UNIT 2 Section ⅠStarting out & Understanding ideas（Word教参）【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册同步练测（外研版2019）

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas [对应学生用书第27页] Ⅰ.重点单词 ▶基础单词 1.　title　 n. 题目， 标题 2.　unique　 adj. 独一无二的， 独特的 3.　alarm　 n. 警报器；闹钟 ▶拓展单词 1.　sculpt　 v.雕刻， 雕塑→　sculpture　 n.雕像， 雕刻品， 雕塑作品→sculptor n.雕刻家， 雕塑家 2. oppose v.反对；反抗；与（某人）较量→　opposing　 adj.（观点、意见等）相反的， 相对立的→opposed adj.反对的；对立的 3. behave v.举动；（举止或行为）表现→　behavior　 n.举止， 行为 4. confuse v.使迷惑；使为难→　confusing　 adj.令人困惑的→confused adj.感到迷惑的→confusion n.迷惑 5.　reflect　 v.显示， 反映→reflection n.反射；沉思 6. create v.创造；创作；创建→　creative　 adj.创造（性）的→　creativity　 n.创造性， 创造力→creation n.创造；创作 7.　visible　 adj.看得见的， 可见的→（反）invisible adj.看不见的 Ⅱ.重点短语 1. according 　to　 按照；根据……所说 2. have trouble（in）　doing　 sth. 在做某事方面有麻烦 3. neither…　nor　… 既不……也不…… 4.　for　 example 例如 5. burn 　up　 烧毁， 烧尽 6. burn 　down　 烧毁 7. fill 　in/out　 the form 填表格 8. go 　off　 （铃、爆竹等）响；爆炸；离开；（食物等）变质 9. wind 　up　 给（机械）上发条；使（活动、会议等）结束 10.　in　 order to 为了…… Ⅲ.重点句型 1. I hadn’t， until one day my five-year-old son asked me 　whether there was ham in a hamburger　. 我以前从未想过这个问题， 直到有一天， 我5岁的儿子问我hamburger（汉堡包）里面有没有ham（火腿）。 2.　Neither is　 there pine nor apple in pineapple. pineapple（菠萝）里既没有pine（松树）， 也没有apple（苹果）。 3.　While we’re doing all this traveling　， we can get seasick at sea， airsick in the air and carsick in a car， but we don’t get homesick when we get back home. 同样， 我们会在海上晕船（seasick at sea）、在飞机里晕机（airsick in the air）、在车里晕车（carsick in a car）， 但回到家里我们却不会“晕家”（homesick， 实际意义为“思乡的”）。 4. You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down， in which you fill in a form by filling it out， and in which an alarm is only heard 　once it goes off　！ 英语这门语言独有的疯狂令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里， 房子烧成灰烬的时候， 可以说burn up（字面意思为“烧上去”）， 也可以说burn down（字面意思为“烧下去”）；填表的时候， 你可以fill in a form（字面意思为“填入表里”）， 也可以fill out a form（字面意思为“填到表外”）；而且只有闹钟走了（go off字面意思为“离开”）以后你才能听到铃声！ 5.　That is why　 when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out， they are invisible. 这就是为什么stars are out（星星出来了）的时候我们能看到星星， 而lights are out（灯灭了）的时候我们却看不到灯光。 [对应学生用书第28页] [整体理解] Ⅰ. Scan the text and match the general idea of each paragraph. 1. Para.1A. Give some examples to discuss the topic. B. Conclude the topic of the passage. C. Lead to the topic of the passage. 答案　1-3　CAB Ⅱ. Read the text and choose the best answers. 1. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage？ A. When we are traveling， we say that we are in the car or the taxi， but on the train or bus！ B. When we look out of the window and see rain or snow， we can say “it’s raining” or “it’s snowing”. C. When we see sunshine， we can say “it’s sunshining”. D. When we see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report， we can’t read it as the “who” in “Who’s that？” 2. The author wrote the passage by 　　　　. A. giving examples B. asking questions C. analyzing D. exaggerating（夸大）the truth 3. What do we know from the last paragraph？ A. Words always have the same meanings. B. Words can’t always describe what we feel. C. Words sometimes confuse us. D. Words can have different meanings in different situations. 4. The author’s purpose to write the passage is 　　　　. A. to share the difficulty in learning different English words well B. to show how interesting and creative the language of English is C. to instruct how to spell difficult English words correctly D. to analyze the reason for inventing the language of English 答案　1-4　CADB Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks according to the text. Do you have any difficulty 1.　learning　（learn） English better？Have you ever wondered why there is no ham 2.　in　 your hamburger 3.　and　 why you can’t find any egg in eggplant？Maybe this will get you 4.　thinking　（think）how crazy the language of English is. We like to paint a 5.　painting　（paint）， and we are traveling in 6.　the　 car but we take photos and travel on the bus. When we see the rain， we say “it 7.　is raining　（rain）” but no “sunshining” to use when seeing sunshine. The words are really 8.　confusing　（confuse）. Such unique 9.　madness　（mad）can be seen almost everywhere because English 10.　reflects　（reflect）the creativity of the human race. [课文译注] 词汇积累 教材原文 参考译文 ①have trouble（in）doing sth.在做某事方面有麻烦 ②ham n.火腿 ③eggplant n.茄子 ④neither…nor…既不……也不…… ⑤pine n.松树 ⑥pineapple n.菠萝 ⑦sculpt v.雕刻， 雕塑 ⑧sculpture n.雕像， 雕刻品， 雕塑作品 ⑨seasick adj.晕船的 ⑩airsick adj.晕机的 ⑪carsick adj.晕车的 ⑫homesick adj.想家的 ⑬speak of…谈到……；说到…… ⑭opposite n.对立的人（或物）；对立面 ⑮opposing adj.（观点、意见等）相反的， 相对立的 ⑯harmless adj.无害的；不致伤的 ⑰shameless adj.无耻的；不知羞耻的 ⑱shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的 ⑲behavior n.举止， 行为 ⑳confusing adj.令人困惑的 ㉑capitalized adj.大写的 ㉒unique adj.独一无二的， 独特的 ㉓burn up烧毁， 烧尽 ㉔burn down烧毁 ㉕fill in/out the form填表格 ㉖alarm n.警报器；闹钟 ㉗go off（铃、爆竹等）响；爆炸；离开；（食物等）变质 ㉘reflect v.显示， 反映 ㉙creativity n.创造性， 创造力 ㉚visible adj.看得见的， 可见的 ㉛wind up给（机械）上发条；使（活动、会议等）结束 Neither Pine nor Apple in Pineapple Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning① English？[1]I hadn’t， until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham② in a hamburger.[2]There isn’t. This made me realize that there’s no egg in eggplant③ either.Neither④ is there pine⑤ nor apple in pineapple⑥.[3]This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn. [1]该句中的why引导的是宾语从句， 作asked的宾语。 [2]该句中的until引导时间状语从句， 从句中又含有一个whether引导的宾语从句。 [3] 该句是由neither和nor引导的并列句， 前句用了倒装句式， 后句用了省略句式。 For example， in our free time we can sculpt⑦ a sculpture⑧ and paint a painting， but we take a photo. And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi， but on the train or bus！While we’re doing all this traveling， we can get seasick⑨ at sea， airsick⑩ in the air and carsick⑪ in a car， but we don’t get homesick⑫ when we get back home.[4]And speaking of⑬ home， why aren’t homework and housework the same thing？ [4]该句为复合句。有while和when引导的两个时间状语从句， 主句里含有but连接的并列句。 If “hard” is the opposite⑭ of “soft”， why are “hardly” and “softly” not an opposing⑮ pair？If harmless⑯ actions are the opposite of harmful actions， why are shameless⑰ and shameful⑱ behaviors⑲ the same？ When we look out of the window and see rain or snow， we can say “it’s raining” or “it’s snowing”. But when we see sunshine， we can’t say “it’s sunshining”. Even the smallest words can be confusing⑳. When you see the capitalized㉑“WHO” in a medical report， do you read it as the “who” in “Who’s that？” What about “IT” and “US”？ You also have to wonder at the unique㉒ madness of a language in which a house can burn up㉓ as it burns down㉔， in which you fill in a form㉕ by filling it out， and in which an alarm㉖ is only heard once it goes off㉗！[5] [5]该句中含有三个in which引导的定语从句， 修饰先行词madness， 在第一、三从句中又分别含有as， once引导的时间状语从句。 English was invented by people， not computers， and it reflects㉘ the creativity㉙ of the human race.That is why when the stars are out， they are visible㉚， but when the lights are out， they are invisible.[6]And that is why when I wind up㉛ my watch， it starts， but when I wind up this passage， it ends. [6]该句中的why引导的是表语从句， 该从句是由but连接的一个并列句， 而该并列句的前后分句都是复合句， 都含有when引导的时间状语从句。 菠萝≠松树＋苹果 你有没有问过自己， 为什么人们常常觉得学英语很困难？我以前从未想过这个问题， 直到有一天， 我5岁的儿子问我hamburger（汉堡包）里面有没有ham（火腿）。答案是没有。这让我意识到， eggplant（茄子）里面也没有egg（鸡蛋）， 而pineapple（菠萝）里既没有pine（松树）， 也没有apple（苹果）。这让我陷入思考：对于学习者而言， 英语到底可以有多疯狂呢？ 例如， 闲暇时我们可以雕一座雕像（sculpt a sculpture）、画一幅画（paint a painting）， 但只能拍一张照片（take a photo）。旅行时， 我们坐汽车或出租车时是说坐在里面（in）， 坐火车或公共汽车时却要说坐在上面（on）！同样， 我们会在海上晕船（seasick at sea）、在飞机里晕机（airsick in the air）、在车里晕车（carsick in a car）， 但回到家里我们却不会“晕家”（homesick， 实际意义为“思乡的”）。说到家， 为什么homework（家庭作业）和housework（家务）这两个英语单词看起来很像意思却不是一回事呢？ 如果说hard（硬）是soft（软）的反义词， 为什么hardly（几乎不）和softly（柔和地）却不是一对反义词？如果说harmless actions（无害行为）和harmful actions（有害行为）意思相反， 为什么shameless behaviors（无耻行为）和shameful behaviors（可耻行为）反而是一回事？ 当我们望向窗外， 看到雨（rain）或雪（snow）时， 我们可以说正在下雨（it’s raining）或正在下雪（it’s snowing）。可我们看见阳光（sunshine）的时候却不能说“正在下阳光”（it’s sunshining）。 就算是最短小的单词都让人费解。如果你在医学报告中看到大写的WHO， 你会把它读成Who’s that？中的who吗？那么IT和US又该怎么读呢？ 英语这门语言独有的疯狂令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里， 房子烧成灰烬的时候， 可以说burn up（字面意思为“烧上去”）， 也可以说burn down（字面意思为“烧下去”）；填表的时候， 你可以fill in a form（字面意思为“填入表里”）， 也可以fill out a form（字面意思为“填到表外”）；而且只有闹钟走了（go off字面意思为“离开”）以后你才能听到铃声！ 英语是人创造的， 不是计算机发明的， 它反映了人类的创造力。这就是为什么stars are out（星星出来了）的时候我们能看到星星， 而lights are out（灯灭了）的时候我们却看不到灯光。这也是当我wind up my watch（给手表上紧发条）以后表针开始走， 而我wind up this passage（将本文收尾）后这篇文章结束的原因。 [对应学生用书第30页] [核心词汇] 1. have trouble（in）doing sth.在做某事方面有麻烦 （教材P19）Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English？ 你有没有问过自己， 为什么人们常常觉得学英语很困难？ have trouble with sth. 做某事有困难/麻烦 have difficulty（in）doing sth. 在做某事方面有困难或麻烦 get into trouble 陷入困境；惹麻烦 take the trouble to do sth. 不辞辛劳地做某事 in trouble 有麻烦；处于困难中 Whenever we have trouble with our studies， our teachers always help us patiently. 不管何时我们学习上有困难， 我们的老师总是耐心地帮助我们。 They are taking a lot of trouble to find the right person for the job. 他们正竭力寻找适合做这份工作的人。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①If you go to school lacking sleep， you might have trouble 　with　 memory. ②Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was 　in　 trouble. ③I never have trouble 　sleeping　（sleep）in a strange place. （2）单句写作 ④不论什么时候学习遇到困难， 请马上找我们帮忙。 Please don’t hesitate to turn to us for help 　whenever you have trouble with your study/have trouble/difficulty in studying　. 2. behavior n.举止， 行为 （教材P19）If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions， why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same？ 如果说harmless actions（无害行为）和harmful actions（有害行为）意思相反， 为什么shameless behaviors（无耻行为）和shameful behaviors（可耻行为）反而是一回事？ behave v. 举动；（举止或行为）表现 behave well/badly to/towards sb. 对待某人好/差 behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体 Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves. 应当鼓励学生养成良好的习惯， 行为更加守规矩。 Some parents try to scare their children into behaving well. 有些父母试图用吓唬的办法使孩子守规矩。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①This is a family where bad 　behaviour　（behave）will be punished. ②If parents do not teach their child how to behave 　himself　（he）， he will do anything at will. ③The shop assistants behave very well 　to/towards　 customers. （2）单句写作 ④你的儿子今天在聚会上守规矩了吗？ Did your son 　behave well/himself　 at the party today？ 3. confusing adj.令人困惑的 （教材P20）Even the smallest words can be confusing. 就算是最短小的单词都让人费解。 （1） confuse v. 使迷惑；使为难；使混乱；混淆 confuse…with/and… 混淆；辨别不清 be confused by 被……弄混；糊涂 （2） confused adj. 困惑的；烦恼的 （3） confusion n. 困惑 I always confuse John with his brother. They are so much alike. 我总是分不清约翰和他的哥哥。他们长得太像了。 I would often get confused when I came across new words with a similar spelling. 当遇到拼写相似的生词时， 我常常感到困惑。 [语境助记] They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused， standing there in confusion and not knowing what to do next. 他们问了那么多难以理解的问题， 让我很困惑。我彻底糊涂了， 困窘地站在那里不知道接下来要做什么。 [名师点津] confusing表示事物让人困惑的；而confused表示人受到事物的影响而感到困惑， 主语是人。当修饰一个人和表情（look、expression）及声音（voice）时， 一般用confused。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①People often confuse me 　and/with　 my twin sister. ②He used many terms in his speech which sounded 　confusing　（confuse）to the audience. ③To avoid 　confusion　（confuse）， the teams wore different colours. （2）句式升级 ④He was confused with the present situation， so he didn’t know what to do next. →　Confused with the present situation　， he didn’t know what to do next. 4. alarm n.警报器；闹钟 （教材P20）You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down， in which you fill in a form by filling it out， and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off！ 英语这门语言独有的疯狂令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里， 房子烧成灰烬的时候， 可以说burn up（字面意思为“烧上去”）， 也可以说burn down（字面意思为“烧下去”）；填表的时候， 你可以fill in a form（字面意思为“填入表里”）， 也可以fill out a form（字面意思为“填到表外”）；而且只有闹钟走了（go off字面意思为“离开”）以后你才能听到铃声！ （1） raise/sound the alarm 发出警报；报警 in alarm 惊恐地 （2） alarm v. 使担心；使害怕；使惊恐 （3） alarmed adj. 担心的；害怕的 be alarmed at/by… 对……感到忧虑或害怕 be alarmed to do sth. 害怕做某事 （4） alarming adj. 使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的 They were alarmed to find their house burnt up. 发现房子被烧光了， 他们大惊失色。 All of a sudden， a loud noise came from downstairs， making Ellie cry out in alarm. 楼下突然传来一声巨响， 使埃莉惊慌地大叫起来。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①We’ve all heard that the global temperature is rising at an 　alarming　（alarm）rate. ②She was 　alarmed　（alarm）at the prospect of travelling alone. （2）单句写作 ③当你看到一栋建筑着火的时候一定要发出警报。 　Be sure to sound/raise the alarm　 when you see a building on fire. 5. reflect v.显示， 反映 （教材P20）English was invented by people， not computers， and it reflects the creativity of the human race. 英语是人创造的， 不是计算机发明的， 它反映了人类的创造力。 （1） reflect on/upon sth. 思考某事 （2） reflection n. 反射；反照；反映；映像 be lost in reflection 陷入深思中 You should set aside some time to reflect on/upon your successes and failures. 你应该留出时间反思你的成功和失败。 Usually a child’s behaviour is a reflection of his family environment. 通常一个孩子的行为是他家庭环境的反映。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①A city is the product of the human hand and mind， 　reflecting　（reflect）man’s intelligence and creativity. ②The way you dress yourself is a 　reflection　（reflect）of your occupation， background and personality. （2）单句写作 ③在做决定之前， 我需要时间认真思考一下这个问题。 Before I decide， I need time 　to reflect on/upon the problem　. 6. creativity n.创造性， 创造力 （教材P20）English was invented by people， not computers， and it reflects the creativity of the human race. 英语是人创造的， 不是计算机发明的， 它反映了人类的创造力。 create v. 创造；创作；创建 creative adj. 创造（性）的 creatively adv. 创造性地；有创造力地 creation n. 创造；创作 creator n. 创作人；创作者；创始人 I had created a way to get my message across while using as few words as possible. 我想出了一种能言简意赅地表达自己意思的方法。 Students from different countries are working creatively to protect a temple in China. 来自不同国家的学生正在创造性地为保护中国的一座寺庙而努力。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①I came to realize that the key to success lay in trying to surround myself with 　creative　（create）people. ②Language is the most important mental 　creation　（create）of man. ③Nowadays， there is a sharp increase in children’s 　creativity　（create）. （2）单句写作 ④你应该创建一种和谐的环境和他人相处， 这会对你有很大的帮助。 You 　should create a harmonious environment to get along with others　， which can help you greatly. 7. visible adj.看得见的， 可见的 （教材P20）That is why when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out， they are invisible. 这就是为什么stars are out（星星出来了）的时候我们能看到星星， 而lights are out（灯灭了）的时候我们却看不到灯光。 （1） be visible to 对……是可见的 （2） invisible adj. 看不见的 visibly adv. 显然；明显地；显而易见地 visibility n. 能见度；可见性；关注程度 vision n. 视力；视野；远见；设想 She was visibly shaken by the news. 那消息显然使她大为震惊。 Humankind paid for its broad vision and skillful hands with backaches and painful necks. 人类为其广阔的视野、灵巧的双手、背痛和脖子痛付出了代价。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①He had a clear 　vision　（visible）of how he hoped the company would develop. ②He’s 　visibly　（visible）aged and weakened since I saw him a year ago. ③The planet Mars will be visible 　to　 the naked eye all week. （2）单句写作 ④这一标志过路司机可清楚地看见。 The sign 　was clearly visible to　 passing motorists. 8. wind up给（机械）上发条；使（活动、会议等）结束 （教材P20）And that is why when I wind up my watch， it starts， but when I wind up this passage， it ends. 这也是当我wind up my watch（给手表上紧发条）以后表针开始走， 而我wind up this passage（将本文收尾）后这篇文章结束的原因。 （1） wind v.（wound， wound） 蜿蜒；迂回；上发条；缠绕 wind one’s way 蜿蜒前进 wind down （指钟表）慢下来后停住；使（业务、活动等）逐步结束；把……（汽车窗玻璃等）摇下 （2） wind n. 风 The Great Wall winds its way across north China like a huge dragon. 长城像一条巨龙， 在中国北方蜿蜒盘旋。 She wound the car window down to speak to the police officer. 她把车窗摇下来跟警察说话。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①I prefer to use clocks that don’t need winding 　up　. ②Although the old watch needs 　winding/to be wound　（wind）up every day， the old man doesn’t throw it away. （2）单句写作 ③小溪弯弯曲曲地流过村庄。 The stream 　winds its way through the village　. [重点句型] 1. neither…nor…既不……也不…… （教材P19）　Neither　 is there pine 　nor　 apple in pineapple. pineapple（菠萝）里既没有pine（松树）， 也没有apple（苹果）。 [句式剖析] 该句中neither…nor…连接并列句， 前句用倒装句式， 后句用省略句式。 [归纳拓展] （1）neither…nor…“既不……也不……”， 引导并列句时， 前句用倒装句式， 后句常用省略句式。 （2）neither…nor…连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时， 谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。 遵循“就近原则”的其他并列连词有：either…or… “不是……就是……”、not only…but also… “不仅……而且……”、not…but… “不是……而是……”。 As far as I’m concerned， neither you nor this young man is to blame for the accident. 在我看来， 你和这个年轻人都不应该为这次事故负责任。 Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①As a result， he could neither eat 　nor　 sleep. ②It is not who you are 　but　 what you have done for the society that matters. ③Neither the parents nor their son 　was　（be）satisfied with the result. ④Either Tom 　or　 his twin sisters are going to put on a performance tomorrow evening. （2）单句写作 ⑤彼得不想承担责任， 他的妻子也不想。 　Neither did　 Peter want the responsibility， 　nor did　 his wife. 2. once一（旦）……就…… （教材P20）You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down， in which you fill in a form by filling it out， and in which an alarm is only heard 　once it goes off　！ 英语这门语言独有的疯狂令你不得不感到惊奇。在英语里， 房子烧成灰烬的时候， 可以说burn up（字面意思为“烧上去”）， 也可以说burn down（字面意思为“烧下去”）；填表的时候， 你可以fill in a form（字面意思为“填入表里”）， 也可以fill out a form（字面意思为“填到表外”）；而且只有闹钟走了（go off字面意思为“离开”）以后你才能听到铃声！ [句式剖析] once是从属连词， “一（旦）……就……”， 连接一个表示时间的状语从句。 [归纳拓展] （1）once作从属连词时， 既可以引导时间状语从句， 也可以引导条件状语从句。主句用一般将来时， once引导的从句要用一般现在时表示将来。 （2） once adv. 仅一次；一次；曾， 曾经；（用于否定句、疑问句和if后）曾；根本 once upon a time （常用于儿童故事的开头）从前；很久以前 once again 又一次；再次 once more 又一次；再次 Failure can make a positive contribution to your life once you can make use of it. 一旦你学会了利用失败， 那么失败就能为你的生活带来积极的贡献。 Once broadcast， the TV play will be very popular with young people. 一旦开播， 这部电视剧就会为年轻人所喜欢。 [名师点津] 如果once引导的从句的主语与主句的主语一致， 且从句中的谓语动词含有be动词的某种形式时， 或从句为“it be…”形式时， 从句中的“主语＋be”或“it be”可以省略。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①Once 　performed　（perform）， the works of Beethoven must attract all the people present at the concert. ②　Once　 you fall into a trap， it will not be easy to get out of it. （2）写出下列句子中once的词性及词义 ③Once the damage is done， it will take many years for the farmland to recover.　conj.一旦　 ④There was once a time when he was so crazy about pop songs.　adv.曾经　 ⑤Can we go please Daddy， just once more？　adv.一次　 3. This/That is why…这/那就是为什么…… （教材P20）　That is why　 when the stars are out， they are visible， but when the lights are out， they are invisible. 这就是为什么stars are out（星星出来了）的时候我们能看到星星， 而lights are out（灯灭了）的时候我们却看不到灯光。 [句式剖析] This/That is why…为表语从句的常用句型结构， 意为“这/那就是为什么……”， 用来表示结果。 [归纳拓展] （1）That’s because… 这是因为……（because从句表示原因） （2）The reason why…is/was that… ……的原因是……（表语从句常用that引导， 而不用because） Tom was absent. That was because he was ill. 汤姆旷课了。那是因为他病了。 The reason why Tom came late for the meeting was that he was ill. 汤姆开会迟到的原因是因为他病了。 [活学活用] （1）单句语法填空 ①He had an urgent thing to deal with. That was 　why　 he didn’t attend the meeting. ②He didn’t attend the meeting. That’s 　because　 he had an urgent thing to deal with. （2）一句多译 她很伤心， 那是因为她儿子在一次事故中丧生了。 ③She was very sad.　That’s because　 her son was killed in an accident. ④Her son was killed in an accident.　That’s why　 she was very sad. ⑤　The reason why　 she was very sad 　was that　 her son was killed in an accident. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$