精品解析：2024届新疆维吾尔自治区高三普通高考第三次适应性检测考试英语试题

新疆维吾尔自治区2024年普通高考第三次适应性检测 英语 (卷面分值：150分 考试时间：120分钟) 注意事项： 1．本试卷共12页。答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。 2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。 3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man say about the apple pie? A. There is no more left. B. It’s incredibly delicious. C. It doesn’t appeal to him. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Would you like to try the apple pie? It’s incredible. M: Well, to tell the truth, I don’t care much for dessert. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did the man get up? A. At 7:15. B. At 7:30. C. 8:45. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: It’s already a quarter to eight. Shall we go to have breakfast? M: Okay, I got about thirty minutes ago. I’m a little hungry now. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Teacher and student. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: I can’t believe this is the last year of our college life. How time flies! M: Yeah, we would have to face the real world soon. Have you considered what you are going to do after you graduate? 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What did Linda do yesterday afternoon? A. Bought some books. B. Studied in the library. C. Attended a history class. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hi, Linda, where were you yesterday afternoon? W: In the library, I had got a history paper and needed to do some reading. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where do the two speakers plan to make an advertisement? A. On TV. B. On a website. C. On a newspaper. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: How about making an advertisement on the column for our dog online? M: That’s a good idea, but we should first upload a picture of it at least some detailed information. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A In a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. At a house agency. 7. How much should the man pay for his stay? A. 60 dollars. B. 180 dollars. C. 210 dollars. 【答案】6. A 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Can I help you sir? M: Yes, please. I like to book a room for three nights from July sixteenth to July eighteenth. W: A single room or a double room? M: What does it cost? W: Sixty dollars for a single room a day and seventy dollars for a double room a day. M: I want a single room with a shower. W: Every room has a shower in the TV. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What will the man probably do for Mid-Autumn Festival this year? A. Take a trip. B. Participate in a race. C. Have a barbecue. 9. What will the man bring to the woman’s house? A. Beef and shrimps. B. Fruits and vegetables. C. Fruits and wine. 10. How does the man feel about the woman’s invitation? A. Pleased. B. Surprised. C. Indifferent. 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【原文】M: What will your family do for a mid-autumn festival this year? W: We haven’t made any plans yet. We usually like to stay home. What are you doing? M: We usually like to take a little trip. But this year we thought we could stay home too. W: Why don’t you come over with your family? We will have a barbecue. M: That sounds like fun. My children really enjoy playing with your kids. Can we bring something? W: We will just have a regular picnic beef, shrimps and some vegetables. M: We will bring some fruits and a bottle of wine W: Very nice. There are having games and races for the young children at the park in the morning. Would you like to go with us? M: That would be nice. It will be enjoyable to share it with your family. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What will the woman do this afternoon? A. Clean her room. B. Buy some presents. C. Do some volunteer work. 12. What does the woman usually do in the kids’ dormitories? A. Read stories. B. Do some cleaning. C. Do some arts and crafts. 13. How often does the woman go to the Children’s Welfare Home during the holiday? A. Once a month. B. Twice a month. C. Three times a month. 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Harry, what about going to see a film this afternoon? W: I’d like to, but I can’t make it. I’m involved with an activity. We will go to the children’s welfare home. M: Oh, what do you usually do there? W: We usually do some volunteer work: accompany the key and give them some present. M: Do you have enough time to talk to them? W: Yes, we talk to them and read it stories and help them do some arts and crafts. M: Do you usually go to their dormitory? W: Yes, we help them clean their rooms. M: Oh, you are great. By the way, how often do you go there? W: We usually go there once a month and during the holidays twice a month. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. When to begin their work. B. When to visit their parents. C. When to have dinner together. 15. What does the woman usually do on Thursday evening? A. She is busy with her work. B. She has got nothing to do. C. She goes to dance practice. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A Customer and waitress. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student. 【答案】14. C 15. A 16. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Hey, Linda, I’ve got an idea. I want our family to have dinner together in a restaurant once a week. W: Oh, really, why? M: Well, you know that we are so busy and we are always in a hurry. It is a long time we have had dinner in a restaurant together. W: Okay, why not? When do you want to do it? M: When are you free? W: On Saturday and Sunday, we visit our parents. I usually work late on Tuesday and Thursday. M: Okay, what about Tom and Rose? W: Well, Tom goes to volleyball practice on Monday and Thursday. Rose got to dance practice twice a week on Monday and Friday. M: Okay. So that means Wednesday everyone’s free then. W: Right. Let’s have a dinner together in a restaurant this Wednesday. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What do Mr and Mrs Green usually do in the evening? A. Stay at home. B. Go out for a walk. C. Run along the road. 18. What did they do last Saturday? A They did what they usually do. B. They worked in their own garden. C. They went to the cinema to see a film. 19. What did they see on their way home? A. They saw nobody in the street. B. They saw two persons running on the road. C. They saw some cars coming and going very fast. 20. Who will probably do the dishes washing? A. The man who was running behind. B. The woman who was running in front. C. The man and the woman who were running. 【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【原文】W: Mr and Mrs Green often stayed at home and watched TV after supper. They seldom go out in the evening. Sometimes they take a walk in a garden. But last the Saturday MRS green said to her husband. I was told that a good film was showing at a peace cinema tonight. Shall we go to see a film. Mr Green was quite happy about it saying. I’d like to have a change so they went to the cinema. The film was quite interesting. Both of them enjoyed a film very much. And they had a good time. When they went out of the cinema it was already eleven o’clock it was dark. There were few cars on the road. They could hardly see anyone pass by. Suddenly Mrs Green saw a woman running fast with a man following her. She said to her husband. Look a woman is running along the road very fast and a man is running after her can you see them. Mister green answered yes I can he drove the car slowly near the woman and said to her. Can we help you no thank you replied the woman but she did not stop running and saying my husband and I always run home after going to the cinema. And the last one back has to wash dishes at home. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Yin Ruins Museum is made up of buildings that stand in a park-like setting in Anyang, Henan Province. The park marks the location of Yin Xu, the ancient capital of the Shang Dynasty. The museum’s buildings have been given the appearance of ancient structures. That makes them fit in tastefully with the surrounding landscape and provides a suitable setting for the cultural relies it displays. These were all unearthed through archaeological digs at the site itself as far back as the 1920s. Exploration is still ongoing and new archaeological treasures are periodically discovered. The buried relics of Yin Xu form the biggest archaeological site in all of China. Yin Xu once covered an area of about 24 square kilometers and was divided into several different districts, including a palace district, a civil residence district, a workshop district and a tomb district. Many of the cultural relics that were unearthed during archaeological digs such as bronzes, carved jade objects, pottery, lacquerware and oracle bones are now on display at the museum. A four-legged bronze cauldron (大锅) that was discovered at the site in 1939 is perhaps the single most famous relic that was unearthed from Yin Xu. It was at first known as the Simuwu Ding but is now known as the Houmuwu Ding. It is now on display at the National Museum of China in Beijing but you can see a replica (复制品) of it at Yin Ruins Museum. Most people that have heard of Yin Xu across the world, however, connect the site with the discovery of the oracle bones with mysterious ancient inscriptions on them. It is believed that farmers in the area had periodically discovered such bones as far back as the Han Dynasty. 21. What is the purpose of giving the museum’s buildings the appearance of ancient structures? A. To attract more tourists. B. To be in harmony with the surroundings. C. To make the cultural relics look more valuable. D. To provide a suitable setting for archaeological digs. 22. What is the single most famous relic unearthed from Yin Xu? A. A bronze cauldron. B. A carved jade object. C. An ancient pottery. D. An oracle bone. 23. When were oracle bones with ancient words first discovered? A. During the Shang Dynasty. B. During the Han Dynasty. C. In the 1920s. D. In the 1930s. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了位于河南省安阳市殷墟博物馆，包含其地理位置、建筑特色、遗址区域分布及展出的文物。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The museum’s buildings have been given the appearance of ancient structures. That makes them blend in tastefully with the surrounding landscape and provides a suitable setting for the cultural relies it displays.”（博物馆的建筑被赋予了古代建筑的外观。这使它们与周围的景观融为一体，并为其展示的文化依赖提供了合适的环境。）可知博物馆的建筑被赋予了古代结构的外观，使其与周围的景观相融合，为展示文物提供了合适的环境，故选B。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“A four-legged bronze cauldron(大锅)that was discovered at the site in 1939 is perhaps the single most famous relic that was unearthed from Yin Xu”（1939年在殷墟遗址发现的一只四足青铜鼎，可能是殷墟出土的最著名的文物。”）可知四足青铜鼎可能是从殷墟出土的最著名的文物，故选A。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“It is believed that farmers in the area had periodically discovered such bones as far back as the Han Dynasty”（据信，早在汉代，该地区的农民就会定期发现这样的骨头）可知这些带有神秘古代文字的骨头早在汉代就被发现。故选B。 B A few inspiring clues kept the rescuers going: the remains of fruit with bitemarks made by small human teeth, a pair of scissors and nappies (尿布) in the rainforest mud. All offered hope that four children, who come from the Huitoto Indigenous tribe, had miraculously survived a plane crash on May I in southern Colombia. The oldest of them was 13 and the youngest was only 11 months old. They were alive with tigers, poisonous snakes, storms and other threats under the dense green canopy of trees and vegetation. The remains of the Cessna light aircraft were found two weeks later, with the bodies of three adults still inside. But there was no sign of the children. A long search through the forest began. Helicopters hovered over the area around the crash, broadcasting message s from the children’s grandmother, telling them they hadn’t been forgotten, urging them to stay in one place, and dropping packets of food that may have helped them survive. “This isn’t a search for a needle in a haystack (干草堆), but a tiny flea (跳蚤) in a vast carpet, as they keep moving,” the captain of the search team told Colombian journalists. “Their bodies haven’t appeared, and I’m sure that we would have already found them if they were dead.” Then on a Friday in June, army radios sounded. “Miracle, miracle, miracle, miracle”. It was the army code for a child found alive; repeated four times meant all four had survived. Although malnourished, and covered in insect bites, none were in a serious condition. The military posted pictures of a group of soldiers and volunteers posing with the children, who were wrapped in blankets. The education of survival skills the children got from their grandmother, a respected elder in the Araracuara indigenous territory, was almost certainly vital to their survival. “They’ve given us an example of total survival that will go down in history,” said Colombia’s president, Gustavo Petro, calling it “a joy for the whole country”. 24. How many people were on board the plane that crashed? A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7. 25. Why did it take about one month to find the children? A. There was no timely rescue. B. They were constantly in motion. C. The accident left them badly injured. D. Wild animals became a great threat for the search. 26. What’s the captain’s attitude towards the children’s survival? A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Subjective. D. Concerned. 27. What is the key contributor to the children’s survival? A. The pictures taken by the soldiers. B. The messages sent by the army. C. The tips from their grandmother. D. The encouragement of the president. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一架飞机在丛林中失事后，对四个幸存的孩子的搜救过程及他们能幸存的原因。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句中的“All offered hope that four children, who come from the Huitoto Indigenous tribe, had miraculously survived a plane crash on May I in southern Colombia.”(所有这些都给来自Huitoto土著部落的四个孩子带来了希望，他们在5月1日哥伦比亚南部的一次飞机失事中奇迹般地活了下来。)以及第二段第一句中的“The remains of the Cessna light aircraft were found two weeks later, with the bodies of three adults still inside.”(两周后，塞斯纳轻型飞机的残骸被发现，机内仍有三具成人尸体。)可知，飞机上有四个幸存的孩子并且飞机上还有三个遇难的大人，所以，乘坐飞机的共有七人。故选D项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段搜救队的队长所说的“This isn’t a search for a needle in a haystack, but a tiny flea in a vast carpet, as they keep moving,”（搜索队队长告诉哥伦比亚记者：“这不是大海捞针，而是在巨大的地毯上寻找一只小跳蚤。”。）可知，之所以花了一月之久才找着这些孩子，是因为他们在丛林中不断的移动。故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段搜救队队长所说的““Their bodies haven’t appeared, and I’m sure that we would have already found them if they were dead.””（“他们的尸体还没有出现，我相信如果他们死了，我们早就找到了。”）可知，队长对这些孩子的幸存持有乐观态度。故选A项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第五段的最后一句“The education of survival skills the children got from their grandmother, a respected elder in the Araracuara indigenous territory, was almost certainly vital to their survival.”（孩子们从祖母那里获得的生存技能教育，几乎可以肯定对他们的生存至关重要。）可知，孩子们的祖母对孩子们生存技能的教育对他们的幸存起到了至关重要的作用。故选C项。 C Human history is full of horse stories. Cowboys told epic tales of trusty horses guiding them home on dark, foggy nights. Legendary horses transported wounded soldiers through battle zones. Such horses were intelligent and highly trained. And they made Eakta Jain think of robots. In fact, horses have become her muse for autonomous robots. For a horse that can take a rider home on its own, “you can trust it with your life,” says Jain, a computer scientist and roboticist. Jain was drawn to learning how that trust develops. She wondered if it could help improve human-robot interactions. She was especially interested in how such relationships form. For a year, Jain immersed herself in the horse world. She watched classes in horse training at her university. She also talked with students, instructors, trainers and horse owners. Horses learn cues from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with people. People, too, must learn their part. Riders must learn what cues to use to direct horses to perform in desired ways or to correct an animal when it doesn’t do what was expected. Jain found some similarities, here, to working with robots. People must learn how to direct robots to do specific tasks. They also must learn what to do when robots don’t perform as planned. Jain’s goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people. But like many horses, autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change. For example, a self-driving car must stop to avoid hitting something — even if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going. In human-horse partnerships, horses mostly communicate through actions, not sounds. For instance, their ears tend to point toward whatever they’re paying attention to. “Perhaps the same unspoken expressions used in human-horse communications can be used to communicate that the robot respects a human,” Jain says. That might build a sense of trust. It might also make someone more open to working with a robot. What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other? For now, she adds, this is largely uncharted territory. But she’s looking to build a path. 28. What inspired Eakta Jain to explore the relationship between horses and robots? A. The intelligence and training of legendary horses. B. The need to improve human-robot interactions. C. The trust between horses and humans. D. The widely-spread cowboy stories. 29. What similarity do horses and robots share? A. Both require verbal commands. B. Both learn how to interact with people. C. Both are directed to perform specific tasks. D. Both are able to respond on their own accordingly. 30. What impact can the communication between robots and humans have? A. Leading to a more efficient transport system. B. Getting rid of the need for human involvement. C. Revolutionizing the field of computer science. D. Enhancing trust and cooperation between them. 31. What is the best title for the text? A. The Similarities Between Horses and Robots B. Learn from Horses to Improve Robot Partnerships C. The Uncharted Territory of Human-Robot Interactions D. Understand Communication in Human-Horse-Robot Relationships 【答案】28. C 29. C 30. D 31. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。计算机科学家和机器人技术专家Jain根据马与人类建立起来的信任关系联想到研发自主机器人，并以此帮助改进人与机器人之间的互动。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“For a horse that can take a rider home on its own, you can trust it with your life. Jain was drawn to learning how that trust develops. She wondered if it could help improve human-robot interactions.(对于能够自行带骑手回家的马来说，你可以用生命来信任它。Jain被这种信任是如何建立的吸引住了。她想知道这是否可以帮助改进人与机器人之间的互动)”可知，是人与马之间的信任激发了Jains去思考人与机器人之间的关系。故选C。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Horses learn cues from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with people.(马从训练师那里学会如何与人进行舒适互动的信号)”及第四段“People must learn how to direct robots to do specific tasks.(人们必须学会如何指导机器人执行特定任务)”可知，马与机器人都是根据指令来完成具体的任务。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““Perhaps the same unspoken expressions used in human-horse communications can be used to communicate that the robot respects a human,” Jain says. That might build a sense of trust. It might also make someone more open to working with a robot. (Jain说：“也许在人和马的交流中使用的同样的无言的表达可以用来传达机器人尊重人类的信息。”这可能会建立一种信任感。它还可能使人们更愿意与机器人合作)”可推知，人机交流可以使他们之间增强信任及促进合作。故选D。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Such horses were intelligent and highly trained. And they made Eakta Jain think of robots. In fact, horses have become her muse for autonomous robots.(这些马很聪明，训练有素。他们让Eakta Jain想到了机器人。事实上，马已经成为她设计自主机器人的灵感来源)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了通过根据人马之间的信任及马与机器人之间的共性继而探讨人机信任的建立及人机的合作关系。由此可知，“Learn from Horses to Improve Robot Partnerships(向马学习，改善与机器人的合作关系)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。 D Some ultra-processed foods increase the risk of developing cancer, heart disease and diabetes, but others are good for you, new research suggests. A major new international study has found that regular consumption of meat products, such as sausages and sugary drinks make it more likely that someone will get those diseases. But bread and cereals actually reduce someone’s risk of them, because they contain fibre despite also being ultra-processed foods (UPF), the same researchers also concluded in findings published in The Lancet. Similarly, sauces, spreads and condiments are also bad for human health, but not as much as animal products and soft drinks. However, several other major types of UPF previously seen as harmful: sweets and desserts, ready meals, savoury snacks and plant-based alternatives to meat products also got the all-clear. They are “not associated with risk of multi-morbidity (多重病症)”, said the authors. Experts said the findings showed that regarding all UPF products as bad for health is unwise and unwarranted. Like several other recent research projects, the new study did conclude that UPF harms human health and makes it more likely that someone who consumes a lot of it would suffer a potentially fatal event, such as a heart attack or stroke. However, it also gives a more detailed picture of exactly which UPF products do and do not heighten that risk. The authors said, “We found that higher consumption of UPF was associated with a higher risk of multi-morbidity of cancer and cardio-metabolic diseases.” People keen to lower their risk should replace some but not all UPF in their diet with “similar but less processed foods for the prevention of cancer and cardio-metabolic multi-morbidity” or follow the Mediterranean diet. Multi-morbidity is when someone has at least two life-shortening diseases at the same time, such as cancer and heart disease. Heinz Freisling, a co-author of the paper and expert at the World Health Organization said, “Our study emphasises that it is not necessary to completely avoid ultra-processed foods; rather, their consumption should be limited, and preference be given to fresh or minimally processed foods.” 32. What ultra-processed foods did the researchers find to be good for health according to the new research? A. Bread and cereals. B. Sweets and desserts. C. Sausages and sugary drinks. D. Sauces, spreads, and condiments. 33. What does the underlined word “unwarranted” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Illegal. B. Unavoidable. C. Misleading. D. Unreasonable. 34. What can be inferred about the Mediterranean diet from the text? A. It consists of less processed foods. B. It encourages the consumption of UPF. C. It increases the risk of developing multi-morbidity. D. It proves effective in treating cancer and heart disease. 35. Why did the researchers conduct the new study on ultra-processed foods? A. To warn people of the danger of eating UPF. B. To promote the consumption of processed foods. C. To deepen the insight into ultra-processed foods. D. To encourage people to follow a Mediterranean diet. 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章根据研究发现说明超加工食品并非全都有害健康。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“But bread and cereals actually reduce someone’s risk of them, because they contain fibre despite also being ultra-processed foods (UPF), the same researchers also concluded in findings published in The Lancet.(尽管面包和谷物也是超加工食品，但它们实际上可以降低人们患这些疾病的风险，因为它们含有纤维)”可知，研究者们发现面包和谷物对健康有益。故选A。 【33题详解】 猜测词义题。根据划线词上文“Experts said the findings showed that regarding all UPF products as bad for health is unwise(专家指出，这些研究结果显示,认为所有超加工食品都有害健康是不明智的)”可知，专家指出，这些研究结果显示，认为所有超加工食品都有害健康是不明智的，也是不合理的。由此可知，划线词与unreasonable“不合理的”意思一致。故选D。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“People keen to lower their risk should replace some but not all UPF in their diet with “similar but less processed foods for the prevention of cancer and cardio-metabolic multi-morbidity” or follow the Mediterranean diet.(希望降低风险的人应该用“类似但加工程度较低的食品”替代饮食中的部分但不是所有的超加工食品，以预防癌症和心脏代谢多发病，或者遵循地中海饮食)”可推知，地中海饮食包含的是加工程度较低的食品。故选A。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Our study emphasises that it is not necessary to completely avoid ultra-processed foods; rather, their consumption should be limited, and preference be given to fresh or minimally processed foods.(我们的研究强调，没有必要完全避免超加工食品；相反，它们的消费应该受到限制，并优先考虑新鲜或最低限度加工的食品)”可推知，研究人员要对超加工食品进行这项新研究是为了加深对超加工食品的了解。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Something You Should Know About Balance Exercises You need balance to perform just about any task, from walking, standing, sitting down in your chair, to every workout. Good balance helps prevent falls and therefore injuries, and simply makes daily activities easier and safer to perform. How steady you are on your feet can indicate how likely you are to live a longer, healthy life. ____36____, you should take some balance exercises. Don’t wait until it’s too late. ·What exercises should you take? ____37____. Other things that work your balance slightly differently, but again are really good, are ball games. It can be anything involving hand-eye coordination, such as tennis or table tennis. ·How often should you perform balance exercises? Balance exercises are often low-impact, controlled movements, so there’s not really any risk of over-training. Older adults who are at risk of falls should try to do balance training at least three times a week to reduce risk. ____38____. ·____39____? Training your balance three to six times each week should start to show results in 11 to 12 weeks. So, if you perform these exercises multiple times a week, you should see improvements in your balance in as few as three months. ·How long should you hold balance exercise positions? The key to successful balance exercises is control and form. Move slowly with intention, focusing on bracing your core (稳住重心). ____40____. For the movements that require a hold, try to hang on for at least 30 seconds, increasing each week as you improve. A. What effects can balance exercises have on life B. If you’d like to maintain quality of life and avoid pain C. When the balance system as a whole starts to get worn D. How long does it take to see results from balance exercises E. Moving quickly will actually be less effective for these exercises F. Young adults can do balance exercises every day or as often as they like G. Pilates, dance and t’ai chi are all good exercises to maintain good balance 【答案】36. B 37. G 38. F 39. D 40. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了有关平衡练习的相关知识。 【36题详解】 根据空前“How steady you are on your feet can indicate how likely you are to live a longer, healthy life.(你的脚有多稳可以表明你有多可能健康长寿。)”和空后“you should take some balance exercises. (你应该做一些平衡练习。)”可知，空前提到脚有多稳就意味着能有多健康长寿，空后提出建议，应该做一些平衡练习，故B项“如果你想要维持生活质量且避免疼痛”符合，如果你想要维持生活质量，避免疼痛，那么你就应该做一些平衡练习，故选B项。 【37题详解】 根据空前“What exercises should you take?(你应该做什么运动呢？)”可知，空前提出问题，故此处回答问题，做什么运动能练习平衡，故G项“普拉提、舞蹈和太极都是保持平衡感的好的运动”符合，回答空前的问题，故选G项。 【38题详解】 根据空前“Older adults who are at risk of falls should try to do balance training at least three times a week to reduce risk.(年龄稍微大一点的容易摔倒的人应该每周至少练习三次平衡训练来减少风险。)”可知，空前提到了稍微大一点的人进行平衡训练的频率，故F项“青年可以每天练习，你喜欢多久一次就多久一次”符合，空前说明老年人进行平衡练习的锻炼频率，此空则说明青年人进行平衡练习的锻炼频率，故选F项。 【39题详解】 根据空后内容“Training your balance three to six times each week should start to show results in 11 to 12 weeks.(每周进行平衡训练六次就能在11到12周后看到成果。)”可知，此段讲的是多久能看到训练的效果，故D项“多久能看到平衡训练的效果呢？”符合，作为本段小标题，总结概括本段内容，故选D项。 【40题详解】 根据空前“The key to successful balance exercises is control and form. Move slowly with intention, focusing on bracing your core (稳住重心).(成功的平衡练习的关键就是控制和形式。有意图地慢慢移动，专注于稳住重心。)”可知，空前介绍了平衡练习的关键就在于稳，故E项“快速移动实际上带来的效果不佳”符合，成功的关键在于稳，慢慢移动，专注于稳住重心，移动得太快带来的效果却不佳，故选E项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Volunteer Ruth, a member of Porthcawl lifeboat station shore crew in South Wales, enjoyed a short period on the boats. On her first “shout”, she helped to ____41____ a fisherman’s life. But sea sickness and “all that kneeling down and bouncing up and down on the ____42____” soon made it clear to her that the role didn’t suit her mid-life body. The warm welcome Ruth received from fellow volunteers, ____43____, meant she didn’t want to ____44____ at all. “As soon as I joined, it was fantastic. I spent eight years in the Army and there was a(n)____45____ feel about the work: the ____46____ and everybody supporting each other,” she says. So she ____47____ Porthcawl lifeboat station shore crew to take joint responsibility for making sure that lifeboats are launched ____48____. Twice a week Ruth attends training sessions, ____49____ new skills, and she carries a pager(寻呼机). Whenever it goes off, she _____50_____ to the station two minutes away from her home and helps get the boat ready for launch while other _____51_____ get changed to board it. When they return, she’s waiting to _____52_____ them to solve any problems they may have experienced. “The _____53_____ and bond that are made between people from all different age groups and walks of life are _____54_____. Even though I give my _____55_____, what I get back is so much more,” she adds. 41. A. change B. dedicate C. save D. rebuild 42. A. sands B. shore C. waves D. land 43. A. therefore B. instead C. besides D. though 44. A. quit B. guide C. share D. follow 45. A. empty B. similar C. awful D. natural 46. A. teamwork B. flexibility C. creativity D. glory 47. A. chose B. paid C. rejected D. forced 48. A. eventually B. safely C. fortunately D. publicly 49. A. sticking to B. depending on C. picking up D. preparing for 50. A. wanders B. jogs C. slides D. heads 51. A. fishermen B. colleagues C. passengers D. soldiers 52. A. bother B. allow C. order D. support 53. A. ownership B. friendship C. membership D. leadership 54. A. risk-taking B. heart-breaking C. face-saving D. life-changing 55. A. gifts B. opinions C. time D. life 【答案】41. C 42. C 43. D 44. A 45. B 46. A 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. D 53. B 54. D 55. C 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了在Porthcawl救生艇站岸上船员的一员Ruth，她本觉得这份工作不适合她，但同事的热烈欢迎让她坚持了下来，她在救生站收获了友谊和人生的意义。 【41题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的第一次“呼救声”中，她帮助救了一个渔夫的命。A. change改变；B. dedicate奉献；C. save救；D. rebuild重塑。根据前文“Volunteer Ruth, a member of Porthcawl lifeboat station shore crew in South Wales”可知，Ruth是Porthcawl救生艇站岸上船员的一员，故此处指她帮助拯救了一个渔夫的生命，故选C。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是晕船和在海浪上跪下和上下弹跳让她很快明白，这个角色不适合她中年的身体。A. sands沙；B. shore海岸；C. waves海浪；D. land陆地。根据前文“sea sickness”和“bouncing up and down”可知，这是在海浪上的反应，故选C。 【43题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，Ruth受到了志愿者同伴的热烈欢迎，这也就意味着她根本不想要放弃。A. therefore因此；B. instead相反；C. besides而且；D. though尽管。根据前文“But sea sickness and “all that kneeling down and bouncing up and down on the ____2____” soon made it clear to her that the role didn’t suit her mid-life body.”和后文“The warm welcome Ruth received from fellow volunteers meant she didn’t want to ____4____ at all.”可知，前文的身体不适合与后文的不想要放弃构成转折关系，故选D。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. quit放弃；B. guide指导；C. share分享；D. follow跟随。根据前文“The warm welcome Ruth received from fellow volunteers”可知，Ruth受到了志愿者同伴的热烈欢迎，因此她不想要放弃这个工作，故选A。 45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在军队呆了八年，对这项工作有着相似的感觉：团队精神，且每人都相互支持。A. empty空空的；B. similar相似的；C. awful糟糕的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“the ____6____ and everybody supporting each other”可知，他们相互支持对方，有着团队精神，这与在军队里有着相似的感觉，故选B。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. teamwork团队精神；B. flexibility灵活性；C. creativity创造力；D. glory荣誉。根据空后“and everybody supporting each other”可知，每人都支持对方，故此处指他们有着团队精神，故选A。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此她选择让Porthcawl救生艇站岸上船员全体成员共同承担责任，确保救生船安全地发动。A. chose选择，情愿；B. paid支付；C. rejected拒绝；D. forced强迫。根据前文“the ____6____ and everybody supporting each other”可知，他们有着团队精神，故此处指她选择和同事们一起承担责任，确保救生船安全的发动，故选A。 【48题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. eventually最终；B. safely安全地；C. fortunately幸运地；D. publicly公开地。根据空前“making sure that lifeboats are launched”可知，她是救生站的一员，因此要共同确保救生船安全地发动，故选B。 49题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Ruth每周参加两次培训课程，学习新的技巧，并携带寻呼机。A. sticking to坚持；B. depending on依靠；C. picking up学习，捡起；D. preparing for为……做准备。根据前文“Twice a week Ruth attends training sessions”可知，她要参加培训课程，故此处指学习新的技巧，故选C。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每当传呼机一响起，她都会前往离家两分钟路程的救生站，帮助做好下水准备，其他同事则换上救生服，登船。A. wanders闲逛；B. jogs慢跑；C. slides滑行；D. heads前往。根据空后“to the station two minutes away from her home and helps get the boat ready for launch”可知，她赶去帮助做好船下水的准备，故此处指前往救生站，故选D。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fishermen渔民；B. colleagues同事；C. passengers乘客；D. soldiers士兵。根据前文“helps get the boat ready for launch”可知，她帮助做好船下水的准备，故救生站的其他同事则登船，出发救援，故选B。 【52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们归来时，她等着支持帮助他们解决他们可能遇到的任何问题。A. bother烦扰；B. allow允许；C. order命令；D. support支持。根据空后“to solve any problems they may have experienced.”可知，她帮助他们解决可能遇到的问题，故此处指支持他们，故选D。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她补充道：“来自不同年龄段和各行各业的人之间建立的友谊和纽带是改变一生的。尽管我付出了时间，但我得到的要多得多。”A. ownership所有权；B. friendship友谊；C. membership会员资格；D. leadership领导能力。根据空后“and bond that are made between people from all different age groups”可知，此处指她在工作过程中与同事建立的联系和友谊，故选B。 【54题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. risk-taking冒险的；B. hear-breaking令人心碎的；C. face-saving顾全面子的；D. life-changing改变一生的。根据前文“But sea sickness and “all that kneeling down and bouncing up and down on the ____2____” soon made it clear to her that the role didn’t suit her mid-life body.”可知，她原本觉得这个工作不适合她，但同事的热烈欢迎却让她留了下来，并收获了友谊和人生的意义，故此处指与不同年龄段和各行各业的人之间建立的友谊和纽带是改变一生的，故选D。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. gifts礼物；B. opinions观点；C. time时间；D. life生命。根据前文“Whenever it goes off, she ____10____ to the station two minutes away from her home and helps get the boat ready for launch”可知，只要传呼机一响起，她便要前往救生站帮助做好船下水的准备，因此她为这份工作奉献了自己的时间，故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 What comes to your mind when you think of Beijing? The Forbidden City? Tian’anmen Square? The Temple of Heaven? All these famous landmarks ____56____ (locate) along the central axis (中轴线). As the best-preserved core area of the old city of Beijing, the central axis is now under ____57____ (consider) for UNESCO’s World Heritage status. The central axis refers ____58____ the “line” that separates the eastern and western parts of Beijing. At 7.8 kilometers long, it runs from Yongding Gate in the south to the Bell Tower and Drum Tower in the north. Construction began in the Yuan Dynasty, and continued during the Ming and Qing ____59____ (dynasty). The central axis, like the backbone of Beijing, ____60____ (smart) organized the palaces, temples, markets and streets in ancient times. It shows the traditional Chinese concept of ____61____(respect) the center. This stressed the ____62____ (important) of imperial power, as the royal palace would be in the central spot. Other important buildings were placed around it. It also shows traditional Chinese ideas like harmony between man and nature and following order. It runs from the south to the north, the same as the direction of a meridian (子午线). The ritual (礼乐) culture ____63____ started from the Zhou Dynasty stressed balance, symmetry (对称) and order. There are lots of symmetric buildings along the axis. The Forbidden City is the most well-known palace ____64____ (build) along the central axis. The central axis is more than _____65_____ material relic. It is also a continuation of the traditional Chinese city layout concept. 【答案】56. are located 57. consideration 58. to 59. dynasties 60. smartly 61. respecting 62. importance 63. that##which 64. built 65. a 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍北京的中轴线。作为古代北京城市保存最完好的核心区域，北京中轴线已向联合国教科文组织申请加入世界遗产。中轴线就像北京的脊梁，它体现了中国传统的“尚中”观念，还体现了中国传统思想，如：天人合一、和谐共生、井然有序。中轴线不仅仅是物质遗迹，而是中国传统都城规划观念的不断延续。 【56题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：所有这些著名的地标都位于中轴线上。用一般现在时的被动形式。主语landmarks与谓语构成被动关系，陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填are located。 【57题详解】 考查名词。句意：作为北京老城保存最完好的核心区，中轴线目前正在考虑申请联合国教科文组织的世界遗产。短语be under consideration表示“在考虑中；在审议中”。故填consideration。 【58题详解】 考查介词。句意：中轴线指的是分隔北京东部和西部的“线”。refer to表示“指的是”。故填to。 【59题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：建筑开始于元代，并继续在明清时期。根据上文during the Ming and Qing可知dynasty应用复数形式。故填dynasties。 【60题详解】 考查副词。句意：中轴线就像北京的脊梁，在古代巧妙地组织了宫殿、寺庙、市场和街道。修饰动词organized应用副词smartly，作状语。故填smartly。 【61题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它体现了中国传统的尊重中心的观念。介词of后用动名词形式作宾语。故填respecting。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意：这强调了皇权的重要性，因为皇宫将处于中心位置。在定冠词the后作动词的宾语，应用名词importance，不可数。故填importance。 【63题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：始于周朝的仪式文化强调平衡、对称和秩序。定语从句修饰先行词the ritual culture，在从句作主语，指物。故填that/which。 【64题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：紫禁城是沿中轴线建造的最著名的宫殿。句子谓语动词是is，空格处填入非谓语动词，build与palace构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语修饰palace。故填built。 【65题详解】 考查冠词。句意：中轴线不仅仅是一个物质遗迹。relic为泛指，用不定冠词，且material是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假如你校英语报“Ecological and Environmental Protection”栏目正在征集稿件，邀请同学们推荐感兴趣的校园环保活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 具体活动； 2. 推荐理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What effective and meaningful environmental activities can we have on campus? First of all, I suggest inviting experts or relevant organizations to conduct lectures and exhibitions on environmental protection, enhancing students’ understanding and awareness of the importance of environmental conservation. In addition, set up recycling stations and encourage students to participate in the recycling of paper, plastic, and other recyclable materials, promoting the concept of resource recycling. It’s also a good idea to use artistic forms to convey environmental concepts such as painting, photography, and handicrafts. These campus environmental activities can cultivate students’ awareness of environmental protection, team work skills, and sense of social responsibility. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇投稿，要求考生就环境保护为主题写一封投稿，除了囊括文章要求的2个要点以外，还要补充合理细节。 【详解】1. 词汇积累： 讲座：lecture→seminar, talk 展览：exhibition→show, display 意识：awareness→consciousness, realization 概念：concept→notion, idea 2. 句式拓展： 同义句转换 原句：First of all, I suggest inviting experts or relevant organizations to conduct lectures and exhibitions on environmental protection, enhancing students’ understanding and awareness of the importance of environmental conservation. 拓展句：First of all, I suggest we should invite experts or relevant organizations to conduct lectures and exhibitions on environmental protection, enhancing students’ understanding and awareness of the importance of environmental conservation. 【点睛】【高分句型1】First of all, I suggest inviting experts or relevant organizations to conduct lectures and exhibitions on environmental protection, enhancing students’ understanding and awareness of the importance of environmental conservation.（现在分词作伴随状语） 【高分句型2】It’s also a good idea to use artistic forms to convey environmental concepts such as painting, photography, and handicrafts.（it作形式主语，to do不定式为真正主语） 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “All right, class, settle down! Today, I’m requiring you to use new vocabulary to write about your best friend. I don’t want to hear that your best friend is nice. I want to know how,” my Spanish teacher, Señora Morales, shouted at the class. I slowly began to write. My best friend is Hayley. She’s a soccer champion who colored her hair red to support her team. She plays guitar as I do, and we go to our orchestra every Saturday. She uses funny English words like “shenanigans”. We’ve been best friends since fourth grade. This is my standard response to the “best friend” question. The problem is, Hayley isn’t real. I had to come up with a fictional best friend because there have been too many writing tasks asking me to describe this person, too many moments when I’ve replied, “I don’t have one,” and too many times I’ve heard, “Why not? Are you just not the type of person who wants a best friend?” The truth is, I’ve watched with envy the best friends who ice skate together. Of course, I have plenty of acquaintances—those who I talk to at lunch. But the friend who I can depend on when I am upset doesn’t exist. Not having a best friend means I have no one to text late at night when I can’t fall asleep and no shoulder to cry on when I fail my orchestra audition. Sometimes I tell myself, “You’re such a baby; just toughen up. There’s no way you’ll ever succeed because you can’t deal with the smallest issues in life.” Considering these thoughts brings me down and makes me kill time on my phone. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But as I look through my phone, I ask myself, “What would Hayley say to me right now?” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When Señora Morales handed back my paper, she told me, “She seems like a great friend!” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 But as I look through my phone, I ask myself, “What would Hayley say to me right now?” As an imagined character, Hayley can say what my mind tells her to. So Hayley sits down and puts her arm around me. She tells me, “You can only do so much, and bringing yourself down uses most of the ‘so much’ you can really do.” Her words instantly enlighten me: Who says imagined friends can’t be the best friends? Look, Hayley can tell me anything that’s on my mind. We can play guitar together and go to listen to the orchestra. She’s always here for me, and I can trust her completely. When Señora Morales handed back my paper, she told me, “She seems like a great friend!” “Yeah,” I grinned. “She’s the best friend I’ve ever had.”She isn’t real. But what does it matter? Hayley’s always here to celebrate my successes and provides comfort during difficult times. She’s like a family member, someone I can rely on and share my joys and sorrows with. That’s how a best friend enriches our lives and makes the journey more meaningful. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者虚构了一个好朋友海莉，但还是因为没有真正的朋友而感到孤独。在经过脑海中的海莉安慰以后，作者不再纠结于朋友的真假，开始过更丰富的生活。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“但当我翻看手机时，我问自己，“海莉现在会对我说什么?””可知，第一段可描写海莉开导作者的话。 ②由第二段首句内容“当Señora Morales把我的文章还给我时，她告诉我:“她看起来是个好朋友!“”可知，第二段可描写老师对文章的评价以及作者感悟。 2.续写线索：海莉安慰作者——作者享受陪伴——老师评价朋友——作者对朋友的感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①提供：provide/offer ②信任：trust/ have confidence in ③使失望：let sb down/disappoint sb 情绪类 ①快乐：joy/happiness ②悲伤：sorrow/sadness 【点睛】[高分句型1] Look, Hayley can tell me anything that’s on my mind. (运用了that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] That’s how a best friend enriches our lives and makes the journey more meaningful. (运用了how引导表语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新疆维吾尔自治区2024年普通高考第三次适应性检测 英语 (卷面分值：150分 考试时间：120分钟) 注意事项： 1．本试卷共12页。答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。 2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。 3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。 4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man say about the apple pie? A. There is no more left. B. It’s incredibly delicious. C. It doesn’t appeal to him. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 When did the man get up? A. At 7:15. B. At 7:30. C. 8:45. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Teacher and student. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What did Linda do yesterday afternoon? A. Bought some books. B. Studied in the library. C. Attended a history class. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Where do the two speakers plan to make an advertisement? A. On TV. B. On a website. C. On a newspaper. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. Where does the conversation most probably take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a restaurant. C. At a house agency. 7. How much should the man pay for his stay? A. 60 dollars. B. 180 dollars. C. 210 dollars. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What will the man probably do for Mid-Autumn Festival this year? A. Take a trip. B. Participate in a race. C. Have a barbecue. 9. What will the man bring to the woman’s house? A. Beef and shrimps. B. Fruits and vegetables. C. Fruits and wine. 10. How does the man feel about the woman’s invitation? A. Pleased. B. Surprised. C. Indifferent. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 11. What will the woman do this afternoon? A. Clean her room. B. Buy some presents. C. Do some volunteer work. 12. What does the woman usually do in the kids’ dormitories? A. Read stories. B. Do some cleaning. C. Do some arts and crafts. 13. How often does the woman go to the Children’s Welfare Home during the holiday? A. Once a month. B. Twice a month. C. Three times a month. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. When to begin their work. B. When to visit their parents. C. When to have dinner together. 15. What does the woman usually do on Thursday evening? A. She is busy with her work. B. She has got nothing to do. C. She goes to dance practice. 16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Customer and waitress. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. What do Mr and Mrs Green usually do in the evening? A. Stay at home. B. Go out for a walk. C. Run along the road. 18. What did they do last Saturday? A. They did what they usually do. B. They worked in their own garden. C. They went to the cinema to see a film. 19. What did they see on their way home? A. They saw nobody in the street. B. They saw two persons running on the road. C. They saw some cars coming and going very fast. 20. Who will probably do the dishes washing? A. The man who was running behind. B. The woman who was running in front. C. The man and the woman who were running. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Yin Ruins Museum is made up of buildings that stand in a park-like setting in Anyang, Henan Province. The park marks the location of Yin Xu, the ancient capital of the Shang Dynasty. The museum’s buildings have been given the appearance of ancient structures. That makes them fit in tastefully with the surrounding landscape and provides a suitable setting for the cultural relies it displays. These were all unearthed through archaeological digs at the site itself as far back as the 1920s. Exploration is still ongoing and new archaeological treasures are periodically discovered. The buried relics of Yin Xu form the biggest archaeological site in all of China. Yin Xu once covered an area of about 24 square kilometers and was divided into several different districts, including a palace district, a civil residence district, a workshop district and a tomb district. Many of the cultural relics that were unearthed during archaeological digs such as bronzes, carved jade objects, pottery, lacquerware and oracle bones are now on display at the museum. A four-legged bronze cauldron (大锅) that was discovered at the site in 1939 is perhaps the single most famous relic that was unearthed from Yin Xu. It was at first known as the Simuwu Ding but is now known as the Houmuwu Ding. It is now on display at the National Museum of China in Beijing but you can see a replica (复制品) of it at Yin Ruins Museum. Most people that have heard of Yin Xu across the world, however, connect the site with the discovery of the oracle bones with mysterious ancient inscriptions on them. It is believed that farmers in the area had periodically discovered such bones as far back as the Han Dynasty. 21. What is the purpose of giving the museum’s buildings the appearance of ancient structures? A. To attract more tourists. B. To be in harmony with the surroundings. C. To make the cultural relics look more valuable. D. To provide a suitable setting for archaeological digs. 22. What is the single most famous relic unearthed from Yin Xu? A. A bronze cauldron. B. A carved jade object. C. An ancient pottery. D. An oracle bone. 23. When were oracle bones with ancient words first discovered? A. During the Shang Dynasty. B. During the Han Dynasty. C. In the 1920s. D. In the 1930s. B A few inspiring clues kept the rescuers going: the remains of fruit with bitemarks made by small human teeth, a pair of scissors and nappies (尿布) in the rainforest mud. All offered hope that four children, who come from the Huitoto Indigenous tribe, had miraculously survived a plane crash on May I in southern Colombia. The oldest of them was 13 and the youngest was only 11 months old. They were alive with tigers, poisonous snakes, storms and other threats under the dense green canopy of trees and vegetation. The remains of the Cessna light aircraft were found two weeks later, with the bodies of three adults still inside. But there was no sign of the children. A long search through the forest began. Helicopters hovered over the area around the crash, broadcasting message s from the children’s grandmother, telling them they hadn’t been forgotten, urging them to stay in one place, and dropping packets of food that may have helped them survive. “This isn’t a search for a needle in a haystack (干草堆), but a tiny flea (跳蚤) in a vast carpet, as they keep moving,” the captain of the search team told Colombian journalists. “Their bodies haven’t appeared, and I’m sure that we would have already found them if they were dead.” Then on a Friday in June, army radios sounded. “Miracle, miracle, miracle, miracle”. It was the army code for a child found alive; repeated four times meant all four had survived. Although malnourished and covered in insect bites, none were in a serious condition. The military posted pictures of a group of soldiers and volunteers posing with the children, who were wrapped in blankets. The education of survival skills the children got from their grandmother, a respected elder in the Araracuara indigenous territory, was almost certainly vital to their survival. “They’ve given us an example of total survival that will go down in history,” said Colombia’s president, Gustavo Petro, calling it “a joy for the whole country”. 24. How many people were on board the plane that crashed? A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 7. 25. Why did it take about one month to find the children? A. There was no timely rescue. B They were constantly in motion. C. The accident left them badly injured. D. Wild animals became a great threat for the search. 26. What’s the captain’s attitude towards the children’s survival? A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Subjective. D. Concerned. 27. What is the key contributor to the children’s survival? A. The pictures taken by the soldiers. B. The messages sent by the army. C. The tips from their grandmother. D. The encouragement of the president. C Human history is full of horse stories. Cowboys told epic tales of trusty horses guiding them home on dark, foggy nights. Legendary horses transported wounded soldiers through battle zones. Such horses were intelligent and highly trained. And they made Eakta Jain think of robots. In fact, horses have become her muse for autonomous robots. For a horse that can take a rider home on its own, “you can trust it with your life,” says Jain, a computer scientist and roboticist. Jain was drawn to learning how that trust develops. She wondered if it could help improve human-robot interactions. She was especially interested in how such relationships form. For a year, Jain immersed herself in the horse world. She watched classes in horse training at her university. She also talked with students, instructors, trainers and horse owners. Horses learn cues from their trainers on how to comfortably interact with people. People, too, must learn their part. Riders must learn what cues to use to direct horses to perform in desired ways or to correct an animal when it doesn’t do what was expected. Jain found some similarities, here, to working with robots. People must learn how to direct robots to do specific tasks. They also must learn what to do when robots don’t perform as planned. Jain’s goal is to program robots that will respond predictably to inputs from people. But like many horses, autonomous robots also should be able to respond on their own as conditions change. For example, a self-driving car must stop to avoid hitting something — even if some human mistakenly tells it to keep going. In human-horse partnerships, horses mostly communicate through actions, not sounds. For instance, their ears tend to point toward whatever they’re paying attention to. “Perhaps the same unspoken expressions used in human-horse communications can be used to communicate that the robot respects a human,” Jain says. That might build a sense of trust. It might also make someone more open to working with a robot. What would it mean for robots and people to respect and trust each other? For now, she adds, this is largely uncharted territory. But she’s looking to build a path. 28. What inspired Eakta Jain to explore the relationship between horses and robots? A. The intelligence and training of legendary horses. B. The need to improve human-robot interactions. C. The trust between horses and humans. D. The widely-spread cowboy stories. 29. What similarity do horses and robots share? A. Both require verbal commands. B. Both learn how to interact with people. C. Both are directed to perform specific tasks. D. Both are able to respond on their own accordingly. 30. What impact can the communication between robots and humans have? A. Leading to a more efficient transport system. B. Getting rid of the need for human involvement. C. Revolutionizing the field of computer science. D. Enhancing trust and cooperation between them. 31. What is the best title for the text? A. The Similarities Between Horses and Robots B. Learn from Horses to Improve Robot Partnerships C. The Uncharted Territory of Human-Robot Interactions D. Understand Communication in Human-Horse-Robot Relationships D Some ultra-processed foods increase the risk of developing cancer, heart disease and diabetes, but others are good for you, new research suggests. A major new international study has found that regular consumption of meat products, such as sausages and sugary drinks make it more likely that someone will get those diseases. But bread and cereals actually reduce someone’s risk of them, because they contain fibre despite also being ultra-processed foods (UPF), the same researchers also concluded in findings published in The Lancet. Similarly, sauces, spreads and condiments are also bad for human health, but not as much as animal products and soft drinks. However, several other major types of UPF previously seen as harmful: sweets and desserts, ready meals, savoury snacks and plant-based alternatives to meat products also got the all-clear. They are “not associated with risk of multi-morbidity (多重病症)”, said the authors. Experts said the findings showed that regarding all UPF products as bad for health is unwise and unwarranted. Like several other recent research projects, the new study did conclude that UPF harms human health and makes it more likely that someone who consumes a lot of it would suffer a potentially fatal event, such as a heart attack or stroke. However, it also gives a more detailed picture of exactly which UPF products do and do not heighten that risk. The authors said, “We found that higher consumption of UPF was associated with a higher risk of multi-morbidity of cancer and cardio-metabolic diseases.” People keen to lower their risk should replace some but not all UPF in their diet with “similar but less processed foods for the prevention of cancer and cardio-metabolic multi-morbidity” or follow the Mediterranean diet. Multi-morbidity is when someone has at least two life-shortening diseases at the same time, such as cancer and heart disease. Heinz Freisling, a co-author of the paper and expert at the World Health Organization said, “Our study emphasises that it is not necessary to completely avoid ultra-processed foods; rather, their consumption should be limited, and preference be given to fresh or minimally processed foods.” 32. What ultra-processed foods did the researchers find to be good for health according to the new research? A. Bread and cereals. B. Sweets and desserts. C. Sausages and sugary drinks. D. Sauces, spreads, and condiments. 33. What does the underlined word “unwarranted” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Illegal. B. Unavoidable. C. Misleading. D. Unreasonable. 34. What can be inferred about the Mediterranean diet from the text? A. It consists of less processed foods. B. It encourages the consumption of UPF. C. It increases the risk of developing multi-morbidity. D. It proves effective in treating cancer and heart disease. 35. Why did the researchers conduct the new study on ultra-processed foods? A. To warn people of the danger of eating UPF. B. To promote the consumption of processed foods. C. To deepen the insight into ultra-processed foods. D. To encourage people to follow a Mediterranean diet. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Something You Should Know About Balance Exercises You need balance to perform just about any task, from walking, standing, sitting down in your chair, to every workout. Good balance helps prevent falls and therefore injuries, and simply makes daily activities easier and safer to perform. How steady you are on your feet can indicate how likely you are to live a longer, healthy life. ____36____, you should take some balance exercises. Don’t wait until it’s too late. ·What exercises should you take? ____37____. Other things that work your balance slightly differently, but again are really good, are ball games. It can be anything involving hand-eye coordination, such as tennis or table tennis. ·How often should you perform balance exercises? Balance exercises are often low-impact, controlled movements, so there’s not really any risk of over-training. Older adults who are at risk of falls should try to do balance training at least three times a week to reduce risk. ____38____. ·____39____? Training your balance three to six times each week should start to show results in 11 to 12 weeks. So, if you perform these exercises multiple times a week, you should see improvements in your balance in as few as three months. ·How long should you hold balance exercise positions? The key to successful balance exercises is control and form. Move slowly with intention, focusing on bracing your core (稳住重心). ____40____. For the movements that require a hold, try to hang on for at least 30 seconds, increasing each week as you improve. A. What effects can balance exercises have on life B If you’d like to maintain quality of life and avoid pain C. When the balance system as a whole starts to get worn D. How long does it take to see results from balance exercises E. Moving quickly will actually be less effective for these exercises F. Young adults can do balance exercises every day or as often as they like G. Pilates, dance and t’ai chi are all good exercises to maintain good balance 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Volunteer Ruth, a member of Porthcawl lifeboat station shore crew in South Wales, enjoyed a short period on the boats. On her first “shout”, she helped to ____41____ a fisherman’s life. But sea sickness and “all that kneeling down and bouncing up and down on the ____42____” soon made it clear to her that the role didn’t suit her mid-life body. The warm welcome Ruth received from fellow volunteers, ____43____, meant she didn’t want to ____44____ at all. “As soon as I joined, it was fantastic. I spent eight years in the Army and there was a(n)____45____ feel about the work: the ____46____ and everybody supporting each other,” she says. So she ____47____ Porthcawl lifeboat station shore crew to take joint responsibility for making sure that lifeboats are launched ____48____. Twice a week Ruth attends training sessions, ____49____ new skills, and she carries a pager(寻呼机). Whenever it goes off, she _____50_____ to the station two minutes away from her home and helps get the boat ready for launch while other _____51_____ get changed to board it. When they return, she’s waiting to _____52_____ them to solve any problems they may have experienced. “The _____53_____ and bond that are made between people from all different age groups and walks of life are _____54_____. Even though I give my _____55_____, what I get back is so much more,” she adds. 41. A. change B. dedicate C. save D. rebuild 42. A. sands B. shore C. waves D. land 43. A. therefore B. instead C. besides D. though 44. A. quit B. guide C. share D. follow 45. A. empty B. similar C. awful D. natural 46. A. teamwork B. flexibility C. creativity D. glory 47. A. chose B. paid C. rejected D. forced 48. A. eventually B. safely C. fortunately D. publicly 49. A. sticking to B. depending on C. picking up D. preparing for 50. A. wanders B. jogs C. slides D. heads 51. A. fishermen B. colleagues C. passengers D. soldiers 52. A. bother B. allow C. order D. support 53. A. ownership B. friendship C. membership D. leadership 54. A. risk-taking B. heart-breaking C. face-saving D. life-changing 55. A. gifts B. opinions C. time D. life 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 What comes to your mind when you think of Beijing? The Forbidden City? Tian’anmen Square? The Temple of Heaven? All these famous landmarks ____56____ (locate) along the central axis (中轴线). As the best-preserved core area of the old city of Beijing, the central axis is now under ____57____ (consider) for UNESCO’s World Heritage status. The central axis refers ____58____ the “line” that separates the eastern and western parts of Beijing. At 7.8 kilometers long, it runs from Yongding Gate in the south to the Bell Tower and Drum Tower in the north. Construction began in the Yuan Dynasty, and continued during the Ming and Qing ____59____ (dynasty). The central axis, like the backbone of Beijing, ____60____ (smart) organized the palaces, temples, markets and streets in ancient times. It shows the traditional Chinese concept of ____61____(respect) the center. This stressed the ____62____ (important) of imperial power, as the royal palace would be in the central spot. Other important buildings were placed around it. It also shows traditional Chinese ideas like harmony between man and nature and following order. It runs from the south to the north, the same as the direction of a meridian (子午线). The ritual (礼乐) culture ____63____ started from the Zhou Dynasty stressed balance, symmetry (对称) and order. There are lots of symmetric buildings along the axis. The Forbidden City is the most well-known palace ____64____ (build) along the central axis. The central axis is more than _____65_____ material relic. It is also a continuation of the traditional Chinese city layout concept. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 66. 假如你校英语报“Ecological and Environmental Protection”栏目正在征集稿件，邀请同学们推荐感兴趣的校园环保活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 具体活动； 2. 推荐理由。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 “All right, class, settle down! Today, I’m requiring you to use new vocabulary to write about your best friend. I don’t want to hear that your best friend is nice. I want to know how,” my Spanish teacher, Señora Morales, shouted at the class. I slowly began to write. My best friend is Hayley. She’s a soccer champion who colored her hair red to support her team. She plays guitar as I do, and we go to our orchestra every Saturday. She uses funny English words like “shenanigans”. We’ve been best friends since fourth grade. This is my standard response to the “best friend” question. The problem is, Hayley isn’t real. I had to come up with a fictional best friend because there have been too many writing tasks asking me to describe this person, too many moments when I’ve replied, “I don’t have one,” and too many times I’ve heard, “Why not? Are you just not the type of person who wants a best friend?” The truth is, I’ve watched with envy the best friends who ice skate together. Of course, I have plenty of acquaintances—those who I talk to at lunch. But the friend who I can depend on when I am upset doesn’t exist. Not having a best friend means I have no one to text late at night when I can’t fall asleep and no shoulder to cry on when I fail my orchestra audition. Sometimes I tell myself “You’re such a baby; just toughen up. There’s no way you’ll ever succeed because you can’t deal with the smallest issues in life.” Considering these thoughts brings me down and makes me kill time on my phone. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 But as I look through my phone, I ask myself, “What would Hayley say to me right now?” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When Señora Morales handed back my paper, she told me, “She seems like a great friend!” ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null