中职英语二轮专项复习 专题十三 从属连词和主从复合句

中职英语二轮专项复习 专题十三 从属连词和主从复合句 考纲解读及考情分析 1.掌握由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which 引导的限制性定语从句的用法; 掌握关系副词when, where, why引导的限制性定语从句的用法。 2.掌握由that, whether 和特殊疑问词引导的主语从句的用法;掌握由 that, whether 和特殊疑问词引导的表语从句的用法； 掌握由 that，if，whether 和特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的用法。 3.掌握由 when, while, as soon as, since, until, till, after, before, once, as 引导的时间状语从句的用法;由 where 引导的地点状语从句的用法;由because, since, as引导的原因状语从句的用法;由sothat, in order that 引导的目的状语从句的用法;由 so……that, such… that 引导的结果状语从句的用法;由 if, unless, as long as 引导的条件状语从句的用法;由as……as, than 引导的比较状语从句的用法。 4.理解由although(though), even though(even if) 引导的让步状语从句的用法; 理解由as引导的方式状语从句的用法。 5.了解非限制性定语从句的用法；了解同位语从句的用法。 真题回顾 考点 近五年真题考查及分值 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 主语从句 1道单选题 (1分) 1 道单选题 (1分) 表语从句 1道单选题 (1分) 宾语从句 1 道单选题 (1分) 2 道单选题(2分) 1道单选题(1分) 1 道单选题 (1分) 状语从句 1道单选题 (1分) 1 道单选题(1分) 1道单选题(1分) 1道单选题 (1分) 2道单选题 (2分) 定语从句 1道单选题 (1分) 2 道单选题(2分) 1 道单选题(1分) 1道单选题(1分)、1道短文填空题(1分) 1 道单选题(1分)、1 道短文填空题(1分) 命题趋势 每年的春考必考主从复合句， 考查的主要形式为单项选择和短文填空两种形式 真题再现 1.【2018·职教高考】—How often do you watch a film — ______ a month. A. Unless B. Until C. Though D. Once 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句应用陈述语序，四个选项都符合。根据答语句意“一个月一次”可知问句是询问频率。 2. 【2018·职教高考】 I have found somewhere to live,I will send you my address.( ) A.when you see B. where you see C. whether you have seen D. how often you see 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查时间状语从句的用法。unless意为“除非;若非”; until意为“直到……为止” ; though意为“虽然,尽管” ; once意为“一旦”。句意：一旦我找到地方住了，我会把我的地址发给你。 3. 【2018·职教高考】The professor, ___is over eighty years old, still carries on his research in the rice fields. ( ) A. which B. who C. that D. whose 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查定语从句的用法。句意：这个教授仍然在稻田里进行他的研究，他80多岁了。分析句子结构可知，定语从句修饰的是Theprofessor, 指人, 从句中缺少的是主语, 又因是非限制性定语从句，故选B。 4. 【2019·职教高考】—Could you tell me ______ for the coming summer vacation? —I’ ll join a summer camp in Xi’ an. ( ) A. what did you do B. what you did C. what will you do D. what you will do 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查宾语从句。A、C两项不是陈述句语序；根据答语可知问句也应该用将来时。 5. 【2019·职教高考】I’ll never forget the day ______I went to Shanghai for the first time.( ) A. when B. where C. why D. that 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词为the day，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用when引导定语从句。 6. 【2019·职教高考】We should do all we can do to protect the environment.( ) A. which B. who C. that D. where 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词。当先行词为anything, everything, nothing, all, none,few, little, some等不定代词时, 关系词只能用that。 7. 【2020·职教高考】 I wonder ______I could recognize him or not after so many years.( ) A. whether . where C. why D. when 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查宾语从句。句意：我想知道这么多年后我是否能认出他。本题的关键词是“or not” 。whether…or not是固定搭配。 8.【2020·职教高考】— What kind of house are you applying for? —I'm looking for a one-bedroom apartment ______ windows face south.( ) A. which B. who C. whose D. that 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词 apartment 和 windows是所属关系。分析句子成分可知，空格处的关系词在定语从句中作定语，表示“……的”，而whose相当于形容词性物主代词的用法。 9.【2020·职教高考】— E-books might be bad for our eyes. —Hmm, they will be helpful ______we make good use of them.( ) A. as long as B. as if C. even though D. so that 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查条件状语从句的用法。aslong as意为 “只要” ; as if意为 “好像” ;eventhough 意为“即使” ; so that意为 “以便”。根据前句及语境可知，答语句意为“只要我们充分利用它们，它们(电子书)会很有帮助。” 10.【2021·职教高考】The reason for his not coming is ______his mother has been ill.( ) A. what B. where C. that D. who 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查表语从句。句意：他没来的原因是他妈妈生病了。本题中that引导表语从句。本题解题的关键在于空格处作is的表语且表语从句中不缺少任何成分。 11.【2021·职教高考】 ______ he said in the speech showed an interesting opinion. ( ) A. What B. Whether C. If D. That 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查主语从句。句意：他在演讲中所说的内容展示了一种有趣的观点。本题中What 引导主语从句，并在从句中充当宾语。 12. 【2021·职教高考】I still remember he park ______we met for the first time. ( ) A. how B. where C. why D. when 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词是the park，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where引导定语从句。 13.【2021·职教高考】We will sit in the front of the hall______ we can hear the speaker clearly.( ) A. so as to B. in order to C. in order that D. such that 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查目的状语从句。分析句子成分可知空格处是连词，主从句表示目的关系, 应用in order that引导目的状语从句。 14.【2022·职教高考】It is reported ______Gao Tingyu set an Olympic record at the Beijing2022 Winter Olympics. ( ) A. whether B. that C. what D. when 【答案】B 【解析】本题考查主语从句。句意：据报道，高亭宇在2022 北京冬奥会上创造了奥林匹克运动会的纪录。It是形式主语，真正的主语是连词引导的从句。从句的内容陈述事实，没有疑问，故用连词that引导从句。that 引导名词性从句时，在从句中不充当任何成分，在从句中也没有含义，只起连接作用。 15. 【2022·职教高考】—Li Ling, could you tell me ______the new T-shirt? —I bought it in a shop on the Internet.( ) A. where did you buy B. where will you buy C. where you bought D. where you will buy 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查宾语从句。一般从三个方面对宾语从句进行考查：连接词；从句语序；从句时态。本题的连词应用where；宾语从句应使用陈述句语序；答语中的动词bought 为 buy 的过去式形式，所以从句应用一般过去时态。 16.【2022·职教高考】Do you know the girl to he is talking? ( ) A. whom B. which C. who D. that 【答案】A 【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：你认识正在和他谈话的女孩吗? the girl是先行词，本可以由选项中的关系代词whom, who 和 that代替。但是句中关系代词前面有一个介词to，这三个词中只有whom的前面可以放介词。 17. 【2022·职教高考】 __ we don’ t have classes tomorrow, why not go out for a picnic?( ) A. Until B. After C. Before D. Since 【答案】D 【解析】本题考查原因状语从句。句意：既然我们明天不上课，为什么不出去野餐呢?主句是一个提建议的句型，从句修饰主句的动词，表达动作发生的原因。until直到……为止; after在……以后; before在······以前; since既然。 18. 【2022·职教高考】My grandparents dance square dances every day bad weather stops them.( ) A. when B. if C. unless D. once 【答案】C 【解析】本题考查条件状语从句。句意：除非坏天气阻挠，我爷爷奶奶每天跳广场舞。when当……时候; if如果; unless 除非; once一旦。 知识讲解 考点一 主语从句 一、 概述 在句子中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句。 二、主语从句主要有四类 (1)连词that 引导的主语从句: 引导词that无含义，在句中不作成分且不可以省略。如： That you will win the medal seems unlikely. That she survived the accident is a miracle. (2) 连词 whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)，在句中不作成分且不可以省略。 【注意】引导主语从句时，不能用if，只能用whether。如: Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. Whether she is coming or not doesn't matter too much. (3)连接代词引导的主语从句 在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which,what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever 引导的名词性从句中，连接代词在句中起名词性作用，担当一定成分。如： What you need is more practice. What I want to know is this. Whatever we do is to serve the people. 【注意】whatever, whoever在主语从句中不含疑问意义。它们引导主语从句， 并在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。whatever = anythingthat; whoever=anyone who。要注意和 whatever, whoever引导的让步状语从句的区别。 (=Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.) Whoever breaks the law, he should be punished.(让步状语从句) (= No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished.) (4) 连接副词when, where, why, how 引导名词性从句：连接副词有含义，在句中作状语。 如: Where we should leave it is a problem. When they will be back depends much on the weather. 三、注意点：it引导的主语从句 由连词that引导的主语从句，在多数情况下放到句子的后面，而用代词it作形式主语。如： That light travels in straight lines is known to all. = It is known to all that light travels in straight lines. When the plane is to take off has not been announced. = It has not been announced when the plane is to take off. 【注意】但当what引导的主语从句表示“……的东西”时，一般不用it作形式主语。如： It is a book what he wants.(×) What he wants is a book.( ) 考点二 表语从句 一、 概述 在句子中起表语作用的从句叫作表语从句，它位于主句中的连系动词之后。 二、表语从句主要有四类 (1) 从属连词that, whether 引导的表语从句 that在表语从句中无词义, 而 whether 有词义, 意为“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题) , trouble(麻烦) , problem(问题), result(结果), chance(可能性), suggestion(建议), idea(想法),reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释 The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use. (2)关系代词引导的表语从句 关 系 代 词 who, what, which, whom,whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever 等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。 The question is which of us should go. The problem was who could do the work. That's what he is worrying about. That's what we should do. (3) 关系副词 when, where, why引导的表语从句 Go and get your coat. It's where you left it. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. That’ s why I got wet through. (4) 连词(词组) because, as if / as though等引导的表语从句 It looked as if it was going to snow. That's because we never thought of it. It seems as if he didn't know the answer. 考点三 宾语从句 一、 概述 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫作宾语从句。 二、语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……) ”句式。 Could you tell me who knows the answer, please? He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class. He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Jinan. 三、连接词 (1)当陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that 无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。 He said that he could finish his work before. I don’ t know if / whether he still lives here after so many years. 但在下列情况下只能用 whether： ①在具有选择意义, 又有 or 或 or not时, 尤其是直接与 or not连用时, 往往用 whether (if……or not 也可以使用)。 Let me know whether / if he will come or not.(= Let me know whether or not he will come.) I don't know whether/ if he does any washing or not. (= I don't know whether or not he does any washing.) I wonder whether we stay or whether we go. ②在介词之后用 whether。 I'm interested in whether he likes English. We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. ③在不定式前用 whether。 He hasn’ t decided whether to visit the old man. I don't know whether to go. He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train. ④whether置于句首时, 不能换用if。 Whether this is true or not, I can't say. ⑤引导主语从句和表语从句时用 whether。 Whether she will come or not is still a question. The question is whether we can catch the bus. ⑥若用if会引起歧义, 则用 whether。如: Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为: a. Please let me know whether you like thebook.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。 b. If you like the book, please let me know. 你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。 (3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。 Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting t hie maenine. 四、时态 含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容： (1)如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如： I don't know when he will come back. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday. (2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态的某一种形式。如： The children didn’ t know who he was. He asked his father how it happened. (3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如： The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. 【注意】if 和 when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和 when 引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如： —Do you know when he will come back tomorrow? ——Sorry, I don't know. When he comes back,I'll tell you. —I don’ t know if he will come. ——He will come if it doesn't rain. 考点四 状语从句 一、 概述 在句中作状语的从句是状语从句，修饰主句中 1. when, while 和 as的用法 (1)when既可引导一个持续性动作，也可引导一个短暂性动作。when强调主从句动作的发生有先后。 When he got there, the classroom hadbeencleaned.(主句动作发生在从句动作之前) He went to play football when he finishedhishomework.(主句的动作发生在从句动作之后) when 可作并列连词, 相当于 just then, atthetime。前一分句多用进行时、be about to 或be onthe point of doing, 表示“正在做………, 就在这时发生了另外一件事”或“当时”。 I was reading when he suddenly came in. I was about to leave when the telephone rang. (2)while强调主句动作发生在从句动作所发生的时间段内，从句的动作必须是延续性动词。 Strike iron while it's still hot. Will you please take care of my house while Iam away? 在这一情况下，从句的动作一定是延续性动词，如果是非延续动词，要用 when。 Will you please take care of my house when Igo away? (3)as引导一个持续性动作，强调主从句的动作同时发生，有“一边……一边……”的意思，也可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况，有“随着………”的意思。 He sang as he walked. As he gets older, he gets more open. 2. as soon as 的用法 as soon as 引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，意为“一……就………” 。 As soon as he heard the news, he jumped with joy. 3. before 和 after的用法 (1) before 意为“在······之前” , 表示主句动 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 (2) after意为“在······之后”, 表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。 You can play computer games after you have finished your homework. 4. until 和 till 的用法 这两个连词意义相同，till 比较口语化，until比较正式。在肯定句中，意为“做某事一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词，这时它们可以互换;在否定句中, not…until…意为“直到……,才……”，谓语动词可用瞬间性动词。 Let's wait until / till the rain stops. Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 5. since 的用法 since意为“自从······以来”, 引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是瞬间性动词。一般情况下，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。 I have been in Beijing since you left. I have known him since I began to live here. 6. once的用法 once意为“一旦⋯⋯就⋯⋯” , 相当于 assoonas. Once you start, you will never give up. Once you begin, you must go on. 三、地点状语从句 地点状语从句通常用来说明主句动作发生的地点和方位。 1.地点状语从句可用 where 引导。地点状语从句可用于主句之前或之后。 Where there is a will, there is a way. 2.注意区分 where 引导的定语从句与状语从句 where 引导的地点状语从句直接修饰动词，而在定语从句中where 作为关系副词要跟在表示地点的先行词后面。 You’ d better make a mark where you have any questions.(状语从句) You’ d better make a mark at the place where you have any questions.(定语从句) 四、原因状语从句since等，每个连词的含义不尽相同。 1. because 用来回答why的提问, 语气最强,一般放在主句之后。 2.since表示既然或已知的理由，稍加分析即可表明的原因，多放在句首。 3. as多用于口语,语气比because和since弱,表示的理由是明显的或被认为是已知的，是对主句的附带说明，重点在主句，可放在句首或主句后，放在主句后时, as可省略。 As it is raining, we shall not go to the park. Since everybody is here, let's begin our meeting. My friends dislike me because I'm handsome and successful. 五、目的状语从句 目的状语从句通常用来说明主句动作发生的目的。引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that, in orderthat等。 so that 与 in order that都意为“以便……,为了……”, 引导的状语从句中需用情态动词; in orderthat 比 so that 正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而 so that 引导的从句只能置于主句之后。 I'll speak slowly so that you can understand me. In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early. 六、结果状语从句 结果状语从句通常用来说明主句动作发生的结果，可由so……that…, such………that……引导。 1. so……that……与 such… that……的用法 (1) so…that……引导的结果状语从句中, so是副词，可修饰形容词或副词，其结构为“so+形容词/副词+that从句”。 Their dog was so fierce that no one dared come near it. (2) such是形容词,修饰名词,其结构如下:such + a /an +形容词+单数可数名词+ that 从句; such +形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that 从句。 This was such a good film that I went to see it several times. They are such clever children that we all like them. It was such bad weather that I had to stay at home. 2.在“形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词”结构中, 当名词前有 many, much, few, little(表示数量的多少)时，名词前用so。 He earns so little money that he can hardly feed his family. She made so many mistakes that she didn't pass the exam. 3.有时 so…that……结构可与 such… that…结构转换。 It's such an interesting film that we all want to see it again. = It's so interesting a film that we all want to see it again. 七、条件状语从句 条件状语从句通常用来说明主句动作发生的条件。常由 if, unless, as long as等引导。if意为“假如, 如果”, unless意为“除非, 如果不(ifnot) ”, as long as意为“只要”。在条件状语从句中，如果主句的时态是将来时，从句需要用一般现在时表示将来。 We will go for a picnic if it is fine tomorrow. You will fail in the exam unless you work hard at your lessons. As long as I am here, I will help you. 八、方式状语从句 方式状语从句表示主句中动作或状态的方式或方法，方式状语从句常由as引导。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。as引导方式状语从句，意为“按照,正如”。 Do as you are told to, or you'll be fired. 九、让步状语从句 让步状语从句常对主句的谓语动词作出一种让步式假设, 常用though / although, even if /eventhough 等引导。 用，但不能和but连用。 Although he worked hard, (yet) he failed. Though Mary is over eighty years old, she can work eight hours a day. 2. even if, even though意为“即使” , 含有一种假设含义。这两个复合连词的意思基本相同，它们常互换使用。 Even though / if he is poor, she loves him. 十、比较状语从句 比较状语从句表达人或事物的属性或特征的不同程度, 常由as……as…, than等引导。 Our classroom is as big as theirs. Jane is taller than her twin sister. 考点五 定语从句 一、 概述 定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词，故又称为形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 二、关系词的用法 关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。关系词指代先行词，放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分(主语、宾语、状语等)。 引导定语从句的关系代词有 that，who，whom, whose, which; 关系副词有when, where,why等。关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下: 1.关系代词的用法 (1) who, whom 的用法 二者都用于指人。who在定语从句中作主语、宾语；whom在定语从句中作宾语。在现代英语里，有时 who 也可代替 whom 在从句中作宾语。作宾语的关系代词 who，whom可以省略(I happened to meet the professor(who /whom)I got to know at a party.(作宾语, whom 可用who 代替) 【注意】whom在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词位于 whom前面时, 不能用 who 代替。 Yesterday I came across a few friends with whomIwent to the park.(句中的whom不能用who代替) (2) whose的用法 whose可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语。 Is she a teacher whose hair is very short? I like the room whose window looks out to the sea. (3) which的用法 which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。作宾语时关系代词 which可以省略(放在介词后时除外)。 The train which has just left is for Shenzhen.(作主语) The story (which) he told was very popular.(作宾语) (4) that 的用法 that 可以指人或物，在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语。作宾语或表语时可省略。作介词宾语时，介词不可以提到that之前，若介词提前，指物用which, 指人用 whom。 E-mail English is a new kind of written English that / which is being used to save time.(作主语,指物) Jack is no longer the person (that /who/whom) Imet five years ago.(作宾语, 指人) There's the book (that / which) you are looking for.(作宾语, 指物) 2.关系副词的用法 关系副词在定语从句中充当状语，一般不可省略。 (1) when的用法 when指时间，在从句中作时间状语 I'll never forget the day when I won the prize. Do you remember the year when she went abroad? I still remember the time when I travelled by plane. (2) where 的用法 where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。先行词通常为 village, room, building, town, country等表地点的名词。 This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. Keep the books in a place where you. can find them easily. The building where we are working was built five years ago. (3) why的用法 why指原因或理由，在定语从句中作原因状语，先行词通常为reason。 Tell me the reason why she was late. I don't want to listen to any reason why you were absent. 三、定语从句的注意事项 1.先行词指物, 关系词只能用that, 不能用which的情况 (1) 当先行词为 anything, everything, nothing, all,none, few, little, some等不定代词时, 关系词只能使用that。 Is there anything that I can do for you? All that can be done has been done. (2) 当先行词由every, any, all, some, no,little, few, much等代词修饰时, 关系词只能使用that。 I want to read all the books that were written by MoYan. There is little work that is fit for you. (3)当先行词被形容词最高级和序数词修饰时，关系词只能使用 that。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. The first thing that I do is to clean my bedroom. He is the only person that can help you out. This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. (5)当先行词中同时含有人和物时，关系词只能使用 that。 They talked about things and persons that they remembered in the school. 2.关系词只能用 which, who, whom, 不能用that的情况 (1)非限制性定语从句中，用who(主语)、whom(宾语) 代表人; 用 which 代表物。 The house, which we bought last month, is very nice. (2)介词提至关系代词前，先行词指物时，用“介词+ which”; 指人时, 则用“介词+whom” This is the house in which Tom once lived. Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? 3.定语从句中的时态：定语从句中的时态一般不受主句影响，主要根据具体的语境和意义而定。 The professor who visited our school yesterday is from Canada. The professor who is visiting our school now is from Canada. The professor who will visit our school tomorrow is from Canada. 4.先行词是 way 的定语从句 当先行词是way(表示“方式，方法”)时，定语从句用 that 或in which 引导, that 和 inwhich 可以省略。 I don’ t like the way (that / in which) he speaks to his mother. 跟踪训练 1. He took a trip to Beijing last week and he saw at theForbidden City impressed him deeply. ( ) A. that B. what C. how D. which 2. you don’ t like him is none of my business. ( ) A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 3. is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. ( ) A. Which B. What C. It D. As 4. You have spent too much time playing com-puter games. That's your eyes hurt.( ) A. why B. how C. what D. when 5.—I feel sick! —I think it is you are working too much. ( ) A. why B. when C. what D. because 6. Pay no attention to those who laugh at you. What matters most is you see yourself.( ) A. what B. when C. how D. which 7. Most students like the teachers understand them well.( ) A. which B. who C. where D. when 8. The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.( ) A. who B. that C. what D. they 9. Yesterday Li Ming went to the village his family lived ten years ago. ( ) A. when B. which C. where D. that 10. You will never guess . ( ) A. who am I waiting for B. what has happened C. how can she help me D. where did I go 11.— Hi, Tom. Could you tell me ? —I'll go there next Sunday. ( ) A. how you will go to Weihai Park B. when you will go to Weihai Park C. how will you go to Weihai Park D. when will you go to Weihai Park 12.— Mom, do you know an engineer. — That’ s interesting. I guess you often fix things for others in your school. ( ) A. what do my classmates call me B. what my classmates call me C. why do my classmates call me D. why my classmates call me 13. You won’ t succeed you work hard. ( ) A. if B. because C. unless D. so that 14. The bell rang the teacher was explaining the experiment to the students.( ) A. until B. before C. while D. after 15.— the workers are very tired, they keep on working. —They are great. We must learn from them.( ) A. Because;/ B. Though;/ C. Because;so D. Though; but 16.—Hi, Bruce. Here is a letter for you. —Thanks. I wonder . ( ) A. who was the letter from B. who was from the letter C. who the letter is from D. who the letter was from 17.— Jane, could you tell me the beautiful kite? — Oh, I bought it in a shop near the park.( ) A. where you bought B. where will you buy C. where did you buy D. where you will buy 18.— The light in David’ s room is still on. Do you know ? ( ) —Maybe at 12 o’clock again. A. what he is doing B. why he stays up so late C. if he is busy studying D. when he will stop working 19. surprised me most was the girl passed the driving test.( ) A. That; that B. What; which C. What; that D. That; why 20. has been proved is that animals and insects have their own languages. ( ) A. What B. As C. It D. That 21. will be in charge of the meeting has not been decided yet.( ) A. What B. Which C. That D. Who 22.—The novel seems a little boring. — You won’ t enjoy it you put your heart into it. ( ) A. when B. if C. after D. unless 23. He made a mistake, but then he took action to change the situation it got worse.( ) A. until B. when C. before D. because 24. The teenagers like the musician different kinds of music. ( ) A. who play B. which plays C. who plays D. that play 25. Do you have books about famous scientists are suitable for children to read? ( ) A. what B. which C. who D. whom 专题十三 从属连词和主从复合句答案详解 跟踪训练 1. B【解析】考查what 引导的主语从句。句意:上周他到北京旅行了，他在故宫所看到的给他留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结构可知，连词 and后为一个名词性从句， 空处作saw的宾语， 因此应该使用what引导, 且what在从句中作主语。故选B。 2. C【解析】考查that 引导的主语从句。句意:你不喜欢他, 跟我没有什么关系。…you don’t likehim为主语从句，其内容已经是完整的， 所以用that, 且引导主语从句的that 不能省略。故选C。 3. C【解析】考查it构成的主语从句。句意：医疗保健的进步将带来一个更强大、更繁荣的经济，这是我们的信念。that 引导的是主语从句，故空格处应该用it作形式主语，代替真正的that引导的主语从句。故选 C。 4.A【解析】考查表语从句。 句意：你已经花了太多的时间玩电脑游戏。那就是为什么你眼睛疼。why为什么, why your eyes hurt作is的表语; how怎样;what什么; when什么时候。故选 A。 5.D【解析】考查表语从句。句意：——我感觉不舒服！——我认为这是因为你一直工作得太多。A项，为什么；B项，什么时候；C项，什么；D项，因为。 “工作得太多”是“不舒服” 的原因, 所以用because 连接。故选D。 6.C【解析】考查表语从句。句意：不要在意那些嘲笑你的人。最重要的是你如何看待你自己。A项, 什么;B项,当……时候;C项,怎样;D项,哪一个。根据句意可知选C。 7.B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：绝大多数的学生都喜欢能够很好地理解他们的老师。先行词是the teachers, 先行词在从句中作主语, 因此引导词用who。故选B。 8.B【解析】考查定语从句。 句意：老镇有狭窄的街道， 小房子建得彼此相近。先行词为smallhouses, 在定语从句中作主语, 故用关系代词that。故选 B。 9.C【解析】考查定语从句。句意： 昨天李明去了他家10年前住的村子。定语从句修饰的先行词是the village, 关系词在定语从句中作状语, 故 where符合题意。故选C。 10.B【解析】考查宾语从句。 句意：你永远不会猜到发生了什么事。宾语从句用陈述句语序，故选项A、 C、D错。故选B。 11. B【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：——你好，汤姆。你能告诉我你什么时候去威海公园吗?——我下星期天要去那里。此处是宾语从句， 需用陈述语序，排除C、D选项；根据答语“I’ll go there nextSunday.”可知, 对时间进行提问,故选B。 12. B【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：——妈妈，你知道我的同学叫我什么吗?一名工程师。——这很有趣。我猜你经常在学校帮别人修东西。此处是宾语从句， 需用陈述语序，排除A、C项; 根据“Anengineer.”可知, 是“叫我什么” ,用 what。故选B。 13.C【解析】考查状语从句。句意：你不会成功的，除非你努力工作。if如果； because因为，引导原因状语从句; unless如果不,除非; so that为的是,引导目的状语从句。根据句意可知，这里表示“除非你努力工作”, 故选C。 14.C【解析】考查状语从句。句意：老师正向学生们解释这个实验时，下课铃声响了。until直到；before在······之前; while当······时候, after在······之后。此处表示当老师正讲解实验时，铃声响了，故用连词while, 故选 C。 15. B【解析】考查状语从句。 句意：——尽管工人们很累了，但他们仍然继续工作。——他们太伟大了。我们应该向他们学习。though 用于表示转折关系，不能与but 同时使用。故选B。 16. C【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:——嗨,布鲁斯。这是给你的一封信。——谢谢。我想知道这封信是谁寄来的。主句是一般现在时，从句需用一般现在时， 可排除D项。故选C。 17. A【解析】考查宾语从句。句意: ——简, 你能告诉我你在哪里买的这个漂亮的风筝吗?——哦，我在公园附近的一个商店买的。根据宾语从句的语序是陈述语序可排除B和C项； 由答句中的I bought可知，应该用的是一般过去时。故选A。 18. D【解析】考查宾语从句。 句意：——戴维房间里的灯还亮着。你知道他什么时候会停止工作吗?——也许还得12点吧。根据答语“Maybe at 12o’clock again.” 可知问的是时间，故选 D。 19. C 【解析】考查 what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句。句意：最让我吃惊的是那个女孩通过了驾驶考试。…… surprised me most是一个主语从句,从句中缺少主语, 故填what;…… the girl passedthedriving test是一个表语从句, 句中不缺少成分, 故填that。故选 C。 20. A【解析】考查 what引导的主语从句。句意:已证明动物和昆虫有自己的语言。根据is判断，此处为主语从句，该从句缺少主语， 用 what。故选A。 21. D【解析】考查 who引导的主语从句。句意:谁将负责这次会议还没有决定。……will be in chargeofthe meeting是一个主语从句, 从句中缺少主语, 指人。故选D。 22. D【解析】考查 unless引导的条件状语从句。句意：——这部小说似乎有点儿无聊。——如果你不用心读的话，你不会享受到这本书。when当……的时候； if如果；after在······之后; unless如果不,除非。故选 D。 23. C【解析】考查 before引导的时间状语从句。句意：他犯了一个错误，但他在情况变得更糟前采取了行动改变现状。until 直到; when 当……时;before在······之前; because 因为。故选C。 24.C【解析】考查定语从句。 句意：青少年喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。the musician 是先行词，后面跟的是定语从句。先行词 musician 指人, 用 who 或 that 引出定语从句, B 项错; 关系词在定语从句中作主语，定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致。musician是单数, 谓语用单数 plays。故选C。 25.B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你有关于著名科学家的适合小孩子读的书吗?定语从句中不用what; which指物, 在从句中作主语和宾语; who指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；whom指人，在从句中作宾语。根据句意可知，先行词为 books指物，在从句中作主语。故选B。 $$