume I want to be a lawyer， but 　that’s only because　 you are a lawyer. 您以为我想做律师， 可那只是因为您自己是律师。 5.　Playing in a band　 is not a job. 搞乐队根本不是份工作。 [对应学生用书第53页] [整体理解] Ⅰ. Scan the text and find out the main idea of the text. The text is mainly about 　the disagreement between Father and Son in choosing a future job　. Ⅱ. Read the text and choose the best answers. 1. What is Father’s reaction to the boy’s idea about his future？ A. Happy. B. Surprised. C. Angry. D. Calm. 2. Father wants his son to become a lawyer because 　　　　. A. his son is in deep love of law B. his son can show his own talent C. he benefits a lot from the career D. lawyers are rich and respect others 3. The father wanted to be a 　　　　 when he was young. A. lawyer B. engineer C. musician D. soccer player 4. What do we know from the end of the passage？ A. The son takes his grandfather’s advice. B. The son is disappointed at his father’s words. C. The son and the father reach an agreement. D. The father doesn’t agree with the grandfather. 答案　1-4　BCDB Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks according to the text. A son decided not to go to university， 1.　which　 surprises his father. Father is a lawyer， and intends his son 2.　to choose　（choose）the career as well， because it 3.　pays　（pay）well. However， the son is 4.　interested　（interest）in playing music. Father doesn’t understand his son and has an 5.　argument　（argue）with him. Grandfather has no choice but to calm both of them 6.　down　. He remembered his son first wanted to be a 7.　professional　（profession）soccer player. He suggested that Son think carefully before 8.　jumping　（jump）in with both feet. Son 9.　took　（take）Grandfather’s advice and wanted to have 10.　a　 try. [课文译注] 词汇积累 教材原文 参考译文 ①play chess下国际象棋 在棋类、球类名词前不用冠词， 如果表示弹奏乐器， 则在乐器类名词前加定冠词， 如play the violin（拉小提琴）， play the piano（弹钢琴）等。 ②nervously adv.不安地；神经紧张地 ③approach v.走近， 靠近 ④turn to求助于；翻到（书的某页）；致力于；开始从事；查阅；转向 ⑤chat n.闲谈， 聊天 ⑥Here it is.此处意为“事情是这样的。” ⑦focus v.（把……）集中（于） ⑧career n.职业；事业 ⑨leave school毕业 leave the school离开校园 ⑩raise one’s voice提高嗓门 ⑪in surprise吃惊地 ⑫You can’t be serious！（＝You must be joking！）你一定是在开玩笑吧！ ⑬lawyer n.律师 ⑭assume v.假定， 假设， 认为 ⑮respect v.尊敬， 敬重 ⑯studio n.（音乐）录音室 ⑰court n.法院， 法庭 ⑱ignore v.忽视， 不理 ⑲daydream v.做白日梦；幻想 ⑳professional adj.职业的， 专业的 ㉑in the end最后 ㉒advise sb. to do sth.建议某人做某事 advise doing sth.建议做某事 ㉓suit v.适合 ㉔talent n.天赋， 才能 ㉕ be proud of 为……而自豪 ㉖jump in with both feet 踊跃参加；全心全意投入 ㉗option n.选择， 可选择的东西 ㉘sigh n.叹气， 叹息（尤因厌烦、失望、疲倦等） ㉙curtain n.（舞台上的）幕， 帷幕 Like Father， Like Son （The living room. Friday night. A table and two chairs at front centre. Grandfather and Father， seated at the table， are playing chess①.[1]） [1]seated at the table为过去分词短语作状语。seat意为“（使）就座， 坐下”。常用其过去分词表示状态。 Grandfather：And…I win！ （Son enters room.） Father：Not again！ Oh look， here comes my boy.[2]How are you， son？ [2]副词here位于句首， 句子使用倒装， 但主语须是名词。 Son：（nervously② approaching③ the table）Erm…Dad， can we talk？ Father：Sure！You know you can always turn to④ your dad for a chat⑤. Son：OK. Here it is⑥.[3]I’ve decided not to go to university. I want to focus⑦ on my band and have a career⑧in music when I leave school⑨. [3]副词here位于句首， 而主语是代词， 句子不用倒装。 Father：（raising his voice⑩ in surprise⑪）You can’t be serious⑫！What about your future career as a lawyer⑬？！ Son：I knew you’d say that. You just assume⑭ I want to be a lawyer， but that’s only because you are a lawyer.[4] [4]该句是连词but连接的并列句。前后分句又都是复合句。第一个分句中， 谓语动词assume跟的是省略that的宾语从句；第二个分句中含有because引导的表语从句。 Father：What’s wrong with being a lawyer？Lawyers help people and are respected⑮ by others. Son：Yes， but I’m not interested in law. I want to work in a studio⑯， not a court⑰. Grandfather：（looking at Father）Calm down. OK？ Father：（ignoring⑱ Grandfather’s words）Stop daydreaming⑲！ Playing in a band is not a job. Son：Of course it is！ The music industry is developing fast now. Making music is a job. Grandfather：（stepping between Father and Son and raising his voice）Hey！ I told you to calm down， both of you！ Father：But I told him to study something useful at university！ Grandfather：（laughing）Easy， son！ I remember when you were his age， you said that you wanted to be a professional⑳ football player.[5] [5]主句为I remember…， 后面的宾语从句也是一个复合句。其中主句为you said…， 宾语从句由that引导， when you were his age是时间状语从句。 Father：And you wanted me to be an engineer！ Grandfather：I just wanted you to be happy， and an engineer—a happy engineer. Father：But in the end㉑， you just advised me to think㉒ carefully. Grandfather：Yes， and you have found the career that suits㉓your talents㉔. I’m so proud of㉕ you. Your son is proud of you， too. Son：Of course I am， but I have different talents. Grandfather：（turning to Son）Why don’t you also take my advice and think carefully before jumping in with both feet㉖？ Son：Well， I could try… Grandfather：If you go to university and play music at the same time， you will have two options㉗ for your future. And I’m sure playing in a band will help you make lots of new friends at university.[6] [6]该句am sure后是宾语从句， 省略了that， 从句的主语是动名词短语playing in a band。 Father：Yes， lots of new lawyer friends！ Son：（with a sigh㉘）Dad… （Curtain㉙） 有其父必有其子 　　（起居室。星期五晚上。舞台正前方有一张桌子、两把椅子。祖父和父亲坐在桌边下国际象棋。） 祖父：嗯……我赢了！ （儿子走进房间。） 父亲：怎么又输了！哟， 我儿子来了。最近怎么样啊， 儿子？ 儿子：（小心翼翼地走近桌子）呃……老爸， 咱们能聊聊吗？ 父亲：当然！你随时都可以找你老爸聊天啊。 儿子：好吧， 是这样， 我不想上大学。我想专心搞我的乐队， 毕业后走音乐这条路。 父亲：（惊讶地抬高声音说）你是在开玩笑吧！你不准备做律师了吗？！ 儿子：我就知道您会这么说。您以为我想做律师， 可那只是因为您自己是律师。 父亲：做律师哪里不好啦？律师帮助别人， 还受人尊敬。 儿子：的确， 但我对法律不感兴趣。我想在录音棚里工作， 不想在法院工作。 祖父：（看着父亲）先冷静一下， 好吗？ 父亲：（没有理会祖父的话）别做白日梦了！搞乐队根本不是份工作。 儿子：当然是！现在音乐产业发展得很快。做音乐是一份工作。 祖父：（走到父亲和儿子中间， 提高嗓门）嘿！我说了冷静点， 你们俩！ 父亲：可我也说了他得去上大学， 学些有用的东西！ 祖父：（笑）别生气， 儿子！我记得你像他这么大的时候， 你说你想当职业足球运动员。 父亲：可您想让我做工程师！ 祖父：我只是希望你能开心， 而且能当一名工程师——一名开心的工程师。 父亲：但最后您只是建议我认真考虑。 祖父：是的， 而且你找到了能发挥你天赋的职业。我以你为荣。你儿子也以你为荣。 儿子：没错， 但是我的天赋（和你的）并不一样。 祖父：（对儿子说）要不然你也按照我说的， 三思而后行？ 儿子：嗯， 我可以试试…… 祖父：如果你边上大学边搞音乐， 你将来就会有两种选择。而且， 我相信加入乐队能让你在大学里结识很多新朋友。 父亲：是的， 很多新的律师朋友！ 儿子：（叹了口气）老爸…… （落幕） [对应学生用书第55页] [核心词汇] 1. approach v.走近， 靠近 （教材P35）nervously approaching the table小心翼翼地走近桌子 approach n. 靠近；方法；途径 （an）approach to 接近；近似；（做某事）的方法/途径 the approach to doing sth. 做某事的方法 at the approach of 在快到……的时候 All the approaches to the airport were blocked by the police. 所有通往机场的路都被警察封锁了。 The best approach to building up your body is to do exercise every day. 增强体质的最佳方法就是每天进行体育锻炼。 [名师点津] 表示“方法；方式”的短语荟萃： approach to（doing）sth.、way to do/of doing sth.、with this method of doing sth.、in a…manner of doing sth.等。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①At the meeting they discussed three different 　approaches　（approach）to the study of mathematics. ②Facing your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach 　to　 working things out. ③The best approach to 　learning　（learn）a foreign language is the study of the spoken language. （2）一句多译 随着教师节的临近， 今年我们班决定换一种方式举行一场晚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。 ④As 　Teachers’ Day was approaching　， our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. ⑤With 　Teachers’ Day approaching　， our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year. 2. turn to求助于；翻到（书的某页）；开始从事（学习、工作）；查阅；转向 （教材P35）You know you can always turn to your dad for a chat. 你随时都可以找你老爸聊天啊。 turn down 调小；拒绝 turn away 拒绝……入内；把……打发走 turn up 出现；露面；调大 turn out 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产 turn over 打翻；翻身；移交 Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy. 上个周末， 汤姆不得不拒绝参加聚会的邀请， 因为他太忙了。 He promised that he would come， but he hasn’t turned up yet. 他答应他会来， 但他还没露面。 [活学活用] （1）写出下列句子中turn to的含义 ①Whenever you are in trouble， you can turn to the police for help.　求助于　 ②After he left university he became a teacher， but later turned to journalism.开始从事 ③You shouldn’t always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.　查阅　 ④Follow the main road until it branches and then turn to the left.　转向　 （2）单句写作 ⑤当你处于困境的时候， 你可以向我求助。 When you are in trouble， you can 　turn to me for help/ask me for help　. 3. focus v.（把……）集中（于） （教材P35）I want to focus on my band and have a career in music when I leave school. 我想专心搞我的乐队， 毕业后走音乐这条路。 （1）f ocus on 集中；特别关注 focus one’s attention/eyes/energy on 集中注意力/目光/精力于…… （2） focus n. 中心；重点；焦点 the focus of attention/concern 注意力/关注的焦点 in focus 焦距对准；清晰 out of focus 焦距没对准；模糊 The children’s faces were badly out of focus in the photograph. 照片上孩子们的面部非常模糊。 With so many people focusing their eyes on him， he felt very nervous. 有那么多人在盯着自己， 他感到很紧张。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①The key question is 　in　 focus； why not reach a decision？ ②Instead of focusing 　on　 your wounded feelings， learn to look for the love， beauty and kindness around you. ③With his thought 　focused　（focus）on the problem， he didn’t notice me come in. （2）单句写作 ④如果我们发现那些材料有趣， 我们的注意力就会长时间集中在它们身上。 If we find those materials interesting， we will 　focus our attention on/concentrate our attention on　 them for long. 4. assume v.假定， 假设， 认为 （教材P35）You just assume I want to be a lawyer， but that’s only because you are a lawyer. 您以为我想做律师， 可那只是因为您自己是律师。 （1） assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假设某人/某事为 It is assumed that… 一般认为…… （2） assumption n. 假定；假设 make an assumption 认为；假定 It is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. 一般认为全球变暖和气候改变在将来会引起更多的灾难。 A lot of people make the assumption that poverty only exists in the third world. 许多人认为贫困仅仅存在于第三世界。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①We must assume him 　to be　（be）innocent until he is proved guilty. ②It is generally 　assumed　（assume）that stress is caused by too much work. ③As far as I know， a great many people make the 　assumption　（assume）that he is right. （2）一句多译 人们认为他们所做的对环境几乎没什么影响。 ④　People assume that　 what they do has little effect on the environment. ⑤　It is assumed that　 what people do has little effect on the environment. 5. respect v.尊敬， 敬重 （教材P35）Lawyers help people and are respected by others. 律师帮助别人， 还受人尊敬。 （1） respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊重某人 （2） respect n. 敬意；问候；细节；方面 have/show respect for sb. 尊重某人 give/send one’s respects to sb. 向某人表示敬意 out of respect for… 出于对……的尊敬；顾及 I hope airlines can show more respect for passengers and improve service. 我希望航空公司能多尊重乘客并提高服务水平。 Chinese children grow up with warnings not to waste a single grain of rice， out of respect for farmers’ labor. 中国的孩子在很小的时候就接受不能浪费每一粒粮食的教育， 这是出于对农民劳动的尊重。 [名师点津] respect表示“尊重；敬重”时为不可数名词；表示“细节；方面”时为可数名词；表示“敬意；问候”时， 多用复数形式。 [活学活用] （1）写出下列句子中respect的词性和含义 ①You should respect all the teachers who unselfishly help you to gain much knowledge.　v.尊敬　 ②We should show respect for the workers who devote themselves to beautifying our city.　n.尊敬　 ③This proposal differs from the last one in many respects.　n.方面　 ④Please give my respects to your parents.　n.问候　 （2）单句语法填空 ⑤She has always been honest with me， and I respect her 　for　 that. ⑥Please send my 　respects　（respect）to your family when you visit them. 6. ignore v.忽视， 不理 （教材P35）ignoring Grandfather’s words 没有理会祖父的话 （1） ignorance n. 无知；愚昧 be in ignorance of 对……无知/不了解 （2） ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的 be ignorant of 对……无知/不了解 Having been ignored for a long time， the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out. 因长时间被忽视， 这个男孩坐在后面感到枯燥就出去了。 We are in complete ignorance of his plans. 我们完全不知道他的计划。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①　Ignoring　（ignore）the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. ②We were all quite 　ignorant　（ignore）of the local conditions. ③That unsuitable remark exposed his 　ignorance　（ignore）of the subject. （2）单句写作 ④如果想取得更大的进步， 你不应该忽视你的错误。 　You should not ignore your mistakes　 if you want to make greater progress. 7. suit v.适合 （教材P36）Yes， and you have found the career that suits your talents. 是的， 而且你找到了能发挥你天赋的职业。 （1） suit one’s needs 适合某人的需要 （2） suitable adj. 适当的；相配的 be suitable for sb./sth. 适合于某人/某物 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 This programme is not suitable for children. 这个节目儿童不宜。 I don’t have anything that is suitable to wear for the party. 我没有任何适合在聚会上穿的衣服。 [易混辨析]　suit/match/fit suit 通常表示衣物或其他物品的式样、颜色等适合某人， 也指时间、场所、情况适合某人。 match 表示衣物或物品等放在一起搭配协调。 fit 通常指衣物、物品大小、形状适合、吻合。 [活学活用] （1）选词填空：suit、 match、 fit ①I want to take this jacket because it 　fits　 me well and 　matches　 my trousers， though the style doesn’t 　suit　 me. （2）单句写作 ②因为我的英语口语很流利， 我认为我非常适合这份工作。 Because my spoken English is fluent， I think 　I am very suitable/fit for this job　. 8. talent n.天赋， 才能 （教材P36）Yes， and you have found the career that suits your talents. 是的， 而且你找到了能发挥你天赋的职业。 （1） have a talent for 有……才能；有……天赋 talent show 选秀节目；才艺展示 show a talent for 表现出……才能 （2） talented adj. 有才能的；多才的 be talented in… 在……方面有天赋 My brother showed a talent for music when he was very young. 我弟弟在很小的时候就表现出音乐才能。 He had a talent for singing at an early age. 很小的时候， 他就有唱歌的天赋。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①There are a great many 　talented　（talent）people waiting to be discovered. ②He had a talent 　for　 music and was appointed conductor of the band at the age of 30. （2）单句写作 ③她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐天赋而自豪。 She is proud that both her children 　have a talent for music　. [重点句型] 1.过去分词短语作后置定语 （教材P34）A play is a story 　performed on a stage　. 戏剧是在舞台上表演的故事。 [句式剖析] 过去分词短语performed on a stage在句中作后置定语， 修饰story。 [归纳拓展] （1）过去分词（短语）作定语， 与所修饰词语之间通常存在被动关系， 少数过去分词也可表示完成， 不表被动。 （2）单个过去分词作定语往往前置， 过去分词短语作定语须后置。用作定语的过去分词（短语）在意思上与一个定语从句相似。 It is not fit to go swimming in a polluted river. ＝It is not fit to go swimming in a river that is polluted. 在一条污染了的河里游泳是不合适的。 The student dressed in white is my daughter. ＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter. 穿白色衣服的那个学生是我的女儿。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①The trees 　blown　（blow）down in the storm have been moved off the road. ②The program， 　intended　（intend）to help the homeless， was set up. （2）句型转换 ③Most of the people who were invited to attend the party were famous scientists. →Most of the people 　invited to attend the party　 were famous scientists. 2.倒装句 （教材P35）Oh look， 　here comes　 my boy. 哟， 我儿子来了。 [句式剖析] 本句是一个完全倒装句。其正常结构：Oh look， my boy comes here. [归纳拓展] 全部倒装： （1）表示地点、方位或时间的副词（out、in、up、away、here、there、now、then等）以及表示方位的介词短语置于句首时； （2）谓语动词一般为be动词或lie、come、go、stand等动词； （3）句子的主语为名词。如果句子的主语为代词， 主谓不倒装。 Then came the moment we had been looking forward to. 我们一直盼望的时刻来了。 Next door to ours live a foreign couple， who seem to have settled into life in China. 我们隔壁住着一对外国夫妇， 他们看起来已经习惯了中国的生活了。 [活学活用] （1）句型转换 ①A tall tree with a history of over 100 years stands in front of the house. →In front of the house 　stands a tall tree　 with a history of over 100 years. ②David， who was quite surprised when everyone shouted Happy Birthday， walked into the dark apartment. →　Into the dark apartment walked　 David， who was quite surprised when everyone shouted Happy Birthday. （2）翻译句子 ③山顶上有一个寺庙。 　There stands an old temple on the top of the hill./On the top of the hill stands an old temple.　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$