第06讲 七选五提升讲解-【暑假自学课】2024年高二英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

第06讲 七选五提升讲解 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1.掌握七选五这个题型的做题步骤和技巧。 2.学会分析文章的发展脉络，找到上下文之间的联系。 3.运用做七选五的技巧去了解说明文的风格。 1. 首先需要了解七个选项大概的意思，看看哪些跟文章的中心思想有关联，看看能否排除掉无关选项； 2. 看一下文章中的5处空格有没有出现特殊的标点符号，比如说问号和逗号结尾的，一般这种地方的答案属于半句，比如说“If..........; When...........; As.........”这样的半句。 例：Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them 【答案】C 【解析】从句式结构上看，逗号后是祈使句，没有连词，正确答案要么是带有连词的从句，要么是一个短语，只有A、 B、 C、 E四个选项符合，这样就缩小了选择范围；根据空前句中的preparation (准备)，和常识可知是“训练前”，故选C项。 3. 如果空格前后有代词出现，可以看看指代的是上下文的哪一个事物或者人物，代词也分单数和复数。 例1: Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. ____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? E. They can change according to circumstances. F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it. 【答案】E 【解析】上文说“记得，目标是灵活的”。该空承接上文，E选项“它们会根据环境的改变而改变”切题，故选E。 例2：Try to solve the problem. After you’re calm and you have support from adults and friends, it’s time to get down to business. 74 Even if you can’t solve it all, you can solve a piece of it. D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone. E. You need to figure out what the problem is. F. And don’t forget about your friends. 【答案】E 【解析】本段主题句是“Tryto solve the problem”，空后句又有solve it，其中it指什么？当然是theproblem，因此，前句中一定会出现problem一词，七个选项中只有E项符合。 4. 如果空格是在小标题的位置，可以参考上下文中的小标题具有什么特征，属于动词原形或者动词ing形式开头的那种还是普通名词开头的。 如果空在小标题，一般是简洁精炼的短句； 小标题与选项段中是否有出现与选项一致的同义词、近义词等，或指示代词，这类多次重复出现的高频词语可以帮助选出正确答案； 如果小标题下具体内容挖空，则位置不定，首中尾都有可能，并可能出现单个小标题段落中包含多个选项的情况，不仅需要学生联系上下文，也需要学生具备一定的句子分析能力； 例1： 1. The basic function of money. Being explaining the basic function of money … 2. Money lessons. Approach money lessons with openness… 3. 74 Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a product-a name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品), for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. A. Wise decisions. B. The value of money. 【答案】A 【解析】本题要求选小标题。观察其他标题，都是名词短语，因此，本标题也应是名词短语；七个选项中只有A、B两个选项是名词短语，这样就可大大缩小选择范围；浏览两个选项，再看空后文字，发现decisions与choices大意相同(近义词)，故选A项。 5. 如果空格后有转折词也需要注意，比如说有but, however这种，意味着前面的空格所填的内容与后面形成相反的情况。 例题：Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. ____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. A. This can affect your work. B. So how should you motivate yourself? C. However, this should not discourage you. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? 【答案】C 【解析】上文说“你可能想当一名飞行员，但是不能成为一名飞行员，因为你的视力不够好。”下文说“你应该重新评估你的目标，并且设定一个新的目标”。该空承上启下，C选项“然而，这不应该使你气馁。”切题，故选C。 6.句子的逻辑关系，需要找连接词； 也需要注意固定搭配，比如：“some……while others……”、“on one hand……on the other hand……”、for one thing,....... for the other thing,.........等，这类搭配很多，需要在学习中多积累。 注意： for one thing...for another...,some...other(s)...,first...second...等这些组合既可能出现在同一段落中，也可能分别出现在相邻两段的句首。 例题：Most people know how to manage, express, and cope with emotions in a healthy way. _____16_____ In fact, knowing how to regulate emotions is important for everyone. But what is emotion regulation, and how can you improve your emotion regulation skills? D. Emotion regulation goals vary strongly from situation to situation. E. For some people, though, emotion regulation is much more difficult. F. Emotion regulation refers to the ability to control one's own emotions. G. Sometimes you may regulate your emotions to achieve another end goal. 【答案】16. E These days its more important than ever to teach children to cough or sneeze into a tissue or their elbow. It's not just a matter of hygiene（卫生）—no one enjoys getting sprayed. 40 Don't forget to teach them to say "excuse me"after. D.Crying,laughing, or just talking,children can be very loud. E.Lacking basic manners will affect kids in all areas of their lives. F.It is also a way to help others feel safe and comfortable around you. G.Eventually it's about teaching them not to treat others as their servants. 【答案】40. F 7. 作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出现，这种现象叫词语复现。 同一个词的重复出现叫原词复现；以同义词的形式重复出现，叫同义复现；以近义词或近义表达(意思相近，表达方式不同)的形式重复出现，叫近义复现；以词义相同而词性不同的形式重复出现，叫同根复现。还有上义词与下义词的复现 (adult是teacher,parent的上义词，而teacher, parent就是adult的下义词)。 值得注意的是，有的题利用词语复现解题十分管用，但这并不意味着凡与上句或下句有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将含复现词的选项代入原文，看该选项与上下文是否真的衔接，只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。 例题：38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. A. Learn to really trust yourself. B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. 【答案】A 【解析】要求选段落主题句。不要因为选项B与空后句中都有confidence，原词复现就选B，也不要因为选项C中与空后句中都有yourself，原词复现就选C。选项A中的trust yourself与空格后的Having confidence in yourself(信任你自己)是同义复现，所以该选项是重点考虑对象；将选项A代入原文，上下句意为“学会真正地信任你自己。信任你自己有助于做出更好的选择……”语义衔接紧密，故选A。 教材习题 In my writing, I adhere (遵守) to some essential rules: understanding the message I want to convey and to whom I am communicating, and presenting it in a clear and concise (简洁) manner. When my target audience is my professors, or when my writing is expected to be read by my students, I adopt a different style. ____16____ A clear message is necessary to avoid boring readers or losing your audience. ____17____ It matters in all forms of communication. Skilled speakers and performers interact with their audience and deliver their message effectively. In contrast, ineffective communication can result in a lost message. Effective communication is arguably the most crucial skill you can learn in life. ____18____ For example: imagine being a scientist who has made a groundbreaking discovery. If you cannot explain your work to others using words, how difficult would it be to mime (比划着表达) your findings? Unfortunately, communication skills are often overlooked in education. On this account, many people have experienced ineffective communication at some point in their lives, both as the speaker and the recipient. ____19____ Universities in China are taking steps to improve communication skills. By prioritizing communication skills, we can help students become better communicators. In conclusion, effective communication is vital in all areas of life, including writing, speaking, and performing. ____20____ With it we will be more likely to succeed in all aspects of life. A. Readers can easily get bored. B. Understanding the audience is crucial. C. However, there is good news on the horizon. D. Effective communication is not limited to writing. E. It is fundamental to success in many aspects of life. F. Great ideas are only limited by our ability to express them. G. It is a skill that can be learned and developed through practice. 解题方法 【16题详解】 根据上文“When my target audience is my professors, or when my writing is expected to be read by my students, I adopt a different style.)”以及后文“A clear message is necessary to avoid boring readers or losing your audience.”可知，上文列举了不同的听众，采取的风格不同，说明要了解听众。故B选项“了解听众是至关重要的”符合语境，故选B。 【17题详解】 根据后文“It matters in all forms of communication. Skilled speakers and performers interact with their audience and deliver their message effectively. In contrast, ineffective communication can result in a lost message.”可知，后文提到了无效沟通，说明本句是在说明有积极作用的有效沟通。D选项Effective communication与后文ineffective communication相对应。故D选项“有效的沟通并不局限于写作”符合语境，故选D。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Effective communication is arguably the most crucial skill you can learn in life.”以及后文“For example: imagine being a scientist who has made a groundbreaking discovery. If you cannot explain your work to others using words, how difficult would it be to mime (比划着表达) your findings?”可知，本句主要论述了有效沟通在生活中的重要性，E选项中It指代Effective communication。故E选项“在生活的许多方面，它都是成功的基础”符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Unfortunately, communication skills are often overlooked in education. On this account, many people have experienced ineffective communication at some point in their lives, both as the speaker and the recipient.”以及后文“Universities in China are taking steps to improve communication skills. By prioritizing communication skills, we can help students become better communicators.”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出沟通技巧也可以得到提高的好消息。故C选项“然而，也有好消息”符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文“In conclusion, effective communication is vital in all areas of life, including writing, speaking, and performing.”以及后文“With it we will be more likely to succeed in all aspects of life.”可知，本句继续说明有效沟通技能如何培养，后文则说明了其作用。故G选项“这是一种可以通过实践学习和发展的技能”符合语境，故选G。 【答案】BDECG 考点一 段首题 ____19____ When it comes to aims, think both big and small. Small things like going to a social club or gym a few times a week or walking around the neighborhood can have wonderful outcomes for well-being. A. Prevention beats cure B. Try to stay physically active. C. Create attainable health goals. D. Events do not happen as one wishes. E. However, there are ways to age gracefully. F. It’s a good idea to visit your doctor yearly at least G. The emergency room is not the place to discuss things. 【答案】19. C 【解析】空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“When it comes to aims, think both big and small. Small things like going to a social club or gym a few times a week or walking around the neighborhood can have wonderful outcomes for well-being.(当谈到目标时，要考虑大小。一些小事，比如每周去几次社交俱乐部或健身房，或者在附近散步，都会对健康产生很好的影响)”可知，本段的建议是制定可实现的健康目标。C项“Create attainable health goals.(制定可实现的健康目标)”符合题意，总起下文。故选C。 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ____39____Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle. To many, they are fun and thrilling places to explore. You can even be addicted to discoveries of the antique kind which can be found in some night markets. A. Your curiosity will be satisfied here. B. There is so much to see, buy and eat. C. People would complain about the noises here. D. Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market. E. It would be a regret not to try on mouth-watering local dishes. F. New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends and market demand. G. Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here too. 【答案】39. D 【解析】根据下文“Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle.(因此，这里不适合胆小或温柔的人)”可知，空处是解释夜市不适合胆小或温柔的人的原因，D项“喧闹的人群是夜市的标志”符合语境，故选D。 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ___37___ During that time, people all over the world spent little money, because they were forced to stay home. Fuel prices dropped because people weren’t really going anywhere. But now that everything is getting back to normal in many countries, people want to go out and meet friends, get their hair properly cut and generally spend money again. So the demand for goods and services is rising rapidly. A. The Covid-19 pandemic is the main cause. B. Therefore, we should prepare for “the worst”. C. So we can hope ”the worst" can be prevented. D. In the case of money, inflation means the price of things is rising. E. There is also a shortage of materials like plastic, concrete and steel. F. All of this hits the poor the hardest, and leads to fewer goods being bought. G. The war in Ukraine has affected the supply of gas to Europe, as this mostly comes from Russia. 【答案】37. A 【解析】根据后文“During that time, people all over the world spent little money, because they were forced to stay home. Fuel prices dropped because people weren’t really going anywhere. But now that everything is getting back to normal in many countries, people want to go out and meet friends, get their hair properly cut and generally spend money again. So the demand for goods and services is rising rapidly.(在那段时间里，世界各地的人们几乎不花钱，因为他们被迫呆在家里。燃料价格下降是因为人们没有真正去任何地方。但现在在许多国家，一切都恢复了正常，人们想出去见朋友，理理头发，通常又开始花钱了。因此，对商品和服务的需求正在迅速增长)”可知，本句是在说明导致通货膨胀的第一个原因，后文提到被迫呆在家里，可见是因为疫情。故A选项“Covid-19大流行是主要原因”符合语境，故选A。 Analyze Each and Every Choice ___18___ Practicing integrity means making the right decision no matter what. Some seemingly right decisions that we make in life could be disastrous for some. Honesty and integrity aren’t something that you must practice when it is convenient for you. You must always be like that whatever the circumstances are. Apply Your Ethics In The World ___19___ We learn so many great things in childhood, some of which are habits that we follow for our whole life. Practicing integrity is just like that, you would just be practicing your everyday life but with more analysis. Having integrity also means more than being consistent. ___20___ We must not always do what comes naturally to us because it is our nature to shy away from difficulties. We must find the courage within ourselves to face all the difficulties in life, only then will we become successful. A. Sometimes we have to face the unavoidable. B. Always remember that your choices define you ultimately. C. Sometimes we need to decide what we want to achieve in life. D. There are circumstances when right and wrong are very apparent. E. To have integrity, you must clearly know what is right and wrong. F. Always find ways to apply your ethics and morals in everyday life. G. No matter what happens, you will never go against your core values. 【答案】18. B 19. F 【解析】 【18题详解】 根据本段段旨“Analyze Each and Every Choice(分析每一个选择)”以及后文“Practicing integrity means making the right decision no matter what. Some seemingly right decisions that we make in life could be disastrous for some.(正直意味着无论如何都要做出正确的决定。我们在生活中做出的一些看似正确的决定对某些人来说可能是灾难性的。)”可知此处强调在某种情况下人们不一定能保持正义，但作者认为仍然要坚持自己的选择。B选项“Always remember that your choices define you ultimately.(永远记住，你的选择最终定义了你。)”引起下文，强调坚持自己的选择，同时也与段旨呼应。故选B。 【19题详解】 根据本段段旨“Apply Your Ethics In The World(把你的道德观运用到世界上)”可知，本段主要讲述的是在生活中运用自己的道德观。F选项“Always find ways to apply your ethics and morals in everyday life.(总是想办法在日常生活中运用你的伦理道德。)”与段旨呼应。故选F。 考点二 段中题 What is the meaning of integrity? Integrity means living your life according to your own morals and ethics (道德标准). ___16___ Alongside that, you must also know what the purpose of your life is, and what you intend to do with your life. Having integrity also means more than being consistent. ___20___ We must not always do what comes naturally to us because it is our nature to shy away from difficulties. We must find the courage within ourselves to face all the difficulties in life, only then will we become successful. A. Sometimes we have to face the unavoidable. B. Always remember that your choices define you ultimately. C. Sometimes we need to decide what we want to achieve in life. D. There are circumstances when right and wrong are very apparent. E. To have integrity, you must clearly know what is right and wrong. F. Always find ways to apply your ethics and morals in everyday life. G. No matter what happens, you will never go against your core values. 【答案】16. E 20. A 【解析】 【16题详解】 根据后文“Alongside that, you must also know what the purpose of your life is, and what you intend to do with your life.(除此之外，你还必须知道你生活的目的是什么，你打算怎么处理生活。)”可知，此处强调，除了要知道什么是对，什么是错，还必须要知道生活的目的，即对设空处的补充。E选项“To have integrity, you must clearly know what is right and wrong.(要有诚信，你必须清楚地知道什么是对，什么是错。)”指出要有诚信，你必须清楚地知道什么是对，什么是错。后文中that指代“你必须清楚地知道什么是对，什么是错”的事实。故E选项中引起下文，符合语境。故选E。 【20题详解】 根据前文“Having integrity also means more than being consistent.(正直也不仅仅意味着始终如一。)”以及后文“We must not always do what comes naturally to us because it is our nature to shy away from difficulties. (我们不能总是随遇而安，因为逃避困难是我们的天性。)”可知，我们不必永远随遇而安，因为畏难是人类的天性，故而可推测空中句应为我们需要敢于面对困难。A选项“Sometimes we have to face the unavoidable.(有时候我们不得不面对不可避免的事情。)”符合语境。故选A。 Probably you already love to walk, but you’re getting bored of tracing the same old route day after day, or maybe you’re new to walking and aren’t sure how to get started.___17___ Ask yourself, what do you want to get out of walking aside from the health benefits? Do you want to meet other people? See new places? Get out into the countryside or explore a new city? Knowing your goals will help you decide on the type of walk you want to do. Call up your friends and schedule walks with them if socializing is your aim. ___18___ Many malls have groups that come every day, or every weekend, to “walk the mall”. These groups are always happy to include one more walker! From the benefits to your heart to your overall happiness, walking is just plain good for you. ___20___ It’s a fantastic way to get to know a place by the power of your own two feet. A. This month, pick up a map and start walking. B. Ask your friends where they like to walk and just go there. C. You may as well consider heading to a new city for a change. D. Either way, it’s time to accept the idea of walking with a purpose. E. Recently, science has proved that walking is good for your body shape. F. And best of all, it’s a great way to see new things and meet new people! G. If you’re after walking alone, ask about local hikes that get you away from the crowd. 【答案】17. D 18. B 20. A 【解析】 【17题详解】 根据前文“Probably you already love to walk, but you’re getting bored of tracing the same old route day after day, or maybe you’re new to walking and aren’t sure how to get started. (也许你已经喜欢散步了，但是你已经厌倦了日复一日走同样的路线，或者也许你是步行新手，不知道如何开始)”可知，此处是讲你可能已经厌倦了日复一日同样的路线，或者不知道如何开始，是时候尝试新的做法了。再根据后文“Knowing your goals will help you decide on the type of walk you want to do. (知道你的目标将帮助你决定你想要走的类型)”可知，此处提到了要有自己的目标。所以选项D“不管怎样，是时候接受带着目标散步的想法了。”能够承上启下，切合文意。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Call up your friends and schedule walks with them if socializing is your aim. (如果社交是你的目标，打电话给你的朋友，和他们一起安排散步)”可知，此处是指和朋友商议散步路线，所以选项B“问问你的朋友他们喜欢在哪里散步，就去那里。”切合文意。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据后文“It’s a fantastic way to get to know a place by the power of your own two feet. (通过自己的双脚来了解一个地方是一种很好的方式)”可知，此处是号召人们开始散步，所以选项A“这个月，拿起一张地图，开始散步。”切合文意。故选A。 This year, everything is getting more expensive. This is called inflation. The word inflation comes from inflate, which means “to grow big”. For instance, we inflate balloons. ___36___ When everyone suddenly wants the same thing, it becomes scarce and the price goes up because people will pay more to get it. In fact, inflation has been described as “too much money chasing too few goods”. A. The Covid-19 pandemic is the main cause. B. Therefore, we should prepare for “the worst”. C. So we can hope ”the worst" can be prevented. D. In the case of money, inflation means the price of things is rising. E. There is also a shortage of materials like plastic, concrete and steel. F. All of this hits the poor the hardest, and leads to fewer goods being bought. G. The war in Ukraine has affected the supply of gas to Europe, as this mostly comes from Russia. 【答案】36. D 【解析】根据上文“This year, everything is getting more expensive. This is called inflation. The word inflation comes from inflate, which means “to grow big”. For instance, we inflate balloons.(今年，所有东西都越来越贵了。这被称为通货膨胀。通货膨胀一词来源于inflation，意为“膨胀”。例如，我们给气球充气)”可知，本句承接上文，继续就通货膨胀进行举例说明。故D选项“以货币为例，通货膨胀意味着东西的价格在上涨”符合语境，故选D。 As we age, it is natural for our bodies to undergo certain changes that can affect our health and well-being. ____16____ Here are some tips for seniors to age with health in mind. Focus on social determinants of health. ____18____ Make sure you spend enough time and energy on the non-clinical things that impact health outcomes. This includes eating healthy food, exercise, meditation (冥想), social interaction, and doing the things that bring you joy. You may be surprised to know the social and economic factors that impact health account for up to 75 percent of health outcomes. Cultivate a strong relationship with your PCP. Having a strong and stable relationship with your primary care physician is important. ____20____ You need to find out conditions you may not be aware of. This can include diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. A. Prevention beats cure B. Try to stay physically active. C. Create attainable health goals. D. Events do not happen as one wishes. E. However, there are ways to age gracefully. F. It’s a good idea to visit your doctor yearly at least G. The emergency room is not the place to discuss things. 【答案】16. E 18. B 20. F 【解析】 【16题详解】 根据上文“As we age, it is natural for our bodies to undergo certain changes that can affect our health and well-being.(随着年龄的增长，我们的身体发生某些变化是很自然的，这些变化会影响我们的健康和幸福)”可知，变老会影响我们的健康和幸福，结合下文“Here are some tips for seniors to age with health in mind.(这里有一些建议，供老年人健康的老去)”推知，空处内容与上文构成转折，指出人们可以优雅的变老。E项“However, there are ways to age gracefully.(然而，有一些方法可以优雅地变老)”符合题意。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Make sure you spend enough time and energy on the non-clinical things that impact health outcomes. This includes eating healthy food, exercise, meditation (冥想), social interaction, and doing the things that bring you joy. (确保你花了足够的时间和精力在影响健康结果的非临床事情上。这包括吃健康的食物、锻炼、冥想、社交以及做能给你带来快乐的事情)”可知，应该在身体上保持积极活跃。B项“Try to stay physically active.(尽量在身体上保持活跃)”符合题意。故选B。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Having a strong and stable relationship with your primary care physician is important.(与你的初级保健医生建立牢固稳定的关系很重要)”和下文“You need to find out conditions you may not be aware of. This can include diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases.(你需要找出你可能不知道的情况。这可能包括糖尿病、癌症和心血管疾病)”可知，要常与医生联系，除了建立稳固的关系外，也可以了解自己不知道的健康问题。F项“It’s a good idea to visit your doctor yearly at least(至少每年去看医生是个好主意)”符合题意，承上启下。故选F。 People refer to never forgetting how to ride a bike or throw a baseball as examples of “muscle memory”, the result of a motor learning. _____16_____ It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse. Previous research has shown that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves. In one study of mice, the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in response to an overload of training, those extra nuclei aren’t lost during subsequent periods of inactivity. They are retained (保留), essentially waiting to be reactivated. If you fell off the fitness wagon (马车) during the pandemic, don’t be frustrated. Once you have got additional nuclei, you are banking the capacity. _____17_____ In fact, a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to regain your former fitness. It depends on how fit you were initially, how long the layoff was, how old you are and how long you’d been exercising. Ultimately, muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport. _____20_____ You will never know how much muscle memory you may have until you start training again. A. The best way to tap into it is to “get back on the horse”. B. Physiologists, on the other hand, define it in a different way. C. This convinces the researchers that muscle memory may not be long lasting. D. That is to say, we can do the sports automatically without conscious thought. E. It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two. F. It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have. G. All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme. 【答案】16. B 17. A 20. F 【解析】 【16题详解】 下文“It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse. (这是一种现象，以前训练过的肌肉在一段时间不使用后获得力量)”是从生理学对运动作的一个定义。结合选项，B项“Physiologists, on the other hand, define it in a different way. (另一方面，生理学家则用不同的方式来定义它)”引起下文，语意一致。故选B。 【17题详解】 前文“If you fell off the fitness wagon (马车) during the pandemic, don’t be frustrated. Once you have got additional nuclei, you are banking the capacity. (如果你在疫情期间放弃了健身计划，不要沮丧。一旦你有了额外的核，你就储存了容量)”介绍如果健身计划中断，也没有关系。下文“In fact, a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to regain your former fitness. (事实上，最近的一项研究表明，不到八周的再训练就能恢复你以前的健康)”介绍如果中断健身以后，不到八周的再训练就能恢复你以前的健康。结合选项，A项“The best way to tap into it is to “get back on the horse”. (进入这种状态的最好方法是“重新开始”)”承接上文的“因为疫情放弃了健身计划”，所以要重新开始，启下“重新开始很快就能恢复以前的状态”。故选A。 【20题详解】 前文“Ultimately, muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport. (最终，肌肉记忆是你过去为学习一项运动所付出的所有努力的回报)”介绍肌肉记忆是你过去为学习一项运动所付出的所有努力的回报。结合选项，F项“It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have. (很明显，你锻炼得越多，你的肌肉记忆就会储存得越多)”为前文的同义句，努力越多，回报越多；锻炼越多，肌肉记忆就会储存得越多。故选F。 考点三 段尾题 _____18_____ It means you still have a distinct advantage when it comes to regaining your former level of fitness. And the principle applies to both resistance training and endurance training. The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing, and then gradually increase in terms of duration, frequency, then intensity. _____19_____ A. The best way to tap into it is to “get back on the horse”. B. Physiologists, on the other hand, define it in a different way. C. This convinces the researchers that muscle memory may not be long lasting. D. That is to say, we can do the sports automatically without conscious thought. E. It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two. F. It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have. G. All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme. 【答案】19. E 【解析】前文“The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing, and then gradually increase in terms of duration, frequency, then intensity. (恢复肌肉记忆的最好方法是从低于你习惯的水平开始，然后逐渐增加持续时间、频率和强度)”介绍恢复肌肉记忆的具体方法。结合选项，E项“It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two. (一般来说，每一两周增加5%的这些元素是安全的)”仍为恢复肌肉记忆的具体方法，为细节的延续。故选E。 There are endless ways to do that. The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. ____20____. A. These are all great choices B. Think about what you like to do C. You can identify your purpose and work out how to get there D. Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose E. Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better F. The sooner you complete the training requirements, the sooner you will make a living G. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people 【答案】20. G 【解析】上文“The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose.（重要的不是你如何为这个世界服务，而是只是以某种方式为这个世界服务会让你感到充满目标。）”。说明选择一些有意义的工作带给你目标感。G项“If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people（如果你选择了一份有目的且有趣的工作，你总是比大多数人走得更远）”进一步说明选择一份有目标的工作带给你的意义，承接上文，符合语境。故选G项。 Extreme weather events all over the world have made things much worse. For example, droughts in China and California threatened hydropower, while heavy rainfall and flooding in South and Southeast Asia disrupted coal mining in countries like India and China. The cost of coffee increased when Brazil—the world’s largest producer—had a poor harvest after severe drought. ___39___ The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned that 2023 could be the “darkest hour” for the global economy: “The three largest economies — the United States, China and the Euro area—will continue to stall. The worst is yet to come.” But, to end on a hopeful note, experts say that manufacturing and tourism are gradually rebounding in Malaysia, Thailand and the Pacific island countries. ___40___ A. The Covid-19 pandemic is the main cause. B. Therefore, we should prepare for “the worst”. C. So we can hope ”the worst" can be prevented. D. In the case of money, inflation means the price of things is rising. E. There is also a shortage of materials like plastic, concrete and steel. F. All of this hits the poor the hardest, and leads to fewer goods being bought. G. The war in Ukraine has affected the supply of gas to Europe, as this mostly comes from Russia. 【答案】39. F 40. C 【解析】 【39题详解】 根据上文“For example, droughts in China and California threatened hydropower, while heavy rainfall and flooding in South and Southeast Asia disrupted coal mining in countries like India and China. The cost of coffee increased when Brazil—the world’s largest producer—had a poor harvest after severe drought.(例如，中国和加州的干旱威胁到了水力发电，而南亚和东南亚的强降雨和洪水则扰乱了印度和中国等国的煤矿开采。当世界上最大的咖啡生产国巴西在严重干旱后收成不佳时，咖啡价格上涨)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应说明上文这些物品价格所带来的影响：所有这些对穷人的打击最大，导致人们购买的商品减少。故F选项“所有这些对穷人的打击最大，导致人们购买的商品减少”符合语境，故选F。 【40题详解】 根据上文“The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned that 2023 could be the “darkest hour” for the global economy: “The three largest economies — the United States, China and the Euro area—will continue to stall. The worst is yet to come.” But, to end on a hopeful note, experts say that manufacturing and tourism are gradually rebounding in Malaysia, Thailand and the Pacific island countries.(国际货币基金组织(IMF)警告称，2023年可能是全球经济“最黑暗的时刻”：“三大经济体——美国、中国和欧元区——将继续停滞不前。最糟糕的还在后面。”不过，专家们说，马来西亚、泰国和太平洋岛国的制造业和旅游业正在逐渐复苏，这也给人们带来了希望)”可知，上文提到了“马来西亚、泰国和太平洋岛国的制造业和旅游业正在逐渐复苏，这也给人们带来了希望”，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出这些希望可以让最坏的情况被避免。故C选项“所以我们可以希望“最坏的情况”可以避免”符合语境，故选C。 The night markets are typically from 5 p.m. till 10:30 p.m. You can get anything from night markets, be it groceries, clothing, good local food, hot snacks, household items, fresh produce, and even the latest styles. By around 6 p.m., the market is in full swing as the first groups of people sweep in. For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.____37____. Some places are 24-hour markets, which are livelier at night when traders set up numerous stalls selling unusual local food, exotic tropical (热带的) fruits, cheap clothes, second-hand goods as well as fresh produce. The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.____40____. A. Your curiosity will be satisfied here. B. There is so much to see, buy and eat. C. People would complain about the noises here. D. Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market. E. It would be a regret not to try on mouth-watering local dishes. F. New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends and market demand. G. Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here too. 【答案】37. G 40. B 【解析】 【37题详解】 空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.(对于那些做饭的人来说，这里有一个又一个摊位出售新鲜的海鲜、肉类产品和各种各样的蔬菜)”可知，空处应承接上文继续描述夜市出售的食材，G项“干牛肉和咸蛋等干制和腌制食品在这里也很容易买到”符合语境，故选G。 【40题详解】 根据上文“The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.(在热情的夜晚，夜市确实是一种令人兴奋的体验，也是一场视觉盛宴。气氛几乎是喜庆的)”可知，此处是总结夜市的一些特点，B项“有那么多东西要看、要买、要吃”符合语境，故选B。 考点四 小标题题 ● Slow down Racing around is not necessarily the only way to get what you want. ___18___. Most adults do not feel happy when they’re rushing, and children are even less capable of doing it with a good attitude. Instead of sweating through your routine, turn on some background music you like and move at a normal pace. ●___19___ The ability to let your mind wander, whether daydreaming or actively applying your imagination, is a skill that improves patience.___20___. Take a break and do something that could free your brain from the work that takes tons of energy. This helps you build up your staying power, so next time you might be more patient and more likely to focus on your task. A. Learn to distract yourself B. Add some positive words if possible C. Therefore, we are getting more and more impatient 【答案】19. A 【解析】根据下文“Take a break and do something that could free your brain from the work that takes tons of energy. (休息一下，做一些可以让你的大脑从消耗大量能量的工作中解放出来的事情)”可知本段建议的方法是要学会分散注意力，与A项“Learn to distract yourself(学会分散自己的注意力)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。 Working out can make the bones stronger. Exercise also strengthens bones, which becomes more important the older a person gets. Bones go through a natural process of breaking down the rebuilding. ____38____ Physical activity produces that stimulation and, therefore, helps decrease the likelihood of conditions such as osteoporosis (骨质疏松). ____39____ Many people are concerned with looking older. Slowing and reversing the effects of aging are benefits of physical exercise. Cellulite (皮下脂肪团), for example, can make a young woman appear older than she is. ____40____ Wrinkles are another sign of aging that can be reduced by exercise since physical activity tends to improve the condition of skin. A. Many people want to change or improve their bodies. B. Taking regular exercise can reduce the effects of aging. C. As people grow older, however, the rebuilding process slows unless it is stimulated. D. Training also reduces the negative physical effects which a person feels when he ages. E. Exercise has the ability to help a person change his body shape, and make him stronger. F. The appearance of cellulite can be diminished with basic exercises such as walking or jogging. G. These include strengthening the bones, strengthening the muscles, and reducing the effects of aging. 【答案】39. B 【解析】根据后文“Many people are concerned with looking older. Slowing and reversing the effects of aging are benefits of physical exercise.(很多人都很在意自己的显老。减缓和逆转衰老的影响是体育锻炼的好处)”可知，本段的主旨是锻炼可以减缓衰老。故B选项“经常锻炼可以减少衰老的影响”符合语境，故选B。 Applying the correct time management skills and tips can help you get more organized and increase productivity. The more of these tools you learn to use, the more that you will get done each day. ____16____ First, get your work list ready for the following day the evening or night before. The best exercise is for you to plan your entire next day as the last thing you do before coming home from work. When you plan your day the night before, your subconscious then goes to work on your plans and goals while you are asleep. Very often you will wake up in the morning with ideas and insights that apply to the work of the day. ____17____ A major reason for insomnia is your lying awake trying not to forget to remember everything that you have to do the following day. Schedule your time. ____18____ The very act of using your organizational skills to plan your day, week, and month, gives you a greater feeling of control and will help increase productivity throughout your day. You’ll feel in charge of your life. Mastering your time organization actually increases your self-esteem and improves your sense of personal power. Start early. To increase productivity, start your day early. ____19____ In the biographies and autobiographies of successful men and women, almost all of them have one thing in common. They developed great organizational skills and the habit of going to bed at a reasonable hour and rising early. Many successful people arise at 5:00 A.M. or 5:30 A.M. ____20____ As a result, they are always more effective than those who sleep in until the last possible moment. A. Prepare in advance. B. It reduces stress and releases energy. C. Increase productivity with prime time. D. Then they can have enough time to think and plan for the coming day. E. Your most important work requires that you be at your best, and creative. F. A major benefit of doing so is that this exercise lets you sleep more soundly. G. The more time you take to think and plan, the better organized you will be in your life. 【答案】16. A 17. F 18. B 19. G 20. D 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本篇讲述正确运用时间管理的一些方式。 【16题详解】 根据后文“First, get your work list ready for the following day the evening or night before. The best exercise is for you to plan your entire next day as the last thing you do before coming home from work. When you plan your day the night before, your subconscious then goes to work on your plans and goals while you are asleep. Very often you will wake up in the morning with ideas and insights that apply to the work of the day.(首先，在前一天晚上或前一天晚上准备好第二天的工作清单。对你来说，最好的锻炼是把第二天的工作计划好，作为下班回家前的最后一件事。当你在前一天晚上计划好一天的计划时，你的潜意识会在你睡着的时候开始执行你的计划和目标。早上醒来时，你经常会有一些适用于一天工作的想法和见解)”可知，后文提到了在前一天晚上或前一天晚上准备好第二天的工作清单，可知在建议提前准备。故A选项“提前准备”符合语境，故选A。 【17题详解】 根据上文“When you plan your day the night before, your subconscious then goes to work on your plans and goals while you are asleep. Very often you will wake up in the morning with ideas and insights that apply to the work of the day.( 当你在前一天晚上计划好一天的计划时，你的潜意识会在你睡着的时候开始执行你的计划和目标。早上醒来时，你经常会有一些适用于一天工作的想法和见解)”可知，应承接上文说明这么做的好处：让你睡得更香。故F选项“这样做的一个主要好处是可以让你睡得更香”符合语境，故选F。 【18题详解】 根据后文“The very act of using your organizational skills to plan your day, week, and month, gives you a greater feeling of control and will help increase productivity throughout your day. You’ll feel in charge of your life. Mastering your time organization actually increases your self-esteem and improves your sense of personal power.(使用你的组织技能来计划你的一天、一周和一个月，会给你更大的控制感，并有助于提高你一天的工作效率。你会觉得自己掌控着自己的生活。掌握你的时间安排实际上会增加你的自尊，提高你的个人力量感)”可知，本段的主旨是安排好时间，且后文提到了掌握你的时间安排实际上会增加你的自尊，提高你的个人力量感，即好处是“减轻压力，释放能量”。故B选项“它能减轻压力，释放能量”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Start early. To increase productivity, start your day early.(早开始。要提高工作效率，就早点开始一天的工作)”以及后文“In the biographies and autobiographies of successful men and women, almost all of them have one thing in common. They developed great organizational skills and the habit of going to bed at a reasonable hour and rising early. Many successful people arise at 5:00 A.M. or 5:30 A.M.(在成功人士的传记和自传中，他们几乎都有一个共同点。他们养成了良好的组织能力和在合理的时间睡觉和早起的习惯。许多成功人士早上5点或5点半起床)”可知，后文提到了成功人士养成了良好的组织能力和在合理的时间睡觉和早起的习惯，即计划自己的时间可以让生活更有条理。故G选项“你花越多的时间去思考和计划，你的生活就会越有条理”符合语境，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据上文“In the biographies and autobiographies of successful men and women, almost all of them have one thing in common. They developed great organizational skills and the habit of going to bed at a reasonable hour and rising early. Many successful people arise at 5:00 A.M. or 5:30 A.M.(在成功人士的传记和自传中，他们几乎都有一个共同点。他们养成了良好的组织能力和在合理的时间睡觉和早起的习惯。许多成功人士早上5点或5点半起床)”可知，本句承接上文说明早起对成功人士的好处和作用：让他们就有足够的时间来思考和计划接下来的一天。故D选项“这样他们就有足够的时间来思考和计划接下来的一天”符合语境，故选D。 How to Make Your Holiday Wonderful Don’t want to spend a holiday alone feeling blue? ___36___ 1. Don’t Force Cheer At family gatherings, when your relatives make some untruthful compliments (赞美), you will probably try to force a smile. ___37___ But a 2011 study by researchers at Michigan State University might make you think twice. They followed dozens of bus drivers for two weeks, looking to see when they force a happy face at their passengers. The results showed that on days when the drivers tried to pretend to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. 2. Don’t Suppress (压制) Sadness The results of the bus-driver study can be explained by researchers from Stanford University, who found that negative feelings like sadness or anger only worsen when we try to suppress them. ___38___ Expressing our sadness can help us get comfort and compassion from those who care about us. By contrast, suppressing our emotions can actually harm our relationships. 3. Respond Mindfully ___39___ When you respond mindfully to an emotional trigger (诱因), you pause rather than reacting. Instead of blaming yourself, you simply notice what you’re feeling without judging that response as right or wrong. Studies suggest that a mindful response to a negative event reduces the amount of negative emotions we experience. ___40___ Inevitably, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows. Perhaps the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well-being. A. A smile might seem like the most mature response. B. And mindfulness is a skill you can develop over time. C. So trying to hide their feelings seems to lead to an opposite result. D. Psychological research suggests some effective ways to help beat the holiday blues. E. Instead, if properly understood, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy life. F. Recently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of mindfulness. G. That’s because we feel worse when we try to control and hide our negative inner feelings. 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. G 39. F 40. B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何让假期过得更美好的一些建议。 【36题详解】 分析文章结构可知，本文是总分总结构。根据上文“Don’t want to spend a holiday alone feeling blue? (不想独自度过一个心情忧郁的假期吗？)”可知，上文向读者发问。结合下文的小标题可知，空出承上启下。所以心理学研究提供了一些有效的方法来战胜假日忧郁。D项“Psychological research suggests some effective ways to help beat the holiday blues. (心理学研究提出了一些有效的方法来帮助克服节日的忧郁情绪。)”符合文意，故选D项。 【37题详解】 根据本段小标题“Don’t Force Cheer (不要强求喝彩)”可知，本段主要讲述不要强求喝彩。根据上文“At family gatherings, when your relatives make some untruthful compliments (赞美), you will probably try to force a smile. (在家庭聚会上，当你的亲戚做出一些不真实的赞美时，你可能会试图强迫自己微笑。)”可知，本句引出“微笑”。A项“A smile might seem like the most mature response. (微笑似乎是最成熟的回应。)”跟前句之间是顺承关系。故选A项。 【38题详解】 根据本段小标题“Don’t Suppress (压制) Sadness (不要压抑悲伤)”可知，本段主要讲述不要压抑悲伤。根据上文“The results of the bus-driver study can be explained by researchers from Stanford University, who found that negative feelings like sadness or anger only worsen when we try to suppress them. (斯坦福大学的研究人员可以解释公交车司机研究的结果，他们发现悲伤或愤怒等负面情绪只会在我们试图抑制它们时恶化。)”讲到当我们试图抑制悲伤或愤怒等负面情绪时，它们只会变得更糟。G项“That’s because we feel worse when we try to control and hide our negative inner feelings. (这是因为当我们试图控制和隐藏内心的负面情绪时，我们会感觉更糟。)”分析原因，前后句子之间属于因果关系。干扰项C，前后句之间人称是矛盾的。故选G项。 【39题详解】 这一空位于这一小节段首，是统领这一小节的主题句。F项“Recently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of mindfulness. (最近，科学家们特别关注正念的好处。)”中的the benefits of mindfulness与副标题Respond Mindfully对应。故选F项。 【40题详解】 空格处位于段末。根据上文“ Studies suggest that a mindful response to a negative event reduces the amount of negative emotions we experience. (研究表明，对负面事件的专注反应会减少我们经历的负面情绪。)”可知，上文讲了正念的好处。 B项“And mindfulness is a skill you can develop over time. (正念是一种你可以随着时间的推移而发展的技能。)”与上文构成并列关系，故选B项。 ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第06讲 七选五提升讲解 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1.掌握七选五这个题型的做题步骤和技巧。 2.学会分析文章的发展脉络，找到上下文之间的联系。 3.运用做七选五的技巧去了解说明文的风格。 1. 首先需要了解七个选项大概的意思，看看哪些跟文章的中心思想有关联，看看能否排除掉无关选项； 2. 看一下文章中的5处空格有没有出现特殊的标点符号，比如说问号和逗号结尾的，一般这种地方的答案属于半句，比如说“If..........; When...........; As.........”这样的半句。 例：Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady, gradual increases in the length of the runs. 36 , buy the best-fitting, best-built running shoes you can find. A. After six days B. For a good marathon runner C. Before you begin your training E. If they still feel good, you can begin running in them 3. 如果空格前后有代词出现，可以看看指代的是上下文的哪一个事物或者人物，代词也分单数和复数。 例1: Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. ____39____ They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? E. They can change according to circumstances. F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job. G. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it. 例2：Try to solve the problem. After you’re calm and you have support from adults and friends, it’s time to get down to business. 74 Even if you can’t solve it all, you can solve a piece of it. D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone. E. You need to figure out what the problem is. F. And don’t forget about your friends. 4. 如果空格是在小标题的位置，可以参考上下文中的小标题具有什么特征，属于动词原形或者动词ing形式开头的那种还是普通名词开头的。 如果空在小标题，一般是简洁精炼的短句； 小标题与选项段中是否有出现与选项一致的同义词、近义词等，或指示代词，这类多次重复出现的高频词语可以帮助选出正确答案； 如果小标题下具体内容挖空，则位置不定，首中尾都有可能，并可能出现单个小标题段落中包含多个选项的情况，不仅需要学生联系上下文，也需要学生具备一定的句子分析能力； 例1： 1. The basic function of money. Being explaining the basic function of money … 2. Money lessons. Approach money lessons with openness… 3. 74 Begin at the grocery store. Pick out similar brands of a product-a name brand butter and a generic(无商标产品), for example. You can show your child how to make choices between different brands of a product so that you can save money. A. Wise decisions. B. The value of money. 5. 如果空格后有转折词也需要注意，比如说有but, however这种，意味着前面的空格所填的内容与后面形成相反的情况。 例题：Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. ____40____You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal. A. This can affect your work. B. So how should you motivate yourself? C. However, this should not discourage you. D. So why should we try to set specific goals? 6.句子的逻辑关系，需要找连接词； 也需要注意固定搭配，比如：“some……while others……”、“on one hand……on the other hand……”、for one thing,....... for the other thing,.........等，这类搭配很多，需要在学习中多积累。 注意： for one thing...for another...,some...other(s)...,first...second...等这些组合既可能出现在同一段落中，也可能分别出现在相邻两段的句首。 例题：Most people know how to manage, express, and cope with emotions in a healthy way. _____16_____ In fact, knowing how to regulate emotions is important for everyone. But what is emotion regulation, and how can you improve your emotion regulation skills? D. Emotion regulation goals vary strongly from situation to situation. E. For some people, though, emotion regulation is much more difficult. F. Emotion regulation refers to the ability to control one's own emotions. G. Sometimes you may regulate your emotions to achieve another end goal. These days its more important than ever to teach children to cough or sneeze into a tissue or their elbow. It's not just a matter of hygiene（卫生）—no one enjoys getting sprayed. 40 Don't forget to teach them to say "excuse me"after. D.Crying,laughing, or just talking,children can be very loud. E.Lacking basic manners will affect kids in all areas of their lives. F.It is also a way to help others feel safe and comfortable around you. G.Eventually it's about teaching them not to treat others as their servants. 7. 作者或说话人在谈论某个话题或主题时，与主题相关的词语必定会以原词、同义词或近义词等形式在上下文中重复出现，这种现象叫词语复现。 同一个词的重复出现叫原词复现；以同义词的形式重复出现，叫同义复现；以近义词或近义表达(意思相近，表达方式不同)的形式重复出现，叫近义复现；以词义相同而词性不同的形式重复出现，叫同根复现。还有上义词与下义词的复现 (adult是teacher,parent的上义词，而teacher, parent就是adult的下义词)。 值得注意的是，有的题利用词语复现解题十分管用，但这并不意味着凡与上句或下句有复现词的选项就一定是正确选项，只是正确的可能性更大，在解题过程中需重点考虑或优选考虑而已。是否为正确答案，还得将含复现词的选项代入原文，看该选项与上下文是否真的衔接，只有上下衔接紧密的才是正确选项。 例题：38 Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well-being. A. Learn to really trust yourself. B. It is putting confidence in someone. C. Stop regarding yourself as the victim. 教材习题 In my writing, I adhere (遵守) to some essential rules: understanding the message I want to convey and to whom I am communicating, and presenting it in a clear and concise (简洁) manner. When my target audience is my professors, or when my writing is expected to be read by my students, I adopt a different style. ____16____ A clear message is necessary to avoid boring readers or losing your audience. ____17____ It matters in all forms of communication. Skilled speakers and performers interact with their audience and deliver their message effectively. In contrast, ineffective communication can result in a lost message. Effective communication is arguably the most crucial skill you can learn in life. ____18____ For example: imagine being a scientist who has made a groundbreaking discovery. If you cannot explain your work to others using words, how difficult would it be to mime (比划着表达) your findings? Unfortunately, communication skills are often overlooked in education. On this account, many people have experienced ineffective communication at some point in their lives, both as the speaker and the recipient. ____19____ Universities in China are taking steps to improve communication skills. By prioritizing communication skills, we can help students become better communicators. In conclusion, effective communication is vital in all areas of life, including writing, speaking, and performing. ____20____ With it we will be more likely to succeed in all aspects of life. A. Readers can easily get bored. B. Understanding the audience is crucial. C. However, there is good news on the horizon. D. Effective communication is not limited to writing. E. It is fundamental to success in many aspects of life. F. Great ideas are only limited by our ability to express them. G. It is a skill that can be learned and developed through practice. 解题方法 【16题详解】 根据上文“When my target audience is my professors, or when my writing is expected to be read by my students, I adopt a different style.)”以及后文“A clear message is necessary to avoid boring readers or losing your audience.”可知，上文列举了不同的听众，采取的风格不同，说明要了解听众。故B选项“了解听众是至关重要的”符合语境，故选B。 【17题详解】 根据后文“It matters in all forms of communication. Skilled speakers and performers interact with their audience and deliver their message effectively. In contrast, ineffective communication can result in a lost message.”可知，后文提到了无效沟通，说明本句是在说明有积极作用的有效沟通。D选项Effective communication与后文ineffective communication相对应。故D选项“有效的沟通并不局限于写作”符合语境，故选D。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Effective communication is arguably the most crucial skill you can learn in life.”以及后文“For example: imagine being a scientist who has made a groundbreaking discovery. If you cannot explain your work to others using words, how difficult would it be to mime (比划着表达) your findings?”可知，本句主要论述了有效沟通在生活中的重要性，E选项中It指代Effective communication。故E选项“在生活的许多方面，它都是成功的基础”符合语境，故选E。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Unfortunately, communication skills are often overlooked in education. On this account, many people have experienced ineffective communication at some point in their lives, both as the speaker and the recipient.”以及后文“Universities in China are taking steps to improve communication skills. By prioritizing communication skills, we can help students become better communicators.”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出沟通技巧也可以得到提高的好消息。故C选项“然而，也有好消息”符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文“In conclusion, effective communication is vital in all areas of life, including writing, speaking, and performing.”以及后文“With it we will be more likely to succeed in all aspects of life.”可知，本句继续说明有效沟通技能如何培养，后文则说明了其作用。故G选项“这是一种可以通过实践学习和发展的技能”符合语境，故选G。 【答案】 考点一 段首题 ____19____ When it comes to aims, think both big and small. Small things like going to a social club or gym a few times a week or walking around the neighborhood can have wonderful outcomes for well-being. A. Prevention beats cure B. Try to stay physically active. C. Create attainable health goals. D. Events do not happen as one wishes. E. However, there are ways to age gracefully. F. It’s a good idea to visit your doctor yearly at least G. The emergency room is not the place to discuss things. 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ____39____Therefore, it is not a place for the faint-hearted or the gentle. To many, they are fun and thrilling places to explore. You can even be addicted to discoveries of the antique kind which can be found in some night markets. A. Your curiosity will be satisfied here. B. There is so much to see, buy and eat. C. People would complain about the noises here. D. Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market. E. It would be a regret not to try on mouth-watering local dishes. F. New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends and market demand. G. Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here too. 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ___37___ During that time, people all over the world spent little money, because they were forced to stay home. Fuel prices dropped because people weren’t really going anywhere. But now that everything is getting back to normal in many countries, people want to go out and meet friends, get their hair properly cut and generally spend money again. So the demand for goods and services is rising rapidly. A. The Covid-19 pandemic is the main cause. B. Therefore, we should prepare for “the worst”. C. So we can hope ”the worst" can be prevented. D. In the case of money, inflation means the price of things is rising. E. There is also a shortage of materials like plastic, concrete and steel. F. All of this hits the poor the hardest, and leads to fewer goods being bought. G. The war in Ukraine has affected the supply of gas to Europe, as this mostly comes from Russia. Analyze Each and Every Choice ___18___ Practicing integrity means making the right decision no matter what. Some seemingly right decisions that we make in life could be disastrous for some. Honesty and integrity aren’t something that you must practice when it is convenient for you. You must always be like that whatever the circumstances are. Apply Your Ethics In The World ___19___ We learn so many great things in childhood, some of which are habits that we follow for our whole life. Practicing integrity is just like that, you would just be practicing your everyday life but with more analysis. Having integrity also means more than being consistent. ___20___ We must not always do what comes naturally to us because it is our nature to shy away from difficulties. We must find the courage within ourselves to face all the difficulties in life, only then will we become successful. A. Sometimes we have to face the unavoidable. B. Always remember that your choices define you ultimately. C. Sometimes we need to decide what we want to achieve in life. D. There are circumstances when right and wrong are very apparent. E. To have integrity, you must clearly know what is right and wrong. F. Always find ways to apply your ethics and morals in everyday life. G. No matter what happens, you will never go against your core values. 考点二 段中题 What is the meaning of integrity? Integrity means living your life according to your own morals and ethics (道德标准). ___16___ Alongside that, you must also know what the purpose of your life is, and what you intend to do with your life. Having integrity also means more than being consistent. ___20___ We must not always do what comes naturally to us because it is our nature to shy away from difficulties. We must find the courage within ourselves to face all the difficulties in life, only then will we become successful. A. Sometimes we have to face the unavoidable. B. Always remember that your choices define you ultimately. C. Sometimes we need to decide what we want to achieve in life. D. There are circumstances when right and wrong are very apparent. E. To have integrity, you must clearly know what is right and wrong. F. Always find ways to apply your ethics and morals in everyday life. G. No matter what happens, you will never go against your core values. Probably you already love to walk, but you’re getting bored of tracing the same old route day after day, or maybe you’re new to walking and aren’t sure how to get started.___17___ Ask yourself, what do you want to get out of walking aside from the health benefits? Do you want to meet other people? See new places? Get out into the countryside or explore a new city? Knowing your goals will help you decide on the type of walk you want to do. Call up your friends and schedule walks with them if socializing is your aim. ___18___ Many malls have groups that come every day, or every weekend, to “walk the mall”. These groups are always happy to include one more walker! From the benefits to your heart to your overall happiness, walking is just plain good for you. ___20___ It’s a fantastic way to get to know a place by the power of your own two feet. A. This month, pick up a map and start walking. B. Ask your friends where they like to walk and just go there. C. You may as well consider heading to a new city for a change. D. Either way, it’s time to accept the idea of walking with a purpose. E. Recently, science has proved that walking is good for your body shape. F. And best of all, it’s a great way to see new things and meet new people! G. If you’re after walking alone, ask about local hikes that get you away from the crowd. This year, everything is getting more expensive. This is called inflation. The word inflation comes from inflate, which means “to grow big”. For instance, we inflate balloons. ___36___ When everyone suddenly wants the same thing, it becomes scarce and the price goes up because people will pay more to get it. In fact, inflation has been described as “too much money chasing too few goods”. A. The Covid-19 pandemic is the main cause. B. Therefore, we should prepare for “the worst”. C. So we can hope ”the worst" can be prevented. D. In the case of money, inflation means the price of things is rising. E. There is also a shortage of materials like plastic, concrete and steel. F. All of this hits the poor the hardest, and leads to fewer goods being bought. G. The war in Ukraine has affected the supply of gas to Europe, as this mostly comes from Russia. As we age, it is natural for our bodies to undergo certain changes that can affect our health and well-being. ____16____ Here are some tips for seniors to age with health in mind. Focus on social determinants of health. ____18____ Make sure you spend enough time and energy on the non-clinical things that impact health outcomes. This includes eating healthy food, exercise, meditation (冥想), social interaction, and doing the things that bring you joy. You may be surprised to know the social and economic factors that impact health account for up to 75 percent of health outcomes. Cultivate a strong relationship with your PCP. Having a strong and stable relationship with your primary care physician is important. ____20____ You need to find out conditions you may not be aware of. This can include diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. A. Prevention beats cure B. Try to stay physically active. C. Create attainable health goals. D. Events do not happen as one wishes. E. However, there are ways to age gracefully. F. It’s a good idea to visit your doctor yearly at least G. The emergency room is not the place to discuss things. People refer to never forgetting how to ride a bike or throw a baseball as examples of “muscle memory”, the result of a motor learning. _____16_____ It is a phenomenon that previously trained muscles acquire strength after a period of disuse. Previous research has shown that the changes actually persist in the muscles themselves. In one study of mice, the results suggest that after nuclei in muscle cells multiply in response to an overload of training, those extra nuclei aren’t lost during subsequent periods of inactivity. They are retained (保留), essentially waiting to be reactivated. If you fell off the fitness wagon (马车) during the pandemic, don’t be frustrated. Once you have got additional nuclei, you are banking the capacity. _____17_____ In fact, a recent study revealed that less than eight weeks of retraining were needed to regain your former fitness. It depends on how fit you were initially, how long the layoff was, how old you are and how long you’d been exercising. Ultimately, muscle memory is a payoff for all the past work you put into learning a sport. _____20_____ You will never know how much muscle memory you may have until you start training again. A. The best way to tap into it is to “get back on the horse”. B. Physiologists, on the other hand, define it in a different way. C. This convinces the researchers that muscle memory may not be long lasting. D. That is to say, we can do the sports automatically without conscious thought. E. It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two. F. It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have. G. All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme. 考点三 段尾题 _____18_____ It means you still have a distinct advantage when it comes to regaining your former level of fitness. And the principle applies to both resistance training and endurance training. The best way to regain your muscle memory is to start at a level below what you were accustomed to doing, and then gradually increase in terms of duration, frequency, then intensity. _____19_____ A. The best way to tap into it is to “get back on the horse”. B. Physiologists, on the other hand, define it in a different way. C. This convinces the researchers that muscle memory may not be long lasting. D. That is to say, we can do the sports automatically without conscious thought. E. It is generally safe to increase these elements by 5 percent every week or two. F. It is evident that the more you exercise, the more muscle memory savings you will have. G. All this news about muscle memory is encouraging for those who fell off the fitness scheme. There are endless ways to do that. The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. ____20____. A. These are all great choices B. Think about what you like to do C. You can identify your purpose and work out how to get there D. Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose E. Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better F. The sooner you complete the training requirements, the sooner you will make a living G. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people Extreme weather events all over the world have made things much worse. For example, droughts in China and California threatened hydropower, while heavy rainfall and flooding in South and Southeast Asia disrupted coal mining in countries like India and China. The cost of coffee increased when Brazil—the world’s largest producer—had a poor harvest after severe drought. ___39___ The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has warned that 2023 could be the “darkest hour” for the global economy: “The three largest economies — the United States, China and the Euro area—will continue to stall. The worst is yet to come.” But, to end on a hopeful note, experts say that manufacturing and tourism are gradually rebounding in Malaysia, Thailand and the Pacific island countries. ___40___ A. The Covid-19 pandemic is the main cause. B. Therefore, we should prepare for “the worst”. C. So we can hope ”the worst" can be prevented. D. In the case of money, inflation means the price of things is rising. E. There is also a shortage of materials like plastic, concrete and steel. F. All of this hits the poor the hardest, and leads to fewer goods being bought. G. The war in Ukraine has affected the supply of gas to Europe, as this mostly comes from Russia. The night markets are typically from 5 p.m. till 10:30 p.m. You can get anything from night markets, be it groceries, clothing, good local food, hot snacks, household items, fresh produce, and even the latest styles. By around 6 p.m., the market is in full swing as the first groups of people sweep in. For those who cook, there is stall upon stall selling fresh seafood, meat products, and a limitless variety of vegetables.____37____. Some places are 24-hour markets, which are livelier at night when traders set up numerous stalls selling unusual local food, exotic tropical (热带的) fruits, cheap clothes, second-hand goods as well as fresh produce. The night market is truly an exciting experience and a feast for the eyes on a tropical night out. The atmosphere is almost festive.____40____. A. Your curiosity will be satisfied here. B. There is so much to see, buy and eat. C. People would complain about the noises here. D. Noisy crowds are the hallmark of the night market. E. It would be a regret not to try on mouth-watering local dishes. F. New items are constantly being added on in line with current trends and market demand. G. Dried and preserved items such as dried beef and salted eggs are easily available here too. 考点四 小标题题 ● Slow down Racing around is not necessarily the only way to get what you want. ___18___. Most adults do not feel happy when they’re rushing, and children are even less capable of doing it with a good attitude. Instead of sweating through your routine, turn on some background music you like and move at a normal pace. ●___19___ The ability to let your mind wander, whether daydreaming or actively applying your imagination, is a skill that improves patience.___20___. Take a break and do something that could free your brain from the work that takes tons of energy. This helps you build up your staying power, so next time you might be more patient and more likely to focus on your task. A. Learn to distract yourself B. Add some positive words if possible C. Therefore, we are getting more and more impatient Working out can make the bones stronger. Exercise also strengthens bones, which becomes more important the older a person gets. Bones go through a natural process of breaking down the rebuilding. ____38____ Physical activity produces that stimulation and, therefore, helps decrease the likelihood of conditions such as osteoporosis (骨质疏松). ____39____ Many people are concerned with looking older. Slowing and reversing the effects of aging are benefits of physical exercise. Cellulite (皮下脂肪团), for example, can make a young woman appear older than she is. ____40____ Wrinkles are another sign of aging that can be reduced by exercise since physical activity tends to improve the condition of skin. A. Many people want to change or improve their bodies. B. Taking regular exercise can reduce the effects of aging. C. As people grow older, however, the rebuilding process slows unless it is stimulated. D. Training also reduces the negative physical effects which a person feels when he ages. E. Exercise has the ability to help a person change his body shape, and make him stronger. F. The appearance of cellulite can be diminished with basic exercises such as walking or jogging. G. These include strengthening the bones, strengthening the muscles, and reducing the effects of aging. Applying the correct time management skills and tips can help you get more organized and increase productivity. The more of these tools you learn to use, the more that you will get done each day. ____16____ First, get your work list ready for the following day the evening or night before. The best exercise is for you to plan your entire next day as the last thing you do before coming home from work. When you plan your day the night before, your subconscious then goes to work on your plans and goals while you are asleep. Very often you will wake up in the morning with ideas and insights that apply to the work of the day. ____17____ A major reason for insomnia is your lying awake trying not to forget to remember everything that you have to do the following day. Schedule your time. ____18____ The very act of using your organizational skills to plan your day, week, and month, gives you a greater feeling of control and will help increase productivity throughout your day. You’ll feel in charge of your life. Mastering your time organization actually increases your self-esteem and improves your sense of personal power. Start early. To increase productivity, start your day early. ____19____ In the biographies and autobiographies of successful men and women, almost all of them have one thing in common. They developed great organizational skills and the habit of going to bed at a reasonable hour and rising early. Many successful people arise at 5:00 A.M. or 5:30 A.M. ____20____ As a result, they are always more effective than those who sleep in until the last possible moment. A. Prepare in advance. B. It reduces stress and releases energy. C. Increase productivity with prime time. D. Then they can have enough time to think and plan for the coming day. E. Your most important work requires that you be at your best, and creative. F. A major benefit of doing so is that this exercise lets you sleep more soundly. G. The more time you take to think and plan, the better organized you will be in your life. How to Make Your Holiday Wonderful Don’t want to spend a holiday alone feeling blue? ___36___ 1. Don’t Force Cheer At family gatherings, when your relatives make some untruthful compliments (赞美), you will probably try to force a smile. ___37___ But a 2011 study by researchers at Michigan State University might make you think twice. They followed dozens of bus drivers for two weeks, looking to see when they force a happy face at their passengers. The results showed that on days when the drivers tried to pretend to have a good mood, their actual moods got worse. 2. Don’t Suppress (压制) Sadness The results of the bus-driver study can be explained by researchers from Stanford University, who found that negative feelings like sadness or anger only worsen when we try to suppress them. ___38___ Expressing our sadness can help us get comfort and compassion from those who care about us. By contrast, suppressing our emotions can actually harm our relationships. 3. Respond Mindfully ___39___ When you respond mindfully to an emotional trigger (诱因), you pause rather than reacting. Instead of blaming yourself, you simply notice what you’re feeling without judging that response as right or wrong. Studies suggest that a mindful response to a negative event reduces the amount of negative emotions we experience. ___40___ Inevitably, the holidays will bring a mix of highs and lows. Perhaps the most important lesson to keep in mind is that this variety of emotions might be the best thing possible for your overall well-being. A. A smile might seem like the most mature response. B. And mindfulness is a skill you can develop over time. C. So trying to hide their feelings seems to lead to an opposite result. D. Psychological research suggests some effective ways to help beat the holiday blues. E. Instead, if properly understood, they can help contribute to a healthy and happy life. F. Recently, scientists have been paying special attention to the benefits of mindfulness. G. That’s because we feel worse when we try to control and hide our negative inner feelings. ( 10 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$