升高二暑假【夏日FUN学】专题6：过去进行时、过去完成、过去将来时用法及区别 导学案-2024-2025学年人教版（ 2019） 暑假衔接英语课程

【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案 专题6：过去进行时、过去完成、过去将来时用法及区别（原卷版） 【知识对接】 接点一、过去进行时用法 1. 表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。 Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 2. 与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时。 John was always coming to school late. 3. 用来描写故事发生的情景时。 It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on 4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。 I was taking a walk when I met him. 5. go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。 I was leaving for Washington that day. 6. 用过去进行时表示现在，主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。 I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 7. 动词be的进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。比较： He was friendly. (指过去长期如此) He was being friendly. (指当时一时的表现) 接点二、过去完成时用法 1. 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。用时间轴表示为：——过去的过去——过去（参照物）——现在 注意：如果没有参照点，“一分钟之前”是“过去”，“前年”是“过去”，“十亿年之前”也是“过去”。但如果确定了一个参照点，时态就不同了。如果以“last weekend”为参照物，那么在last week 之前就是过去完成时了。如果“去见朋友”是过去时，那么在“（见朋友前）dress up”该用过去完成时。 By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. He said that he had known her well. I thought I had sent the letter a week before. She didn’t go to bed until she had finished he work. 2. 动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。 They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. We had hoped to be able to come and see you . 3. 过去完成时还可用在hardly…when…, no sooner…than…, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)…等固定句型中。 Hardly had he began to speak when the audience interrupted him. No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 注意：历史事实通常用一般过去时表示： They learned that President Lincoln led the American War. He told the students that Hitler killed millions of Jews. 注意： 当两个或多个过去发生的动作紧挨着并列出现时，尽管各动作之间有先后关系，仍然用一般过去式。 He put down the luggage and returned to the car. 由after, before, as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句，已经清楚地表明了动作的先后关系，也可以用一般过去时表示先后发生的动作。 接点三、过去将来时用法 1. 过去时将来时是对于过去某一时间点而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于宾语从句中。 We were all surprised when he made it clear that he would leave office soon. At that time I knew we should succeed. She hoped that they would meet again someday. 2. 表示过去的某种习惯行为。 She would lose the key! He would sit for hours doing nothing. 3. 过去将来时除了用“should, would+动词原形”表达外，还有以下几种表达法。 was/were going to表示过去的打算和意图： He was going to start work the following week. （打算） He said he was going to visit China the next week. 表示没有实现的打算和意图 He was going to come last night, but it rained. (没有实现) I thought the film was going to be interesting. （结果不是如此） “was/were to+动词原形”通常指过去的计划安排或注定要发生的事情。如果计划的动作没有实现，要用动词的完成式。 He said he was to meet his girlfriend at the station at 4p.m. （计划安排） These first words were to change my world. (注定要发生的事情) She said she was to take up the position. (表示打算) She said she was to have taken up the position. ( 计划但未能实现) was/were about to＋动词原形，表示过去即将发生的事。 I felt that something terrible was about to happen. We were about to go there when it began to rain. 表示位置转移的动词 (如go，come，leave，start等)的过去进行时，表示按照过去的计划安排将在过去将来发生的事情。 I didn't know you were coming. He hurried into the carriage. The train was leaving in a few minutes. 接点四、一般过去时和过去完成时的区别 “时间名词 + before”在句子中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词 + ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去式。如： He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago. She left her case on the train. She found she had left her case on the train. 在before或after引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时态代替过去完成时。 After he (had) left the room, the boss came in. （“离开”的动作在“进来”之前，在“过去的过去”，用过去完成时正确；同时，句中已经有了before来明确两个动作的先后关系，用一般过去时也可以。） We arrived home before it snowed. 接点五、时态考查方式 （一）利用干扰时态考查一般现在时或一般过去时 当命题者想针对一般现在时或一般过去时这样的简单时态设题时，他们通常都会同时设置一个其他的干扰时态，以扰乱学生思维。此时千万不要受干扰时态的影响而步入命题人的陷阱。 （二）利用时态标志考查现在完成时态的用法 在高中阶段，很多情况都不能仅凭某种相应的“时态标志”去判断时态，比如“for+时间段”可能用于过去时。但是在这些时态标志中，与现在完成时搭配的标志性词语最明显，在高中阶段我们学习了不少关于现在完成时的“标志性时间状语”，比如so far, up to now等等。另外，针对完成时的“完成”或“影响”含义，命题者也常常对此设题。 （三）在“过去的过去”背景下考查过去完成时态的用法 大家知道，过去完成时是一种相对时态，它表示的是一个相对某一时间更早的动作，也就是我们通常说的“过去的过去”。综观近几年的各省市高考英语时态考题，过去完成时一直是一个十分重要的考点，且其中的绝大部分考题都是在“过去的过去”这一背景下设置出来的。应对此类考题的关键有两点：一是正确理解好“过去的过去”这五个字，二是找准作为过去完成时参照点的“过去”时间。 接点六、“时态”解题“四步走” （一）找准时间状语，看是否有明确提示时态的时间状语； （二）找好参照时态, 注意宾语从句中主从句的时态要保持一致； I know he will help you. I knew he would help you. （三）遇到情景性题干，自己问自己：事情发生在现在还是过去，还是将来？ （四）有时题干采取了省略形式，根据语境补全时间状语。 【达标训练】 一、语法填空 A.单句语法填空 1．And ineffective tilling means some seeds won’t take and yield (drop). 2．By the end of 2021, the “digital Dunhuang project” (complete) the digital collection of 268 grottoes. 3．Opening in July, the exhibition will last for three years. It is the first time that the Dunhuang Academy (hold) such a long exhibition in Beijing. 4．In the past few years, the country (enhance) legal and technological support for the protection of its world natural heritage, establishing a management system with Chinese characteristics. 5．Since then, all government units, organizations and streets communities (organize) a yearly autumn trip for those who have retired from their posts. 6．In the race, a drummer (use) a large traditional wooden drum to keep the paddlers on the beat, while a steersman in the back keeps them in their lane. 7．According to the latest data, the total area of China’s mangrove forests in 2020 (be) 289 square kilometers, and over 70 square kilometers of mangroves are newly planted and restored now. 8．This ancient Chinese art, known as dragon scale bookbinding (装订), (stretch) back more than 1,000 years to the Tang dynasty. 9．Now the local authorities (work) to standardize and modernize operations at the restaurants to turn the brand into a successful and safe food business worldwide. 10．With more knowledge (come) a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still. 11．Suddenly, a look of confusion (sweep) over her face. （所给词的适当形式填空） 12．While we can’t guard against all misfortunes and diseases, getting to know some first aid skills (be) quite useful. 13．What (make) people moved is not the film itself but the heroes of the war years. 14．The formation of each celadon (be) a process of life casting. Only after being burnt at around 1300℃ for 400 hours can it be made into an object. 15．There (be) some Chinese and three Americans in the travelling team. 16．Not only students but also their teacher (object) to the plan. 17．I think physics (be) much more useful than maths. 18．The Chinese badminton team (be) playing magnificently. 19．Playing baseball (be) Dale’s favourite sport. 20．Neither of the two brothers (live)with their parents. 21．Everyone except Tom and John (be) there when the meeting began. 22．About one third of the books worth reading. 这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。 23．The plan they paid much attention to (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting. 24．— Shall we go to the art exhibition this Sunday? — Good idea, but I (promise) to go to the library with my sister. 25．Through storytelling, my children’s thinking skills a lot since they were 3 years old.(develop) 26．So far some states in the USA (introduce) a new way to avoid this — Traffic School. 27．While we (eat) breakfast, Claudio went upstairs to collect his things. 28．The farmer (harvest) crops in the field from  8 a.m. to 1 p.m. yesterday. 29．— Why are you so busy the whole afternoon? — We (plan) to have a fashion show for poor children this Friday. 30．—Hello, is that James speaking? —Sorry, this is John. James (have) supper. B.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During 31 Second World War, the German Navy （海军）used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and 32 （learn） about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to 33 （they） ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it 34 （break）. In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send 35 （secret）. A few Navajo（纳瓦在人）Indians made this code 36 （base） on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised 37 （keep） this code a secret, even though this could cause their 38 （die）. The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing 39 the Navajo language. And the code, 40 connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific. 二、语法与写作 41．A child and a man (正在海滩上散步，这时小孩发现了一个贝壳，并把它放在了自己的耳朵旁). （be doing sth. when...正在做某事，就在这时……） 42．She told me she (很难集中注意力) in class. (have trouble (in) doing sth.) 43．A classmate told me she (看到我的朋友在聊天) with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. (see sb. doing) 44． (无论我们是走路去学校，做作业，还是周末出去玩), we’re hardly out of each other’s sight. （whether... or...） 45． (你既对独立有新的渴望) and a continued need for your parents’ love and support. (both…and…引导并列结构) 46．It has (证明是) a positive influence on the lives of many people. 47．He is referred to as a hypocrite (伪君子) because what he says what he does. (不相符) 48．Mr. Smith in Beijing for 5 years. (现在已不在北京) 49．She said she would (出发) for Beijing next morning. 50．Their faith and courage (帮助他们渡过难关) at last. 【能力提升】 阅读理解 A Wilderness Explorers Center Guide Welcome to the Wilderness Explorers Center, your gateway to the adventure of nature's wonders! With engaging exhibits, wildlife sightseeing, and natural activities, there's something for everyone to enjoy. Discover Nature's Treasures Don't miss the chance to explore our Nature Gift Shop, located near the entrance of the Wilderness Explorers Center. Here, you'll discover a delightful array of eco-friendly gifts, educational books, and unique handicrafts inspired by the natural world. Enjoy at Forest Café After a day of exploration, fuel your energy at the Forest Café. Indulge in a selection of delicious snacks, sandwiches, and beverages sourced from local ingredients. Whether you're craving a refreshing drink or a heart y meal, the Forest Café is the perfect spot to relax and unwind. Ensure the Accessibility Ensuring that every visitor can fully enjoy their experience is our top priority. That's why we offer wheelchair and stroller rentals at the entrance, making it easy for everyone to explore our center comfortably. Our staff are also available to ensure that all guests feel welcome. Support the Conservation Join us in our mission to protect and preserve the natural world for future generations. Your support plays a crucial role in our conservation efforts. Click our website here to learn more about how you can get involved, from donating to becoming a member of our conservation community. Together, we can make a difference in safeguarding the beauty of our planet. 1．Where can you buy a gift at Wilderness Explorers Center? A．Near the tranquil pond. B．At the Forest Café. C．Near the main entrance. D．Next to the educational exhibits. 2．What services are available for visitors with special needs? A．Rental of wheelchairs and strollers. B．Guided tours of the forest trails. C．Access to wildlife viewing areas. D．Participation in conservation workshops. 3．Where might the text be taken from? A．A brochure. B．A magazine. C．A website. D．A textbook. B Emily, a 14-year-old teenager, walked through her town one afternoon. Her eyes were drawn to the sight of people without homes on street corners, trembling (颤抖) against the chill. It was a scene that stirred something deep within her — a desire to make a difference, no matter how small. Emily decided to turn her love of baking into a force for good. She whipped (搅打) cream, mixed flour, and baked cookies and cakes in her family kitchen. With the support of her friends and family, she set up a colorful stall in her bustling neighborhood, offering her homemade treats to passersby in exchange for donations. The response was overwhelming. People were not only touched by Emily's handmade cookies but also inspired by her spirit. Before long, donations were pouring in. In just a few short weeks, Emily had raised over $1,000 — a symbol of one's kindness to ignite a community's generosity. But Emily's heart was set on doing even more. Inspired by the success of her bake sale, she came up with the idea of organizing a charity run. A community-wide event that would bring people together in support of a common cause. She reached out to local businesses and called for volunteers to help her realize the project. On the day of the charity run, participants ran under the clear, open sky, and the running campaign raised over $5,000 for the local homeless shelter. For Emily, the true reward lay not in the dollars raised or the miles run but in the knowledge that she had touched the hearts of her community and shown that even the smallest act of kindness can make a difference to the world. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Emily offered the homeless treats for free. B．Emily raised $5,000 from her bake sale. C．Emily received support from local businesses. D．Emily's charity run was held in an indoor gym. 5．What motivated Emily to organize a charity run? A．The success of her bakery sale. B．The inspiration from her family. C．The encouragement from her neighbors. D．Her passion for running. 6．Which of the following can best describe Emily? A．Kind and active. B．Energetic and creative. C．Smart and ambitious. D．Happy and generous. 7．What is the best title of the text? A．Community Together: Many Hands, Light Work B．Sweet Victory: Emily's Bake Sale Success C．Light in Darkness: Emily's Run to Help D．Spreading Goodness: Emily's Charitable Acts C Do I think the sky is falling? Sort of. My husband and I were recently in Egypt, where the temperature was a bit warm for my tiny princess self. So, we left Egypt. Back home, my dearest friends struggled with health stuff, with family craziness… The game of life is hard, and a lot of us are playing hurt. I ache for the world but naturally I’m mostly watching the Me Movie, where balance and strength are beginning to fail. What can we do as the creaking elevator of age slowly arrives? The main solution is to get outside every day, ideally with friends. Old friends even thoughts of them-are my comfort. Recently I was walking along a beach with Neshama. We go back 50 years. She is 84, short and strong. Every so often, she bent down somewhat tentatively (踌躇地) and picked up small items into a small cloth bag. “What are you doing?” “I’m picking up micro litter. I try to help where I can.” I reminded her of an old story. A great warhorse comes upon a tiny sparrow (麻雀) lying on its back with its feet in the air, eyes tightly shut with effort. The horse asks it what it’s doing. “I’m trying to help hold back the darkness.” The horse laughs loudly, “That is so funny. What do you weigh?” And the sparrow replies, “One does what one can.” This is what older age means. We do what we can. We continued our walk. Neshama bent tentatively to pick up bits of litter and started to slip, but I caught her and we laughed. We are so physically weak in older age, but friendship makes it all a rowing machine for the soul. We can take it, as long as we feel and give love, and laugh gently at ourselves as we fall apart. We know by a certain age the great lies in our life—if you do or achieve this or that, you will be happy and rich. Love and service make us rich. 8．What contributes most to making the author happy at present? A．Watching movies. B．Meeting old friends. C．Traveling in Egypt. D．Walking on the beach. 9．What does the sparrow serve as in the text? A．Neshama’s fear. B．Neshama’s dream. C．The author’s approval. D．The author’s doubt. 10．Which of the following words can best describe the personality of Neshama? A．Determined and helpful. B．Responsible and caring. C．Narrow-minded but friendly. D．Bad-tempered but supportive. 11．What is the true meaning of happiness for the author? A．Staying with families. B．Being rich and healthy. C．Doing what one can. D．Living a comfortable life. D A Japanese candy company has been making national news headlines for its idea to produce gummy candy (软糖) that tastes like an “imaginary fruit” called Kiraspika. Last year was a great one for gummy candy producers, and the market continued to expand throughout 2023, with fruit-flavored (水果味的) gummies being the most popular. There are plenty of fruit flavors to choose from, but companies are still limited to the fruits that can be found in our world. However, what if someone started making candy that tastes like imaginary fruits? That was the strange idea that a Japanese sweets maker recently came up with. Two months ago, the company created a new type of gummy candy that tastes like fruit “Kiraspika no Mi”, an imaginary fruit with an original flavor, design, and even a story. According to the story, the star-shaped Kiraspika only grows in the mountainous area of Blue Knife, where temperatures drop to —50℃ in winter. It is very difficult to get. Everything about Kiraspika was invented in the fruit lab where its flavor experts mixed various existing flavors to create a totally original one that tastes like nothing you’ve ever eaten. According to its designers, the Kiraspika-flavored gummy candy has a unique sweetness mixed with a kind of sourness (酸味), but many of those who have tried it have their own description of the taste. To some, the Kiraspika flavor can be compared to that of an energy drink, while others say it tastes a bit like a spicy apple. It is the mystery of the flavor and the personal explanations that make this product liked by many people. 12．What does the underlined word “expand” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Disappear. B．Shorten. C．Struggle. D．Grow. 13．What is a feature of Kiraspika? A．It can’t be found in real life. B．It grows on the plain. C．It can be planted easily. D．It needs high temperatures. 14．What makes the new type of gummy candy popular? A．Its shape. B．Its taste. C．Its origin. D．Its designer. 15．Where does this text probably come from? A．A news report. B．A health magazine. C．A biology book. D．An old story. ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 【夏日FUN学】2024年暑假英语升高二衔接学案 专题6：过去进行时、过去完成、过去将来时用法及区别（解析版） 【知识对接】 接点一、过去进行时用法 1. 表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。 Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 2. 与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时。 John was always coming to school late. 3. 用来描写故事发生的情景时。 It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on 4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。 I was taking a walk when I met him. 5. go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。 I was leaving for Washington that day. 6. 用过去进行时表示现在，主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。 I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 7. 动词be的进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。比较： He was friendly. (指过去长期如此) He was being friendly. (指当时一时的表现) 接点二、过去完成时用法 1. 表示在过去某一时刻或动作以前完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。用时间轴表示为：——过去的过去——过去（参照物）——现在 注意：如果没有参照点，“一分钟之前”是“过去”，“前年”是“过去”，“十亿年之前”也是“过去”。但如果确定了一个参照点，时态就不同了。如果以“last weekend”为参照物，那么在last week 之前就是过去完成时了。如果“去见朋友”是过去时，那么在“（见朋友前）dress up”该用过去完成时。 By nine o’clock last night, we had got 200 pictures from the spaceship. I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. He said that he had known her well. I thought I had sent the letter a week before. She didn’t go to bed until she had finished he work. 2. 动词think, want, hope, mean, plan, intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法，希望，打算或意图等。 They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. We had hoped to be able to come and see you . 3. 过去完成时还可用在hardly…when…, no sooner…than…, It was the first (second, etc) time (that)…等固定句型中。 Hardly had he began to speak when the audience interrupted him. No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. It was the third time that he had been out of work that year. 注意：历史事实通常用一般过去时表示： They learned that President Lincoln led the American War. He told the students that Hitler killed millions of Jews. 注意： 当两个或多个过去发生的动作紧挨着并列出现时，尽管各动作之间有先后关系，仍然用一般过去式。 He put down the luggage and returned to the car. 由after, before, as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句，已经清楚地表明了动作的先后关系，也可以用一般过去时表示先后发生的动作。 接点三、过去将来时用法 1. 过去时将来时是对于过去某一时间点而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常用于宾语从句中。 We were all surprised when he made it clear that he would leave office soon. At that time I knew we should succeed. She hoped that they would meet again someday. 2. 表示过去的某种习惯行为。 She would lose the key! He would sit for hours doing nothing. 3. 过去将来时除了用“should, would+动词原形”表达外，还有以下几种表达法。 was/were going to表示过去的打算和意图： He was going to start work the following week. （打算） He said he was going to visit China the next week. 表示没有实现的打算和意图 He was going to come last night, but it rained. (没有实现) I thought the film was going to be interesting. （结果不是如此） “was/were to+动词原形”通常指过去的计划安排或注定要发生的事情。如果计划的动作没有实现，要用动词的完成式。 He said he was to meet his girlfriend at the station at 4p.m. （计划安排） These first words were to change my world. (注定要发生的事情) She said she was to take up the position. (表示打算) She said she was to have taken up the position. ( 计划但未能实现) was/were about to＋动词原形，表示过去即将发生的事。 I felt that something terrible was about to happen. We were about to go there when it began to rain. 表示位置转移的动词 (如go，come，leave，start等)的过去进行时，表示按照过去的计划安排将在过去将来发生的事情。 I didn't know you were coming. He hurried into the carriage. The train was leaving in a few minutes. 接点四、一般过去时和过去完成时的区别 “时间名词 + before”在句子中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词 + ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去式。如： He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before. Xiao Hua left school 3 years ago. She left her case on the train. She found she had left her case on the train. 在before或after引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时态代替过去完成时。 After he (had) left the room, the boss came in. （“离开”的动作在“进来”之前，在“过去的过去”，用过去完成时正确；同时，句中已经有了before来明确两个动作的先后关系，用一般过去时也可以。） We arrived home before it snowed. 接点五、时态考查方式 （一）利用干扰时态考查一般现在时或一般过去时 当命题者想针对一般现在时或一般过去时这样的简单时态设题时，他们通常都会同时设置一个其他的干扰时态，以扰乱学生思维。此时千万不要受干扰时态的影响而步入命题人的陷阱。 （二）利用时态标志考查现在完成时态的用法 在高中阶段，很多情况都不能仅凭某种相应的“时态标志”去判断时态，比如“for+时间段”可能用于过去时。但是在这些时态标志中，与现在完成时搭配的标志性词语最明显，在高中阶段我们学习了不少关于现在完成时的“标志性时间状语”，比如so far, up to now等等。另外，针对完成时的“完成”或“影响”含义，命题者也常常对此设题。 （三）在“过去的过去”背景下考查过去完成时态的用法 大家知道，过去完成时是一种相对时态，它表示的是一个相对某一时间更早的动作，也就是我们通常说的“过去的过去”。综观近几年的各省市高考英语时态考题，过去完成时一直是一个十分重要的考点，且其中的绝大部分考题都是在“过去的过去”这一背景下设置出来的。应对此类考题的关键有两点：一是正确理解好“过去的过去”这五个字，二是找准作为过去完成时参照点的“过去”时间。 接点六、“时态”解题“四步走” （一）找准时间状语，看是否有明确提示时态的时间状语； （二）找好参照时态, 注意宾语从句中主从句的时态要保持一致； I know he will help you. I knew he would help you. （三）遇到情景性题干，自己问自己：事情发生在现在还是过去，还是将来？ （四）有时题干采取了省略形式，根据语境补全时间状语。 【达标训练】 一、语法填空 A.单句语法填空 1．And ineffective tilling means some seeds won’t take and yield (drop). 【答案】will drop 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：无效耕作意味着一些种子无法收获，产量会下降。设空处在句中作谓语，and是并列连词，前后时态一般保持一致，由won’t take的提示可知，设空处为一般将来时。故填will drop。 2．By the end of 2021, the “digital Dunhuang project” (complete) the digital collection of 268 grottoes. 【答案】had completed 【详解】考查时态。句意：到2021年底，“数字敦煌项目”已完成了268个洞窟的数字收集。根据时间状语By the end of 2021可知，该句应用过去完成时。故填had completed。 3．Opening in July, the exhibition will last for three years. It is the first time that the Dunhuang Academy (hold) such a long exhibition in Beijing. 【答案】has held 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该展览将于今年7月开幕，为期三年。这是敦煌研究院第一次在北京举办如此长的展览。It is the first time that sb. have/has done sth.是固定句型，意为“这是某人第一次做某事”，主语the Dunhuang Academy是单数，因此空格处是has held。故填has held。 4．In the past few years, the country (enhance) legal and technological support for the protection of its world natural heritage, establishing a management system with Chinese characteristics. 【答案】has enhanced 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：近年来，中国加强了对世界自然遗产保护的法律和技术支持，建立了具有中国特色的世界自然遗产管理体系。空处作谓语,结合时间状语“In the past few years”可知，时态用现在完成时； the country和enhance之间为主动关系；主语the country为第三人称单数。故填has enhanced。 5．Since then, all government units, organizations and streets communities (organize) a yearly autumn trip for those who have retired from their posts. 【答案】have organized/have been organizing 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，所有政府单位、组织和街道社区每年都为退休人员组织一次秋季旅行。根据“Since then”可知，句子时态用现在完成时，也可用现在完成进行时来表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去，主语为all government units, organizations and streets communities，助动词用have。故填have organized/have been organizing。 6．In the race, a drummer (use) a large traditional wooden drum to keep the paddlers on the beat, while a steersman in the back keeps them in their lane. 【答案】uses 【详解】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：在比赛中，鼓手用一个传统的大木鼓来保持桨手的节奏，而后面的舵手则让他们保持在自己的赛道上。根据该句中的谓语“keeps”可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时，该句主语是a drummer，为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填uses。 7．According to the latest data, the total area of China’s mangrove forests in 2020 (be) 289 square kilometers, and over 70 square kilometers of mangroves are newly planted and restored now. 【答案】was 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最新数据显示，2020年中国红树林总面积289平方公里，目前新种植和恢复的红树林面积超过70平方公里。空处作句子的谓语，结合“in 2020”可知，时态应用一般过去时，描述过去的状态，且主语the total area为单数，be动词应用was。故填was。 8．This ancient Chinese art, known as dragon scale bookbinding (装订), (stretch) back more than 1,000 years to the Tang dynasty. 【答案】stretches 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这种古老的中国艺术，被称为龙鳞装订，可以追溯到1000多年前的唐朝。空处作句子的谓语，此处描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，stretch back to意为“追溯到”，无被动语态，主语This ancient Chinese art为单数概念，stretch需用第三人称单数形式。故填stretches。 9．Now the local authorities (work) to standardize and modernize operations at the restaurants to turn the brand into a successful and safe food business worldwide. 【答案】are working 【详解】动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：现在，当地政府正在努力使这些餐厅的运营标准化和现代化，以使该品牌成为全球成功和安全的食品企业。设空处作谓语，根据句中的时间标志词Now和语境可知，谓语动词时态应用现在进行时。主语the local authorities是复数，与work之间是主动关系。故填are working。 10．With more knowledge (come) a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still. 【答案】comes 【详解】考查时态。句意：随着知识的增加，你会发现更深、更奇妙的奥秘，激励你往更深的地方看。本句中介词短语置于句首，句子使用完全倒装结构，主语为a deeper, more wonderful mystery，句子陈述事实，使用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。 11．Suddenly, a look of confusion (sweep) over her face. 【答案】swept 【详解】考查时态。句意：突然，她脸上掠过一种困惑的表情。结合语境可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填swept。 12．While we can’t guard against all misfortunes and diseases, getting to know some first aid skills (be) quite useful. 【答案】is 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然我们不能预防所有的不幸和疾病，但了解一些急救技能是非常有用的。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填is。 13．What (make) people moved is not the film itself but the heroes of the war years. 【答案】makes 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：让人感动的不是电影本身，而是战争年代的英雄们。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，What引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填makes。 14．The formation of each celadon (be) a process of life casting. Only after being burnt at around 1300℃ for 400 hours can it be made into an object. 【答案】is 【详解】考查时态及主谓一致。句意：每一件青瓷的形成都是一个生命铸造的过程。只有在1300℃左右燃烧400小时后，才能制成物体。根据后句中can be made以及本句句意可知，此句描述一般事实，故用一般现在时，主语是The formation of each celadon，be动词使用is。故填is。 15．There (be) some Chinese and three Americans in the travelling team. 【答案】are 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：旅行团中有一些中国人和三位美国人。空处是句子的谓语动词，句子描述的是一个现在的状态或事实，即旅行团当前的构成情况，应用一般现在时，此处构成“there be”结构，表示“有”，be 动词形式就近原则，应与就近主语“some Chinese ”保持一致，主语为复数意义，应用are。故填are。 16．Not only students but also their teacher (object) to the plan. 【答案】objects 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：不仅学生而且他们的老师也反对这个计划。此空为句子的谓语，结合句意可知，此处描述的是客观事实，所以此处使用一般现在时，object与句子主语Not only students but also their teacher之间为主动关系，且“not only…but also…”连接并列主语时，谓语动词单复数形式使用就近原则，所以，该句中谓语动词的单复数形式取决于their teacher，谓语动词应为objects。故填objects。 17．I think physics (be) much more useful than maths. 【答案】is 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：我认为物理比数学有用得多。think后为省略了that的宾语从句，空处为从句谓语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为physics，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。 18．The Chinese badminton team (be) playing magnificently. 【答案】is 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：中国羽毛球队打得很好。此处描述正在进行的动作，用现在进行时；team是集体名词，此处强调整体，用单数。故填is。 19．Playing baseball (be) Dale’s favourite sport. 【答案】is 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：打棒球是戴尔最喜欢的运动。句子描述喜好，用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，谓语动词用单数形式，be动词为is。故填is。 20．Neither of the two brothers (live)with their parents. 【答案】lives 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这两个兄弟都没有和他们的父母一起住。因句子描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时。neither of + 名词复数，后面的谓语动词用单数形式，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式，故填 lives。 21．Everyone except Tom and John (be) there when the meeting began. 【答案】was 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：会议开始时，除了汤姆和约翰以外，所有人都在那里。分析句子可知，设空处是句子的谓语部分，时间状语从句是一般过去时，此处应使用一般过去时，主语Everyone是第三人称单数形式，be动词应使用was。故填was。 22．About one third of the books worth reading. 这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。 【答案】are 【详解】考查时态及主谓一致。短语be worth doing意为“(某事)值得做”，该空为句子的谓语部分，所以应填系动词be，在陈述事实，应使用一般现在时，主语one third of the books为复数意义的名词，谓语动词使用复数形式。故填are。 23．The plan they paid much attention to (discuss) at tomorrow’s meeting. 【答案】will be discussed 【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：他们非常关注的计划将在明天的会议上讨论。该句中“they paid much attention to”为定语从句修饰主语the plan，此空为谓语动词，主语The plan和动词discuss之间是被动关系，根据时间状语为at tomorrow’s meeting可知，此处应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be discussed。 24．— Shall we go to the art exhibition this Sunday? — Good idea, but I (promise) to go to the library with my sister. 【答案】have promised 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——这个星期天我们去看艺术展好吗？——好主意，但是我已经答应和我妹妹一起去图书馆了。空处作句子的谓语，根据答语可知，回答者是在这段对话之前许诺了和妹妹去图书馆，对现在的影响是不能去艺术展，所以应用现在完成时，主语为I，助动词应用have。故填have promised。 25．Through storytelling, my children’s thinking skills a lot since they were 3 years old.(develop) 【答案】have developed 【详解】考查时态。句意：通过讲故事，我的孩子从3岁起，思维能力得到了很大的发展。根据since they were 3 years old可知，主句要用现在完成时。主语my children’s thinking skills是复数，谓语动词使用have developed。故填have developed。 26．So far some states in the USA (introduce) a new way to avoid this — Traffic School. 【答案】have introduced 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：到目前为止，美国的一些州已经引入了一种新的方法来避免这种情况——交通学校。根据时间状语So far可知，谓语动词introduce应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响。主语states为复数，主谓一致，故填have introduced。 27．While we (eat) breakfast, Claudio went upstairs to collect his things. 【答案】were eating 【详解】考查过去进行时。句意：我们吃早饭的时候，克劳迪奥上楼收拾东西去了。此处表示正在进行的动作，结合“went”可知，使用过去进行时，主语为we，be动词用were。故填were eating。 28．The farmer (harvest) crops in the field from  8 a.m. to 1 p.m. yesterday. 【答案】was harvesting 【详解】考查时态。句意：昨天，这位农民从早上8点到下午1点在田野里收割庄稼。根据时间状语from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m. yesterday可知，此处表示在过去的某一时间段内动作正在进行，用过去进行时，主语是The farmer，be动词用was。故填was harvesting。 29．— Why are you so busy the whole afternoon? — We (plan) to have a fashion show for poor children this Friday. 【答案】are planning 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——你为什么整个下午都这么忙? ——我们正在计划这个星期五为贫困儿童举办一场时装表演。根据“Why are you so busy the whole afternoon?”可知，此处询问下午这个时间段内正在做的事情，应用现在进行时，主语We是复数，be动词用are。故填are planning。 30．—Hello, is that James speaking? —Sorry, this is John. James (have) supper. 【答案】is having 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——你好，是詹姆斯吗？——对不起，我是约翰。詹姆斯正在吃晚饭。由“Sorry, this is John”可知，詹姆斯正在吃晚饭，空格处所在句子时态用现在进行时，主语James是单数，因此空格处是is having。故填is having。 B.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Language is sometimes written as a code so that people can communicate secrets. During 31 Second World War, the German Navy （海军）used a code to send messages. The British broke the code and 32 （learn） about many German plans. The Japanese also used a code to talk to 33 （they） ships at sea. It was called the Purple Code. Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it 34 （break）. In 1942 , the Americans began to use their own code to send 35 （secret）. A few Navajo（纳瓦在人）Indians made this code 36 （base） on their language, which only some American Indians spoke. The code described a few things the American army did. Only they could understand this code, so they went with the army as it fought against the Japanese. These Navajo soldiers promised 37 （keep） this code a secret, even though this could cause their 38 （die）. The Japanese never broke the code because they knew nothing 39 the Navajo language. And the code, 40 connected two languages, helped win the war in the Pacific. 【答案】31．the 32．learned/learnt 33．their 34．had been broken 35．secrets 36．based 37．to keep 38．deaths 39．about 40．which 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了二战时期不同国家使用的一些语言密码。 31．考查冠词。此处特指第二次世界大战，序数词前面要用定冠词 the。故填the。 32．考查时态。根据前文During the Second World War可知是过去发生的事情，所以此处用一般过去时learned/learnt。故填learned/learnt。 33．考查代词。此处表示日本人也用密码跟他们的船只交流，修饰名词ships应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 34．考查时态及语态。根据前文Although the Americans soon broke this code, the Japanese didn’t know it可知，美国人破解了密码，但日本人不知道密码已经被破解了。break动作发生在didn’t know之前，故本空应用过去完成时，且根据语境可知此处应用被动语态，故填 had been broken。 35．考查名词复数。根据语境可知美国人用密码传递秘密，秘密不可能是一个，应用复数 secrets。故填secrets。 36．考查过去分词。此处指一些纳瓦霍印第安人以他们的语言为基础创造了密码。be based on意为“以……为基础”，本空应用过去分词based。故填based。 37．考查不定式。promise to do sth. 意为“承诺做某事”，本空应用to keep作宾语。故填to keep。 38．考查名词复数。设空处作动词cause的宾语，并且被形容词性物主代词their修饰，所以用名词复数。故填deaths。 39．考查介词。根据语境可知，他们对纳瓦霍印第安人的语言一无所知。know nothing about...意为“对……一无所知”，本空应介词 about。故填about。 40．考查定语从句的关系词。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为the code, 关系词在从句中作主语，应用which。故填which。 二、语法与写作 41．A child and a man (正在海滩上散步，这时小孩发现了一个贝壳，并把它放在了自己的耳朵旁). （be doing sth. when...正在做某事，就在这时……） 【答案】were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear 【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句意：一个孩子和一个男人正在海滩上散步，这时小孩发现了一个贝壳，并把它放在了自己的耳朵旁。此句陈述过去的事情，用过去时态；“在海滩上散步”表达为动词短语walk on the beach，主语为A child and a man，谓语动词用复数，“正在海滩上散步”表达为过去进行时were walking on the beach；“发现”为动词find，“一个贝壳”为名词短语a shell，“把它放在了自己的耳朵旁”表达为hold it to his ear，it指代上文中的贝壳，find与hold并列用and连接，“这时小孩发现了一个贝壳，并把它放在了自己的耳朵旁”用一般过去时，表达为when the child found a shell and held it to his ear。故答案为：were walking on the beach when the child found a shell and held it to his ear。 42．She told me she (很难集中注意力) in class. (have trouble (in) doing sth.) 【答案】had trouble in concentrating/had trouble concentrating 【详解】考查动词、短语和时态。句意：她告诉我她在上课时很难集中注意力。“很难做某事”为have trouble (in) doing sth；“集中注意力”为动词concentrate；“很难集中注意力”表达为have trouble concentrating/have trouble in concentrating，have在that引导的宾语从句中作谓语，根据主句谓语以及句意可知此句陈述过去的事情，从句为一般过去时。故填had trouble in concentrating/had trouble concentrating。 43．A classmate told me she (看到我的朋友在聊天) with another girl in a café on Saturday afternoon. (see sb. doing) 【答案】had seen my friend chatting 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。句意：一个同学告诉我，她周六下午在一家咖啡馆看到我的朋友在和另一个女孩聊天。根据汉语提示和固定短语see sb. doing sth. (看到某人正在做某事)，表示“我的朋友”含义的表达为：my friends；表示“聊天”含义的表达为：chat，用现在分词形式作宾补。再根据时间状语on Saturday afternoon可知，此处是过去的时间点，表示过去的过去，所以要用过去完成时，即had done，所以此处要用had seen my friend chatting。故填had seen my friend chatting。 44． (无论我们是走路去学校，做作业，还是周末出去玩), we’re hardly out of each other’s sight. （whether... or...） 【答案】Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend 【详解】考查让步状语从句和时态。句意：无论我们是走路去学校，做作业，还是周末出去玩，我们几乎没有离开彼此的视线。根据汉语和英语提示，可知用whether... or...引导的让步状语从句，结合汉语可知从句时态是现在进行时，“我们走路去学校”为we’re walking to school，“做作业”为doing homework ，“周末出去玩”为hanging out at the weekend，三个并列的动作共用系动词，用副词just表示强调，故翻译为Whether we’re walking to school, doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend。 45． (你既对独立有新的渴望) and a continued need for your parents’ love and support. (both…and…引导并列结构) 【答案】You have both a new desire for independence 【详解】考查时态，连词和名词。句意：你既渴望独立，又持续需要父母的爱和支持。根据句意可知，句子描述客观情况，用一般现在时，表示“既……又……”用both…and，表示“对独立的新的渴望”用a new desire for independence。主语为you，动词用have。故填You have both a new desire for independence。 46．It has (证明是) a positive influence on the lives of many people. 【答案】 turned out 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：结果证明它对许多人的生活产生了积极的影响。根据提示的汉语，表示“证明是”应为动词短语turn out，空前有助动词has，所以该句使用的是现在完成时，所以第一空应使用过去分词turned，第二空为out。故填①turned②out。 47．He is referred to as a hypocrite (伪君子) because what he says what he does. (不相符) 【答案】is not consistent with/conflicts with 【详解】考查时态和短语。句意：他被称为伪君子，因为他言行不一。根据says可知，本句为一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语为单数。不相符为be nott consistent with或者conflict with。故填is not consistent with/conflicts with。 48．Mr. Smith in Beijing for 5 years. (现在已不在北京) 【答案】lived 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：史密斯先生在北京住了5年。根据汉语提示“现在已不在北京”可知，是过去住在北京，使用一般过去时，表示“居住”应用live。故填lived。 49．She said she would (出发) for Beijing next morning. 【答案】 set off 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：她说她明天早上就启程去北京。“出发”为动词短语set off，由情态动词would可知，动词set应用原形，构成过去将来时，故填set off。 50．Their faith and courage (帮助他们渡过难关) at last. 【答案】 carried them through 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：他们的信念和勇气使他们最终度过了难关。根据汉语提示可知短语为carry sb. through，结合语境可知发生在过去，用一般过去时。故填carried them through。 【能力提升】 阅读理解 A Wilderness Explorers Center Guide Welcome to the Wilderness Explorers Center, your gateway to the adventure of nature's wonders! With engaging exhibits, wildlife sightseeing, and natural activities, there's something for everyone to enjoy. Discover Nature's Treasures Don't miss the chance to explore our Nature Gift Shop, located near the entrance of the Wilderness Explorers Center. Here, you'll discover a delightful array of eco-friendly gifts, educational books, and unique handicrafts inspired by the natural world. Enjoy at Forest Café After a day of exploration, fuel your energy at the Forest Café. Indulge in a selection of delicious snacks, sandwiches, and beverages sourced from local ingredients. Whether you're craving a refreshing drink or a heart y meal, the Forest Café is the perfect spot to relax and unwind. Ensure the Accessibility Ensuring that every visitor can fully enjoy their experience is our top priority. That's why we offer wheelchair and stroller rentals at the entrance, making it easy for everyone to explore our center comfortably. Our staff are also available to ensure that all guests feel welcome. Support the Conservation Join us in our mission to protect and preserve the natural world for future generations. Your support plays a crucial role in our conservation efforts. Click our website here to learn more about how you can get involved, from donating to becoming a member of our conservation community. Together, we can make a difference in safeguarding the beauty of our planet. 1．Where can you buy a gift at Wilderness Explorers Center? A．Near the tranquil pond. B．At the Forest Café. C．Near the main entrance. D．Next to the educational exhibits. 2．What services are available for visitors with special needs? A．Rental of wheelchairs and strollers. B．Guided tours of the forest trails. C．Access to wildlife viewing areas. D．Participation in conservation workshops. 3．Where might the text be taken from? A．A brochure. B．A magazine. C．A website. D．A textbook. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于荒野探险家中心的介绍，包括在这里可以做的事情以及相关服务等。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Don't miss the chance to explore our Nature Gift Shop, located near the entrance of the Wilderness Explorers Center(不要错过探索我们自然礼品店的机会，该店位于荒野探险者中心入口附近)”可知，可以在荒野探险家中心入口附近购买礼物，故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“That's why we offer wheelchair and stroller rentals at the entrance, making it easy for everyone to explore our center comfortably(这就是为什么我们在入口处提供轮椅和婴儿车租赁服务，让每个人都能舒适地探索我们的中心)”可知，为有特殊需求的游客提供轮椅和婴儿车租赁服务，故选A项。 3．推理判断题。文章最后提到“Click our website here to learn more about how you can get involved(点击此处访问我们的网站，了解更多关于您如何参与的方式)”，由此可推断这篇文章可能来自一个网站，故选C项。 B Emily, a 14-year-old teenager, walked through her town one afternoon. Her eyes were drawn to the sight of people without homes on street corners, trembling (颤抖) against the chill. It was a scene that stirred something deep within her — a desire to make a difference, no matter how small. Emily decided to turn her love of baking into a force for good. She whipped (搅打) cream, mixed flour, and baked cookies and cakes in her family kitchen. With the support of her friends and family, she set up a colorful stall in her bustling neighborhood, offering her homemade treats to passersby in exchange for donations. The response was overwhelming. People were not only touched by Emily's handmade cookies but also inspired by her spirit. Before long, donations were pouring in. In just a few short weeks, Emily had raised over $1,000 — a symbol of one's kindness to ignite a community's generosity. But Emily's heart was set on doing even more. Inspired by the success of her bake sale, she came up with the idea of organizing a charity run. A community-wide event that would bring people together in support of a common cause. She reached out to local businesses and called for volunteers to help her realize the project. On the day of the charity run, participants ran under the clear, open sky, and the running campaign raised over $5,000 for the local homeless shelter. For Emily, the true reward lay not in the dollars raised or the miles run but in the knowledge that she had touched the hearts of her community and shown that even the smallest act of kindness can make a difference to the world. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Emily offered the homeless treats for free. B．Emily raised $5,000 from her bake sale. C．Emily received support from local businesses. D．Emily's charity run was held in an indoor gym. 5．What motivated Emily to organize a charity run? A．The success of her bakery sale. B．The inspiration from her family. C．The encouragement from her neighbors. D．Her passion for running. 6．Which of the following can best describe Emily? A．Kind and active. B．Energetic and creative. C．Smart and ambitious. D．Happy and generous. 7．What is the best title of the text? A．Community Together: Many Hands, Light Work B．Sweet Victory: Emily's Bake Sale Success C．Light in Darkness: Emily's Run to Help D．Spreading Goodness: Emily's Charitable Acts 【答案】4．C 5．A 6．A 7．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了 14 岁的少女艾米莉为帮助无家可归者所做的努力，包括举办烘焙义卖和组织慈善跑步活动等。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“She reached out to local businesses and called for volunteers to help her realize the project.（她联系当地企业并呼吁志愿者帮助她实现这个项目。）”可知，艾米莉得到了当地企业的支持，故选C项。 5．细节理解题。根据第四段“Inspired by the success of her bake sale, she came up with the idea of organizing a charity run.（受到烘焙义卖成功的启发，她想出了组织慈善跑步的主意。）”可知，是烘焙义卖的成功激励她组织慈善跑步，故选A项。 6．推理判断题。根据第一段“Her eyes were drawn to the sight of people without homes on street corners, trembling(颤抖) against the chill. It was a scene that stirred something deep within her—a desire to make a difference, no matter how small.(她的目光被街角无家可归者的景象所吸引，他们在寒风中颤抖。这一幕深深触动了她——无论多么小的改变，她都渴望去做。)”和第二段“Emily decided to turn her love of baking into a force for good.(Emily决定将她对烘焙的热爱转化为做善事的力量。)”以及第四段“On the day of the charity run, participants ran under the clear, open sky, and the running campaign raised over $5,000 for the local homeless shelter.(在慈善跑那天，参与者在晴朗开阔的天空下奔跑，跑步活动为当地的流浪者收容所筹集了超过5000美元。)”可知，Emily是一个善良且积极行动的人，故选A项。 7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Her eyes were drawn to the sight of people without homes on street corners, trembling(颤抖) against the chill. It was a scene that stirred something deep within her—a desire to make a difference, no matter how small.( 她的目光被那些无家可归的人所吸引，他们站在街角，在寒风中颤抖。这一场景唤醒了她内心深处的某种东西——一种无论多么微小，也要做出改变的渴望。)”、第三段“The response was overwhelming. People were not only touched by Emily's handmade cookies but also inspired by her spirit.( 反响非常热烈。人们不仅被艾米丽的手工饼干所打动，还受到了她精神的鼓舞)”以及最后一段“For Emily, the true reward lay not in the dollars raised or the miles run but in the knowledge that she had touched the hearts of her community and shown that even the smallest act of kindness can make a difference to the world.( 对艾米丽来说，真正的奖励不在于筹集了多少钱，也不在于跑了多少英里，而在于她知道自己触动了社区人民的心，并展示了即使是再小的善举也能改变世界)”可知，全文主要讲述了艾米莉的一系列慈善行为，D 选项“传播善良：艾米莉的慈善行为”最能概括文章主旨，故选D项。 C Do I think the sky is falling? Sort of. My husband and I were recently in Egypt, where the temperature was a bit warm for my tiny princess self. So, we left Egypt. Back home, my dearest friends struggled with health stuff, with family craziness… The game of life is hard, and a lot of us are playing hurt. I ache for the world but naturally I’m mostly watching the Me Movie, where balance and strength are beginning to fail. What can we do as the creaking elevator of age slowly arrives? The main solution is to get outside every day, ideally with friends. Old friends even thoughts of them-are my comfort. Recently I was walking along a beach with Neshama. We go back 50 years. She is 84, short and strong. Every so often, she bent down somewhat tentatively (踌躇地) and picked up small items into a small cloth bag. “What are you doing?” “I’m picking up micro litter. I try to help where I can.” I reminded her of an old story. A great warhorse comes upon a tiny sparrow (麻雀) lying on its back with its feet in the air, eyes tightly shut with effort. The horse asks it what it’s doing. “I’m trying to help hold back the darkness.” The horse laughs loudly, “That is so funny. What do you weigh?” And the sparrow replies, “One does what one can.” This is what older age means. We do what we can. We continued our walk. Neshama bent tentatively to pick up bits of litter and started to slip, but I caught her and we laughed. We are so physically weak in older age, but friendship makes it all a rowing machine for the soul. We can take it, as long as we feel and give love, and laugh gently at ourselves as we fall apart. We know by a certain age the great lies in our life—if you do or achieve this or that, you will be happy and rich. Love and service make us rich. 8．What contributes most to making the author happy at present? A．Watching movies. B．Meeting old friends. C．Traveling in Egypt. D．Walking on the beach. 9．What does the sparrow serve as in the text? A．Neshama’s fear. B．Neshama’s dream. C．The author’s approval. D．The author’s doubt. 10．Which of the following words can best describe the personality of Neshama? A．Determined and helpful. B．Responsible and caring. C．Narrow-minded but friendly. D．Bad-tempered but supportive. 11．What is the true meaning of happiness for the author? A．Staying with families. B．Being rich and healthy. C．Doing what one can. D．Living a comfortable life. 【答案】8．B 9．C 10．B 11．C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍了作者通过自身和朋友Neshama的经历反思老年生活的意义， 强调友情、爱和服务的力量超越物质追求。 8．细节理解题。根据第四段“The main solution is to get outside every day, ideally with friends. Old friends even thoughts of them-are my comfort.(主要的解决办法是每天出去走走，最好是和朋友一起。老朋友，甚至想到他们，都是我的安慰)”可知，在现阶段的生活中，作者从与老朋友的相聚中获得最大的幸福感。故选B。 9．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“This is what older age means. We do what we can.(这就是老年的含义。我们做我们能做的)”可知，文中提及麻雀是为了表达认同Neshama捡拾垃圾这个小行为的价值。原文提到麻雀说“One does what one can.(做自己能做的事)”与文章结尾相呼应，显示作者赞成尽自己所能去行动。故选C。 10．推理判断题。根据第六段“I’m picking up micro litter. I try to help where I can.(我在捡微型垃圾。我尽我所能帮他人)”可推知，Neshama是有责任心和关心他人的。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This is what older age means. We do what we can.(这就是老年的含义。我们做我们能做的)”以及最后一段“We know by a certain age the great lies in our life—if you do or achieve this or that, you will be happy and rich. Love and service make us rich.(我们知道，到了一定的年龄，我们生活中的伟大之处就在于——如果你做到或实现了这一点或那一点，你就会幸福而富有。爱和服务使我们富有)”可知，作者认为在老年时期， 爱与服务让人生获得富足，做自己能做的事，这才是快乐的意义。故选C。 D A Japanese candy company has been making national news headlines for its idea to produce gummy candy (软糖) that tastes like an “imaginary fruit” called Kiraspika. Last year was a great one for gummy candy producers, and the market continued to expand throughout 2023, with fruit-flavored (水果味的) gummies being the most popular. There are plenty of fruit flavors to choose from, but companies are still limited to the fruits that can be found in our world. However, what if someone started making candy that tastes like imaginary fruits? That was the strange idea that a Japanese sweets maker recently came up with. Two months ago, the company created a new type of gummy candy that tastes like fruit “Kiraspika no Mi”, an imaginary fruit with an original flavor, design, and even a story. According to the story, the star-shaped Kiraspika only grows in the mountainous area of Blue Knife, where temperatures drop to —50℃ in winter. It is very difficult to get. Everything about Kiraspika was invented in the fruit lab where its flavor experts mixed various existing flavors to create a totally original one that tastes like nothing you’ve ever eaten. According to its designers, the Kiraspika-flavored gummy candy has a unique sweetness mixed with a kind of sourness (酸味), but many of those who have tried it have their own description of the taste. To some, the Kiraspika flavor can be compared to that of an energy drink, while others say it tastes a bit like a spicy apple. It is the mystery of the flavor and the personal explanations that make this product liked by many people. 12．What does the underlined word “expand” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Disappear. B．Shorten. C．Struggle. D．Grow. 13．What is a feature of Kiraspika? A．It can’t be found in real life. B．It grows on the plain. C．It can be planted easily. D．It needs high temperatures. 14．What makes the new type of gummy candy popular? A．Its shape. B．Its taste. C．Its origin. D．Its designer. 15．Where does this text probably come from? A．A news report. B．A health magazine. C．A biology book. D．An old story. 【答案】12．D 13．A 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了一家日本糖果公司制作出了一种味道像虚构水果“Kiraspika”的软糖，并且这种软糖受到了很多人的喜爱。 12．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“Last year was a great one for gummy candy producers, with fruit-flavored(水果味的)gummies being the most popular.”（去年对于软糖生产商来说是个好年头，其中水果味的软糖最受欢迎。）可推知，市场在2023年持续扩大。expand的意思是“扩大”。故选D。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Two months ago, the company created a new type of gummy candy that tastes like fruit “Kiraspika no Mi”, an imaginary fruit with an original flavor, design, and even a story.”（两个月前，这家公司创造了一种新型的软糖，味道像一种名为“Kiraspika no Mi”的虚构水果，这种水果有原创的味道、设计甚至故事。）可推知，Kiraspika是一种虚构的水果，不能在现实生活中找到。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is the mystery of the flavor and the personal explanations that make this product liked by many people.”（正是这种味道的神秘性和个人的解释使得这种产品受到了许多人的喜爱。）可推知，新型软糖受欢迎的原因是其味道。故选B。 15．推理判断题。主要讲述了一家日本糖果公司制作出了一种味道像虚构水果“Kiraspika”的软糖，并且这种软糖受到了很多人的喜爱。所以短文来自新闻报道。故选A。 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$