专题01 形容词副词讲练（50题）+阅读A篇精讲（5篇）-【暑假自学课】2024年新九年级英语暑假提升精品讲义（牛津上海版）

专题01 形容词副词讲练（50题）+阅读A篇精讲（5篇） 核心考点聚焦 1 考点一：形容词、副词词义辨析 1 考点二：形容词、副词的比较等级 2 考点三：形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语和复合形容词 3 考点四：阅读理解A篇技巧 4 题型一：细节理解题 4 题型二：主旨大意题 7 题型三：词义猜测题 9 题型四：推理判断题 10 当堂限时检测 11 参考答案： 20 核心考点聚焦 考点一：形容词、副词词义辨析 1.1.中考词义理解常考的形容词、副词 active积极的 angry 生气的 alone单独，独自 brave 勇敢的 bright明亮的 calm平静的，镇静的 careful仔细的，认真的 valuable 有价值的 cheap便宜的 comfortable 舒适的 creative 创造（性）的 crowded 拥挤的 dangerous 危险的 different不同的 energetic充满活力的 fresh 新鲜的 expensive 昂贵的 funny 有趣的 healthy健康的 honest诚实的 humorous 幽默的 hungry饥饿的 important 重要的 lonely孤单的，寂寞的 loudly 大声地 luckily 幸运地 natural 自然的 nervous 紧张的 noisy吵闹的 normal 正常的 opposite对立的，相反的 outgoing 外向的 patient耐心的 pleased快乐的 quiet 安静的 similar相似的 simple简单的 sleepy 困倦的 special特殊的 strange 奇怪的 strict 严格的 successful成功的 suddenly 突然地 traditional 传统的 worried担心的 1.2.-ing 形容词和－ed形容词的区别 －ing形容词 表示主动意义，一般修饰物，多指物对人的影响 interesting 有趣的surprising 令人惊讶的tiring令人疲倦的 －ed形容词 表示被动意义，主语一般是人，多指人对事物的感受。 interested 感兴趣的surprised感到惊讶的tired感到疲惫的 1.3.常见的频率副词辨析 always 意为“一直，总是”，相当于all the time,表示动作或状态从来没有间断过The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳总是东升西落。 usually 意为“通常”，即很少有例外 often 意为“常常，经常”，不如usually 那么频繁 sometimes 意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生 seldom 意为“很少，罕见，不常”She seldom showed her feelings.她很少表露自己的情绪。 hardly 意为“几乎不，几乎没有”He could hardly speak.他几乎说不出话来。 never 意为“从来不，从来没有”。I've never seen her.我从未见过她。 1.4.enough的用法 enough 修饰形容词、副词时，要放在形容词、副词的后面；修饰名词时，放名词前后均可。 例I am old enough to look after myself.我足够大了，能照顾好我自己。 考点二：形容词、副词的比较等级 2.1.形容词、副词比较等级的构成 (1)规则变化: 单音节和部分双音节词通常在词尾加-er, -est构成比较级和最高级。 long-- longer-- longest tall-- taller-- tallest 以不发音的e结尾的词只在词尾加-r，-st。 large- -larger --largest late---later--latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词则应先将y变为i,再加-er, -est。 busy--busier--busiest easy--easier--easiest 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词，则双写这个辅音字母，再加-er, -est big--bigger-- biggest hot- -hotter- -hottest 多音节和部分双音节词在其前加more, most构成比较级和最高级。 difficult -more difficult -most difficult quickly- more quickly -most quickly (2)不规则变化 good/well→better→best much/many→more→most far→farther/further→farthest/furthest little→less→least 2.2.原级意义的表示 “as+形容词／副词原级＋as” 表示双方在程度、特征等方面相等； “not as/so+形容词／副词原级＋as” 表示“······不如······”。The cake is as heavy as the stone.蛋糕和那块石头一样重。 2.3.比较级意义的表示 “形容词／副词比较级＋than” 表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况，意为“·····高于或低于······”。 Lucy is prettier than her sister.露西比她的妹妹漂亮。 “比较级＋and+比较级” 意为“越来越··.···”。 More and more people are losing their jobs.越来越多的人失业。 “the+比较级，the+比较级” 常表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意为“越......越......”。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯的错误就会越少。 “the+比较级＋of the two(+名词）” 表示“两者中较······的”。 Look at the two boys. Ben is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩，本是两个人中较高的那个。 2.4.最高级意义的表示 “the+最高级＋比较范围” 表示“······是······中最······的”。 Who gets up the earliest of all in your dormitory?你们宿舍谁起得最早？ “one of the+最高级＋复数名词” 表示“最······之一”。 The river is one of the longest rivers in our country.这条河是我国最长河流之一。 比较级用于否定句或与never,nothing等否定词连用 表示最高级含义。 I've never had a more pleasant trip before.我以前从未有过如此快乐的旅行。（这是最快乐的一次旅行） 考点三：形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语和复合形容词 3.1.形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语 常见的修饰原级的词有very,quite,so,too等。 My brother runs so fast that I can't follow him. 我弟弟跑得这么快，以至于我追不上他。 常见的修饰比较级的词有much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,even,still 等。 I enjoyed it far more than I expected. 我喜欢的程度远远超出了原先的期望。 常见的修饰最高级的词有by far,much,almost,nearly或序数词等。 Watching matches was by far the most popular activity on Saturday afternoons. 周六下午看体育比赛是目前为止最受欢迎的活动。 3.2.复合形容词 “基数词－名词单数／名词单数－ed”或“基数词－名词单数－形容词”构成复合形容词。 500-meter-long 500米长的 four-storeyed4层楼的 It is good to take a 15-minute walk after supper.晚饭后散步15分钟是有好处的 考点四：阅读理解A篇技巧 题型一：细节理解题 在阅读理解题目中,有一大半是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。 【问】什么是细节理解题？ 细节题主要考查考生对文章中阐述主题的细节与具体事实的把握能力。 内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果、目的等。 【问】如何判断一道题是否是细节理解题？ 细节理解题常见的提问形式： (1)特殊疑问词提问类型 •When can you go to...? •Where can...? •How many ways can... •We can learn from the last paragraph that ______. •You may... because... (2)True or NOT true 是非判断类型 •Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? •Which of the following is TRUE? •Which of the following is NOT true? •Which of the following is true EXCEPT________ 细节理解题的标志：when,where,why,how ,which,because,TRUE/true,EXCEPT/except 【问】细节理解题有什么特征？ 细节理解题有三个共同特点: 1.细节理解题的题干和原文有关键词重合 2.正确答案都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证 3.正确答案常见特征为:等价替换 等价替换的类型1：同一单词不同词性等价 behave—behavior move—movement dark—darkness safe-safety 等价替换的常见类型2：不同单词同义等价 form—way dark—not bright online —on the Internet 等价替换的常见类型3： 句式意思等价 I am taller than Tom. =Tom is not as tall as me.=Tom is shorter than me. 【问】如何解细节理解题 ？ 解题技巧：划-定-比 1、划：划出题干关键词 2、定：原文中定位关键词所在句 3、比：对比原文关键词所在上下句和选项 【步骤1】划：划出题干关键词 【问】什么是关键词？ 定位关键词的选择原则： （1）大写字母 （2）数字 （3）名词（常见标志：a/an/the/many/much/some+n、n(s)） （4）动词（常见标志：ing/ed/to/s） 注意：关键词数量一般2-4个最佳，以防1个词无法定位。 【例】划出下列题干的关键词： According to the passage, the umbrella was probably first used in ancient _______. 【步骤2】定：定位关键词所在原文中的句子 【问】如何定位？ 【定位技巧1】题文同序原则 题目出现的顺序与答案在文中出现的顺序一致。如，第1题答案常常在第1-2段，第2题答案在第1题后 【定位技巧2】根据常考出题点 (1)中心句(段首句，段尾句) (2)转折关系： however，but ，yet (3)因果关系： because，so (4)举例关系: for example，such as ，like (5)敏感词(唯一性信息):最高级;序数词 (6)特殊符号: ——、 “ ”、 ：、 （ ）、● (7)特殊标记：加粗，斜体，划线、中文 (1)中心句(首段首句，尾段尾句) (2)转折关系：however，but ，yet (3)因果关系：because，so (4)举例关系:for example，such as ，like (5)特殊符号: ——、 “ ”、 ：、 （ ）、● (6)特殊标记：加粗，斜体，划线、中文、数字、大写 【步骤3】比：对比原文关键词所在上下句和选项 正确选项特征： （1）原文复现（一模一样） （2）同义替换（同义词替换） （3）信息整合（总结归纳） （4）语气委婉（may,might），无绝对化词汇（must，only，always，never，none，all） 错误选项特征： （1）张冠李戴/偷梁换柱 （2）无中生有 （3）以偏概全，范围不当 （4）绝对化（must，only，never，none，all，any） 题型二：主旨大意题 【问】什么是主旨大意题？ 主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。 主旨大意题的测试内容主要侧重“概括文章大意”和“确定文章的最佳标题”。 【问】如何判断一道题是否是主旨大意题？ 主旨大意题 常见的提问形式： (1) The best title of this passage is... (2) What is the main purpose of the passage? (3) What is the passage mainly about? (4) What's the main idea / topic of the passage? 【提示】判断主旨大意题的关键词： main idea ,title ,purpose, mainly 【问】如何解主旨大意题 ？ 抓关键词、关键句 （1）首段首句+各段首句+尾段尾句 （2）疑问句 （3）转折句（but,however,yet） （4）特殊字眼：研究发现（report/research/study +find/show） （5）中文提示词 【类型1】（首尾呼应式） 同学们，我们这节课，来讲解阅读理解的解题技巧。 阅读理解主要分为四种题型：主旨大意题、细节理解题、词义猜测题、推理判断题。 首先，我们来看阅读理解之主旨大意题的解题技巧...... 然后，我们来看阅读理解之细节理解题的解题技巧...... 接下来，我们来看阅读理解之词义猜测题的解题技巧...... 最后，我们来看阅读理解之推理判断题的解题技巧...... 在课程最后，我们来总结一下本节课内容。我们讲解了阅读理解的四种题型的解题技巧，大家需要多结合阅读理解题去加以训练。 【问】这篇文章主要讲了什么 ？ A. 主旨大意题的解题技巧 B.细节理解题的解题技巧 C. 词义猜测题的解题技巧 D.阅读理解的四种题型的解题技巧 【类型2】（铺垫式） 同学们，上这节课之前，我们先来做一个物理实验。 （实验看到一根筷子放在水中看似断开了...） 在上面这个实验中，我们发现筷子断了。那么，为什么筷子看起来会断呢？ 这就涉及到我们本节课要讲的内容——光的折射。 ...... 【问】这篇文章主要讲了什么？ A. 筷子的实验 B.光的折射 C.一个物理实验 【类型3】 先抑后扬类 在英语教学过程中，我发现很多同学记单词的方法是这样的：每天看着课文单词，看3分钟，以为就自己记住了。 但是，这个记单词的方法真的有效吗？根据我的英语教学经验，这样的单词记忆方法导致的结果是：结果考试时，出现这些单词时，发现全部忘记了... 如果我们要记单词，正确的方式要遵循以下几个原则： 第一，重复原则 第二，语境记忆原则 【问】这篇文章主要讲了什么？ A. 英语教学 B.看着课文记单词 C.记单词的有效方法 D.重复原则 【问】主旨大意题的答案有哪些特点？ 正确选项的特点: （1）不含细节信息和表绝对意义的词 （2）中心词多为抽象名词（problem, history, way, difference, importance等） （3）能概括文章全部内容 干扰选项的特点: （1）细节性的描述 （2）范围扩大 题型三：词义猜测题 【问】什么是词义猜测题？ 猜测词义题是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关键词的意义。 【问】如何判断一道题是否是词义猜测题？ 词义猜测题常见的提问形式： 1. What does the underlined word “…” mean? 2. The underlined word “….” can be replaced by ________. 3. The underlined word “…” probably means ________. 4. By saying “…”, the writer means ________. 5. The word “…” in the passage probably means ________. 【提示】判断词义猜测题的关键词：mean ,meaning ,underlined 【问】如何解此意猜测题 ？ 基本原则：忠于原文 返回原文，找出生词出现的地方，答案经常隐藏在该词汇出现的地方 猜测词义的方法主要有: 【方法1】定义或解释说明 【方法2】举例说明 【方法3】同义词、近义词、反义词 【方法4】逻辑关系提示 题型四：推理判断题 【问】什么是推理判断题？ 推理判断题，着重考查根据文章内容推断出文章的出处和读者等。 【问】如何判断一道题是否是推理判断题？ 推理判断题常见的提问形式： 1.This passages is probably from_______. （文章出处题） 2.We can probably see the passage in _______. （文章出处题） 3. This passage is mainly written for _______. （文章读者题） 4. This library guide is for_______. （文章读者题） 【提示】判断推理判断题的关键词：passage, can, could, might, may, probably 1.常考文章出处 book review ________ science report ________ magazine ________ travel guide ________ website ________ advertisement ________ novel ________ poster ________ notice ________ letter 书信 newspaper 报纸 instruction ________ 2.常考文章读者相关单词 teacher 教师 parent 父母 child 孩子 student 学生 visitor 参观者 worker 工作人员 police 警察 teenager 青少年 【问】如何解推理判断题？ 1.文章出处题 结合文章内容来进行分析与判断 (1)文章前面有日期、地址或通讯地址→newspaper, news report ; (2)新产品/影片/演出/夏令营介绍→advertisement ，poster; (3)旅游景点介绍→travel guide ; (4)科普知识/研究介绍→science report/study report ; (5)对某设备、产品等做出介绍→product instruction ; (6)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→magazine; (7)文章中有 online，web, click，video或http:/www→website 2.文章读者题 结合有关身份信息来进行分析与判断 (1) your teachers →students (2)your parents →kids/children (3)your kids →parents (4)your patient→doctors 当堂限时检测 一、单项选择 1．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）—I like the songs by Li Jian. —Me too. I think no one can sing as________as him in the programme I am a singer. A．well B．better C．best D．the best 2．（22-23八年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Policemen found out the truth at last because they observed everything ________. A．as careful as they could B．as more careful as they could C．as carefully as they could D．as more carefully as they could 3．（23-24八年级上·上海普陀·期末）With my teacher’s help, I can run much _______ than before. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 4．（23-24八年级下·上海浦东新·期中）Passengers prefer a high-speed train because it travels much ________ than the ordinary train. A．quick B．quicker C．quickly D．more quickly 5．（2023·上海长宁·一模）5G technology will enable information to spread as ________ as possible. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 6．（2023·上海闵行·二模）With the help of the new skill, the boy can run ________ than before. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 7．（2023·上海崇明·二模）The foreigner spoke English as ________ as he could so as to make us understand him. A．clearly B．more clearly C．most clearly D．the most clearly 8．（2023·上海静安·二模）To travel a short distance, a mobike enables you to go ________ than going by car. A．faster B．fast C．fastest D．the fastest 9．（23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期末）If you give your dogs some basic instructions, they will behave ________ in public. A．well B．quick C．nice D．good 10．（2024·上海宝山·二模）With the teacher’s help, that little girl worked out the maths problem as ________ as her deskmate did. A．quick B．quickly C．quicker D．more quickly 11．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）After three months on a low-fat diet, Mary looks much ________ than before. A．thin B．thinner C．thinnest D．the thinnest 12．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）The main character in the movie is a robot and he sounds ________. A．lovely B．gently C．warmly D．happily 13．（2024·上海长宁·二模）The music on the radio sounded ________ and helped get rid of my sad feeling at once. A．loudly B．lonely C．lively D．kindly 14．（2024·上海崇明·二模）Nature suggests that climate change is even _________ than scientists have predicted. A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 15．（23-24八年级上·上海金山·期末）He is ________ enough to carry such a heavy box. A．strong B．stronger C．much stronger D．the strongest 16．（22-23八年级下·上海金山·期中）You should treat him more ________. A．polite B．politely C．impolitely D．impolite 17．（23-24八年级下·上海闵行·期中）Tommy ________ goes travelling by air, because he feels sick on the plane. A．often B．always C．usually D．never 18．（23-24八年级下·上海徐汇·期中）The boy checked his test paper ________ in order to get full marks. A．enough careful B．enough carefully C．careful enough D．carefully enough 19．（23-24八年级下·上海浦东新·期中）Judy checked her homework ________ in order to get A grades. A．carefully enough B．careful enough C．enough careful D．enough carefully 20．（21-22九年级下·上海徐汇·期中）________ the treatment is given, the better the patient’s chances are. A．Early B．Earlier C．The earlier D．The earliest 21．（2023·上海青浦·一模）The old man sat up and looked ________ at the person who knocked him down. A．lonely B．angrily C．lovely D．friendly 22．（2023·上海浦东新·一模）Mandy got up as ________ as her father in order to see the sunrise with him. A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．the earliest 23．（2023·上海黄浦·二模）If you want to keep a dog, make sure that it has enough space to run ________. A．free B．quiet C．fit D．slow 24．（2023·上海奉贤·二模）Alice checked her test paper ______ in order to get a full mark. A．enough careful B．enough carefully C．careful enough D．carefully enough 25．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Elsie is a good dancer, and now she is dancing ________ with her friends in the room. A．friendly B．hardly C．beautifully D．lovely 26．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）I will work ________ I can to make my dream come true. A．so hardly as B．as hard as C．as hardly as D．so hard as 27．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）Abby waved _________ to her mother when her car approached. A．excite B．excited C．exciting D．excitedly 28．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Researchers say the new material will not break as _______ as the old one. A．easy B．easier C．easily D．more easily 29．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）How ________ the mother looked at her baby when she sang songs to comfort him! A．gently B．lonely C．friendly D．lovely 30．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）Hey Ben! You look _________ than I first saw you. A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．the heaviest 31．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）The little girl with curly hair looks ________ in her pink skirt. A．honestly B．happily C．lovely D．seriously 32．（2024·上海普陀·二模）The aging population has become a big problem and it’s much __________ in our country. A．serious B．more serious C．most serious D．the most serious 33．（2024·上海普陀·二模）I always feel __________ when I’ve finished a piece of work. A．pleasure B．please C．pleased D．pleasantly 34．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Set up in 1927, the Henan Museum is one of China’s ________ museums. A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．the earliest 35．（2024·上海虹口·二模）Many people still believe one of ________ inventions of the past 100 years is the telephone. A．wonderful B．more wonderful C．most wonderful D．the most wonderful 36．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Chaka (茶卡) Salt Lake, the mirror of the sky, is one of ________ destinations in Qinghai. A．less popular B．popular C．more popular D．the most popular 37．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The salesman showed him several mobile phones and he chose ________ one. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest 38．（2024·河北保定·一模）After taking football lessons, Eric is much ________ than before. That’s great. A．weak B．weaker C．strong D．stronger 39．（23-24九年级下·江西赣州·阶段练习）—What do you think of the movie YOLO (《热辣滚烫》)? —Oh, I like it very much. I don’t think I will see a ________ one. A．better B．best C．worse D．worst 40．（2024·上海松江·二模）—Do you watch mini dramas? —Yes. I often watch them. They are now even ________ than traditional TV series. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 41．（2024·上海松江·二模）The new-energy car looked very ________ to Mr Li and he decided to buy it immediately. A．attract B．attractive C．attractively D．attraction 42．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）The sportsman will work harder and try to get ________ results at next year’s competition. A．good B．better C．best D．the best 43．（2024·上海金山·二模）The open and inclusive (包容的) school atmosphere made me feel . A．confidence B．confident C．confuse D．confused 44．（2024·上海金山·二模）I think balanced diets are as as regular exercise in our daily life. A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 45．（2024·上海金山·二模）Chongming Island is island in China, rich in culture and with beautiful scenery. A．third large B．third larger C．third largest D．the third largest 46．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The Smiths saw ________ sunset they had ever seen during a holiday on the island. A．beautiful B．most beautiful C．more beautiful D．the most beautiful 47．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The dress with cute cartoon images fits my sister very well. She looks ________ in it. A．nicely B．gently C．lovely D．happily 48．（2024·上海宝山·二模）The man in blue seems ________ because he always talks to others with a smile. A．friendly B．gently C．sadly D．lonely 49．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）—The T-shirt is a bit expensive for me. —But sir, this is _______ one in the shop. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest 50．（23-24八年级下·广东深圳·课后作业）What __________ things did you see in Shandong? A．another B．else C．other D．others 二、阅读理解 （22-23八年级下·上海奉贤·期末）Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) Wang Xingyue, 14, Shanghai I don’t think we should set off firecrackers (爆竹) during holidays. It is really noisy. Some people fire them during midnight. People around cannot sleep well. Besides, it brings air pollution and lots of rubbish. Most people do not clean the rubbish after they set off firecrackers. So I think there is no need to set them off anymore during holidays. Liu Ran, 14, Shandong Setting off firecrackers is a tradition during Chinese festivals. They set them off to celebrate or wish a happy new year. The ceremony (仪式) is very important in Chinese people’s lives. And it also reminds us of one of the four great inventions of China, gunpowder (火药). We cannot give it up. Lin Yisong, 15, Zhejiang I think we should control the setting off of firecrackers. During holidays, the government could get people together in a place. They can set off some firecrackers or fireworks and people can watch. It is safer to do this and people can also enjoy their holiday tradition. Li Qing, 14, Jiangsu I think we can improve firecrackers. The firecrackers we use now are dangerous. That’s why we cannot set them off freely. But if we can make them safer and better for the air, we wouldn’t have to give them up. Zhang Qi, 14, Guangxi Firecrackers are dangerous and bad for the air. But it is really an important tradition in Chinese festivals. So I think we can use something else to replace them. For example, we can use LED fireworks instead. It is also beautiful and attractive. And it is much safer. Even kids can play with them. 51．What are the teenagers discussing? A．Whether we should set off firecrackers. B．What traditions we have for Spring Festival. C．Ways to set off firecrackers. D．How to improve firecrackers. 52．What problems does setting of fireworks cause? a. It is noisy.     b. It creates air pollution.    c. It wastes electricity.   d. creates rubbish A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bed 53．Who most strongly agreed that people should still set off firecrackers? A．Wang Xingyue. B．Liu Ran. C．Li Qing. D．Zhang Qi. 54．What suggestion does Li Qing give? A．Setting off firecrackers in certain places. B．Improving firecrackers. C．using LED fireworks instead of real ones. D．Never setting off firecrackers. 55．In whose opinion, can we use something else to replace firecrackers? A．Wang Xingyue’s. B．Liu Ran’s. C．Li Qing’s. D．Zhang Qi’s. 56．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a travel guide. B．On an advertisement. C．In a group discussion. D．In a newspaper. （22-23八年级下·上海浦东新·期末）Lab work is fun but you must be careful. Listen carefully when your teacher reads and explains the rules before your first lab lesson. LAB RULES Throughout the lessons Do not enter the science lab without the teacher’s permission. No food or drinks are allowed in science lab. Before the experiment Read all instructions carefully before every experiment. Prepare all apparatuses (仪器) and put them in right places so that you will not knock them over while doing the experiment. During the experiment If you are unsure how to use the apparatuses or how to operate, ask your teacher for help. Never smell or taste chemicals unless your teacher gives permissions. After the experiment Throw waste materials into proper waste baskets. Wash all apparatuses after use and return them to the places where they were. Never smell or taste chemicals unless your teacher gives permissions. First Aid Report all accidents to your teacher immediately. If you spill any chemicals onto your body or clothing, wash with plenty of water and report to your teacher. 57．You must know the LAB RULES ________ the first lab lesson. A．since B．before C．during D．after 58．It is necessary for you to ________ before every experiment. A．read some instructions B．take enough food and drinks C．smell chemicals immediately D．make all apparatuses ready 59．If you are not sure how to use the apparatuses,________. A．read the rules carefully B．try then again and again C．ask your teacher for help D．return all apparatuses to the places where they were 60．The under tin ed word “spill” means ________. A．take care of B．run out of C．fall off D．pour out in drips 61．You should put the waste materials into the ________. A．waste baskets B．paper bag C．bin D．packet 62．When you are in the science lab, you mustn’t ________. A．be careful in order to prevent injury B．taste chemicals without the teacher’s permission C．listen carefully when your teacher explains the rules D．wash all apparatuses after use （23-24八年级下·上海崇明·期中）A man is travelling in the desert and he loses his way. He has no water to drink and thinks he will die. After walking for two days, he finds an old wooden house. He enters the house, and finds a water pump (水泵). He is very excited, and goes to pump some water, but no water comes out. He loses heart, and sits on the ground. Then he sees a bottle near the water pump. It is full of water and there is a note on it. It says, “You must put the water into the water pump to get water out of it. Don’t forget to fill this bottle when you leave.” He looks at the bottle of water, and can’t decide what to do. If he drinks the water, he may be able to survive in the desert for a while, but if he puts the water into the water pump, he may get enough water to help him get out of the desert, or may get nothing. Finally, he puts the whole bottle of water into the water pump. He again tries to pump water out, and this time plenty of water comes out. He drinks as much as he can, and fills the bottle with water again. A few days later, he walks out of the desert. 63．A man is travelling ________. A．in the forest B．in the desert C．in the mountain D．in a foreign country 64．The man sits on the ground because ________. A．he is too tired B．he wants to find water C．he has no water to drink D．he loses his heart to get water 65．What does he see near the water pump? A．An empty bottle. B．A note. C．Nothing. D．A bottle of water and a note. 66．What does the word “survive” mean in the passage? A．生存 B．毁灭 C．漂浮 D．抱怨 67．Why does the note tell the man not to forget to fill this bottle with water? A．Because there is enough water in the desert. B．Because the man who leaves the note wants to come back again. C．Because the man who leaves the note wants to help other travelers. D．Because it’s easy to pump some water. 68．The best title for this story is “________”. A．A trip B．A man and a pump C．Desert D．To give or to get （23-24八年级下·上海宝山·期中）Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案): Pauline Vernon—Malaysia My dad was teaching in Kota Bharu, Malaysia. When my mum and I flew out to visit him for three weeks, he had already organized our stay in great detail. On our first evening, we had a party on the beach. It was a beautiful empty beach: palm trees, white sand, the warm gentle waters of the South China Sea. I swam in the shallow water thinking “this is the life,” when a jellyfish (水母) swam between my legs. The sting, on both legs, was painful, and it was only then that I discovered that two people had died from jellyfish stings that year. I now understood why the beach was almost empty. Sandy Henderson—the U. S. A． I was camping in Yosemite National Park in California with a friend, when I awoke to the sound of screaming. I looked out of my tent and saw my friend trying to get out of his sleeping bag, with a giant black bear standing up behind him. I quickly climbed out and we both rushed in no particular direction. By pure chance, we passed a small cabin, made a dash for that, jumped inside and locked the door. Seconds later, the bear was scraping at the door trying to get into the cabin we were hiding inside of. We were so afraid that the door would be pushing open that we put all of our weight against it to keep it closed. After quite a long time, the bear lost interest and we were able to leave the shelter. Harry Green—Denmark I went to Denmark with my friend Dan’s family on a cycling holiday. I had been a little bit worried about what the weather was going to be like, but I needn’t have done so. It was lovely and sunny! What did end up being a problem, however, was how far we had to cycle every day. All of the members of my friend’s family were incredibly fit, and while I’m fairly sporty too, I struggled (奋力) to keep up, even though I’d had a great night’s sleep. My friend’s dad just kept saying, “Serves you right for spending so much time playing computer games!” He didn’t seem to understand how hard I was finding it. We were in a beautiful part of Denmark, but we never had the chance to stop and look at anywhere properly. And in the evenings, all I wanted to do was sleep! 69．Pauline enjoyed all of the following things about her visit to the beach in Malaysia except for ________. A．the jellyfish B．the sands C．the trees D．the waters 70．The beach Pauline visited was beautiful but empty because ________. A．no one wanted to have a party on the beach B．the water along the beach was too shallow C．the jellyfish that live in the water there are very dangerous D．the weather there was too hot 71．How did Sandy Henderson and his friend keep themselves safe from the bear? A．By hiding in a shelter. B．By climbing out of their sleeping bags. C．By screaming for help. D．By running and shouting. 72．Harry Green thought it was ________ for him to cycle with his friend Dan’s family every day. A．interesting B．tiring C．relaxing D．exciting 73．According to Dan’s father, why did Harry have to struggle to keep up with them? A．Because he hadn’t gotten enough sleep. B．Because he hadn’t practiced cycling that much. C．Because he had spent too much time doing his homework. D．Because he had spent too much time playing computer games. 74．The three people told us their stories to ________. A．make fun of themselves B．share their experiences C．finish their homework D．warn readers to be careful （22-23八年级下·上海黄浦·期末）Would you like to adopt an animal? Although this sounds very unusual, some children have done just this. The Natural Zoo has given people the chance to adopt animals by paying for all of its food for one year. One of the animals that needed parents was a young tiger named Brocky. The people at the zoo said that it would cost about $900 a year for the food for Brocky. Not many boys and girls have $900 to spend. That is why several hundred children and grown-ups each have sent a little money to the zoo to help pay for Brocky’s food. Some children sent in only a quarter because that was all the money they had. Other children sent in more money than that. Since so many people sent money to the zoo to help pay for Brocky’s food, he now will be able to eat as much as he wants. Brocky surely must be a happy tiger to know that he has so many adopted parents. Many children must also be happy to know that they have helped to feed him. It really will be cool for those children to go to the Natural Zoo to visit their adopted tiger Brocky. 75．Brocky is ________. A．an animal zoo B．an adopted child C．a tiger without children’s love D．a tiger in need of adoption 76．Several hundred people give money to the zoo to help Brocky because ________. A．its food is too expensive for one person to afford B．people don’t want to spend too much money on Brocky C．people don’t love Brocky enough D．the zoo forces them to do so 77．Children will be ________ if they go to the zoo to visit the tiger Brocky. A．frightened B．excited and happy C．nervous D．surprised 78．With so many people’s money, Brocky now can ________. A．play with many toys B．live without being hungry C．eat meat every day D．have an air-conditioned room to live in 79．We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________. A．zoos are too poor to feed the animals B．there are too many animals in the zoo C．many people are kind to animals D．children love animals better than adults do 80．The underlined word “adopt” probably means “________”. A．choose and raise B．look after C．buy D．give a name 参考答案： 1．A 【详解】句意：——我喜欢李健唱的歌。——我也是．我认为在《我是歌手》这个节目里没有人和他唱的一样好。 考查副词的原级。根据答句里“Me，too.”可知他们俩都喜欢李健的歌，所以推测出后句的意思为“我认为在《我是歌手》这个节目里没有人和他唱得一样好”, as...as“和……一样好”，两个as中间接形容词或副词的原级。句子的谓语动词是sing，应用副词well来修饰。故选A。 2．C 【详解】句意：警察们尽可能仔细地观察了一切，最终发现了真相。 考查副词原级。根据“they observed everything”可知，需要副词修饰动词，as...as中间用原级。故选C。 3．B 【详解】句意：在老师的帮助下，我比以前跑得快多了。 考查副词比较级。根据“than before”可知考查比较级，修饰动词“run”用副词fast比较级faster。故选B。 4．D 【详解】句意：乘客更喜欢高速列车，因为它比普通列车快得多。 考查副词比较级。quick快的，迅速的，形容词；quicker更快的，更迅速的；quickly快地，副词；more quickly更快地，更迅速地。根据“than”和“travels much”可知使用副词比较级，副词修饰动词，故选D。 5．A 【详解】句意：5G技术将使信息尽可能快地传播。 考查副词。fast快速地；faster更快地，比较级；fastest最快地，最高级；the fastest最快地，“the+最高级”结构。根据“as...as possible”可知，as...as之间应用原级。故选A。 6．B 【详解】句意：在新技能的帮助下，这个男孩能比以前跑得更快了。 考查比较级。根据“than”可知，空处应用比较级形式。故选B。 7．A 【详解】句意：外国人尽他所能的把英语说清楚比便于让我们理解他。 考查副词原级。clearly清楚地，副词；more clearly更清楚地；most clearly最清楚地；the most clearly最清楚地。根据“as…as”可知此空应填原级。故选A。 8．A 【详解】句意：要短途旅行，摩拜单车可以让你比开车走得更快。 考查副词的比较级。根据“than going by car”可知比开车更快，空格处应用fast的比较级faster。故选A。 9．A 【详解】句意：如果你给你的狗一些基本的指令，它们在公共场合将会表现得好。 考查词性辨析和副词的用法。well好，副词；quick快的，形容词；nice好的，形容词；good好的，形容词。根据behave“表现”为实义动词可知，此处应用副词修饰动词，故选A。 10．B 【详解】句意：在老师的帮助下，那个小女孩和她同桌一样快地解出了这道数学题。 考查比较级用法。quick快速的；quickly快速地；quicker更快的；more quickly更快地。根据“...little girl worked out the maths problem as...as her deskmate did.”可知，考查as+adj./adv.+as“和……一样”，中间用原级。此处需填副词，修饰动词worked out，表示很快地解题。故选B。 11．B 【详解】句意：在低脂饮食三个月后，玛丽看起来比以前瘦多了。 考查形容词比较级。thin瘦的，形容词原级；thinner较瘦的，比较级；thinnest最瘦的，最高级；the thinnest最瘦的，最高级。根据“than”可判断此处应用比较级形式，thin的比较级为thinner。故选B。 12．A 【详解】句意：这部电影的主角是一个机器人，他的声音很可爱。 考查单词辨析。lovely可爱的，形容词；gently轻轻地，副词；warmly温暖地，副词；happily快乐地，副词。系动词sound后接形容词lovely作表语。故选A。 13．C 【详解】句意：收音机里的音乐听起来很有活力，立刻帮助我摆脱了悲伤的情绪。 考查形容词辨析及用法。loudly高声地，副词；lonely孤独的，形容词；lively有活力的，形容词；kindly亲切地，副词。系动词sound后跟形容词作表语，排除选项A、D；根据“helped get rid of my sad feeling at once”可知音乐帮助摆脱悲伤的情绪，应该是有活力的音乐，故选C。 14．C 【详解】句意：《自然》杂志认为，气候变化比科学家预测的更严重。 考查比较级用法。bad糟糕的，形容词原级；badly副词原级；worse更严重，比较级；worst最严重，最高级。根据“climate change is even...than scientists have predicted”可知，本句为两者进行比较，设空处用比较级形式。故选C。 15．A 【详解】句意：他很强壮，能搬动这么重的箱子。 考查形容词。strong壮的；stronger更强壮；much stronger强壮得多；the strongest最强壮。enough修饰形容词/副词原级。故选A。 16．B 【详解】句意：我们应该和老人有礼貌地说话。 考查形容词和副词的辨析。polite有礼貌的；politely有礼貌地，副词；impolitely没礼貌地，副词；impolite没礼貌的。这里是修饰动词speak，所以用副词形式，再结合句意可知是politely，故选B。 17．D 【详解】句意：汤米从不乘飞机旅行，因为他在飞机上感到不舒服。 考查频度副词辨析。often经常；always总是；usually通常；never从不。根据“because he feels sick on the plane”可知，因为他在飞机上感到不舒服，所以从不坐飞机。故选D。 18．D 【详解】句意：为了得到满分，这个男孩非常仔细地检查试卷。 考查副词。根据句子分析可知句子的主干完整，因此缺少副词需用“carefully仔细地”修饰“checked”，“enough”作副词修饰副词时通常置于被修饰词后面，因此用“carefully enough”。故选D 。 19．A 【详解】句意：朱迪为了得到A的成绩，足够仔细地检查她的作业。 考查副词及enough的用法。carefully仔细地，副词；careful仔细的，形容词。此处用副词修饰动词，enough修饰副词时置于其后。故选A。 20．C 【详解】句意：治疗越早，患者的机会就越大。 考查比较级用法。“the+比较级 ..., the+比较级 ...”表示“越……就越……”，是固定用法。故选C。 21．B 【详解】句意：老人坐了起来，生气地看着那个把他撞倒的人。 考查副词和形容词词义辨析。lonely孤独的；angrily生气地；lovely可爱的；friendly友好的。空处修饰动词looked，因此应用副词。根据“the person who knocked him down”可知，是有人把他撞倒了，因此他应该很生气。angrily符合语境。故选B。 22．A 【详解】句意：为了和她爸爸一起看日出，Mandy起得和他一样早。 考查副词原级。“as…as”中间用形容词或副词原级，修饰“got up”用副词early。故选A。 23．A 【详解】句意：如果你想养狗，一定要确保它有足够的空间自由奔跑。 考查副词用法。free自由的/自由地；quiet安静的；fit合适的；slow缓慢的/缓慢地。根据“make sure that it has enough space”可知，应该是给狗提供足够的空间让它自由奔跑；应用副词free修饰动词run。故选A。 24．D 【详解】句意：为了得满分，爱丽丝足够仔细地检查她的试卷。 考查词义辨析以及enough的位置。careful仔细的；carefully仔细地。此空修饰动词checked，应用副词carefully。enough修饰副词要放在其后，故选D。 25．C 【详解】句意：Elsie跳舞跳得很好，现在她和她的朋友们在房间里正跳得很优美。 考查副词修饰动词。friendly友好的，形容词；hardly几乎不，副词；beautifully优美地，副词；lovely可爱的，形容词。dancing为动词dance的现在分词，应用副词beautifully来修饰动词。故选C。 26．B 【详解】句意：为了实现我的梦想，我会尽我所能努力工作。 考查形容词、副词原级。so hardly as表达错误；as hard as和……一样努力，用于肯定句；as hardly as表达错误；so hard as和……一样努力，用于否定句。根据“I will work...I can”可知，是尽可能的努力工作。故选B。 27．D 【详解】句意：艾比的车驶近时，她兴奋地向母亲挥手。 考查词义辨析。excite使激动（动词）；excited激动的（形容词，修饰人）；exciting令人激动的（形容词，修饰事物）；excitedly兴奋地（副词）。分析题干可知，空格处是副词，用于修饰动词waved。故选D。 28．C 【详解】句意：研究人员表示，新材料不会像旧材料那样容易断裂。 考查形容词和副词辨析以及“as...as”结构。easy容易的（形容词）；easier更容易的（形容词比较级）；easily容易地（副词）；more easily更容易地（副词比较级）。分析题干可知，空格处是副词，用于修饰动词break，所以排除选项A和B；“as...as”结构的中间使用形容词或副词的原级。故选C。 29．A 【详解】句意：当母亲唱歌安慰她的孩子时，她看着他是多么温柔！ 考查副词和形容词。gently温柔地；lonely孤独；friendly友好；lovely可爱。根据“when she sang songs to comfort him!”可知是指当母亲唱歌安慰她的孩子时，她看着他是多么温柔，故选A。 30．B 【详解】句意：你好，Ben！你看起来比我第一次见到你更重了。 考查比较级。heavy原级；heavier比较级；heaviest最高级；the heaviest最高级。根据“than”可知，应是比较级heavier。故选B。 31．C 【详解】句意：那个卷发的小女孩穿着粉红色的裙子，看起来非常可爱。 考查形容词和副词辨析。honestly诚实地；happily开心地；lovely可爱的；seriously严肃地。根据“The little girl with curly hair looks…”可知，look为感官系动词，意为“看起来”，后接形容词作表语，lovely，形容词，意为“可爱的”符合题意。故选C。 32．B 【详解】句意：人口老龄化已经成为一个大问题，并且它在我国更加严重。 本题考查形容词的比较级。serious形容词的原级；more serious形容词的比较级；most serious形容词的最高级；the most serious形容词的最高级。根据题干“The aging population has become a big problem and it’s much … in our country.”可知，and后面的句子没有明确表示比较的对象，但结合句意及选项可知，此处是隐性的两者比较，即与前面的a big problem相比，人口老龄化在我国更加严重，空处应填比较级。故选B。 33．C 【详解】句意：当我完成一件工作时，我总是感到很高兴。 考查形容词的用法。pleasure快乐，名词；please使快乐，动词；pleased高兴的，形容词；pleasantly愉快地，副词。此处作feel的表语用形容词。故选C。 34．D 【详解】句意：河南博物馆成立于1927年，是中国最早的博物馆之一。 考查形容词最高级。early早的；earlier更早；earliest最早的。根据“Set up in 1927, the Henan Museum is one of China’s ... museums.”可知，“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”意为“最……之一”，故此处应用最高级earliest，且与定冠词the连用。故选D。 35．D 【详解】句意：许多人仍然认为电话是过去100年里最伟大的发明之一。 考查形容词最高级。本句考查固定句型：one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数+比较范围，表示“……中最……之一”，所以空处用形容词wonderful的最高级，最高级前用the修饰，故选D。 36．D 【详解】句意：茶卡盐湖，天空的镜子，是青海最受欢迎的目的地之一。 考查形容词最高级。less popular不那么受欢迎，形容词比较级；popular受欢迎的，形容词原级；more popular更受欢迎的，形容词比较级；the most popular最受欢的，形容词最高级。根据“is one of…destinations in Qinghai.”可知，此处是指将茶卡盐湖与青海的所有目的地进行对比，表示“最……之一”，应用形容词的最高级，其结构为“one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”。故选D。 37．D 【详解】句意：售货员给他展示了几部手机，他选了最便宜的一个。 考查形容词的最高级。根据“several mobile phones”可知，从多个手机中选择一个，是三者及三者以上之间，用最高级，又因为最高级前要加the，the cheapest“最便宜的”。故选D。 38．D 【详解】句意：上了足球课后，埃里克比以前强壮多了。太好了。 考查形容词。weak虚弱的；weaker更虚弱的，比较级；strong强壮的；stronger更强壮的，比较级。根据“That’s great.”可知是指比以前强壮多了。结合than，应用比较级。故选D。 39．A 【详解】句意：——你觉得电影《热辣滚烫》怎么样？——哦，我非常喜欢。我想我不会看到更好的了。 考查比较级和形容词辨析。better更好的；best最好的；worse更坏的；worst最坏的。根据“I like it very much”可知，说话者很喜欢，因此排除C和D选项。结合“I don’t think I will see a...one.”可知，说话者认为，与之相比，不会有比这更好的了。故选A。 40．B 【详解】句意：——你看迷你剧吗？——是的。我经常看它们。它们现在甚至比传统电视剧更受欢迎。 考查形容词比较级。popular“受欢迎的”，形容词；根据“even … than…”可知，此处应用形容词比较级more popular。故选B。 41．B 【详解】句意：这辆新能源汽车看起来对李先生很有吸引力，他决定马上买它。 考查形容词。attract吸引，动词；attractive有吸引力的，形容词；attractively迷人地，副词；attraction吸引，名词。根据空前“looked”可知，此处指看起来很有吸引力，形容词作表语。故选B。 42．B 【详解】句意：这位运动员将更加努力，争取在明年的比赛中取得更好的成绩。 考查形容词的比较级。good好的；better更好的；best最好的；the best最好的。根据“The sportsman will work harder”可知，此处是指通过更加努力地工作从而争取取得更好的成绩，所以应用形容词的比较级形式。故选B。 43．B 【详解】句意：开放包容的学校氛围让我充满了自信。 考查词义辨析。confidence自信，名词；confident自信的，充满信心的；confuse使迷惑，动词；confused困惑的。根据“The open and inclusive school atmosphere”和常识可知，“开放包容的环境”会使人“充满自信的”。故选B。 44．A 【详解】句意：我认为在我们的日常生活中，均衡的饮食和规律的锻炼一样重要。 考查形容词原级。important重要的，形容词原级；more important更重要的，形容词比较级；most important最重要的，形容词最高级，前用the修饰；the most important最重要的。根据“as…as”可知，此处表示均衡的饮食和规律的锻炼“一样重要”，应用“as+形容词原级+as”表达。故选A。 45．D 【详解】句意：崇明岛是中国第三大岛，文化底蕴深厚，风景秀丽。 考查形容词最高级。large大的，形容词原级；larger更大的，形容词比较级；largest最大的，形容词最高级。结合语境可知，此处表示“中国第三大岛”，应用“the+序数词+ 形容词最高级+名词+(其他)”表示。故选D。 46．D 【详解】句意：史密斯一家在岛上度假期间看到了他们所见过的最美的日落。 考查形容词最高级。根据“they had ever seen”可知应用最高级形式，且形容词最高级前需加定冠词the。故选D。 47．C 【详解】句意：这件有可爱卡通图案的衣服很适合我妹妹。她穿着它看起来非常可爱。 考查形容词和副词辨析。nicely漂亮地；gently绅士地，温柔地；lovely可爱的；happily开心地。横线前“looks”是系动词，后应该跟形容词，作表语，lovely，形容词，作表语，意为“可爱的”符合语境。故选C。 48．A 【详解】句意：穿蓝色的男子看起来友好因为他总是带着笑和他人说话。 考查形容词作表语。friendly形容词，友好的；gently副词，温柔地；sadly副词悲伤地；lonely形容词，孤独的。根据seem是系动词，所以横线上是形容词，排除BC，由于“talks to others with a smile”，可知是友好的。故选A。 49．D 【详解】句意：——这件T恤对我来说有点贵。——但是先生，这是店里最便宜的一件了。 考查形容词最高级。cheap便宜的；cheaper更便宜的；cheapest最便宜的。根据“in the shop”可知，应用形容词最高级，且与定冠词the连用。故选D。 50．C 【详解】句意：在山东，你还看到了什么别的东西？ 考查近义词用法辨析。another“另一个”，后接单数名词；else“别的”，只修饰不定代词和疑问代词，并一定放在它们的后面；other“别的”，后面接复数名词；others“别人”，相当于other people。故选C。 51．A 52．B 53．B 54．B 55．D 56．D 【导语】本文介绍了鞭炮造成了各种问题，并讨论了人们是否应该放鞭炮。 51．细节理解题。根据“I don’t think we should set off firecrackers (爆竹) during holidays.”；“Setting off firecrackers is a tradition during Chinese festivals.”；“I think we should control the setting off of firecrackers.”；“I think we can improve firecrackers.”以及“Firecrackers are dangerous and bad for the air.”可知，文章讨论了我们是否应该放鞭炮。故选A。 52．细节理解题。根据“It is really noisy.”以及“Besides, it brings air pollution and lots of rubbish.”可知，鞭炮引起了噪音，空气污染以及垃圾。故选B。 53．细节理解题。根据“They set them off to celebrate or wish a happy new year. The ceremony (仪式) is very important in Chinese people’s lives.”以及“We cannot give it up.”可知，刘然认为放鞭炮是有意义的，他会同意人们仍然应该放鞭炮。故选B。 54．细节理解题。根据“I think we can improve firecrackers.”可知，李青认为人们可以改良鞭炮。故选B。 55．细节理解题。根据“So I think we can use something else to replace them.”可知，张琪认为可以用别的东西来代替鞭炮。故选D。 56．推理判断题。文章介绍了鞭炮造成了各种问题，并讨论了人们是否应该放鞭炮，因此我们可以在报纸上看到这篇文章。故选D。 57．B 58．D 59．C 60．D 61．A 62．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了做实验是有趣的但是你必须小心。在上第一节实验课前一定要认真听老师读或解释的规则。作者还介绍了实验室的一些规则。 57． 细节理解题。根据“Listen carefully when your teacher reads and explains the rules before your first lab lesson.”可知，上第一节实验课前要认真听老师读和解释实验规则。故选B。 58．细节理解题。根据“Prepare all apparatuses (仪器) and put them in right places so that you will not knock them over while doing the experiment.”可知，每次实验前要准备好所有的仪器。故选D。 59．细节理解题。根据“If you are unsure how to use the apparatuses or how to operate, ask your teacher for help.”可知，如果不知道如何使用任何器械或操作，要向老师寻求帮助。故选C。 60．词句猜测题。根据假设的情景“If you spill any chemicals onto your body or clothing, wash with plenty of water and report to your teacher.”可知，如果把药品溅到了身体或者衣服上，要用大量的水冲洗，并且报告老师，因此推测该词的意思为“洒出，泼出，溢出”。故选D。 61．细节理解题。根据“Throw waste materials into proper waste baskets.”可知，废弃物要扔垃圾篮里。故选A。 62．细节理解题。根据“Never smell or taste chemicals unless your teacher gives permissions.”可知，没有老师的允许不可以闻或者尝药品。故选B。 63．B 64．D 65．D 66．A 67．C 68．D 【导语】本文讲述了一个人在沙漠中发现了一座旧木屋并从水泵中取水的故事。 63．细节理解题。根据“A man is travelling in the desert”可知，在沙漠中旅行。故选B。 64．细节理解题。根据“He loses heart, and sits on the ground.”可知，因此他丧失了信心。故选D。 65．细节理解题。根据“Then he sees a bottle near the water pump. It is full of water and there is a note on it.”可知，他看到了一瓶水和一张纸条。故选D。 66．词义猜测题。根据“If he drinks the water, he may be able to survive in the desert for a while”可知，如果他喝了这些水，他也许能在沙漠中存活一段时间，因此划线单词的意思是“生存”。故选A。 67．推理判断题。根据“You must put the water into the water pump to get water out of it. Don’t forget to fill this bottle when you leave.”可推知，必须把水放在水泵里才能把水抽出来，因此他是因为留纸条的人想帮助其他旅行者。故选C。 68．最佳标题题。根据“If he drinks the water, he may be able to survive in the desert for a while, but if he puts the water into the water pump, he may get enough water to help him get out of the desert, or may get nothing. Finally, he puts the whole bottle of water into the water pump. He again tries to pump water out, and this time plenty of water comes out.”可知，这篇文章与“给予和得到”有关。故选D。 69．A 70．C 71．A 72．B 73．D 74．B 【导语】本文分别讲述了三个人旅途中发生的故事。 69．细节理解题。根据“The sting, on both legs, was painful, and it was only then that I discovered that two people had died from jellyfish stings that year. I now understood why the beach was almost empty.”可知，Pauline的双腿被水母蜇得很痛，那年有两个人死于水母蜇伤，Pauline在马来西亚的海滩之旅对水母的回忆并不美好。故选A。 70．细节理解题。根据“The sting, on both legs, was painful, and it was only then that I discovered that two people had died from jellyfish stings that year. I now understood why the beach was almost empty.”可知，Pauline度假的海滩很美丽，但空无一人，是因为生活在那的水母非常危险。故选C。 71．细节理解题。根据“By pure chance, we passed a small cabin, made a dash for that, jumped inside and locked the door. … After quite a long time, the bear lost interest and we were able to leave the shelter.”可知，Sandy Henderson和他的朋友通过躲在隐蔽处保护自己免受熊袭击。故选A。 72．推理判断题。根据“We were in a beautiful part of Denmark, but we never had the chance to stop and look at anywhere properly. And in the evenings, all I wanted to do was sleep!”可知，Harry Green认为他每天和朋友Dan的家人一起骑自行车是无聊的。故选B。 73．细节理解题。根据“My friend’s dad just kept saying, ‘Serves you right for spending so much time playing computer games!’”可知，Dan的爸爸认为Harry必须努力跟上他们是因为他花了太多时间玩电脑游戏。故选D。 74．推理判断题。阅读全文可知，本文分别讲述了三个人旅途中发生的故事。这三个人向我们讲述了他们的故事来分享他们的经历。故选B。 75．D 76．A 77．B 78．B 79．C 80．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们在自然动物园通过支付一年的所有食物费用，可以有机会“收养”动物。 75．细节理解题。根据“One of the animals that needed parents was a young tiger named Brocky.”可知，Brocky是一只需要养育的小老虎。故选D。 76．细节理解题。根据“The people at the zoo said that it would cost about $900 a year for the food for Brocky. Not many boys and girls have $900 to spend. That is why several hundred children and grown-ups each have sent a little money to the zoo to help pay for Brocky’s food.”可知几百人捐钱给动物园帮助Brocky，因为它的食物太贵，一个人买不起。故选A。 77．细节理解题。根据“Many children must also be happy to know that they have helped to feed him. It really will be cool for those children to go to the Natural Zoo to visit their adopted tiger Brocky.”可知是高兴的和兴奋的。故选B。 78．细节理解题。根据“Since so many people sent money to the zoo to help pay for Brocky’s food, he now will be able to eat as much as he wants.”可知Brocky现在可以不挨饿地生活了。故选B。 79．推理判断题。根据“Since so many people sent money to the zoo to help pay for Brocky’s food, he now will be able to eat as much as he wants.”及通读全文可知，许多人善待动物。故选C。 80．词义猜测题。根据“Although this sounds very unusual, some children have done just this. The Natural Zoo has given people the chance to adopt animals by paying for all of its food for one year.”可知，人们可以通过支付动物食物费用的方式“收养”动物，“adopt”与“choose and raise”意思相近。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 形容词副词讲练（50题）+阅读A篇精讲（5篇） 核心考点聚焦 1 考点一：形容词、副词词义辨析 1 考点二：形容词、副词的比较等级 2 考点三：形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语和复合形容词 3 考点四：阅读理解A篇技巧 4 题型一：细节理解题 4 题型二：主旨大意题 7 题型三：词义猜测题 9 题型四：推理判断题 10 当堂限时检测 11 核心考点聚焦 考点一：形容词、副词词义辨析 1.1.中考词义理解常考的形容词、副词 active积极的 angry 生气的 alone单独，独自 brave 勇敢的 bright明亮的 calm平静的，镇静的 careful仔细的，认真的 valuable 有价值的 cheap便宜的 comfortable 舒适的 creative 创造（性）的 crowded 拥挤的 dangerous 危险的 different不同的 energetic充满活力的 fresh 新鲜的 expensive 昂贵的 funny 有趣的 healthy健康的 honest诚实的 humorous 幽默的 hungry饥饿的 important 重要的 lonely孤单的，寂寞的 loudly 大声地 luckily 幸运地 natural 自然的 nervous 紧张的 noisy吵闹的 normal 正常的 opposite对立的，相反的 outgoing 外向的 patient耐心的 pleased快乐的 quiet 安静的 similar相似的 simple简单的 sleepy 困倦的 special特殊的 strange 奇怪的 strict 严格的 successful成功的 suddenly 突然地 traditional 传统的 worried担心的 1.2.-ing 形容词和－ed形容词的区别 －ing形容词 表示主动意义，一般修饰物，多指物对人的影响 interesting 有趣的surprising 令人惊讶的tiring令人疲倦的 －ed形容词 表示被动意义，主语一般是人，多指人对事物的感受。 interested 感兴趣的surprised感到惊讶的tired感到疲惫的 1.3.常见的频率副词辨析 always 意为“一直，总是”，相当于all the time,表示动作或状态从来没有间断过The sun always rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳总是东升西落。 usually 意为“通常”，即很少有例外 often 意为“常常，经常”，不如usually 那么频繁 sometimes 意为“有时”，表示动作偶尔发生 seldom 意为“很少，罕见，不常”She seldom showed her feelings.她很少表露自己的情绪。 hardly 意为“几乎不，几乎没有”He could hardly speak.他几乎说不出话来。 never 意为“从来不，从来没有”。I've never seen her.我从未见过她。 1.4.enough的用法 enough 修饰形容词、副词时，要放在形容词、副词的后面；修饰名词时，放名词前后均可。 例I am old enough to look after myself.我足够大了，能照顾好我自己。 考点二：形容词、副词的比较等级 2.1.形容词、副词比较等级的构成 (1)规则变化: 单音节和部分双音节词通常在词尾加-er, -est构成比较级和最高级。 long-- longer-- longest tall-- taller-- tallest 以不发音的e结尾的词只在词尾加-r，-st。 large- -larger --largest late---later--latest 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词则应先将y变为i,再加-er, -est。 busy--busier--busiest easy--easier--easiest 以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母的词，则双写这个辅音字母，再加-er, -est big--bigger-- biggest hot- -hotter- -hottest 多音节和部分双音节词在其前加more, most构成比较级和最高级。 difficult -more difficult -most difficult quickly- more quickly -most quickly (2)不规则变化 good/well→better→best much/many→more→most far→farther/further→farthest/furthest little→less→least 2.2.原级意义的表示 “as+形容词／副词原级＋as” 表示双方在程度、特征等方面相等； “not as/so+形容词／副词原级＋as” 表示“······不如······”。The cake is as heavy as the stone.蛋糕和那块石头一样重。 2.3.比较级意义的表示 “形容词／副词比较级＋than” 表示一方超过或低于另一方的情况，意为“·····高于或低于······”。 Lucy is prettier than her sister.露西比她的妹妹漂亮。 “比较级＋and+比较级” 意为“越来越··.···”。 More and more people are losing their jobs.越来越多的人失业。 “the+比较级，the+比较级” 常表示一方的程度随着另一方的程度平行增长，意为“越......越......”。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯的错误就会越少。 “the+比较级＋of the two(+名词）” 表示“两者中较······的”。 Look at the two boys. Ben is the taller of the two.看那两个男孩，本是两个人中较高的那个。 2.4.最高级意义的表示 “the+最高级＋比较范围” 表示“······是······中最······的”。 Who gets up the earliest of all in your dormitory?你们宿舍谁起得最早？ “one of the+最高级＋复数名词” 表示“最······之一”。 The river is one of the longest rivers in our country.这条河是我国最长河流之一。 比较级用于否定句或与never,nothing等否定词连用 表示最高级含义。 I've never had a more pleasant trip before.我以前从未有过如此快乐的旅行。（这是最快乐的一次旅行） 考点三：形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语和复合形容词 3.1.形容词、副词比较等级的修饰语 常见的修饰原级的词有very,quite,so,too等。 My brother runs so fast that I can't follow him. 我弟弟跑得这么快，以至于我追不上他。 常见的修饰比较级的词有much,a lot,far,a little,a bit,even,still 等。 I enjoyed it far more than I expected. 我喜欢的程度远远超出了原先的期望。 常见的修饰最高级的词有by far,much,almost,nearly或序数词等。 Watching matches was by far the most popular activity on Saturday afternoons. 周六下午看体育比赛是目前为止最受欢迎的活动。 3.2.复合形容词 “基数词－名词单数／名词单数－ed”或“基数词－名词单数－形容词”构成复合形容词。 500-meter-long 500米长的 four-storeyed4层楼的 It is good to take a 15-minute walk after supper.晚饭后散步15分钟是有好处的 考点四：阅读理解A篇技巧 题型一：细节理解题 在阅读理解题目中,有一大半是考查细节和事实的题目。这类题目相对容易一些。 【问】什么是细节理解题？ 细节题主要考查考生对文章中阐述主题的细节与具体事实的把握能力。 内容涉及询问事实、原因、结果、目的等。 【问】如何判断一道题是否是细节理解题？ 细节理解题常见的提问形式： (1)特殊疑问词提问类型 •When can you go to...? •Where can...? •How many ways can... •We can learn from the last paragraph that ______. •You may... because... (2)True or NOT true 是非判断类型 •Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? •Which of the following is TRUE? •Which of the following is NOT true? •Which of the following is true EXCEPT________ 细节理解题的标志：when,where,why,how ,which,because,TRUE/true,EXCEPT/except 【问】细节理解题有什么特征？ 细节理解题有三个共同特点: 1.细节理解题的题干和原文有关键词重合 2.正确答案都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证 3.正确答案常见特征为:等价替换 等价替换的类型1：同一单词不同词性等价 behave—behavior move—movement dark—darkness safe-safety 等价替换的常见类型2：不同单词同义等价 form—way dark—not bright online —on the Internet 等价替换的常见类型3： 句式意思等价 I am taller than Tom. =Tom is not as tall as me.=Tom is shorter than me. 【问】如何解细节理解题 ？ 解题技巧：划-定-比 1、划：划出题干关键词 2、定：原文中定位关键词所在句 3、比：对比原文关键词所在上下句和选项 【步骤1】划：划出题干关键词 【问】什么是关键词？ 定位关键词的选择原则： （1）大写字母 （2）数字 （3）名词（常见标志：a/an/the/many/much/some+n、n(s)） （4）动词（常见标志：ing/ed/to/s） 注意：关键词数量一般2-4个最佳，以防1个词无法定位。 【例】划出下列题干的关键词： According to the passage, the umbrella was probably first used in ancient _______. 【步骤2】定：定位关键词所在原文中的句子 【问】如何定位？ 【定位技巧1】题文同序原则 题目出现的顺序与答案在文中出现的顺序一致。如，第1题答案常常在第1-2段，第2题答案在第1题后 【定位技巧2】根据常考出题点 (1)中心句(段首句，段尾句) (2)转折关系： however，but ，yet (3)因果关系： because，so (4)举例关系: for example，such as ，like (5)敏感词(唯一性信息):最高级;序数词 (6)特殊符号: ——、 “ ”、 ：、 （ ）、● (7)特殊标记：加粗，斜体，划线、中文 (1)中心句(首段首句，尾段尾句) (2)转折关系：however，but ，yet (3)因果关系：because，so (4)举例关系:for example，such as ，like (5)特殊符号: ——、 “ ”、 ：、 （ ）、● (6)特殊标记：加粗，斜体，划线、中文、数字、大写 【步骤3】比：对比原文关键词所在上下句和选项 正确选项特征： （1）原文复现（一模一样） （2）同义替换（同义词替换） （3）信息整合（总结归纳） （4）语气委婉（may,might），无绝对化词汇（must，only，always，never，none，all） 错误选项特征： （1）张冠李戴/偷梁换柱 （2）无中生有 （3）以偏概全，范围不当 （4）绝对化（must，only，never，none，all，any） 题型二：主旨大意题 【问】什么是主旨大意题？ 主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。 主旨大意题的测试内容主要侧重“概括文章大意”和“确定文章的最佳标题”。 【问】如何判断一道题是否是主旨大意题？ 主旨大意题 常见的提问形式： (1) The best title of this passage is... (2) What is the main purpose of the passage? (3) What is the passage mainly about? (4) What's the main idea / topic of the passage? 【提示】判断主旨大意题的关键词： main idea ,title ,purpose, mainly 【问】如何解主旨大意题 ？ 抓关键词、关键句 （1）首段首句+各段首句+尾段尾句 （2）疑问句 （3）转折句（but,however,yet） （4）特殊字眼：研究发现（report/research/study +find/show） （5）中文提示词 【类型1】（首尾呼应式） 同学们，我们这节课，来讲解阅读理解的解题技巧。 阅读理解主要分为四种题型：主旨大意题、细节理解题、词义猜测题、推理判断题。 首先，我们来看阅读理解之主旨大意题的解题技巧...... 然后，我们来看阅读理解之细节理解题的解题技巧...... 接下来，我们来看阅读理解之词义猜测题的解题技巧...... 最后，我们来看阅读理解之推理判断题的解题技巧...... 在课程最后，我们来总结一下本节课内容。我们讲解了阅读理解的四种题型的解题技巧，大家需要多结合阅读理解题去加以训练。 【问】这篇文章主要讲了什么 ？ A. 主旨大意题的解题技巧 B.细节理解题的解题技巧 C. 词义猜测题的解题技巧 D.阅读理解的四种题型的解题技巧 【类型2】（铺垫式） 同学们，上这节课之前，我们先来做一个物理实验。 （实验看到一根筷子放在水中看似断开了...） 在上面这个实验中，我们发现筷子断了。那么，为什么筷子看起来会断呢？ 这就涉及到我们本节课要讲的内容——光的折射。 ...... 【问】这篇文章主要讲了什么？ A. 筷子的实验 B.光的折射 C.一个物理实验 【类型3】 先抑后扬类 在英语教学过程中，我发现很多同学记单词的方法是这样的：每天看着课文单词，看3分钟，以为就自己记住了。 但是，这个记单词的方法真的有效吗？根据我的英语教学经验，这样的单词记忆方法导致的结果是：结果考试时，出现这些单词时，发现全部忘记了... 如果我们要记单词，正确的方式要遵循以下几个原则： 第一，重复原则 第二，语境记忆原则 【问】这篇文章主要讲了什么？ A. 英语教学 B.看着课文记单词 C.记单词的有效方法 D.重复原则 【问】主旨大意题的答案有哪些特点？ 正确选项的特点: （1）不含细节信息和表绝对意义的词 （2）中心词多为抽象名词（problem, history, way, difference, importance等） （3）能概括文章全部内容 干扰选项的特点: （1）细节性的描述 （2）范围扩大 题型三：词义猜测题 【问】什么是词义猜测题？ 猜测词义题是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇的信息、逻辑、背景知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、难词、关键词的意义。 【问】如何判断一道题是否是词义猜测题？ 词义猜测题常见的提问形式： 1. What does the underlined word “…” mean? 2. The underlined word “….” can be replaced by ________. 3. The underlined word “…” probably means ________. 4. By saying “…”, the writer means ________. 5. The word “…” in the passage probably means ________. 【提示】判断词义猜测题的关键词：mean ,meaning ,underlined 【问】如何解此意猜测题 ？ 基本原则：忠于原文 返回原文，找出生词出现的地方，答案经常隐藏在该词汇出现的地方 猜测词义的方法主要有: 【方法1】定义或解释说明 【方法2】举例说明 【方法3】同义词、近义词、反义词 【方法4】逻辑关系提示 题型四：推理判断题 【问】什么是推理判断题？ 推理判断题，着重考查根据文章内容推断出文章的出处和读者等。 【问】如何判断一道题是否是推理判断题？ 推理判断题常见的提问形式： 1.This passages is probably from_______. （文章出处题） 2.We can probably see the passage in _______. （文章出处题） 3. This passage is mainly written for _______. （文章读者题） 4. This library guide is for_______. （文章读者题） 【提示】判断推理判断题的关键词：passage, can, could, might, may, probably 1.常考文章出处 book review ________ science report ________ magazine ________ travel guide ________ website ________ advertisement ________ novel ________ poster ________ notice ________ letter 书信 newspaper 报纸 instruction ________ 2.常考文章读者相关单词 teacher 教师 parent 父母 child 孩子 student 学生 visitor 参观者 worker 工作人员 police 警察 teenager 青少年 【问】如何解推理判断题？ 1.文章出处题 结合文章内容来进行分析与判断 (1)文章前面有日期、地址或通讯地址→newspaper, news report ; (2)新产品/影片/演出/夏令营介绍→advertisement ，poster; (3)旅游景点介绍→travel guide ; (4)科普知识/研究介绍→science report/study report ; (5)对某设备、产品等做出介绍→product instruction ; (6)时尚、名人或娱乐方面的介绍→magazine; (7)文章中有 online，web, click，video或http:/www→website 2.文章读者题 结合有关身份信息来进行分析与判断 (1) your teachers →students (2)your parents →kids/children (3)your kids →parents (4)your patient→doctors 当堂限时检测 一、单项选择 1．（23-24九年级下·上海嘉定·阶段练习）—I like the songs by Li Jian. —Me too. I think no one can sing as________as him in the programme I am a singer. A．well B．better C．best D．the best 2．（22-23八年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Policemen found out the truth at last because they observed everything ________. A．as careful as they could B．as more careful as they could C．as carefully as they could D．as more carefully as they could 3．（23-24八年级上·上海普陀·期末）With my teacher’s help, I can run much _______ than before. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 4．（23-24八年级下·上海浦东新·期中）Passengers prefer a high-speed train because it travels much ________ than the ordinary train. A．quick B．quicker C．quickly D．more quickly 5．（2023·上海长宁·一模）5G technology will enable information to spread as ________ as possible. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 6．（2023·上海闵行·二模）With the help of the new skill, the boy can run ________ than before. A．fast B．faster C．fastest D．the fastest 7．（2023·上海崇明·二模）The foreigner spoke English as ________ as he could so as to make us understand him. A．clearly B．more clearly C．most clearly D．the most clearly 8．（2023·上海静安·二模）To travel a short distance, a mobike enables you to go ________ than going by car. A．faster B．fast C．fastest D．the fastest 9．（23-24九年级上·上海青浦·期末）If you give your dogs some basic instructions, they will behave ________ in public. A．well B．quick C．nice D．good 10．（2024·上海宝山·二模）With the teacher’s help, that little girl worked out the maths problem as ________ as her deskmate did. A．quick B．quickly C．quicker D．more quickly 11．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）After three months on a low-fat diet, Mary looks much ________ than before. A．thin B．thinner C．thinnest D．the thinnest 12．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）The main character in the movie is a robot and he sounds ________. A．lovely B．gently C．warmly D．happily 13．（2024·上海长宁·二模）The music on the radio sounded ________ and helped get rid of my sad feeling at once. A．loudly B．lonely C．lively D．kindly 14．（2024·上海崇明·二模）Nature suggests that climate change is even _________ than scientists have predicted. A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 15．（23-24八年级上·上海金山·期末）He is ________ enough to carry such a heavy box. A．strong B．stronger C．much stronger D．the strongest 16．（22-23八年级下·上海金山·期中）You should treat him more ________. A．polite B．politely C．impolitely D．impolite 17．（23-24八年级下·上海闵行·期中）Tommy ________ goes travelling by air, because he feels sick on the plane. A．often B．always C．usually D．never 18．（23-24八年级下·上海徐汇·期中）The boy checked his test paper ________ in order to get full marks. A．enough careful B．enough carefully C．careful enough D．carefully enough 19．（23-24八年级下·上海浦东新·期中）Judy checked her homework ________ in order to get A grades. A．carefully enough B．careful enough C．enough careful D．enough carefully 20．（21-22九年级下·上海徐汇·期中）________ the treatment is given, the better the patient’s chances are. A．Early B．Earlier C．The earlier D．The earliest 21．（2023·上海青浦·一模）The old man sat up and looked ________ at the person who knocked him down. A．lonely B．angrily C．lovely D．friendly 22．（2023·上海浦东新·一模）Mandy got up as ________ as her father in order to see the sunrise with him. A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．the earliest 23．（2023·上海黄浦·二模）If you want to keep a dog, make sure that it has enough space to run ________. A．free B．quiet C．fit D．slow 24．（2023·上海奉贤·二模）Alice checked her test paper ______ in order to get a full mark. A．enough careful B．enough carefully C．careful enough D．carefully enough 25．（23-24九年级上·上海浦东新·期中）Elsie is a good dancer, and now she is dancing ________ with her friends in the room. A．friendly B．hardly C．beautifully D．lovely 26．（23-24九年级下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）I will work ________ I can to make my dream come true. A．so hardly as B．as hard as C．as hardly as D．so hard as 27．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）Abby waved _________ to her mother when her car approached. A．excite B．excited C．exciting D．excitedly 28．（2024·上海浦东新·二模）Researchers say the new material will not break as _______ as the old one. A．easy B．easier C．easily D．more easily 29．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）How ________ the mother looked at her baby when she sang songs to comfort him! A．gently B．lonely C．friendly D．lovely 30．（2024·上海杨浦·二模）Hey Ben! You look _________ than I first saw you. A．heavy B．heavier C．heaviest D．the heaviest 31．（2024·上海黄浦·二模）The little girl with curly hair looks ________ in her pink skirt. A．honestly B．happily C．lovely D．seriously 32．（2024·上海普陀·二模）The aging population has become a big problem and it’s much __________ in our country. A．serious B．more serious C．most serious D．the most serious 33．（2024·上海普陀·二模）I always feel __________ when I’ve finished a piece of work. A．pleasure B．please C．pleased D．pleasantly 34．（2024·上海徐汇·二模）Set up in 1927, the Henan Museum is one of China’s ________ museums. A．early B．earlier C．earliest D．the earliest 35．（2024·上海虹口·二模）Many people still believe one of ________ inventions of the past 100 years is the telephone. A．wonderful B．more wonderful C．most wonderful D．the most wonderful 36．（2024·上海闵行·二模）Chaka (茶卡) Salt Lake, the mirror of the sky, is one of ________ destinations in Qinghai. A．less popular B．popular C．more popular D．the most popular 37．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The salesman showed him several mobile phones and he chose ________ one. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest 38．（2024·河北保定·一模）After taking football lessons, Eric is much ________ than before. That’s great. A．weak B．weaker C．strong D．stronger 39．（23-24九年级下·江西赣州·阶段练习）—What do you think of the movie YOLO (《热辣滚烫》)? —Oh, I like it very much. I don’t think I will see a ________ one. A．better B．best C．worse D．worst 40．（2024·上海松江·二模）—Do you watch mini dramas? —Yes. I often watch them. They are now even ________ than traditional TV series. A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 41．（2024·上海松江·二模）The new-energy car looked very ________ to Mr Li and he decided to buy it immediately. A．attract B．attractive C．attractively D．attraction 42．（2024·上海徐汇·一模）The sportsman will work harder and try to get ________ results at next year’s competition. A．good B．better C．best D．the best 43．（2024·上海金山·二模）The open and inclusive (包容的) school atmosphere made me feel . A．confidence B．confident C．confuse D．confused 44．（2024·上海金山·二模）I think balanced diets are as as regular exercise in our daily life. A．important B．more important C．most important D．the most important 45．（2024·上海金山·二模）Chongming Island is island in China, rich in culture and with beautiful scenery. A．third large B．third larger C．third largest D．the third largest 46．（2024·上海嘉定·二模）The Smiths saw ________ sunset they had ever seen during a holiday on the island. A．beautiful B．most beautiful C．more beautiful D．the most beautiful 47．（2024·上海青浦·二模）The dress with cute cartoon images fits my sister very well. She looks ________ in it. A．nicely B．gently C．lovely D．happily 48．（2024·上海宝山·二模）The man in blue seems ________ because he always talks to others with a smile. A．friendly B．gently C．sadly D．lonely 49．（2024·上海杨浦·三模）—The T-shirt is a bit expensive for me. —But sir, this is _______ one in the shop. A．cheap B．cheaper C．cheapest D．the cheapest 50．（23-24八年级下·广东深圳·课后作业）What __________ things did you see in Shandong? A．another B．else C．other D．others 二、阅读理解 （22-23八年级下·上海奉贤·期末）Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) Wang Xingyue, 14, Shanghai I don’t think we should set off firecrackers (爆竹) during holidays. It is really noisy. Some people fire them during midnight. People around cannot sleep well. Besides, it brings air pollution and lots of rubbish. Most people do not clean the rubbish after they set off firecrackers. So I think there is no need to set them off anymore during holidays. Liu Ran, 14, Shandong Setting off firecrackers is a tradition during Chinese festivals. They set them off to celebrate or wish a happy new year. The ceremony (仪式) is very important in Chinese people’s lives. And it also reminds us of one of the four great inventions of China, gunpowder (火药). We cannot give it up. Lin Yisong, 15, Zhejiang I think we should control the setting off of firecrackers. During holidays, the government could get people together in a place. They can set off some firecrackers or fireworks and people can watch. It is safer to do this and people can also enjoy their holiday tradition. Li Qing, 14, Jiangsu I think we can improve firecrackers. The firecrackers we use now are dangerous. That’s why we cannot set them off freely. But if we can make them safer and better for the air, we wouldn’t have to give them up. Zhang Qi, 14, Guangxi Firecrackers are dangerous and bad for the air. But it is really an important tradition in Chinese festivals. So I think we can use something else to replace them. For example, we can use LED fireworks instead. It is also beautiful and attractive. And it is much safer. Even kids can play with them. 51．What are the teenagers discussing? A．Whether we should set off firecrackers. B．What traditions we have for Spring Festival. C．Ways to set off firecrackers. D．How to improve firecrackers. 52．What problems does setting of fireworks cause? a. It is noisy.     b. It creates air pollution.    c. It wastes electricity.   d. creates rubbish A．abc B．abd C．acd D．bed 53．Who most strongly agreed that people should still set off firecrackers? A．Wang Xingyue. B．Liu Ran. C．Li Qing. D．Zhang Qi. 54．What suggestion does Li Qing give? A．Setting off firecrackers in certain places. B．Improving firecrackers. C．using LED fireworks instead of real ones. D．Never setting off firecrackers. 55．In whose opinion, can we use something else to replace firecrackers? A．Wang Xingyue’s. B．Liu Ran’s. C．Li Qing’s. D．Zhang Qi’s. 56．Where can we probably read this passage? A．In a travel guide. B．On an advertisement. C．In a group discussion. D．In a newspaper. （22-23八年级下·上海浦东新·期末）Lab work is fun but you must be careful. Listen carefully when your teacher reads and explains the rules before your first lab lesson. LAB RULES Throughout the lessons Do not enter the science lab without the teacher’s permission. No food or drinks are allowed in science lab. Before the experiment Read all instructions carefully before every experiment. Prepare all apparatuses (仪器) and put them in right places so that you will not knock them over while doing the experiment. During the experiment If you are unsure how to use the apparatuses or how to operate, ask your teacher for help. Never smell or taste chemicals unless your teacher gives permissions. After the experiment Throw waste materials into proper waste baskets. Wash all apparatuses after use and return them to the places where they were. Never smell or taste chemicals unless your teacher gives permissions. First Aid Report all accidents to your teacher immediately. If you spill any chemicals onto your body or clothing, wash with plenty of water and report to your teacher. 57．You must know the LAB RULES ________ the first lab lesson. A．since B．before C．during D．after 58．It is necessary for you to ________ before every experiment. A．read some instructions B．take enough food and drinks C．smell chemicals immediately D．make all apparatuses ready 59．If you are not sure how to use the apparatuses,________. A．read the rules carefully B．try then again and again C．ask your teacher for help D．return all apparatuses to the places where they were 60．The under tin ed word “spill” means ________. A．take care of B．run out of C．fall off D．pour out in drips 61．You should put the waste materials into the ________. A．waste baskets B．paper bag C．bin D．packet 62．When you are in the science lab, you mustn’t ________. A．be careful in order to prevent injury B．taste chemicals without the teacher’s permission C．listen carefully when your teacher explains the rules D．wash all apparatuses after use （23-24八年级下·上海崇明·期中）A man is travelling in the desert and he loses his way. He has no water to drink and thinks he will die. After walking for two days, he finds an old wooden house. He enters the house, and finds a water pump (水泵). He is very excited, and goes to pump some water, but no water comes out. He loses heart, and sits on the ground. Then he sees a bottle near the water pump. It is full of water and there is a note on it. It says, “You must put the water into the water pump to get water out of it. Don’t forget to fill this bottle when you leave.” He looks at the bottle of water, and can’t decide what to do. If he drinks the water, he may be able to survive in the desert for a while, but if he puts the water into the water pump, he may get enough water to help him get out of the desert, or may get nothing. Finally, he puts the whole bottle of water into the water pump. He again tries to pump water out, and this time plenty of water comes out. He drinks as much as he can, and fills the bottle with water again. A few days later, he walks out of the desert. 63．A man is travelling ________. A．in the forest B．in the desert C．in the mountain D．in a foreign country 64．The man sits on the ground because ________. A．he is too tired B．he wants to find water C．he has no water to drink D．he loses his heart to get water 65．What does he see near the water pump? A．An empty bottle. B．A note. C．Nothing. D．A bottle of water and a note. 66．What does the word “survive” mean in the passage? A．生存 B．毁灭 C．漂浮 D．抱怨 67．Why does the note tell the man not to forget to fill this bottle with water? A．Because there is enough water in the desert. B．Because the man who leaves the note wants to come back again. C．Because the man who leaves the note wants to help other travelers. D．Because it’s easy to pump some water. 68．The best title for this story is “________”. A．A trip B．A man and a pump C．Desert D．To give or to get （23-24八年级下·上海宝山·期中）Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案): Pauline Vernon—Malaysia My dad was teaching in Kota Bharu, Malaysia. When my mum and I flew out to visit him for three weeks, he had already organized our stay in great detail. On our first evening, we had a party on the beach. It was a beautiful empty beach: palm trees, white sand, the warm gentle waters of the South China Sea. I swam in the shallow water thinking “this is the life,” when a jellyfish (水母) swam between my legs. The sting, on both legs, was painful, and it was only then that I discovered that two people had died from jellyfish stings that year. I now understood why the beach was almost empty. Sandy Henderson—the U. S. A． I was camping in Yosemite National Park in California with a friend, when I awoke to the sound of screaming. I looked out of my tent and saw my friend trying to get out of his sleeping bag, with a giant black bear standing up behind him. I quickly climbed out and we both rushed in no particular direction. By pure chance, we passed a small cabin, made a dash for that, jumped inside and locked the door. Seconds later, the bear was scraping at the door trying to get into the cabin we were hiding inside of. We were so afraid that the door would be pushing open that we put all of our weight against it to keep it closed. After quite a long time, the bear lost interest and we were able to leave the shelter. Harry Green—Denmark I went to Denmark with my friend Dan’s family on a cycling holiday. I had been a little bit worried about what the weather was going to be like, but I needn’t have done so. It was lovely and sunny! What did end up being a problem, however, was how far we had to cycle every day. All of the members of my friend’s family were incredibly fit, and while I’m fairly sporty too, I struggled (奋力) to keep up, even though I’d had a great night’s sleep. My friend’s dad just kept saying, “Serves you right for spending so much time playing computer games!” He didn’t seem to understand how hard I was finding it. We were in a beautiful part of Denmark, but we never had the chance to stop and look at anywhere properly. And in the evenings, all I wanted to do was sleep! 69．Pauline enjoyed all of the following things about her visit to the beach in Malaysia except for ________. A．the jellyfish B．the sands C．the trees D．the waters 70．The beach Pauline visited was beautiful but empty because ________. A．no one wanted to have a party on the beach B．the water along the beach was too shallow C．the jellyfish that live in the water there are very dangerous D．the weather there was too hot 71．How did Sandy Henderson and his friend keep themselves safe from the bear? A．By hiding in a shelter. B．By climbing out of their sleeping bags. C．By screaming for help. D．By running and shouting. 72．Harry Green thought it was ________ for him to cycle with his friend Dan’s family every day. A．interesting B．tiring C．relaxing D．exciting 73．According to Dan’s father, why did Harry have to struggle to keep up with them? A．Because he hadn’t gotten enough sleep. B．Because he hadn’t practiced cycling that much. C．Because he had spent too much time doing his homework. D．Because he had spent too much time playing computer games. 74．The three people told us their stories to ________. A．make fun of themselves B．share their experiences C．finish their homework D．warn readers to be careful （22-23八年级下·上海黄浦·期末）Would you like to adopt an animal? Although this sounds very unusual, some children have done just this. The Natural Zoo has given people the chance to adopt animals by paying for all of its food for one year. One of the animals that needed parents was a young tiger named Brocky. The people at the zoo said that it would cost about $900 a year for the food for Brocky. Not many boys and girls have $900 to spend. That is why several hundred children and grown-ups each have sent a little money to the zoo to help pay for Brocky’s food. Some children sent in only a quarter because that was all the money they had. Other children sent in more money than that. Since so many people sent money to the zoo to help pay for Brocky’s food, he now will be able to eat as much as he wants. Brocky surely must be a happy tiger to know that he has so many adopted parents. Many children must also be happy to know that they have helped to feed him. It really will be cool for those children to go to the Natural Zoo to visit their adopted tiger Brocky. 75．Brocky is ________. A．an animal zoo B．an adopted child C．a tiger without children’s love D．a tiger in need of adoption 76．Several hundred people give money to the zoo to help Brocky because ________. A．its food is too expensive for one person to afford B．people don’t want to spend too much money on Brocky C．people don’t love Brocky enough D．the zoo forces them to do so 77．Children will be ________ if they go to the zoo to visit the tiger Brocky. A．frightened B．excited and happy C．nervous D．surprised 78．With so many people’s money, Brocky now can ________. A．play with many toys B．live without being hungry C．eat meat every day D．have an air-conditioned room to live in 79．We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________. A．zoos are too poor to feed the animals B．there are too many animals in the zoo C．many people are kind to animals D．children love animals better than adults do 80．The underlined word “adopt” probably means “________”. A．choose and raise B．look after C．buy D．give a name 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$