精品解析：天津市第四十七中学2023-2024学年高二下学期6月月考英语试题

天津市第四十七中学2023—2024第二学期高二年级 第二次阶段性检测 英语试卷 第I卷 (共三部分; 满分 115分) 第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a bank. C. In a supermarket. 2. What will the whether be like tomorrow? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy. 3. What does James plan to do this afternoon? A. Go shopping. B. Attend a party. C. Do some decorations. 4. How many languages are there in Google Translate? A. 133. B. 157. C. 300. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their neighbors. B. Their holiday plans. C. Their favorite part-time jobs. 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6 What is the man? A. A driver. B. A teacher. C. A mechanic. 7. What will Meg do on Sunday? A. Go to the post office. B. Finish some paperwork. C. Leave for another country. 8. When will the man meet Meg? A At 11:00 am. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 3:00 pm. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. Who is the man’s favorite player? A. Messi. B. Neymar. C. Cristiano Ronaldo. 10. What does the man explain about the 2022 World Cup? A. The influence. B. The time change. C. The best players. 11. Which country has won the most World Cups? A. Italy. B. Brazil. C. Germany. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12. How long did the two men spend at sea? A. One week. B. About 20 days. C. About one month. 13. What was the two men’s attitude toward their adventure? A. Positive. B. Ambiguous. C. Negative. 14. What did the two men-eat to survive? A. Fish. B. Seabirds. C. Oranges. 15. Who saved the two men? A. A fisherman B. The local government. C. A search and rescue team. 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Can you have a meal served outside the cafe? —I don’t think so, but ________. A. it’s not your business B. it sounds like a good idea C. I couldn’t agree more D. don’t jump to conclusions 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你可以在咖啡厅外面用餐吗？——我不这么认为，但这听起来是个好主意。A. it’s not your business不关你的事；B. it sounds like a good idea听起来是个好主意；C. I couldn’t agree more我非常同意；D. don’t jump to conclusions不要草率下结论。根据but表示转折，说明认为是个好主意。故选B。 2. Of all the animals I’ve ever had, these two dogs are the most ________ to the spoken words. A. sensitive B. reasonable C. considerate D. accessible 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我养过的所有动物中，这两只狗对语言最为灵敏。A. sensitive敏感的；灵敏的；B. reasonable合理的；C. considerate体贴的；D. accessible可接近的。由下文“to the spoken words.”可知，此处表示对语言最为灵敏，be sensitive to固定搭配，意为“对……敏感；对……灵敏”，故选A。 3. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and ________ a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile. A. even B. still C. also D. yet 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：表情包可以让交流变得更友好，即使是严肃的语气也可以用一个鼓励的微笑来软化。A. even甚至、即使；B. still还、依旧；C. also此外、而且；D. yet仍然、还。根据句意可知，前半句说表情包可以让交流变得更友好，后半句说即使是严肃的语气也可以用表情包来软化，前后之间为递进关系，应用even。故选A项。 4. I ________ a new alarm clock the other day at Taylor’s when I heard someone singing a familiar song. A. bought B. was buying C. has bought D. would buy 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：前几天我在泰勒的店里买一个新的闹钟，突然听到有人在唱一首熟悉的歌。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when...表示“某人正在，这时……”；根据后文heard可知为过去进行时。故选B。 5. Our ancestors enjoyed the healing power of nature, and now scientists are starting to ________. A. hold back B. move on C. catch up D. get across 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的祖先曾享受过大自然的治愈力量，现在科学家们开始追赶大自然的治愈力量。A. hold back阻止；B. move on继续前进；C. catch up追赶，赶上；D. get across被理解，解释清楚。结合句意可知，此处表示“赶上”应为catch up。故选C项。 6. ________ in scientific research, the new treatment offers hope for patients with rare diseases. A. Rooted B. Rooting C. Having rooted D. To be rooted 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这种基于科学研究的新疗法为患有罕见疾病的患者带来了希望。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作非谓语动词，逻辑主语the new treatment与动词root之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。故选A项。 7. With ________ leaves ________ in the earth every year the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着落叶每年被埋在地下，土壤变得越来越肥沃。空格处构成“with+名词+过去分词”的结构，fallen leaves 表示“落叶”，过去分词作定语表示完成；leaves和bury之间是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。故选B。 8. As well as competitions, there are events such as poetry salons ________ you can share poems with others. A. which B. when C. where D. what 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：除了比赛，还有诗歌沙龙这样的活动，在那里你可以和别人分享诗歌。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个限制性定语从句，修饰前面的poetry salons，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故选C项。 9. The trick of acquiring excellent grades, now, is to hold as much determination as you need and to ________ the desire of laziness. A. obtain B. resist C. convey D. distribute 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：获得优异成绩的诀窍是要有足够的决心，并抵制懒惰的欲望。A. obtain获得；B. resist抵制；C. convey表达；D. distribute分发。根据后文“the desire of laziness”可知，此处指抵制懒惰的欲望。故选B。 10. Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism but the people also rapidly feel its ________. A. benefits B. contribution C. demand D. effects 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个国家的环境不仅会受到旅游业突然增长的影响，而且人们也会迅速感受到它的影响。A. benefits利益；B. contribution贡献；C. demand需求；D. effects影响。根据上文“Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism”可知，此处指人们也会感受到这种影响，故选D项。 11. —Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest. —Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance. A. must have made B. should have made C. could make D. would make 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——祝贺你!你一定为这次英语演讲比赛下了很大的功夫。——谢谢。我很感激老师的指导。A. must have done一定已经做了；B. should have done本应做；C. could do能做；D. would do会做。根据句意可知，演讲很成功，说话人向演讲者表达祝贺，说话人推测演讲者在此之前一定为这次比赛下了很大的功夫；对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done结构，意为“一定做了……”。故选A项。 12. ________ the Montgolfier brothers took flight in balloons in the 18th century, air travel was not practical until the invention of powered flight in 1903. A. When B. Since C. If D. While 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：尽管18世纪，蒙哥菲兄弟乘气球飞行，但直到1903年动力飞机发明，空中旅行才成为现实。A. When当……时候B. Since既然；C. If如果；D. While虽然，尽管。结合句意可知，句子为转折让步关系，应用while引导的让步状语从句。故选D。 13. With China’s traditional tea-making added to UNESCO cultural heritage list, 43 items _____ the intangible cultural heritage list in the past few decades. A. entered B. have entered C. enter D. are entering 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：随着中国传统制茶被列入联合国教科文组织文化遗产名录，在过去的几十年里，有43个项目进入了非物质文化遗产名录。A. entered是过去式或过去分词；B. have entered是现在完成时；C. enter是动词原形；D. are entering是现在进行时。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语动词，时间状语是“in the past few decades”，故用现在完成时。故选B项。 14. The truth is ________ we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. A. what B. why C. that D. where 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：事实是，我们很幸运，随时都能喝到干净的水，但对世界上许多人来说，情况并非如此。分析句子结构可知，空处应填引导表语从句的关系词，从句中不缺少任何成分，且句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选C。 15. I was ________ when Kenny wanted me to take care of his dog for a few days. I hate dogs. A. brought under control B. set in motion C. taken into account D. put on the spot 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查短语辨析。句意：当肯尼要我照顾他的狗几天时，我很为难。我讨厌狗。A. brought under control把……控制起来；B. set in motion启动、使开始运作起来；C. taken into account考虑到；D. put on the spot使陷入困境。根据后面的I hate dogs.可知，应该是感到为难。故选D项。 第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When my dad finally finished the triathlon (铁人三项)in Montauk, the crowd cheered. It showed me how his hard work paid off and it excited my____16____ . I wondered whether a small boy of my size could ____17____ something like that. I found myself ____18____this out loud and my father overheard me. He ____19____me and said I could train with him. Training with my clad turned out to be very____20____. We would get up very early for a morning jog or go for a swim in the pool after school. After a few weeks of training, I ____21____ my first triathlon. Before the competition, I nervously waited for the____22____. When someone fired the gun. I was off,____23____towards the distant buoy (浮标)that marked my turn. I finished the half-mile swim and ran towards my ____24____. I was dripping wet,trying to _____25_____it. Once on the bike, I experienced an excitement specific to _____26_____. I went through the transition zone and_____27_____ my running shoes. At the start of the run part of the triathlon, my_____28_____ already felt like they were made of cement (水泥). For me, the real competition began during the run, because now I could see each competitor as a target. No matter my_____29_____in the field, each racer was either following me_____30_____ being followed. The run part of the race was in fact_____31_____tolerance. “Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about the_____32_____feeling. Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a(an)_____33_____with the other finishers. The sense of_____34_____was there for all of us. Looking back, I remember the small boy on that day in Montauk who doubted whether he could_____35_____it, like his dad. Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner as well. 16. A. pride B. congratulations C. concern D. curiosity 17. A. learn B. deserve C. achieve D. organize 18. A. saying B. figuring C. acting D. leaving 19. A. admired B. encouraged C. pushed D. convinced 20. A. unbearable B. exciting C. enjoyable D. challenging 21. A. learnt from B. suffered from C. signed up for D. dropped out of 22. A. signal B. announcement C. result D. permission 23. A. riding B. walking C. swimming D. dashing 24. A. bike B. horse C. destination D. coat 25. A. take off B. get on C. knock out D. put away 26. A. running B. traveling C. cycling D. swimming 27. A. kicked off B. switched to C. prepared for D. polished 28. A. arms B. clothes C. shoes D. legs 29. A. size B. position C. age D. career 30. A. or B. and C. but D. so 31. A. breathlessness B. thirst C. stress D. pain 32. A. winning B. nervous C. burning D. proud 33. A. suggestion B. celebration C. impression D. organization 34. A. accomplishment B. guilt C. sorrow D. participation 35. A. join B. move C. prove D. make 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. C 22. A 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是记叙文。作者以自己参加铁人三项赛的经历说明：在比赛中，当你觉得自己筋疲力尽时，不要放弃，坚持下去，直到抵达终点。不管成绩或名次如何，你都会有一份属于自己的成就感。 【16题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它向我展示了他的努力是如何得到回报的，也激发了我的好奇心。A. pride自豪；B. congratulations祝贺；C. concern关心；D. curiosity好奇。根据“I wondered whether a small boy of my size could ____2____ something like that.”可知，它向作者展示了父亲的努力是如何得到回报的，也激发了作者的好奇心。故选D项。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道像我这么大的一个小男孩是否能取得这样的成就。A. learn学习；B. deserve值得；C.achieve 实现，取得；D.organize组织。根据“When my dad finally finished the triathlon (铁人三项)in Montauk”可知，作者想知道像作者这么大的一个小男孩是否能取得这样的成就。故选C项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大声说出来我的想法，被父亲听到了。A. saying说；B. figuring 认为；C. acting 行动；D. leaving离开。根据“my father overheard me”可知，作者大声说出自己的想法被父亲听到了。故选A项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他鼓励我说我可以和他一起训练。A. admired羡慕；B. encouraged鼓励；C. pushed推；D. convinced说服。根据“said I could train with him.”可知，父亲在鼓励作者。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：和我的爸爸训练非常有挑战性。A. unbearable无法接受的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. enjoyable有乐趣的；D. challenging有挑战的。根据“We would get up very early for a morning jog or go for a swim in the pool after school.”可知，和爸爸训练非常有挑战性。故选D项。 【21题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：经过几周的训练，我第一次报名参加了铁人三项比赛。A. learnt from从……学得；B. suffered from遭受；C.signed up for签约加入，报名；D. dropped out of退出。根据“Before the competition”结合后文作者在比赛中的表现和感想可知，经过几周的训练，作者第一次报名参加了铁人三项比赛。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛前，我紧张地等待着信号的发出。A. signal信号；B. announcement宣布；C. result结果；D. permission允许。根据“When someone fired the gun.”可知，作者紧张地等待着信号的发出。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当枪声响起时，我出发了，游向标记着我转弯的远处的浮标。A. riding骑车；B. walking步行；C. swimming游泳；D. dashing猛冲。根据“I finished the half-mile swim”可知，作者游向标记着作者转弯的远处的浮标。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我游完了半英里，朝我的自行车跑去。A. bike自行车；B. horse马；C. destination目的地； D. coat外套。根据“Once on the bike”可知，作者游完了半英里，朝自行车跑去。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我浑身湿淋淋的，努力地骑上自行车。A. take off起飞；B. get on 上车；C. knock out 摧毁；D. put away收拾。根据“Once on the bike”可知，作者努力地骑上自行车。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一骑上自行车上，我体验到一种骑自行车特有的兴奋感。A. running跑；B. traveling旅行；C. cycling 骑自行车；D. swimming游泳。根据常识可知，骑上自行车上当然是体验到一种骑自行车特有的兴奋感。选C项。 【27题详解】 考查动词短语和动词词义辨析。句意：我穿过过渡区，换上了我的跑鞋。A. kicked off开球；B. switched to转向，切换到；C. prepared for 为……准备；D. polished擦光。根据“my running shoes”可知，作者换上了自己的跑鞋。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在铁人三项赛跑开始的时候，我的腿已经感觉像水泥做的了。A. arms手臂；B. clothes衣服；C. shoes鞋；D. legs腿。根据“At the start of the run part of the triathlon”以及““Shut up, legs””可知，作者的腿已经感觉像水泥做的了。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我在赛场上的位置如何，每个参赛者要么正在追赶要么被追赶。A. size尺寸；B. position位置；C. age年龄；D. career职业。根据“each racer was either following me ____15____ being followed.”可知，不管作者在赛场上的位置如何，每个参赛者要么正在追赶要么被追赶。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：不管我在赛场上的位置如何，每个参赛者要么正在追赶要么被追赶。A. or或者；B. and和；C. but但是； D. so所以。either…or…“或者……或者……；要么......要么......”。故选A项。 31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛的跑步部分实际上是对疼痛的容忍。A. breathlessness呼吸急促；B. thirst口渴；C. stress 压力；D. pain疼痛。根据上文“my　　　　　13　　　　　 already felt like they were made of cement (水泥).”和“tolerance”可知，比赛的跑步部分实际上是对疼痛的容忍。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“闭嘴，腿”，我最喜欢的一句话，让我不去想那种灼热的感觉。A. winning获胜的；B. nervous紧张的；C. burning强烈的，发热的；D. proud自豪的。根据“The run part of the race was in fact ____16____ tolerance.”可知，作者最喜欢的一句话，让作者不去想比赛时那种灼热的感觉。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我深吸了一口气，然后开始和其他到达终点的选手一起庆祝。A. suggestion建议；B. celebration庆祝；C. impression印象；D. organization组织。根据“Then I crossed the finish line.”可知，作者开始和其他到达终点的选手一起庆祝。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们所有人都有一种成就感。A. accomplishment成就；B. guilt内疚；C. sorrow悲伤；D. participation参加。根据“Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a（an） ____18____ with the other finishers.”可知，所有人都有一种成就感。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我记得那天在蒙托克的那个小男孩像他爸爸一样怀疑自己能否成功。A. join加入；B. move移动；C. prove证明是；D. make使成功。根据“I wondered whether a small boy of my size could ____2____ something like that.”以及“Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner as well.”可知，回想起来，作者记得那天在蒙托克的那个小男孩像他爸爸一样怀疑自己能否成功。make it“成功”。故选D项。 第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Most people assume that the human brain is set on “automatic”—that means it learns all by itself. But this isn’t always true. We need to train ourselves to be better learners—to actively take part in the learning process and to reflect on what we have learnt. These kinds of learning behaviours are called “active learning”. I suggest doing four things to take an active role in your learning. Listen to the outer voice There are two kinds of voices: the inner voice and the outer voice. Your inner voice expresses your personal opinions, while the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you hear or read. Although your inner voice can be useful, it can also get in the way of learning. If you keep paying too much attention to it, you risk missing important information. Instead, active learners are open-minded and focus on what the speaker/ write is saying, not on what their brain is saying in the background. In this way, they are in a better position to make decisions. Ask questions Asking questions is the easiest way to promote active learning. When you get information from someone, from books or the Internet, ask two, three, even five question about the topic. The answers will lead you to further learning, and the very act of working out questions will help you to achieve a higher level of understanding about the topic. In short: Do not stop being curious. Get to the truth Active learners do not accept everything they learn. They attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea. Even when an idea sounds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth. So if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today, think about why they believe this. Where does the idea come from? Do they have enough data to support their views? If you try to find out the source of an idea, no matter how crazy it seems, you will increase your chance of learning something. Focus on the message Many people miss out on learning opportunities because they let their feelings get in the way. They refuse to learn or ignore what is said because of who the speaker/ writer is. It is true that we cannot help disliking some people —this is human nature, after all. But do not forget you can still learn from them. Active learners do not judge people based on firs impressions or personal feelings. Instead, they separate the message from the message. This goes the other way as well---do not just assume that some people are always right because of who they are or just because they are your friends. 36. Which of the following is TRUE about inner voice and outer voice?________ A. Your inner voice is useless, and always gets in the way of learning. B. Your inner voice is what you think. C. The outer voice usually is what your brain is saying. D. The outer voice expresses your personal opinions. 37. According to Paragraph 3 what do you know about asking questions? A. Asking questions will lead you to further learning. B. Asking questions won’t make you more motivated to learn C. Asking questions facilitates active learning. D. Asking questions will stop you from being curious. 38. According to Paragraph 4, an active learner ________. A. won’t find out the source of an idea B. is-willing to accept everything they learn C. believes that dinosaurs still exist today D. always tries to find the truth at the core of every opinion 39. What do we learn about from Paragraph 5? A. We should try our best to like people we don’t like. B. We often ignore what the author says. C. Active learners judge people based on personal feelings D. The person we like may not always be right. 40. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To offer some tips on how to learn actively B. To advise us to listen to the outer voice. C. To help us get to the truth. D. To share his learning experience. 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. D 39. D 40. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。我们需要训练自己成为更好的学习者——积极参与学习过程，反思我们所学到的东西。这些学习行为被称为“主动学习”。作者建议做四件事来在你的学习中发挥积极作用。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Listen to the outer voice部分中“Your inner voice expresses your personal opinions, while the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you hear or read. (你内心的声音表达了你的个人观点，而外在的声音告诉你你所听到或读到的观点。)”可知，你内心的声音就是你的想法。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Ask questions部分“Asking questions is the easiest way to promote active learning. When you get information from someone, from books or the Internet, ask two, three, even five question about the topic. The answers will lead you to further learning, and the very act of working out questions will help you to achieve a higher level of understanding about the topic. In short: Do not stop being curious. (提问是促进主动学习最简单的方法。当你从别人那里获得信息，从书或互联网上，问两个，三个，甚至五个关于这个话题的问题。答案会引导你进一步学习，而解决问题的行为会帮助你对主题有更高的理解。简而言之：不要停止好奇。)”可知，提问有助于积极学习。故选C。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Get to the truth部分中“Active learners do not accept everything they learn. They attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea. (主动学习者不会接受他们所学的一切。他们试图在每个观点的核心找到真相。)”可知，积极学习者总是试图在每一种观点的核心找到真相。故选D。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。由文章Focus on the message部分“Many people miss out on learning opportunities because they let their feelings get in the way. They refuse to learn or ignore what is said because of who the speaker/ writer is. It is true that we cannot help disliking some people —this is human nature, after all. But do not forget you can still learn from them. Active learners do not judge people based on firs impressions or personal feelings. Instead, they separate the message from the message. This goes the other way as well---do not just assume that some people are always right because of who they are or just because they are your friends. (许多人错过了学习的机会，因为他们让自己的感觉挡住了去路。他们拒绝因为说话者/作者的身份而学习或忽略所说的内容。的确，我们难免不喜欢某些人——毕竟这是人的本性。但不要忘记你仍然可以从中学习。主动学习者不会根据第一印象或个人感受来判断别人。相反，它们将消息与消息分开。反之亦然——不要仅仅因为他们是谁或者他们是你的朋友就认为有些人总是对的。)”可知，我们喜欢的人可能并不总是对的。故选D。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中“We need to train ourselves to be better learners—to actively take part in the learning process and to reflect on what we have learnt. These kinds of learning behaviours are called “active learning”. I suggest doing four things to take an active role in your learning. (我们需要训练自己成为更好的学习者——积极参与学习过程，反思我们所学到的东西。这些学习行为被称为“主动学习”。我建议做四件事来在你的学习中发挥积极作用。)”可知，我们需要训练自己成为更好的学习者，作者建议做四件事来在你的学习中发挥积极作用。作者写这篇文章的目的是提供一些关于如何积极学习的提示。故选A。 B When I was young I wanted to be a model, so when a national contest was staged, I convinced my parents to take me for an audition (试演). I was selected and told I had potential. They said that for only $900 I could attend a weekend event which dozens of the most prestigious (有声望的) modeling agencies from around the world would attend. At 13, my hopes of fame and fortune clouded all judgment and I begged my parents to let me go. We have never been rich, but they saw my enthusiasm and agreed. I imagined being signed by some famous model companies. For months, any boredom or disappointment was pushed aside because I knew I would soon have the chance to be a real model. I thought I would grace the covers of famous magazines! Of course, I wasn’t signed, but what hurt me most was being told that if I grew to 5’9” (about 1.75 metres) I could be a success. I prayed for a growth spurt (冲刺) because I could not imagine giving up my dream. I made an appointment with a local modeling agency and the agent demanded $ 500 for classes, $500 for a photo shoot, and $ 300 for other expenses. My parents only agreed after hours and hours of me begging. The agency sent me out on a few auditions, but with every day I didn’t receive a call I grew more depressed. The final straw came in July after I had decided to focus on commercial (广告) modeling. There was an open call in New York City. We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting, only to be told that I was too short I was devastated (感到难以承受的). Years later Ire zed that the trip to New York was good as it made me notice I didn’t actually love modeling, just the idea of it. I wanted to be special and I was innocently determined to reach an impossible goal. The experience has made me stronger and that will help me in the future. 41. What’s the main reason why the author wanted to be a model? A. She won a national contest. B. She wanted to get reputation and wealth. C. She was urged by some modeling agencies. D. She had full potential to be a successful model. 42. What’s the author’s parents’ attitude toward her dream? A. Encouraging. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Enthusiastic. 43. What was that made the author end her attempt to become a model? A. Her parents were strongly against it. B. She realized that it was impossible for her. C. Even a local modeling agency turned her down. D. She realized that she didn’t actually love the idea of modeling. 44. The underlined phrase “The final straw” probably means A. the last in a series of bad things that happen to make someone very upset angry, etc B. the final result that she was admitted by the model company C. the final audition given by the agency D. the decision that she made at last not to be a model anymore 45. What did the author learn from her experience of struggling to be a model? A. Where there’s a will there’s away. B. Being a model is not that easy. C. We should have our own judgment and should not just follow others. D. We might set unpractical goals but the experiences can help us grow. 【答案】41. B 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在她的模特梦的奋斗过程中，意识到我们可能会给自己设立一些不切实际的梦想，但是实现梦想的经历却能帮助我们成长。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句话“At 13, my hopes of fame and fortune clouded all judgment and I begged my parents to let me go. (13岁时，我对名利的希望笼罩着所有的判断，我恳求父母放我走)”可知，作者在小时候出于对名利的追求才想要成为一名模特。故选B。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话“We have never been rich, but they saw my enthusiasm and agreed.(我们从来都不富裕，但他们看到了我的热情并同意了)”以及第三段“My parents only agreed after hours and hours of me begging.(我的父母是在我乞讨了好几个小时后才同意的)”可知，作者是不断地恳求父母，父母才答应她去参加模特比赛。由此可推知，作者的父母对她做模特的梦想持怀疑态度。故选C。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段最后三句话“The final straw came in July after I had decided to focus on commercial (广告) modeling. There was an open call in New York City. We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting, only to be told that I was too short I was devastated(感到难以承受的).(最后一根稻草是在7月份，当时我决定专注于商业模特。纽约市有一个公开电话。我们花了几个小时开车，又等了几个小时，结果被告知我太矮了，我很伤心)”可知，作者被很多的公司拒绝，最后她专注于商业模特的希望也破灭了。由此可推知，她是意识到了她不可能成为模特这件事结束了她成为模特的尝试。故选B。 【44题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句话“The agency sent me out on a few auditions, but with every day I didn’t receive a call I grew more depressed. (经纪公司派我去试镜了几次，但每天我都没有接到电话，我变得越来越沮丧)”以及最后一句话“We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting, only to be told that I was too short I was devastated(感到难以承受的).(我们花了几个小时开车，又等了几个小时，结果被告知我太矮了，我很伤心)”可知，作者被拒绝了很多次，最后专注于商业模特的希望也破灭了，所以这件事是一系列坏事中的最后一件，结束了她的梦想。故选A。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Years later Ire zed that the trip to New York was good as it made me notice I didn’t actually love modeling, just the idea of it. I wanted to be special and I was innocently determined to reach an impossible goal. The experience has made me stronger and that will help me in the future.(几年后，我意识到纽约之行很好，因为它让我注意到我其实并不喜欢模特，只是喜欢它的想法。我想变得特别，我天真地决心实现一个不可能实现的目标。这段经历让我变得更加坚强，这将在未来对我有所帮助)”可知，作者从她努力成为一名模特的经历中学到了有时候人们会设立不切实际的目标，但是经历能够帮助他们成长。故选D。 C Wild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for a bigger animal, also known as a predator (捕食者) in nature. The most well-known methods include the classic fight and flight as well as freeze. A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. “We often see that animals are more tolerant around us in urban areas, but we don’t really know why.” says evolutionary biologist Dan Blumstein. “Is it individual plasticity, meaning individuals change their fear of us and that leads to tolerance? Or can there be an evolutionary factor involved?” To find out, Blumstein and his colleagues combined information from 173 studies of over 100 species, including mammals, birds, fish and even mollusks. It turns out that regardless of evolutionary ancestry, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator characteristics. That pattern is especially pronounced for plant-eating animals and for social species. This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. But it turns out that urbanization alone results in a similar change, though around three times more slowly. The main point is: we’re essentially domesticating animals by urbanization. We’re selecting for the same sorts of characteristics that we would if we were actually trying to domesticate them. If the urbanization process helps animals better co-exist with people, it could be to their benefit. But if it makes them more defenseless to their nonhuman predators, it could be a real problem. Either way, these results, mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. We’re changing the population genetics one way or another. What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. If so, serious questions exist for the idea of ethical, welfare-oriented eco-tourism. If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators. It’s just yet one other way that we’re changing the world around us. 46. The research led by Blumstein is aimed at ________. A. determining how animals’ survival is impacted by individual plasticity. B. studying how living among humans affects animals’ survival strategies C. comparing the effectiveness of different survival techniques D. finding out which evolutionary factor impacts animals’ survival methods 47. Which of the following practices may contribute to animals losing anti-predator characteristics? A. Controlled breeding of animals. B. Banning the operation of eco-tourism. C. Planned selection of favorable genes. D. Eliminating domestication. 48. Which of the following statements is Blumstein likely to agree with? A. Urbanization has made wild animals more alert. B. Urbanization has brought concrete benefits to animals. C. City living has led to animals’ genetic variations. D. City living has helped to preserve animal species. 49. The animal rescue center spotted an injured fox a year ago and has since nursed it back to health. Before releasing it back to the wild, the center should probably ________. A. expose the fox to the urban environment repeatedly B. train the fox to co-exist with the less aggressive predators C. intentionally get the fox accustomed to the presence of humans D. purposefully adapt the fox to predator related environment 50. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To amuse people with recent interesting scientific findings. B. To remind people to help animals survive in a correct way. C. To promote eco-tourism in cities around the world. D. To warn people of the danger of animal presence in cities. 【答案】46. B 47. A 48. C 49. D 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述随着城市化进程的发展，人类和动物之间的关系更加紧密，但是动物的反捕食者特征在这一过程中却退化甚至失去了。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. (一组研究人员想知道，与人们的亲密程度是否会影响这些生存策略。) ”以及最后一段“What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. (研究人员现在想知道的是，仅仅是游客在不太城市化的地区的出现，是否也会导致野生动物发生类似的变化。)”可推知，由Blumstein领导的这项研究的目的是想弄清楚与人类一起生活如何影响动物的生存策略。故选B。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. (这种行为变化可能是有意为之的，是驯化或受控育种的结果，也许并不令人惊讶。) ”可知，导致动物失去反捕食者特征的原因是驯化或控制繁殖。故选A。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. (无论哪种方式，这些结果都意味着城市生活对野生动物的影响足够大，以至于进化过程开始了。这些反捕食者特征的减少被编码在它们的基因中。) ”可知，生活在城市里导致动物的基因发生了变化。故选C。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators. (研究人员说，如果我们希望帮助动物保持它们的反捕食者防御能力，我们可能必须故意让动物暴露在捕食者面前。) ”可知，如果我们要想让受伤的狐狸被人类照顾的恢复健康后回归野外，我们要有目的地使狐狸适应与捕食者相关的环境。故选D。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Either way, these results mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. (无论哪种方式，这些结果都意味着城市生活对野生动物的影响足够大，以至于进化过程开始了。这些反捕食者特征的减少被编码在它们的基因中。) ”和最后一段的“If so, serious questions exist for the idea of ethical, welfare-oriented eco-tourism.(如果是这样，伦理、福利型生态旅游的理念就会存在严重的问题。)”可推断，文章主要讲述随着城市化进程的发展，人类和动物之间的关系更加紧密，动物的反捕食者特征在这一过程中退化甚至失去了，因此推断文章的目的是提醒人们帮助动物以正确的方式生存。故选B。 D When evaluating people on various psychological tests, psychologists often distinguish between markers of absolute performance and relative performance. Absolute performance reflects the raw measurement of something, like the time it takes to run a mile. Relative performance is how a person rates in relation to their peers, as in what place a runner gets in a race. The standards we use to evaluate ourselves are almost always relative, as we compare ourselves to our peers and the standards that are most familiar to us. For instance, in my private practice, I have one patient I will call “Omar” who is dependent on social services and makes less than $30,000 per year at his job. While this level of poverty would lead most people to wake up depressed each day, Omar is one of the most optimistic and appreciative individuals I know. Why? Because most of his closest peers—his siblings and friends from childhood—have lives far worse than his. In contrast to Omar, I have another patient, an adolescent I’ll call “Lena”, whose family has property over $5 million. Lena, however, lives in an upper-class neighborhood where her family is at the lower end of the income level. Though Lena’s family allows her to enjoy possessions and experiences that less than l percent of her peers across the world can share, she consistently feels “less than”. Why? Because Lena doesn’t compare herself to the rest of the world; This is too abstract an exercise for her, as it would be for most of us. Accordingly, whether a psychologist is psychodynamic or cognitive-behavioral, therapy with individuals struggling with situation al or psychological depression aims to solve the problems associated with basing one’s self-worth on comparisons with others. Psychologists try to help people focus on personal growth around the achievement of concrete goals in line with their values independent of the achievement of others. For all of us, defining these goals, especially during Periods of emotional calm, can go a long way in helping us to avoid the trap of relativity that often leads to situational and psychological depression. 51. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to . A. show the significance of evaluating people. B. motivate readers to study psychological tests. C. help people perform well in psychological tests D. provide some background information on evaluating people. 52. Why does the author mention his two patients? A. To measure different achievement. B. To introduce the standards to evaluate people. C. To explain relative performance with examples. D. To contrast relative performance and absolute performance. 53. Which of the following statements is true according to Para.3 and Para.4? A. “Omar” is independent on social services. B. “Omar”‘s siblings lead better lives than he does. C. “Lena” is always discontented with what she has. D. “Lena” tends to compare herself to the rest of the world. 54. What message does the last paragraph convey? A. Setting goals in life is essential for everyone. B. It’s important to avoid unhealthy comparisons. C. A sense of achievement can affect one’s happiness. D. Improving self-worth can help get rid of depression. 55. What is the best title for the text? A. Happiness: Is it all relative? B. Happiness: Is it associated with achievement? C. Self-worth: Is it based on efforts? D. Self-worth: Is it measurable? 【答案】51. D 52. C 53. C 54. B 55. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了评价人所需要的背景信息，有绝对表现和相对表现的区分，而人们用来评价自己的标准几乎总是相对的，所以就有幸福和不幸的感觉。幸福或是不幸都是比较出来的，所以要避免不健康的比较。 【51题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“When evaluating people on various psychological tests, psychologists often distinguish between markers of absolute performance and relative performance. Absolute performance reflects the raw measurement of something, like the time it takes to run a mile. Relative performance is how a person rates in relation to their peers, as in what place a runner gets in a race. (在对人们进行各种心理测评时，心理学家经常区分绝对表现和相对表现的标志。绝对表现反映了对某事的原始测量，比如跑一英里所需的时间。相对表现是指一个人相对于他的同伴的评价，比如一个跑步者在比赛中获得的名次。)”可知，本段中，作者的目的是提供一些评价人所需要的背景信息。故选D项。 【52题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The standards we use to evaluate ourselves are almost always relative, as we compare ourselves to our peers and the standards that are most familiar to us. (我们用来评价自己的标准几乎总是相对的，因为我们将自己与同龄人和我们最熟悉的标准进行比较)”可知，人们用来评价自己的标准大都是相对的，结合第三段中“Because most of his closest peers—his siblings and friends from childhood—have lives far worse than his.(因为他最亲密的同龄人——他的兄弟姐妹和儿时的朋友——都比他的生活糟糕得多。)”和第四段中“Because Lena doesn’t compare herself to the rest of the world; This is too abstract an exercise for her, as it would be for most of us.(因为莉娜不会把自己和世界上的其他人比较；这对她来说太抽象了，对我们大多数人来说也是如此。)”等内容可知，作者提到他的两个病人是为了用例子解释第二段中所提到的相对表现。故选C项。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Though Lena’s family allows her to enjoy possessions and experiences that less than l percent of her peers across the world can share, she consistently feels “less than”. (虽然莉娜的家人允许她享受世界上不到1%的同龄人可以分享的财产和经历，但她一直觉得“不足”。)”可知，“莉娜”总是不满足于她所拥有的。故选C项。 【54题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Accordingly, whether a psychologist is psychodynamic or cognitive-behavioral, therapy with individuals struggling with situation al or psychological depression aims to solve the problems associated with basing one’s self-worth on comparisons with others. Psychologists try to help people focus on personal growth around the achievement of concrete goals in line with their values independent of the achievement of others. (因此，无论心理学家是心理动力学的还是认知行为的，对与情境或心理抑郁作斗争的个体的治疗都旨在解决将自我价值建立在与他人比较上的问题。心理学家试图帮助人们关注个人成长，实现符合他们价值观的具体目标，而不受他人成就的影响。)”可知，本段表达了避免不健康的比较很是很重要的。故选B项。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“Psychologists try to help people focus on personal growth around the achievement of concrete goals in line with their values independent of the achievement of others. For all of us, defining these goals, especially during Periods of emotional calm, can go a long way in helping us to avoid the trap of relativity that often leads to situational and psychological depression. (心理学家试图帮助人们关注个人成长，实现符合他们价值观的具体目标，而不受他人成就的影响。对我们所有人来说，确定这些目标，尤其是在情绪平静的时期，可以帮助我们避免经常导致情境和心理抑郁的相对性陷阱。)”可知，本文谈论了人们用来评价自己的标准几乎总是相对的，幸福或是不幸都是比较出来的，所以要避免不健康的比较。A“幸福：一切都是相对的吗？”对评价中的相对表现进行质疑，符合主题，故选A项。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 (共35分) 第四部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 “Someone once asked me, ‘What’s the tool you would want to give any student’? And I said, ‘A mask and snorkel (潜水通气管) set,’’’ the ocean biologist Thys says in a video. And Thys explains, “Ninety-eight percent of the living space on this planet is the ocean. It’s worth a view.” Thys has devoted her career to seeing the ocean, and to helping others watch the great diversity of the underwater world. A big part of what motivates her work is the chance to let people develop a sense of respect for the grandness of the ocean, and to get people to participate in efforts to protect endangered ocean ecosystems. Since studying ocean biology, Thys has focused her research on how sea animals live. One animal she particularly studies is the ocean sunfish. “It’s so different from any other fish,” says Thys. “It looks like a mistake. Where does the tail go?” Thys adds. “The sunfish provides an entry point to understanding more about the behavior of creatures in the ocean, and about how environmental changes impact underwater ecosystems.” Thys’s work also takes her above ground, where she’s looking at ways to create new connections between human populations and natural environments to help address social and environmental challenges. For instance, she’s working on nature’s effects on mental well-being. Thys’s passion for her work is evident in every lecture, video, and public appearance she makes. Using the media, Thys encourages people to learn about the ocean and love it. Due to many ocean research projects and activities from the media, Thys is up to her neck in work every day. She could hardly spare plenty of time for a good rest. Thys’s devotion to her work as an ocean scientist and ecological warrior is infectious. She’s a role model and an inspiring guide to ocean life. 56. Why would Thys like to send students a mask and snorkel set? (no more than 8 words) _________________________________________ 57. What greatly motivates Thys’s work according to Paragraph 2? (no more than 10 words) _________________________________________ 58. What does Thys think of the ocean sunfish? (no more than 10 words) _________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean? (no more than 5 words) _________________________________________ 60. What’s your attitude towards Thys and her work? (no more than 20 words) _________________________________________ 【答案】56. To encourage them to explore the ocean. 57. The chance to let people respect and protect the ocean. 58. It is unique and has great scientific value. 59. is busy with her work. 60. She’s a respectable scientist and her work is quite meaningful which can make a big difference to the earth. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是海洋生物学家Thys将她的职业生涯奉献给了观察海洋，她是海洋生物的榜样和鼓舞人心的向导。 【56题详解】 考查推理判断。根据首段““Someone once asked me, ‘What’s the tool you would want to give any student’? And I said, ‘A mask and snorkel (潜水通气管) set,’’’ the ocean biologist Thys says in a video. And Thys explains, “Ninety-eight percent of the living space on this planet is the ocean. It’s worth a view.”(“有人曾经问我，‘你想给学生什么工具？’”海洋生物学家Thys在一段视频中说：“我说，‘一套面罩和通气管。’”Thys解释说：“这个星球上98%的生存空间是海洋。值得一看。”)”可知，Thys认为这个星球上98%的生存空间是海洋，值得一看，由此可知，Thys送给学生面罩和通气管是为了鼓励他们探索海洋。故答案为To encourage them to explore the ocean. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“A big part of what motivates her work is the chance to let people develop a sense of respect for the grandness of the ocean, and to get people to participate in efforts to protect endangered ocean ecosystems.(她工作的动力很大一部分是有机会让人们对海洋的壮丽产生尊重，并让人们参与保护濒危海洋生态系统的努力。)”可知，她工作的动力是让人们对海洋的壮丽产生尊重，并让人们努力地参与到保护濒危的海洋生态系统，由此可知，让人们尊重和保护海洋的机会是她工作的动力。故答案为The chance to let people respect and protect the ocean. 【58题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第三段中““It’s so different from any other fish,” says Thys. “It looks like a mistake. Where does the tail go?” Thys adds. “The sunfish provides an entry point to understanding more about the behavior of creatures in the ocean, and about how environmental changes impact underwater ecosystems.”(“它和其他任何鱼都不一样，”Thys说。“这看起来像是一个错误。尾巴去哪儿了?”Thys补充道。“太阳鱼为更多地了解海洋生物的行为以及环境变化如何影响水下生态系统提供了一个切入点。”)”可知，sunfish与其它的鱼不同，它为了更多了解海洋生物的行为以及环境变化如何影响水下生态系统，由此可知，Thys认为太阳鱼是独一无二的，具有很大的科学价值。故答案为It is unique and has great scientific value. 【59题详解】 考查词义猜测。根据划线句子后的“She could hardly spare plenty of time for a good rest.(她几乎抽不出足够的时间好好休息。)”可知，Thys几乎抽不出时间好好休息，结合划线句子前的“Due to many ocean research projects and activities from the media(由于媒体的海洋研究项目和活动很多)”可知，Thys有很多的海洋研究项目和活动，由此可知，划线部分的意思应与“她忙于工作”意义相近。故答案为is busy with her work. 【60题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Thys has devoted her career to seeing the ocean, and to helping others watch the great diversity of the underwater world.(Thys将她的职业生涯奉献给了观察海洋，并帮助其他人观察海底世界的巨大多样性。)”可知，Thys把职业生涯献给了海洋观察，并帮助其他人观察海底世界的巨大多样性，由此可知，她是一个值得尊敬的人，结合倒数第二段中的“Thys’s work also takes her above ground, where she’s looking at ways to create new connections between human populations and natural environments to help address social and environmental challenges.(Thys的工作也将她带到地面上，在那里她正在寻找在人口和自然环境之间建立新联系的方法，以帮助解决社会和环境挑战。)”可知，她在寻找人类与自然环境之间的新联系，已帮助解决社会和环境的挑战，由此可知，她的工作是有意义的，对社会有很大的影响。故答案为She’s a respectable scientist and her work is quite meaningful which can make a big difference to the earth. 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津，你的英国朋友Chris在中国学习中文已满两年， 即将回国。请你给他写一封e-mail，邀请他参加为他举办的欢送会，内容包括： （1） 祝贺他顺利通过考试，他的学习进步很大，为他骄傲； （2） 感谢他帮助你们学习英语； （3） 时间：星期六晚六点； 地点：你校餐厅二楼大厅。 注意： （1） 词数不少于100； （2） 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3） 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：欢送会 farewell party Dear Chris, Congratulations on your passing all the exams. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 【答案】Dear Chris, Congratulations on your passing all the exams. And knowing you are leaving soon, we will hold a farewell party for you this Saturday evening. Besides, we are all delighted you have really made great progress in your two years of studying in China. All you have gained is the result of your hard work. We are proud of you and we all appreciate your help with our English. We’ll always remember the wonderful time we spent together. It’s a pity that you have to go back soon! So this Saturday evening, a farewell party for you will be held on the second floor of the school dining hill. Could you come by 6: 00 pm.? My classmates and I sincerely hope that you will come and see you then. Best regards! Yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Chris写封e-mail，邀请他参加为他举办的欢送会，内容包括：（1） 祝贺他顺利通过考试，他的学习进步很大，为他骄傲；（2） 感谢他帮助你们学习英语；（3） 时间：星期六晚六点；地点：你校餐厅二楼大厅。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 举办：hold→host 另外：besides→moreover 高兴的：delighted→happy 真诚地：sincerely→genuinely 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：And knowing you are leaving soon, we will hold a farewell party for you this Saturday evening. 拓展句：Because we know you are leaving soon, we will hold a farewell party for you this Saturday evening. 【点睛】[高分句型1] All you have gained is the result of your hard work. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句，省略了that) [高分句型2] My classmates and I sincerely hope that you will come and see you then.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) 听力答案：1-5 ABCAC 6-10 BBAAB 11-15 BCACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 天津市第四十七中学2023—2024第二学期高二年级 第二次阶段性检测 英语试卷 第I卷 (共三部分; 满分 115分) 第一部分：听力 (共两节，满分20分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a hotel. B. In a bank. C. In a supermarket. 2. What will the whether be like tomorrow? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy. 3. What does James plan to do this afternoon? A. Go shopping. B. Attend a party. C. Do some decorations. 4. How many languages are there in Google Translate? A. 133. B. 157. C. 300. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their neighbors. B. Their holiday plans. C. Their favorite part-time jobs. 第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 听下面3段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8三个小题。 6. What is the man? A. A driver. B. A teacher. C. A mechanic. 7. What will Meg do on Sunday? A. Go to the post office. B. Finish some paperwork. C. Leave for another country. 8. When will the man meet Meg? A. At 11:00 am. B. At 2:00 pm. C. At 3:00 pm. 听下面一段对话，回答第9至第11三个小题。 9. Who is the man’s favorite player? A. Messi. B. Neymar. C. Cristiano Ronaldo. 10. What does the man explain about the 2022 World Cup? A. The influence. B. The time change. C. The best players. 11. Which country has won the most World Cups? A. Italy. B. Brazil. C. Germany. 听下面一段独白，回答第12至第15四个小题。 12. How long did the two men spend at sea? A. One week. B. About 20 days. C. About one month. 13. What was the two men’s attitude toward their adventure? A. Positive. B. Ambiguous. C. Negative. 14. What did the two men-eat to survive? A. Fish. B. Seabirds. C. Oranges. 15 Who saved the two men? A. A fisherman B. The local government. C. A search and rescue team. 第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. —Can you have a meal served outside the cafe? —I don’t think so, but ________. A. it’s not your business B. it sounds like a good idea C. I couldn’t agree more D. don’t jump to conclusions 2. Of all the animals I’ve ever had, these two dogs are the most ________ to the spoken words. A. sensitive B. reasonable C. considerate D. accessible 3. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and ________ a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile. A. even B. still C. also D. yet 4. I ________ a new alarm clock the other day at Taylor’s when I heard someone singing a familiar song. A. bought B. was buying C. has bought D. would buy 5. Our ancestors enjoyed the healing power of nature, and now scientists are starting to ________. A. hold back B. move on C. catch up D. get across 6. ________ in scientific research, the new treatment offers hope for patients with rare diseases. A. Rooted B. Rooting C. Having rooted D. To be rooted 7. With ________ leaves ________ in the earth every year the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried 8. As well as competitions, there are events such as poetry salons ________ you can share poems with others. A. which B. when C. where D. what 9. The trick of acquiring excellent grades, now, is to hold as much determination as you need and to ________ the desire of laziness. A. obtain B. resist C. convey D. distribute 10. Not only can the environment of a country suffer from the sudden growth of tourism but the people also rapidly feel its ________. A. benefits B. contribution C. demand D. effects 11. —Congratulations! You ________ great efforts for the English speech contest. —Thanks. I do appreciate my teacher’s guidance. A. must have made B. should have made C. could make D. would make 12. ________ the Montgolfier brothers took flight in balloons in the 18th century, air travel was not practical until the invention of powered flight in 1903. A. When B. Since C. If D. While 13. With China’s traditional tea-making added to UNESCO cultural heritage list, 43 items _____ the intangible cultural heritage list in the past few decades. A entered B. have entered C. enter D. are entering 14. The truth is ________ we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. A. what B. why C. that D. where 15. I was ________ when Kenny wanted me to take care of his dog for a few days. I hate dogs. A. brought under control B. set in motion C. taken into account D. put on the spot 第二节：完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When my dad finally finished the triathlon (铁人三项)in Montauk, the crowd cheered. It showed me how his hard work paid off and it excited my____16____ . I wondered whether a small boy of my size could ____17____ something like that. I found myself ____18____this out loud and my father overheard me. He ____19____me and said I could train with him. Training with my clad turned out to be very____20____. We would get up very early for a morning jog or go for a swim in the pool after school. After a few weeks of training, I ____21____ my first triathlon. Before the competition, I nervously waited for the____22____. When someone fired the gun. I was off,____23____towards the distant buoy (浮标)that marked my turn. I finished the half-mile swim and ran towards my ____24____. I was dripping wet,trying to _____25_____it. Once on the bike, I experienced an excitement specific to _____26_____. I went through the transition zone and_____27_____ my running shoes. At the start of the run part of the triathlon, my_____28_____ already felt like they were made of cement (水泥). For me, the real competition began during the run, because now I could see each competitor as a target. No matter my_____29_____in the field, each racer was either following me_____30_____ being followed. The run part of the race was in fact_____31_____tolerance. “Shut up, legs”, one of my favorite sayings, kept me from thinking about the_____32_____feeling. Then I crossed the finish line. I took a breath and then began a(an)_____33_____with the other finishers. The sense of_____34_____was there for all of us. Looking back, I remember the small boy on that day in Montauk who doubted whether he could_____35_____it, like his dad. Now, that same boy is not only a huge fan, but also a training partner as well. 16. A. pride B. congratulations C. concern D. curiosity 17. A. learn B. deserve C. achieve D. organize 18. A. saying B. figuring C. acting D. leaving 19. A. admired B. encouraged C. pushed D. convinced 20. A. unbearable B. exciting C. enjoyable D. challenging 21. A. learnt from B. suffered from C. signed up for D. dropped out of 22. A. signal B. announcement C. result D. permission 23. A. riding B. walking C. swimming D. dashing 24. A. bike B. horse C. destination D. coat 25. A. take off B. get on C. knock out D. put away 26. A. running B. traveling C. cycling D. swimming 27. A. kicked off B. switched to C. prepared for D. polished 28. A. arms B. clothes C. shoes D. legs 29. A. size B. position C. age D. career 30. A. or B. and C. but D. so 31. A. breathlessness B. thirst C. stress D. pain 32. A. winning B. nervous C. burning D. proud 33. A. suggestion B. celebration C. impression D. organization 34. A. accomplishment B. guilt C. sorrow D. participation 35. A. join B. move C. prove D. make 第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2.5分，满分50分) 阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Most people assume that the human brain is set on “automatic”—that means it learns all by itself. But this isn’t always true. We need to train ourselves to be better learners—to actively take part in the learning process and to reflect on what we have learnt. These kinds of learning behaviours are called “active learning”. I suggest doing four things to take an active role in your learning. Listen to the outer voice There are two kinds of voices: the inner voice and the outer voice. Your inner voice expresses your personal opinions, while the outer voice tells you about opinions from what you hear or read. Although your inner voice can be useful, it can also get in the way of learning. If you keep paying too much attention to it, you risk missing important information. Instead, active learners are open-minded and focus on what the speaker/ write is saying, not on what their brain is saying in the background. In this way, they are in a better position to make decisions. Ask questions Asking questions is the easiest way to promote active learning. When you get information from someone, from books or the Internet, ask two, three, even five question about the topic. The answers will lead you to further learning, and the very act of working out questions will help you to achieve a higher level of understanding about the topic. In short: Do not stop being curious. Get to the truth Active learners do not accept everything they learn. They attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea. Even when an idea sounds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth. So if someone says that dinosaurs still exist today, think about why they believe this. Where does the idea come from? Do they have enough data to support their views? If you try to find out the source of an idea, no matter how crazy it seems, you will increase your chance of learning something. Focus on the message Many people miss out on learning opportunities because they let their feelings get in the way. They refuse to learn or ignore what is said because of who the speaker/ writer is. It is true that we cannot help disliking some people —this is human nature, after all. But do not forget you can still learn from them. Active learners do not judge people based on firs impressions or personal feelings. Instead, they separate the message from the message. This goes the other way as well---do not just assume that some people are always right because of who they are or just because they are your friends. 36. Which of the following is TRUE about inner voice and outer voice?________ A. Your inner voice is useless, and always gets in the way of learning. B. Your inner voice is what you think. C. The outer voice usually is what your brain is saying. D. The outer voice expresses your personal opinions. 37. According to Paragraph 3 what do you know about asking questions? A. Asking questions will lead you to further learning. B. Asking questions won’t make you more motivated to learn C. Asking questions facilitates active learning. D. Asking questions will stop you from being curious. 38. According to Paragraph 4, an active learner ________. A. won’t find out the source of an idea B. is-willing to accept everything they learn C. believes that dinosaurs still exist today D. always tries to find the truth at the core of every opinion 39. What do we learn about from Paragraph 5? A. We should try our best to like people we don’t like. B. We often ignore what the author says. C. Active learners judge people based on personal feelings D. The person we like may not always be right. 40. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage? A. To offer some tips on how to learn actively B. To advise us to listen to the outer voice. C. To help us get to the truth. D. To share his learning experience. B When I was young I wanted to be a model, so when a national contest was staged, I convinced my parents to take me for an audition (试演). I was selected and told I had potential. They said that for only $900 I could attend a weekend event which dozens of the most prestigious (有声望的) modeling agencies from around the world would attend. At 13, my hopes of fame and fortune clouded all judgment and I begged my parents to let me go. We have never been rich, but they saw my enthusiasm and agreed. I imagined being signed by some famous model companies. For months, any boredom or disappointment was pushed aside because I knew I would soon have the chance to be a real model. I thought I would grace the covers of famous magazines! Of course, I wasn’t signed, but what hurt me most was being told that if I grew to 5’9” (about 1.75 metres) I could be a success. I prayed for a growth spurt (冲刺) because I could not imagine giving up my dream. I made an appointment with a local modeling agency and the agent demanded $ 500 for classes, $500 for a photo shoot, and $ 300 for other expenses. My parents only agreed after hours and hours of me begging. The agency sent me out on a few auditions, but with every day I didn’t receive a call I grew more depressed. The final straw came in July after I had decided to focus on commercial (广告) modeling. There was an open call in New York City. We spent hours driving and another few hours waiting, only to be told that I was too short I was devastated (感到难以承受的). Years later Ire zed that the trip to New York was good as it made me notice I didn’t actually love modeling, just the idea of it. I wanted to be special and I was innocently determined to reach an impossible goal. The experience has made me stronger and that will help me in the future. 41. What’s the main reason why the author wanted to be a model? A. She won a national contest. B. She wanted to get reputation and wealth. C. She was urged by some modeling agencies. D She had full potential to be a successful model. 42. What’s the author’s parents’ attitude toward her dream? A. Encouraging. B. Critical. C. Doubtful. D. Enthusiastic. 43. What was that made the author end her attempt to become a model? A. Her parents were strongly against it. B. She realized that it was impossible for her. C. Even a local modeling agency turned her down. D. She realized that she didn’t actually love the idea of modeling. 44. The underlined phrase “The final straw” probably means A. the last in a series of bad things that happen to make someone very upset angry, etc B. the final result that she was admitted by the model company C. the final audition given by the agency D. the decision that she made at last not to be a model anymore 45. What did the author learn from her experience of struggling to be a model? A. Where there’s a will there’s away. B. Being a model is not that easy. C. We should have our own judgment and should not just follow others. D. We might set unpractical goals but the experiences can help us grow. C Wild animals are equipped with a variety of techniques to avoid becoming lunch for a bigger animal, also known as a predator (捕食者) in nature. The most well-known methods include the classic fight and flight as well as freeze. A team of researchers wondered whether closeness to people might impact those survival strategies. “We often see that animals are more tolerant around us in urban areas, but we don’t really know why.” says evolutionary biologist Dan Blumstein. “Is it individual plasticity, meaning individuals change their fear of us and that leads to tolerance? Or can there be an evolutionary factor involved?” To find out, Blumstein and his colleagues combined information from 173 studies of over 100 species, including mammals, birds, fish and even mollusks. It turns out that regardless of evolutionary ancestry, the animals react in a similar way to life among humans: they lose their anti-predator characteristics. That pattern is especially pronounced for plant-eating animals and for social species. This behavioral change is perhaps unsurprising when it’s intentional, the result of domestication or controlled breeding. But it turns out that urbanization alone results in a similar change, though around three times more slowly. The main point is: we’re essentially domesticating animals by urbanization. We’re selecting for the same sorts of characteristics that we would if we were actually trying to domesticate them. If the urbanization process helps animals better co-exist with people, it could be to their benefit. But if it makes them more defenseless to their nonhuman predators, it could be a real problem. Either way, these results, mean that city living has enough of an influence on wild animals that evolutionary processes kick in. Those reductions in anti-predator characteristics become encoded in their genes. We’re changing the population genetics one way or another. What the researchers now wonder is whether the mere presence of tourists in less urbanized areas can cause similar changes in wild animals. If so, serious questions exist for the idea of ethical, welfare-oriented eco-tourism. If we wish to help animals keep their anti-predator defenses, the researchers say, we might have to intentionally expose animals to predators. It’s just yet one other way that we’re changing the world around us. 46. The research led by Blumstein is aimed at ________. A. determining how animals’ survival is impacted by individual plasticity. B. studying how living among humans affects animals’ survival strategies C. comparing the effectiveness of different survival techniques D. finding out which evolutionary factor impacts animals’ survival methods 47. Which of the following practices may contribute to animals losing anti-predator characteristics? A. Controlled breeding of animals. B. Banning the operation of eco-tourism. C. Planned selection of favorable genes. D. Eliminating domestication. 48. Which of the following statements is Blumstein likely to agree with? A. Urbanization has made wild animals more alert. B. Urbanization has brought concrete benefits to animals. C. City living has led to animals’ genetic variations. D. City living has helped to preserve animal species. 49. The animal rescue center spotted an injured fox a year ago and has since nursed it back to health. Before releasing it back to the wild, the center should probably ________. A. expose the fox to the urban environment repeatedly B. train the fox to co-exist with the less aggressive predators C. intentionally get the fox accustomed to the presence of humans D. purposefully adapt the fox to predator related environment 50. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To amuse people with recent interesting scientific findings. B. To remind people to help animals survive in a correct way. C. To promote eco-tourism in cities around the world. D. To warn people of the danger of animal presence in cities. D When evaluating people on various psychological tests, psychologists often distinguish between markers of absolute performance and relative performance. Absolute performance reflects the raw measurement of something, like the time it takes to run a mile. Relative performance is how a person rates in relation to their peers, as in what place a runner gets in a race. The standards we use to evaluate ourselves are almost always relative, as we compare ourselves to our peers and the standards that are most familiar to us. For instance, in my private practice, I have one patient I will call “Omar” who is dependent on social services and makes less than $30,000 per year at his job. While this level of poverty would lead most people to wake up depressed each day, Omar is one of the most optimistic and appreciative individuals I know. Why? Because most of his closest peers—his siblings and friends from childhood—have lives far worse than his. In contrast to Omar, I have another patient, an adolescent I’ll call “Lena”, whose family has property over $5 million. Lena, however, lives in an upper-class neighborhood where her family is at the lower end of the income level. Though Lena’s family allows her to enjoy possessions and experiences that less than l percent of her peers across the world can share, she consistently feels “less than”. Why? Because Lena doesn’t compare herself to the rest of the world; This is too abstract an exercise for her, as it would be for most of us. Accordingly, whether a psychologist is psychodynamic or cognitive-behavioral, therapy with individuals struggling with situation al or psychological depression aims to solve the problems associated with basing one’s self-worth on comparisons with others. Psychologists try to help people focus on personal growth around the achievement of concrete goals in line with their values independent of the achievement of others. For all of us, defining these goals, especially during Periods of emotional calm, can go a long way in helping us to avoid the trap of relativity that often leads to situational and psychological depression. 51. In writing Paragraph 1, the author aims to . A. show the significance of evaluating people. B. motivate readers to study psychological tests. C. help people perform well in psychological tests D. provide some background information on evaluating people. 52. Why does the author mention his two patients? A. To measure different achievement. B. To introduce the standards to evaluate people. C. To explain relative performance with examples. D. To contrast relative performance and absolute performance. 53. Which of the following statements is true according to Para.3 and Para.4? A. “Omar” is independent on social services. B. “Omar”‘s siblings lead better lives than he does. C. “Lena” is always discontented with what she has. D. “Lena” tends to compare herself to the rest of the world. 54. What message does the last paragraph convey? A. Setting goals in life is essential for everyone. B. It’s important to avoid unhealthy comparisons. C. A sense of achievement can affect one’s happiness. D. Improving self-worth can help get rid of depression. 55 What is the best title for the text? A. Happiness: Is it all relative? B. Happiness: Is it associated with achievement? C. Self-worth: Is it based on efforts? D. Self-worth: Is it measurable? 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 (共35分) 第四部分：写作 第一节：阅读表达(共5小题;每题2分，满分10分) 阅读表达 “Someone once asked me, ‘What’s the tool you would want to give any student’? And I said, ‘A mask and snorkel (潜水通气管) set,’’’ the ocean biologist Thys says in a video. And Thys explains, “Ninety-eight percent of the living space on this planet is the ocean. It’s worth a view.” Thys has devoted her career to seeing the ocean, and to helping others watch the great diversity of the underwater world. A big part of what motivates her work is the chance to let people develop a sense of respect for the grandness of the ocean, and to get people to participate in efforts to protect endangered ocean ecosystems. Since studying ocean biology, Thys has focused her research on how sea animals live. One animal she particularly studies is the ocean sunfish. “It’s so different from any other fish,” says Thys. “It looks like a mistake. Where does the tail go?” Thys adds. “The sunfish provides an entry point to understanding more about the behavior of creatures in the ocean, and about how environmental changes impact underwater ecosystems.” Thys’s work also takes her above ground, where she’s looking at ways to create new connections between human populations and natural environments to help address social and environmental challenges. For instance, she’s working on nature’s effects on mental well-being. Thys’s passion for her work is evident in every lecture, video, and public appearance she makes. Using the media, Thys encourages people to learn about the ocean and love it. Due to many ocean research projects and activities from the media, Thys is up to her neck in work every day. She could hardly spare plenty of time for a good rest. Thys’s devotion to her work as an ocean scientist and ecological warrior is infectious. She’s a role model and an inspiring guide to ocean life. 56. Why would Thys like to send students a mask and snorkel set? (no more than 8 words) _________________________________________ 57. What greatly motivates Thys’s work according to Paragraph 2? (no more than 10 words) _________________________________________ 58. What does Thys think of the ocean sunfish? (no more than 10 words) _________________________________________ 59. What does the underlined part in the last paragraph mean? (no more than 5 words) _________________________________________ 60. What’s your attitude towards Thys and her work? (no more than 20 words) _________________________________________ 第二节：书面表达(满分25分) 61. 假设你是晨光中学高三学生李津，你的英国朋友Chris在中国学习中文已满两年， 即将回国。请你给他写一封e-mail，邀请他参加为他举办的欢送会，内容包括： （1） 祝贺他顺利通过考试，他的学习进步很大，为他骄傲； （2） 感谢他帮助你们学习英语； （3） 时间：星期六晚六点； 地点：你校餐厅二楼大厅。 注意： （1） 词数不少于100； （2） 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； （3） 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：欢送会 farewell party Dear Chris, Congratulations on your passing all the exams. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 听力答案：1-5 ABCAC 6-10 BBAAB 11-15 BCACB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$