精品解析：陕西省延安市富县2022-2023学年八年级下学期期末质量监测英语试题

八年级期末学科素养监测 英语 注意事项： 1. 全卷满分120分，答题时间为120分钟。 2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。 第一部分（听力 共30分） Ⅰ. 听选答案（共15小题，计20分） 第一节：听下面10 段对话，每段对话后有一个问题，读两遍。请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的三个选项中选出最恰当的一项。（共10小题，计10分） 1. A. Tina's father. B. Tina's mother. C. Tina. 2. A. Nervous. B. Happy. C. Excited. 3. A. Washing the clothes. B. Doing the dishes. C. Sweeping the floor. 4. A. To do housework. B. To go shopping. C. To read books. 5. A. She was watching TV. B. She was talking on the phone. C. She was reading. 6. A. About 6,000. B. About 60,000. C. About 600,000. 7. A. It was rainy. B. It was sunny. C. It was windy. 8. A. For two months. B. For two years. C. For two weeks. 9. A. In two days. B. In two weeks. C. In two months. 10. A. To the art museum. B. To the history museum. C. To the space museum. 第二节：听下面两段对话，每段对话后有几道小题，请根据对话的内容，从题目所给的三个选项中选出所给问题的最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。（共5小题，计10分） 听第11段对话，回答第11、12小题。 11. What's the boy's favorite cartoon star? A. Mickey Mouse. B. Monkey King. C. Sponge Bob. 12. How often does the girl watch Mickey Mouse? A. Twice a week. B. Four times a week. C. Every day. 听第12段对话，回答第13至15小题。 13. Which river is 113 kilometers long? A. The Yangtze River. B. The Huangpu River. C. The Suzhou River. 14. How many bridges over the Huangpu River are very famous? A. Two. B. Three. C. Many. 15. When is the best time to enjoy the views along the river? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. Ⅱ. 听填信息（共5小题，计10分） 本题你将听到一段独白，读两遍。请根据独白内容，用所听到的单词或短语完成下列各题。（每空不超过三个单词。） 16. The Great Wall is one of ________ places in China. 17. It's a wonderful experience to ________ the wall. 18. The wall is known for its long ________. 19. The parts from the Ming Dynasty is 8,850 kilometers long ________. 20. Over 2,000 years ago, people built the first part in order to ________ the central areas. 第二部分（笔试 共90分） Ⅲ. 完形填空（共20小题，计20分） 第一节： 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 It seems that everywhere around the world people are spending more time at work and less time with their families and friends. People are ___1___ than ever before! In the past in many countries, the father worked and the mother ___2___ home, took care of the children, and did the food shopping, cooking, and cleaning. Nowadays in many families, both parents work, so they both have to do the shopping, cooking, and cleaning in ___3___ free time. So parents ___4___ have as much time with their children as they used to have in the past. These days, many children come home from school to ___5___ empty house. A lot of children spend ___6___ hours each day in front of the television. Even when families are together, it is common for family members ___7___ things by themselves. For example, they watch programs on different TVs in different ___8___; they use the Internet; they talk with friends on the telephone; and they do other things. Isn’t it strange? Thanks to technology, people are able to communicate so ___9___ with people far away, but sometimes they don’t communicate as well as before with people in their own homes. Is this the same ___10___ your country? What’s your opinion about this? 1. A. busier B. busiest C. the busiest D. busy 2. A. stay B. stayed C. will stay D. has stayed 3. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 4. A. do B. don’t C. does D. doesn’t 5 A. a B. an C. the D. / 6. A. many B. much C. few D. little 7. A. do B. doing C. to do D. done 8. A. school B. schools C. room D. rooms 9. A. loud B. loudly C. easy D. easily 10. A. in B. on C. at D. with 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了随着科技和社会的发展，人们与家人及朋友的交流时间更少了。 【1题详解】 句意：人们比以往任何时候都忙！ busier更忙的，形容词比较级；busiest形容词最高级；the busiest定冠词the+形容词最高级；busy原级。根据“than”可知，空处用比较级。故选A。 【2题详解】 句意：过去在许多国家，父亲工作，母亲待在家里，照顾孩子，购物，做饭，打扫卫生。 stay待，动词原形；stayed动词过去式或过去分词；will stay一般将来时；has stayed现在完成时。根据“In the past in many countries”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。 【3题详解】 句意：现在很多家庭，父母都工作，所以他们在空闲时间都得购物，做饭，打扫卫生。 they他们，主格代词；them宾格代词；their形容词性物主代词；theirs名词性物主代词。此处修饰名词短语free time，用形容词性物主代词。故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：所以父母没有以前那么多的时间和孩子们在一起。 do助动词do的原形；don’t助动词do的否定式；does助动词do的三单形式；doesn’t助动词does的否定式。根据“so they both have to do the shopping, cooking, and cleaning in ... free time.”可知，此处是指现在父母没有以前那么多时间和孩子们在一起，主语是parents，为复数，否定用助动词don’t。故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：如今，许多孩子从学校回到家里时是一个空荡荡房子。 a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头单词前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头单词前；the表特指；/零冠词。此处泛指一个空荡荡的房子，且empty是元音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词an表示。故选B。 【6题详解】 句意：许多孩子每天花很多时间在电视机前。 many许多的，修饰可数名词复数；much许多的，修饰不可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据“A lot of children spend ... hours each day in front of the television”可知，是指现在很多孩子花很多时间在电视机前，修饰可数名词复数hours，用many。故选A。 7题详解】 句意：甚至当家人在一起时，家庭成员们自己做事也是常见的。 do做，动词原形；doing动名词或现在分词；to do动词不定式；done过去分词。固定句型it is+形容词+to do sth“做某事是怎样的”，空处用不定式作主语。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：他们在不同的房间里看不同的电视节目。 school学校，名词单数；schools名词复数；room房间，名词单数；rooms名词复数。根据“they watch programs on different TVs”可知，是在房间里看电视节目，且different后跟名词复数。故选D。 【9题详解】 句意：多亏了科技，人们能够如此容易地与远方的人交流，但有时他们与自己家里的人交流不如从前。 loud大声的，形容词；loudly大声地，副词；easy容易的，形容词；easily容易地，副词。根据“Thanks to technology”可知，科技让人们与远方的人很容易地交流，修饰动词communicate，用副词形式。故选D。 【10题详解】 句意：你们国家也是这样吗？ in在里面；on在上面；at在；with和。根据“your country”可知，此处是指在你们国家，应用介词in。故选A。 第二节： 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 There was a time when people didn’t have to work for food. When they got ___11___, they just reached up to the sky, broke off a piece, and ate it. One day, the sky was angry ___12___ people took far more than they could eat. He said to the king, “Oba! If your people keep wasting ___13___ gifts, I won’t give away gifts to you.” Oba was afraid, He made a (n) ___14___ and told his people to eat the sky only when they were hungry. And for a long time that was what they did. Then there came a great festival. People danced and celebrated ___15___ many days. One night, a woman ___16___ a big piece of sky home. However, she was too ___17___ to finish it. She asked her family to share it, but they were all full, too. ___18___, she had to throw it away. The sky shouted, “Oba! I’m leaving and going far away.” “How will the people live?” Oba asked. “All of you must learn to work for food,” the sky answered. “Maybe then you’ll ___19___ why you shouldn’t waste.” From that day on, all the people worked to have ___20___ and the sky was far away just as it’s today. 11. A. tired B. upset C. excited D. hungry 12. A. if B. because C. though D. unless 13. A. my B. your C. his D. her 14. A. event B. habit C. notice D. e-mail 15. A. in B. for C. since D. from 16. A. carried B. threw C. bought D. blew 17. A. busy B. shy C. scared D. full 18. A. Truly B. Luckily C. Finally D. Happily 19. A. choose B. understand C. point D. forget 20. A. money B. time C. water D. food 【答案】11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，主要讲述了人和天空的故事，告诉我们：我们为什么不应该浪费。 【11题详解】 句意：当他们饿了的时候，他们就把手伸向天空，掰下一块，吃了起来。 tired疲惫的；upset沮丧的；excited兴奋的；hungry饿的。根据“they just reached up to the sky, broke off a piece, and ate it.”可知，此处指的是当他们饿了的时候。故选D。 【12题详解】 句意：有一天，天空很生气，因为人们拿的远远超过了他们能吃的。 if如果；because因为；though虽然；unless除非。根据分析句子“the sky was angry…people took far more than they could eat.”可知，前后是因果关系，所以此处应该填入because，从属连词，引导原因状语从句。故选B。 【13题详解】 句意：他对国王说：“奥巴！如果你的人继续浪费我的礼物，我不会把礼物送给你。” my我的；your你的；his他的；her她的。根据“I won’t give away gifts to you.”可知，此处指的是天空的礼物，说话者是天空，所以填入my，形容词性物主代词，作定语，修饰限定名词gifts，意为“我的”符合语境。故选A。 【14题详解】 句意：奥巴很害怕，他做了一个通知，告诉他的人民只有在饿的时候才能吃天。 event事件；habit习惯；notice通知；e-mail邮件。根据“told his people to eat the sky only when they were hungry.”结合选项可知，此处指的是他做了一个通知。故选C。 【15题详解】 句意：人们跳舞庆祝了很多天。 in在……里；for对于；since自从；from来自。根据“many days”可知，此处填入for，后跟时间段。故选B。 【16题详解】 句意：一天晚上，一个女人带着一大块天空回家。 carried携带；threw投；bought买；blew吹。根据“a big piece of sky home”可知，此处指的是带着一大块天空回家。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：然而，她吃得太饱了，吃不完。 busy忙碌的；shy害羞的；scared害怕的；full饱的，满的。根据后文“She asked her family to share it, but they were all full, too.”可知，此处是指她吃得太饱了，吃不完。故选D。 【18题详解】 句意：最后，她不得不把它扔掉。 Truly真实地；Luckily幸运地；Finally最后；Happily开心地。根据“she had to throw it away.”可知，此处应该填入Finally，副词，修饰整个句子，意为“最后”符合语境。故选C。 【19题详解】 句意：“也许那时你会明白为什么你不应该浪费。” choose选择；understand理解；point指出；forget忘记。根据前文“‘All of you must learn to work for food,’ the sky answered.”可知，此处是指到那个时候就会明白为什么不应该浪费。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：从那一天起，所有的人都为了有食物而工作，天空就像今天一样遥远。 money钱；time时间；water水；food食物。根据前文“‘All of you must learn to work for food,’ the sky answered.”可知，此处指的是为了有食物而工作。故选D。 Ⅳ. 阅读理解（共15小题，计20分） 第一节：阅读下面A、B. C三篇材料，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。（共10小题，计15分） A 21. Where can you read the page? A. In a travel guide. B. In a magazine. C. In a history book. D. In a newspaper. 22. How many countries are mentioned (被提及) in the book? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 23. If you want to know the important holidays, which page should you turn to? A. 18. B. 116. C. 168. D. 184. 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是展示了一份欧洲旅行的指南的目录。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A Travel Guide to Eurpoe”可知，本文主要是展示了一份欧洲旅行的指南的目录，所以我们能从一份旅行指南里读到这一页。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Part 3: Recommended things to see下内容“Ch. 9: France…Ch. 10:Italy… Ch. 11: England…Ch. 12: Germany…Ch. 13: Spain…”可知，书中提到了5个国家。故选D。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Part 4: Helpful things to consider下内容“Ch. 16: Important holidays…………184”可知，如果你想知道重要的节日，你应该翻到184页。故选D。 B Living things live in any environment where they can meet their needs. A living thing’s environment includes all the living and nonliving things in a place. They can get what they need from their environment. Their parts can also help them get what they need. Most plants need the same things to live. They need water, light, food and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳). There are carbon dioxide in the air. They must get all these things in their environment. Most plants have roots, stems and leaves. Each part of a plant helps it to live. Roots get water and food from the ground. Stems carry food and water through the plant. Leaves get sunlight and carbon dioxide. Animals also need many different things to live. They need water, food for energy, and oxygen (氧气) from the air or water. An animal’s body parts help it to live in its environment. Legs or wings help it move. Teeth or beaks (鸟嘴) help it eat. Many animals have lungs (肺) to get oxygen from the air. Fish use gills (鳃) to get oxygen from water. Other animal parts help keep them safe. They might also use their parts to help build homes. For example, birds use their beaks to build their homes. That’s how plants and animals get what they need. It’s true that there is a close relationship between living things and their environment. Plants and animals are great. They all have their own way to get what they need. 24. The passage mentions some animal body parts EXCEPT ________. A. legs B. teeth C. hearts D. lungs 25. What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the second paragraph? A. Living things. B. Most plants. C. Most leaves. D. Most animals. 26. What functions (功能) do the birds’ beaks have according to the third paragraph? a. eating food b. flying c. building homes d. breathing air A. a; c B. a; d C. b; c D. b; d 27. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How plants grow. B. How animals use their body parts. C. How important the environment is. D. How plants and animals get what they need. 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了植物和动物如何得到它们所需要的东西。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据“ An animal’s body parts help it to live in its environment. Legs or wings help it move. Teeth or beaks (鸟嘴) help it eat. Many animals have lungs (肺) to get oxygen from the air. Fish use gills (鳃) to get oxygen from water.”可知，文中提及了动物的腿，翅膀，牙齿或喙，肺，鳃。没有提及心脏。故选C。 【25题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Most plants need the same things to live. They need water, light, food and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳).”可知，此处代词“They”指代前句中的大多数植物“Most plants”。故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Teeth or beaks (鸟嘴) help it eat.”和“For example, birds use their beaks to build their homes.”可知，鸟类用鸟嘴来进食，也可以帮助建造家园。故选A。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“That’s how plants and animals get what they need.”以及阅读全文可知，本文讲述了植物和动物如何得到它们所需要的东西。故选D。 C A farmer had a very big rabbit and a smart dog. He didn’t know which he liked better. One day, he organized a competition between his dog and his rabbit. He made a hole in his field, and hid a carrot and a bone (骨头) in it. He wanted to see which animal would find them first. He wanted to know the answer. The rabbit was very excited and he was busy looking for the carrot. He was completely sure that he would find the carrot and the bone. But the dog wasn’t optimistic (乐观的) at all. After he looked for the bone for a short time, he lay down sadly. And then he began to complain. He thought it was difficult for him to find one bone in such a big field. The rabbit kept on working hard. When there was no place in the whole field left to dig, the rabbit dug a tunnel (隧道) to right under where the dog was lying all that time. There he found the carrot and the bone. And this is how the dog lost the competition. In fact, he found the right place at the very beginning. But he failed to find the bone because he only complained and didn’t try at all. When we do something difficult in our life, we should learn from the rabbit. 28. What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “complain”? A. 庆贺 B. 抱怨 C. 期待 D. 筹备 29. Why did the rabbit win the competition? A. Because it was lucky. B. Because the farmer let it win. C. Because it worked hard. D. Because the dog got ill. 30. What might be the ending of the story? A. The rabbit would got more love than the dog. B. The farmer would drive the dog away from his farm. C. The rabbit would refuse to be friends with the dog. D. The farmer would feel sad about the result of the competition. 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲农夫的兔子和狗在找胡萝卜和骨头的过程中表现的不同的态度，说明我们应该向兔子学习，不要抱怨，要去不停的尝试。 【28题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“But the dog wasn’t optimistic (乐观的) at all. After he looked for the bone for a short time, he lay down sadly.”可知，狗对于寻找胡萝卜这件事是不乐观的，找了一会就悲伤地躺了下来。可推知划线词是贬义词，complain“抱怨”符合。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The rabbit kept on working hard...There he found the carrot and the bone.”可知，是因为兔子非常努力。故选C。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据“He didn’t know which he liked better.”和通读全文可知，狗没有找到骨头，却只是抱怨，根本没有尝试。而兔子一直在努力寻找，不停地常识，因此农夫最终会更爱兔子一些。故选A。 第二节： 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Travelling is one of the most important activities and people have been interested in it for many years. Modern traffic develops fast, so travelling to different places has become much faster than before. Staying healthy while travelling can make your trip happier. ____31____ The following information may be useful to you. Before leaving Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and sunglasses. ____32____ They can be used when you get sick or have other problems. Exercise for weeks or months before you leave if you plan to do lots of walking or climbing during your trip. ____33____ Before you prepare the food, the first thing you need to think about is how long you will travel with the food. If you take a long trip, you should bring food such as bread, biscuits and some fruit. They don’t go bad quickly. The nearer people can bring meat, fish, eggs, milk and even salad and vegetables. While travelling Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit. Have enough time to take a rest during your trip. Tap water (自来水) is not safe. ____34____ Keep food in good condition. If you take hot food, you should try to keep it hot. For example, you can put it in heavy towels. If you need to keep cold food cold, you can put cold food in a box with ice. ____35____ Remember: If you travel with food, keep hot food hot and cold food cold. A. Prepare proper food. B. It’s important to have a better plan. C. Take some necessary medicines with you. D. So you’d better drink bottled water and always clean the cover on the bottle. E. Travelling by plane is fast but very expensive. F. When you arrive, put cold food in the fridge. G. But do you know how to keep healthy during a trip? 【答案】31. G 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. F 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旅行中保持健康的一些方法。 【31题详解】 根据“The following information may be useful to you.”及全文内容可知，此处作者应引出文章主题，与旅行中保持健康相关。选项G“但是您知道如何在旅行中保持健康吗？”符合语境。故选G。 【32题详解】 根据“They can be used when you get sick or have other problems.”可知，此处应是建议携带能够治病的物品。选项C“带上一些必要的药品。”符合语境。故选C。 【33题详解】 根据“Before you prepare the food, the first thing you need to think about is how long you will travel with the food”可知，此处应是与准备食物有关的建议。选项A“准备适当的食物。”符合语境。故选A。 【34题详解】 根据“Tap water (自来水) is not safe.”可知，此处应是与饮用水有关的建议，选项D“因此，您最好饮用瓶装水，并经常清洁瓶盖。”符合语境。故选D。 【35题详解】 根据“If you need to keep cold food cold, you can put cold food in a box with ice.”可知，此处应是介绍保存冷食的方法。选项F“到达后，将冷食放入冰箱。”符合语境。故选F。 V. 完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。（共5小题，计10分） 36. Jenny有一个甜美的嗓音，她歌唱得很好。 Jenny has a sweet ________ and she sings very well. 【答案】voice 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处考查“嗓音”，voice“嗓音”，have a sweet voice表示“嗓音甜美”。故填voice。 37. 据我所知，Jim将外出三个月。 ________, Jim will be away for three months. 【答案】As far as I know 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，本题考查“据我所知”的表达，as far as I know“据我所知”为固定搭配，在句中作状语，且位于位首时第一个字母应大写。故填As far as I know。 38. 我们不应该总是依靠父母。 We shouldn’t always ________ our parents. 【答案】depend on##rely on 【解析】 【详解】rely on sb或depend on sb均意为“依靠某人” ，为固定搭配；情态动词shouldn’t后跟动词原形，故填depend/rely on。 39. 这个房间充满了孩子们的欢笑声。 This room is ________ children’s laughter. 【答案】full of##filled with 【解析】 【详解】根据中英文对比可知，缺少“充满了”，英文表达是be full of/filled with。故填full of/filled with。 40. 昨天她清理了她所有壁橱里的旧衣服。 She ________ all her old clothes from the closet yesterday. 【答案】cleared out 【解析】 【详解】clear out“清理”，动词短语；根据“yesterday”可知，本句一般过去时，动词需用过去式。故填cleared out。 Ⅵ. 短文填空： 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。） make what page care or usual shop I think about Do you like shopping on the Internet? I like to buy books online. ___41___, the price isn’t very high. You don’t have to pay a lot. When I want to know something ___42___ a book, I post messages to the online shopkeeper for an answer. I am shy. It is difficult for ___43___ to talk to the shopkeepers in real shops. Sometimes online shops have pictures of the book. They can show me some ___44___ of the book. I can get more information about the book. I ___45___ this is very helpful. I don’t like to read books in shops because the shopkeepers may often come and talk to me. I don’t know ___46___ to say to them. I can shop at midnight if I want to. Real shops may close as early as at eight o'clock in the evening. Some people may worry that the postmen may lose ___47___ damage (毁坏) the things they buy from online shops, but I don’t worry about that. I think most of the postmen are very ___48___. Some people say that ___49___ in real shops is good because you go with your friends and look at many different things. They call this window shopping. I don’t have any friends and I don’t like to talk too much—it ___50___ me tired. 【答案】41. Usually 42. about 43. me 44. pages 45. think 46. what 47. or 48. careful 49. shopping 50. makes 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了网购和实体店购物的优缺点。 【41题详解】 句意：通常，价格不是很高。空处在句中作状语，结合备选词可知，usual符合，应用其副词形式usually“通常”，句首首字母大写。故填Usually。 【42题详解】 句意：当我想知道关于一本书的一些事情时，我给网上店主发信息寻求答案。根据“know something...a book”可知，此处是指了解关于一本书的事情，about“关于”符合语境。故填about。 【43题详解】 句意：对我来说，在真正的商店里与店主交谈是困难的。for sb.表示“对于某人”，介词后跟代词宾格me表示“我”，与主语I一致。故填me。 【44题详解】 句意：他们可以给我看几页书。根据“Sometimes online shops have pictures of the book. They can show me some...of the book. ”可知，此处是指看看书的一些页数，page“页”，some后跟名词复数pages。故填pages。 【45题详解】 句意：我认为这很有帮助。根据“I...this is very helpful.”结合备选词可知，此处是指作者认为很有帮助，think“认为”，主语是I，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。故填think。 【46题详解】 句意：我不知道该对他们说什么。空处作动词宾语，结合备选词可知，what“什么”符合。what to do“做什么”。故填what。 【47题详解】 句意：有些人可能会担心邮递员可能会丢失或损坏他们从网上商店购买的东西，但我不担心。“lose”和“damage”之间是选择关系，需用or连接。故填or。 　　　　　　 【48题详解】 句意：我想大多数邮递员都很小心。根据“I don’t worry about that.”可知，不担心是认为邮递员很小心，be动词后跟形容词careful“小心的”作表语。故填careful。 【49题详解】 句意：有些人说，在真正的商店购物很好，因为你和你的朋友一起去，看到很多不同的东西。分析句子可知，空处作主语，结合“in real shops is good”可知，是指在真正的商店购物，shop“购物”，应用其动名词形式shopping。故填shopping。 【50题详解】 句意：我没有任何朋友，我也不喜欢说话太多——这让我很累。根据“it...me tired.”和备选词可知，是指说太多话使作者很累，make sb. adj.“使某人……”，且主语是it，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词需用三单形式。故填makes。 Ⅶ. 任务型阅读： 阅读下面的语篇材料，根据所读内容，完成下列各题。 Sixteen years ago a boy gave me an important present. It was a smile. It was the early autumn of my first year at a middle school. My old school was far away, so no one knew who I was. I was very lonely, and afraid to speak to anyone. Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my heart break. I couldn’t talk with anyone about my problems. Then one day, when my classmates were talking happily with their friends, I was sitting at my desk unhappily as usual. At that moment, a boy entered the classroom. I didn’t know who he was. He passed by (经过) me and then turned back. He looked at me, with a smile. Suddenly, I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. It made me feel happy and warm. That smile changed my life. I started to talk with other students and make friends. Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now. One day I asked him why he had smiled, but he couldn’t remember doing so! I believe that the world is what you think it is. If you think it is lonely, you might always be alone. So smile at the world and it will smile back. 51. When did the writer get the present? The writer got the present ___________________________. 52. Why was the writer very lonely? Because the old school was ___________________________, and no one knew him. 53. How did the smile change the writer’s life? The writer started to ___________________________ and make friends. 54. What does the underlined word “it” mean in the last paragraph? It means ___________________________. 55. How will you feel if someone smiles at you? I will feel ___________________________. 【答案】51. sixteen years ago 52. far away 53. talk with other students 54. the world 55. happy/excited 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一个男孩的微笑让原本在新环境中感到孤独的作者开始了新的生活。 【51题详解】 根据“Sixteen years ago a boy gave me an important present. It was a smile.”可知，16年前，一个男孩送给了作者一份重要的礼物。那是一个微笑。故填sixteen years ago。 【52题详解】 根据“My old school was far away, so no one knew who I was”可知，作者以前的学校很远，所以没人知道他是谁。故填far away。 【53题详解】 根据“That smile changed my life. I started to talk with other students and make friends”可知，那个微笑改变了作者的生活。他开始和其他同学交谈，结交朋友。故填talk with other students。 【54题详解】 根据“I believe that the world is what you think it is.”可知，作者相信世界就是自己所想象的那个样子。此处划线单词“it”指的是the world。故填the world。 【55题详解】 此题为开放性试题，答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：如果有人朝着我微笑，我会感觉很开心/兴奋，此处应用形容词作表语。故填happy/excited。 Ⅷ. 补全对话（共5小题，计5分） 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 A: Hi, Mary. I haven’t seen you for a long time. _____________56_____________? B: I have been to Beijing for a holiday. A: _____________57_____________? B: I went there with my parents to see my brother. He works there. A: _____________58_____________? B: We stayed there for 3 days. And it’s a good place. A: Xi’an was raining last week. _____________59_____________? B: The weather was really good. We had a good time. A: I will go there one day. But now, I have to go home. See you then. B: _____________60_____________. 【答案】56. Where have you been 57. Who(m) did you go there with 58. How long did you stay there 59. What was the weather like/How was the weather there 60. See you 【解析】 【导语】本文是一则对话，主要讲述了玛丽去北京度假的经历。 【56题详解】 根据答语“I have been to Beijing for a holiday.”可知，空处应是问对方去哪里了，应用疑问词where引导特殊疑问句，句子时态应用现在完成时。故填Where have you been。 【57题详解】 根据答语“I went there with my parents to see my brother.”可知，空处应是询问对方和谁去了北京，应用疑问词who引导特殊疑问句，句子时态应用一般过去时。故填Who(m) did you go there with。 【58题详解】 根据答语“We stayed there for 3 days.”可知，空处应是问对方在那里待了多长时间，用how long引导特殊疑问句，句子时态用一般过去时。故填How long did you stay there。 【59题详解】 根据答语“The weather was really good.”可知，此处应是询问天气如何，时态为一般过去时。故填What was the weather like/How was the weather there。 【60题详解】 根据“See you then.”可知，此处应为双方相互道别。故填See you。 Ⅸ. 书面表达（共1题，计15分） 61. 假如你是李华，在你校的读书分享会中，打算向大家介绍一本你最喜欢的书《西游记》，并简单介绍书中你最喜欢的人物以及原因。 参考词汇：Monkey King, fight against, change, brave, never give up… 要求： 1. 至少70词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3. 可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚、行文连贯。 My favorite book is Journey to the West. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That is my favorite book. I’m sure you will like it too. 【答案】例文 My favorite book is Journey to the West. It is one of the most famous novels in China. I have already read it three times. In the novel, I like Monkey King best. He is clever and brave. He can do almost everything by himself. He has the special ability to change his shape and size, and even to fly high in the sky. He usually fights against the monsters to protect others with his magic stick. This book tells me that there are always problems for us to deal with, but we should never give up. That is my favorite book. I’m sure you will like it too. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文。 ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”。 ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏要点，包括：注意行文连贯、逻辑清晰、无拼写和语法错误。 [写作步骤] 第一步：开篇点题，介绍自己最喜欢的是《西游记》； 第二步：介绍最喜欢的人物是孙悟空，以及最喜欢他的原因； 第三步：总结全文，表达感受，阐明从书中学到的精神。 [亮点词汇] ①one of the most famous novels最著名的小说之一 ②fights against对抗 ③deal with处理 [高分句型] ①I have already read it three times. (现在完成时) ②This book tells me that there are always problems for us to deal with, but we should never give up.（that引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八年级期末学科素养监测 英语 注意事项： 1. 全卷满分120分，答题时间为120分钟。 2. 请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。 第一部分（听力 共30分） Ⅰ. 听选答案（共15小题，计20分） 第一节：听下面10 段对话，每段对话后有一个问题，读两遍。请根据每段对话的内容和后面的问题，从所给的三个选项中选出最恰当的一项。（共10小题，计10分） 1. A. Tina's father. B. Tina's mother. C. Tina. 2. A. Nervous. B. Happy. C. Excited. 3. A. Washing the clothes. B. Doing the dishes. C. Sweeping the floor. 4 A. To do housework. B. To go shopping. C. To read books. 5. A. She was watching TV. B. She was talking on the phone. C. She was reading. 6. A. About 6,000. B. About 60,000. C. About 600,000. 7. A. It was rainy. B. It was sunny. C. It was windy. 8. A. For two months. B. For two years. C. For two weeks. 9. A. In two days. B. In two weeks. C. In two months. 10. A. To the art museum. B. To the history museum. C. To the space museum. 第二节：听下面两段对话，每段对话后有几道小题，请根据对话的内容，从题目所给的三个选项中选出所给问题的最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。（共5小题，计10分） 听第11段对话，回答第11、12小题。 11. What's the boy's favorite cartoon star? A. Mickey Mouse. B. Monkey King. C. Sponge Bob. 12. How often does the girl watch Mickey Mouse? A. Twice a week. B. Four times a week. C. Every day. 听第12段对话，回答第13至15小题。 13. Which river is 113 kilometers long? A. The Yangtze River. B. The Huangpu River. C. The Suzhou River. 14. How many bridges over the Huangpu River are very famous? A. Two. B. Three. C. Many. 15. When is the best time to enjoy the views along the river? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. Ⅱ. 听填信息（共5小题，计10分） 本题你将听到一段独白，读两遍。请根据独白内容，用所听到的单词或短语完成下列各题。（每空不超过三个单词。） 16. The Great Wall is one of ________ places in China. 17. It's a wonderful experience to ________ the wall. 18. The wall is known for its long ________. 19. The parts from the Ming Dynasty is 8,850 kilometers long ________. 20. Over 2,000 years ago, people built the first part in order to ________ the central areas. 第二部分（笔试 共90分） Ⅲ. 完形填空（共20小题，计20分） 第一节： 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 It seems that everywhere around the world, people are spending more time at work and less time with their families and friends. People are ___1___ than ever before! In the past in many countries, the father worked and the mother ___2___ home, took care of the children, and did the food shopping, cooking, and cleaning. Nowadays in many families, both parents work, so they both have to do the shopping, cooking, and cleaning in ___3___ free time. So parents ___4___ have as much time with their children as they used to have in the past. These days, many children come home from school to ___5___ empty house. A lot of children spend ___6___ hours each day in front of the television. Even when families are together, it is common for family members ___7___ things by themselves. For example, they watch programs on different TVs in different ___8___; they use the Internet; they talk with friends on the telephone; and they do other things. Isn’t it strange? Thanks to technology, people are able to communicate so ___9___ with people far away, but sometimes they don’t communicate as well as before with people in their own homes. Is this the same ___10___ your country? What’s your opinion about this? 1. A. busier B. busiest C. the busiest D. busy 2. A. stay B. stayed C. will stay D. has stayed 3. A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 4. A. do B. don’t C. does D. doesn’t 5. A. a B. an C. the D. / 6. A. many B. much C. few D. little 7. A. do B. doing C. to do D. done 8. A. school B. schools C. room D. rooms 9. A. loud B. loudly C. easy D. easily 10. A. in B. on C. at D. with 第二节： 阅读下面短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 There was a time when people didn’t have to work for food. When they got ___11___, they just reached up to the sky, broke off a piece, and ate it. One day, the sky was angry ___12___ people took far more than they could eat. He said to the king, “Oba! If your people keep wasting ___13___ gifts, I won’t give away gifts to you.” Oba was afraid, He made a (n) ___14___ and told his people to eat the sky only when they were hungry. And for a long time that was what they did. Then there came a great festival. People danced and celebrated ___15___ many days. One night, a woman ___16___ a big piece of sky home. However, she was too ___17___ to finish it. She asked her family to share it, but they were all full, too. ___18___, she had to throw it away. The sky shouted, “Oba! I’m leaving and going far away.” “How will the people live?” Oba asked. “All of you must learn to work for food,” the sky answered. “Maybe then you’ll ___19___ why you shouldn’t waste.” From that day on, all the people worked to have ___20___ and the sky was far away just as it’s today. 11. A. tired B. upset C. excited D. hungry 12. A. if B. because C. though D. unless 13. A. my B. your C. his D. her 14. A. event B. habit C. notice D. e-mail 15. A. in B. for C. since D. from 16. A. carried B. threw C. bought D. blew 17. A. busy B. shy C. scared D. full 18. A. Truly B. Luckily C. Finally D. Happily 19. A. choose B. understand C. point D. forget 20 A. money B. time C. water D. food Ⅳ. 阅读理解（共15小题，计20分） 第一节：阅读下面A、B. C三篇材料，从所给的四个选项中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的一个最佳答案。（共10小题，计15分） A 21. Where can you read the page? A. In a travel guide. B. In a magazine. C. In a history book. D. In a newspaper. 22. How many countries are mentioned (被提及) in the book? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 23. If you want to know the important holidays, which page should you turn to? A. 18. B. 116. C. 168. D. 184. B Living things live in any environment where they can meet their needs. A living thing’s environment includes all the living and nonliving things in a place. They can get what they need from their environment. Their parts can also help them get what they need. Most plants need the same things to live. They need water, light, food and carbon dioxide (二氧化碳). There are carbon dioxide in the air. They must get all these things in their environment. Most plants have roots, stems and leaves. Each part of a plant helps it to live. Roots get water and food from the ground. Stems carry food and water through the plant. Leaves get sunlight and carbon dioxide. Animals also need many different things to live. They need water, food for energy, and oxygen (氧气) from the air or water. An animal’s body parts help it to live in its environment. Legs or wings help it move. Teeth or beaks (鸟嘴) help it eat. Many animals have lungs (肺) to get oxygen from the air. Fish use gills (鳃) to get oxygen from water. Other animal parts help keep them safe. They might also use their parts to help build homes. For example, birds use their beaks to build their homes. That’s how plants and animals get what they need. It’s true that there is a close relationship between living things and their environment. Plants and animals are great. They all have their own way to get what they need. 24. The passage mentions some animal body parts EXCEPT ________. A. legs B. teeth C. hearts D. lungs 25. What does the underlined word “They” refer to in the second paragraph? A. Living things. B. Most plants. C. Most leaves. D. Most animals. 26. What functions (功能) do the birds’ beaks have according to the third paragraph? a. eating food b. flying c. building homes d. breathing air A. a; c B. a; d C. b; c D. b; d 27. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How plants grow. B. How animals use their body parts. C. How important the environment is. D. How plants and animals get what they need. C A farmer had a very big rabbit and a smart dog. He didn’t know which he liked better. One day, he organized a competition between his dog and his rabbit. He made a hole in his field, and hid a carrot and a bone (骨头) in it. He wanted to see which animal would find them first. He wanted to know the answer. The rabbit was very excited and he was busy looking for the carrot. He was completely sure that he would find the carrot and the bone. But the dog wasn’t optimistic (乐观的) at all. After he looked for the bone for a short time, he lay down sadly. And then he began to complain. He thought it was difficult for him to find one bone in such a big field. The rabbit kept on working hard. When there was no place in the whole field left to dig, the rabbit dug a tunnel (隧道) to right under where the dog was lying all that time. There he found the carrot and the bone. And this is how the dog lost the competition. In fact, he found the right place at the very beginning. But he failed to find the bone because he only complained and didn’t try at all. When we do something difficult in our life, we should learn from the rabbit. 28. What’s the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “complain”? A. 庆贺 B. 抱怨 C. 期待 D. 筹备 29 Why did the rabbit win the competition? A. Because it was lucky. B. Because the farmer let it win. C. Because it worked hard. D. Because the dog got ill. 30. What might be the ending of the story? A. The rabbit would got more love than the dog. B. The farmer would drive the dog away from his farm. C. The rabbit would refuse to be friends with the dog. D. The farmer would feel sad about the result of the competition. 第二节： 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Travelling is one of the most important activities and people have been interested in it for many years. Modern traffic develops fast, so travelling to different places has become much faster than before. Staying healthy while travelling can make your trip happier. ____31____ The following information may be useful to you. Before leaving Wear comfortable shoes, a hat and sunglasses. ____32____ They can be used when you get sick or have other problems. Exercise for weeks or months before you leave if you plan to do lots of walking or climbing during your trip. ____33____ Before you prepare the food, the first thing you need to think about is how long you will travel with the food. If you take a long trip, you should bring food such as bread, biscuits and some fruit. They don’t go bad quickly. The nearer people can bring meat, fish, eggs, milk and even salad and vegetables. While travelling Be sure not to eat dirty food or bad fruit. Have enough time to take a rest during your trip. Tap water (自来水) is not safe. ____34____ Keep food in good condition. If you take hot food, you should try to keep it hot. For example, you can put it in heavy towels. If you need to keep cold food cold, you can put cold food in a box with ice. ____35____ Remember: If you travel with food, keep hot food hot and cold food cold. A. Prepare proper food. B. It’s important to have a better plan. C. Take some necessary medicines with you. D. So you’d better drink bottled water and always clean the cover on the bottle. E. Travelling by plane is fast but very expensive. F. When you arrive, put cold food in the fridge. G. But do you know how to keep healthy during a trip? V. 完成句子：根据所给汉语意思，用单词或短语完成下列英文句子。（共5小题，计10分） 36. Jenny有一个甜美的嗓音，她歌唱得很好。 Jenny has a sweet ________ and she sings very well. 37. 据我所知，Jim将外出三个月。 ________, Jim will be away for three months. 38. 我们不应该总是依靠父母。 We shouldn’t always ________ our parents. 39. 这个房间充满了孩子们的欢笑声。 This room is ________ children’s laughter. 40. 昨天她清理了她所有壁橱里旧衣服。 She ________ all her old clothes from the closet yesterday. Ⅵ. 短文填空： 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。） make what page care or usual shop I think about Do you like shopping on the Internet? I like to buy books online. ___41___, the price isn’t very high. You don’t have to pay a lot. When I want to know something ___42___ a book, I post messages to the online shopkeeper for an answer. I am shy. It is difficult for ___43___ to talk to the shopkeepers in real shops. Sometimes online shops have pictures of the book. They can show me some ___44___ of the book. I can get more information about the book. I ___45___ this is very helpful. I don’t like to read books in shops because the shopkeepers may often come and talk to me. I don’t know ___46___ to say to them. I can shop at midnight if I want to. Real shops may close as early as at eight o'clock in the evening. Some people may worry that the postmen may lose ___47___ damage (毁坏) the things they buy from online shops, but I don’t worry about that. I think most of the postmen are very ___48___. Some people say that ___49___ in real shops is good because you go with your friends and look at many different things. They call this window shopping. I don’t have any friends and I don’t like to talk too much—it ___50___ me tired. Ⅶ. 任务型阅读： 阅读下面的语篇材料，根据所读内容，完成下列各题。 Sixteen years ago a boy gave me an important present. It was a smile. It was the early autumn of my first year at a middle school. My old school was far away, so no one knew who I was. I was very lonely, and afraid to speak to anyone. Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt my heart break. I couldn’t talk with anyone about my problems. Then one day, when my classmates were talking happily with their friends, I was sitting at my desk unhappily as usual. At that moment, a boy entered the classroom. I didn’t know who he was. He passed by (经过) me and then turned back. He looked at me, with a smile. Suddenly, I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. It made me feel happy and warm. That smile changed my life. I started to talk with other students and make friends. Day by day, I became closer to everyone in my class. The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now. One day I asked him why he had smiled, but he couldn’t remember doing so! I believe that the world is what you think it is. If you think it is lonely, you might always be alone. So smile at the world and it will smile back. 51. When did the writer get the present? The writer got the present ___________________________. 52. Why was the writer very lonely? Because the old school was ___________________________, and no one knew him. 53. How did the smile change the writer’s life? The writer started to ___________________________ and make friends. 54. What does the underlined word “it” mean in the last paragraph? It means ___________________________. 55. How will you feel if someone smiles at you? I will feel ___________________________. Ⅷ. 补全对话（共5小题，计5分） 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。 A: Hi, Mary. I haven’t seen you for a long time. _____________56_____________? B: I have been to Beijing for a holiday. A: _____________57_____________? B: I went there with my parents to see my brother. He works there. A: _____________58_____________? B: We stayed there for 3 days. And it’s a good place. A: Xi’an was raining last week. _____________59_____________? B: The weather was really good We had a good time. A: I will go there one day. But now, I have to go home. See you then. B: _____________60_____________. Ⅸ. 书面表达（共1题，计15分） 61. 假如你是李华，在你校的读书分享会中，打算向大家介绍一本你最喜欢的书《西游记》，并简单介绍书中你最喜欢的人物以及原因。 参考词汇：Monkey King, fight against, change, brave, never give up… 要求： 1. 至少70词，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3. 可适当增加细节，以使条理清楚、行文连贯。 My favorite book is Journey to the West. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That is my favorite book. I’m sure you will like it too. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$