精品解析：北京市通州区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷

通州区2023—2024学年第二学期高二年级期中质量检测 英语试卷 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some ___1___ station. The heart-stopping moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the contents of that little wallet? The credit cards, the driver’s license, the cash, all lost to the bus. Two hours later, back at my house, I heard a knock on the door. My husband ___2___ it while I was on the phone in the dining room. “Does Jennifer live here?” I heard a lady say. In my husband’s hand was my wallet, without a penny missing. The lady left before I could ___3___ make it to the door to offer my thanks. After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who identified the lady as Erin Smith. Without ___4___, I called to thank her. She said she ___5___ my wallet on a bus seat. She calculated that going to a stranger’s house was a ___6___ move, but she decided to take the chance. “If I were in that situation, I would want someone to try to find me.” she said. This one stranger responded beautifully to my small ___7___ but she actually wasn’t the only one. Right after Erin took possession of my wallet on the bus, she posted a picture of my driver’s license to an online forum (论坛), trying to see if anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son’s nursery and who recognized my face. I’ve never ___8___ words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help. ___9___, I feel blessed someone wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone beyond what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely _____10_____. 1. A. famous B. unknown C. familiar D. convenient 2. A. ignored B. interrupted C. examined D. answered 3. A. still B. ever C. yet D. even 4. A. delay B. question C. regret D. invitation 5. A. threw B. placed C. opened D. spotted 6. A. selfless B. risky C. delightful D. personal 7. A. crisis B. danger C. encounter D. failure 8. A. exchanged B. recalled C. whispered D. repeat 9. A. Going away B. Turning around C. Looking back D. Coming along 10. A. longing B. grateful C. concerned D. enthusiastic 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Most people believe when they live comfortably and earn enough money, they will have worries. However, most people never feel they ____11____ (earn) enough. Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free. Are there any things he misses from his past? “No, I’m much happier now, ____12____ I am living according to my values. Success ____13____ (measure) not by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.” B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Chinese New Year Painting is a special Chinese art form. Usually it is put on walls, doors or windows. As Spring Festival ____14____ (arrive), many families put up New Year Paintings as a wish to have good luck and ____15____ (happy). There are different subjects in New Year Paintings, such as babies, flowers and birds. The earliest New Year Painting appeared in the Tang Dynasty and was attached to the door ____16____ (keep) the family safe. Today New Year Paintings are still popular in some rural areas of China. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Xu Beihong (1895-1953) was important in modern Chinese folk art. During his lifetime, he developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting. Between 1933 and 1940, he ____17____ (hold) several exhibitions in Asia and Europe to promote Chinese art. Across this painting ____18____ (name) Racing Horse, we can see a horse running at a high speed ____19____ a missile (导弹) across the sky. On the left and right side of the painting, Xu clearly drew in black ink to show the ____20____ (move) hair on the horse’s mane (鬃毛) and tail. The painting of dark and light colors is a favorite of many art lovers. 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The summer vacation is drawing near. Here we have prepared a visual feast for our boys and girls. Let’s feast our eyes first. Jurassic World Dominion It is the final film in the second trilogy of dino-movies, and it’s the first one which really deserves to be called “Jurassic World” rather than “Jurassic Park”. Yes, prehistoric dinosaurs are out and about in the wild this time, rather than being stuck in a theme park. Director: Colin Trevorrow Official Competition Cruz and Banderas have been two of Spanish cinema’s famous superstars for decades, and yet have only rarely acted on the screen together. Now, once again, that wrong has been righted by Official Competition. Cruz is an art-house director who is adapting a Nobel-Prize-winning novel in the film. Banderas plays a dull Hollywood action hero who is hired to star in it. Director: Mariano Cohn & Gaston Duprat Brian and Charles Not a typical science-fiction movie, Brian and Charles is a low-budget, low-key British comedy starring and co-written by David Earl, a regular in Ricky Gervais’s sitcoms. “Brian and Charles is this year’s sweetest film by a country mile,” says Cory. “It’s like Edgar Wright’s The Mighty Boosh project thrown into a cotton-candy machine, and it is also one of the most surprising films about being a parent, even when your son is a 7-feet-tall robot who loves cabbages.” Director: Jim Archer Lightyear After four Toy Story films, everyone’s favourite space ranger action figure, Buzz Lightyear, gets to leave Woody and friends behind, and go off on an adventure on his own. Or so you might assume so. In fact, the latest Pixar cartoon isn’t about the toy. Director: Angus MacLane 21. Which of the following is right about Jurassic World Dominion? A. It is the same with other ones about “Jurassic Park”. B. Dinosaurs in the film live in the nature. C. Dinosaurs are in danger in the film. D. It is the last film of the series films. 22. In the film Official Competition, what does Cruz do? A. A famous superstar. B. An action hero. C. A director. D. A novelist. 23. Which film is a cartoon? A. Jurassic World Dominion. B. Official Competition. C. Brian and Charles. D. Lightyear. B Will you go on this ride with me? ”my friend’s eleven-year-old daughter Jenny asked. She stared at the ride, eager to experience the same excitement as the brave group of riders in front of us. I couldn’t say no. After climbing into our seats, an attendant reached up, pulled down the bar, and locked it in place. The ride lifted us slowly, then turned us over like the blueberry pancakes I had eaten three hours earlier, and hoped to keep in their proper place. As I stared at the concrete directly below us, I had a sudden feeling of great fear. I wondered if I had replacement coverage (保险) for the phone that I was sure would slip out of my pocket and break into a million tiny pieces. I wondered when my new health insurance would kick in. The ride touched down after twisting and turning our bodies. My friend was waiting for us at the exit. “How was it?” she asked. “Fine. No big deal,” I said, even though my head was spinning (旋转) like one of the other annoying machines dotting the midway. Jenny walked ahead of us and convinced me to keep taking chances and sample more rides “Oh, look at the pirate ship (海盗船)!” she said. “That looks like a calm ride.” “Let’s go, Auntie!” she said as she rushed to join others in line. I followed her, feeling confident the ride would be uneventful. When I reached the bottom, I tapped out like a WWF wrestler admitting defeat. Although my body was shaking and my head was still spinning, I felt exhilarated just like I was on the top of the world. That morning, I set a goal, took my first step to reach it, and felt the joy of achievement. Each time you try something for the first time, you will grow — a little piece of the fear of the unknown is removed and replaced with a sense of satisfaction. 24. What made the author decide to try riding with Jenny? A. The eagerness in Jenny’s eyes. B. The curiosity about the unknown. C. The encouragement from other riders. D. The desire to experience something exciting. 25. What happened to the author when she was in the high sky? A. She lost her phone. B. She got into a panic. C. She was served pancakes. D. She almost fell off the seat. 26. How did the author feel after reaching the bottom from the ride? A. Relaxed. B. Confused. C. Excited. D. Disappointed. 27. What message does the story convey? A. He who hesitates is lost. B. It’s never too late to learn. C. Life is like riding a pirate ship. D. It’s worthwhile to try something new. C Studying a subject that you feel pointless is never a fun or easy task. If you’re studying history, asking yourself the question “why is history important” is a very good first step. History is an essential part of human civilization. You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history. History grounds us in our roots. History is an important and interesting field of study, and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper, more meaningful glimpse (一瞥) into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where we are today. Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution (演变) of your culture can provide. History enriches our experience. Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living a long time ago. According to the experts, problems faced by people regardless of the past and present are the same. With the information about the ancestors, one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life. History makes us more empathetic (具有共情能力的). Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures. Fear and hate for others is usually caused by ignorance (无知). We’re scared of the things that we don’t understand. History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us. History can inspire us to learn more. What’s fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons. It’s almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questions about related concepts. Study the 19re century England, and you might catch a glimpse of Charles Dickens’ Oliver Twist. Look up Charles Dickens, and you might learn a thing or two about realism. Or maybe you end up switching your attention away from novels, and discover the history of romantic poets in England. It can go anywhere, and there is something in there for absolutely anybody. The value of history cannot be underestimated. We don’t have to live in the past, but we can definitely do better by learning from it and using the lessons learnt to lead more meaningful lives. 28. People can get a sense of cultural belonging by studying history and _______. A. thinking about the meaning of it B. accepting the development of culture C. analyzing how they get to the present state D. reflecting on their social and economic life 29. What can be concluded from Paragraph 4? A. It is difficult to get rid of cultural barriers. B. People are willing to accept foreign cultures. C. Cultural conflicts in history are difficult to ignore. D. History helps us improve our cross-cultural awareness. 30. What could be the best title for the passage? A. How to Build Cultural Identity B. Why Studying History Matters C. Know the Past, Know the Present D. History: a Way to Broaden Horizons D According to a new Agriculture Department report, U. S. forests could exacerbate global warming because they are being destroyed by natural disasters and are losing their ability to absorb planet-warming gases as they get older. The report predicts that the ability of forests to absorb carbon will start declining after 2025 and that forests could release up to 100 million metric tons of carbon a year as their emissions (排放) from decaying (腐烂的) trees go beyond their carbon absorption. Forests could become a “substantial carbon source” by 2070, the USDA report says. The loss of carbon absorption is driven in part by natural disasters such as wildfires, tornadoes and hurricanes, which are increasing in frequency and strength as global temperatures rise. The disasters destroy forestland, destroying their ecosystem and decreasing their ability to absorb carbon, according to Lynn Riley, a senior manager of climate science at the American Forest Foundation. Aging forests also contribute. The report found that older, mature trees absorb less carbon than younger trees of the same species, and U. S. forests are rapidly aging. This trend is likely to continue, as forests come under increasing threat from climate change and exploitation (开采). The typical tropical (热带的) forest may become a carbon source by the 2060s, according to Simon Lewis, professor in the school of geography at Leeds University. “Humans have been lucky so far, as tropical forests are cleaning up lots of our pollution, but they can’t keep doing that indefinitely,” he said. “We need to cut down fossil fuel emissions before the global carbon cycle starts working against us.” U. S. forests currently absorb 11 percent of U. S. carbon emissions, or 150 million metric tons of carbon a year, equal to the combined emissions from 40 coal power plants, according to the report. The loss of forests as natural carbon absorbers will require the U. S. to cut emissions more rapidly to reach net zero. “As we work to decarbonize (碳减排), forests are one of the greatest tools at our handling. If we were to lose that, it means we will contribute that much more in emissions.” Riley said. 31. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Relieve. B. Worsen. C. Address. D. Measure. 32. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The key role of forests in the ecosystem. B. The consequences of frequent natural disasters. C. The impact of rising global temperatures on forests. D. The reasons for forests’ declining ability to absorb carbon. 33. What does Simon Lew is suggest? A. Reducing fossil fuel emissions. B. Dealing with decaying trees in time. C. Planting younger trees on a large scale. D. Limiting the exploitation of forest resources. 34. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To stress the significance of forests. B. To offer suggestions on forest management. C. To present the efforts the U. S. has made to reach net zero. D. To show the increasing carbon emissions from coal power plants. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共 10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A healthy lifestyle is one that is full of healthy choices and behavior. It helps you keep physical and mental health and helps you live longer. Generally speaking, the factors that contribute to a healthy lifestyle may include physical activity, a healthy diet, low stress and healthy habits. _____35_____ ___36___It helps to reduce your risk of diseases, such as cancer, and diabetes, and helps you control your weight. In children, physical activity also builds confidence. As part of a healthy lifestyle, adults should take part in moderate(适度的)to intense aerobic exercises and muscle-strengthening activities regularly. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends at least 150 minutes of aerobic activity per week, such as walking, bicycling, playing tennis. swimming or aerobics. Eating a healthy diet can help you prevent disease and keep a healthy weight. This means eating a range of whole foods from the different food groups. Overall, a healthy diet is high in plant-based foods and low in sugary and high fat foods. Meat can be part of a healthy diet if it is eaten in moderation._____37_____ Although stress is a natural human reaction designed to keep you out of danger, there are negative health consequences to dealing with long term stress.___38___ In order to manage your stress, you need to learn what causes it and how you can deal with it. Ways to deal with unavoidable stress include exercise and talking to family or friends. A healthy lifestyle includes healthy habits. This means protecting your skin from the sun, getting regular health check-ups and avoiding substance abuse. Smoking and tobacco use are unhealthy because they increase your risk of diseases such as cancer and heart disease. ____39____. It can damage your liver, cause cancer and hurt loved ones. A. Your lifestyle should support a healthy weight, so remain active daily. B. These factors help reduce the risk of diseases and increase your quality of life. C. For a longer and better life, put together your plan for a healthy lifestyle. D. Eating a wide variety of healthy food will help cover your nutritional(营养的) needs. E. Physical activity is a key part of becoming and staying healthy. F. Drinking too much alcohol is also an unhealthy habit. G. Preventing and managing stress is important if you want to live a healthy lifestyle. 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。 AI art, aka (又名) computation art or generative art, refers to the creation of any artwork through the use of artificial intelligence programs. This can include art forms like music, photography and video, but in this article we’ll focus on 2D and 3D illustrative art. AI art should not be confused with digital art, which refers to artworks created using any type of digital software. Typically, with digital art, the creator has to employ some level of artistic skill and technique, and understand how to use tools such as Adobe Illustrator. With AI art, in contrast, you typically only have to type in a text prompt (提示词). A finished artwork is then created by generative AI algorithms without any further input needed. AI art is controversial (有争议的) within the art and design professions for two main reasons. Firstly, and most obviously, allowing people to generate art through software means they’re less likely to pay someone to create it by hand. And that’s inevitably (不可避免的) going to lead to job losses and the loss of freelance work to professional artists. The second reason is that AI art generators are trained on art made by humans. Yet in most cases, these artists have not been paid for this sampling of their work. And by copying their style, which they may have taken decades of hard work to develop, AI art generators are arguably carrying out the biggest copyright theft in history. It all reminds us of the story of how an aging Pablo Picasso was one day sketching (素描) in a park. A woman approached him and asked him to sketch her. The famous artist took one look at her, and dashed off an abstract likeness in seconds. She loved it, and asked how much she should pay. “5,000 francs,” he replied. “Why so expensive?” she cried in shock. “It took you less than a minute!” He replied: “No, Madame, it took me a lifetime.” The artist community is now in a similar position, on a massive scale. AI art generators are taking out the equivalent of 5,000 francs of value multiple times a second, and yet artists aren’t getting a penny. A number of court cases are testing out this argument in court. 40. What is AI art? ___________________________________________________________ 41. With digital art, what does the creator have to do? ___________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he is a very great artist ___________________________________________________________ 43. Are you a supporter of AI art? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44. 假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华。你校将于下周五举办一场有关急救知识的培训。请你以学生会的名义写一则英语通知。内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.时间、地点及内容； 3.希望与呼吁。 注意：1. 词数 100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 NOTICE ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union April 26th, 2024 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 通州区2023—2024学年第二学期高二年级期中质量检测 英语试卷 本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，请将答题卡交回。 第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me. My wallet was gone. I could only have left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark to some ___1___ station. The heart-stopping moment was quickly followed by mental math. How much time and money would it cost to replace the contents of that little wallet? The credit cards, the driver’s license, the cash, all lost to the bus. Two hours later, back at my house, I heard a knock on the door. My husband ___2___ it while I was on the phone in the dining room. “Does Jennifer live here?” I heard a lady say. In my husband’s hand was my wallet, without a penny missing. The lady left before I could ___3___ make it to the door to offer my thanks. After sharing the story online, I heard from someone, who identified the lady as Erin Smith. Without ___4___, I called to thank her. She said she ___5___ my wallet on a bus seat. She calculated that going to a stranger’s house was a ___6___ move, but she decided to take the chance. “If I were in that situation, I would want someone to try to find me.” she said. This one stranger responded beautifully to my small ___7___ but she actually wasn’t the only one. Right after Erin took possession of my wallet on the bus, she posted a picture of my driver’s license to an online forum (论坛), trying to see if anyone knew me. No sooner did she leave my doorstep than I had emails from two women whose kids go to my son’s nursery and who recognized my face. I’ve never ___8___ words with those moms beyond small talk, but they wanted to help. ___9___, I feel blessed someone wanted to help a stranger. Erin had gone beyond what almost anyone would have done, finding my house on a bitterly cold night, and for that I was extremely _____10_____. 1. A. famous B. unknown C. familiar D. convenient 2. A. ignored B. interrupted C. examined D. answered 3. A. still B. ever C. yet D. even 4. A. delay B. question C. regret D. invitation 5. A. threw B. placed C. opened D. spotted 6. A. selfless B. risky C. delightful D. personal 7. A. crisis B. danger C. encounter D. failure 8. A. exchanged B. recalled C. whispered D. repeat 9. A. Going away B. Turning around C. Looking back D. Coming along 10. A. longing B. grateful C. concerned D. enthusiastic 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. C 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是记叙文。作者在乘坐公交车时不小心丢失了钱包，没想到一位女士亲自上门将捡到的钱包还给了她，与此同时，其他认识但不熟悉的朋友在得知这个事情后也试图帮助她，作者不禁有着深深的感激之情。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只可能把它落在G9公共汽车上了，车子正在黑暗中加速驶向某个未知的车站。A. famous著名的；B. unknown未知的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. convenient方便的。根据前文“I could only have left it on the G9 bus, which was now speeding in the dark”可知，作者把钱包落在公交车上了，而公交车现在还在行驶中，作者不知道车子下一站会在哪里停，所以是未知的车站。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我在餐厅打电话时，我丈夫开了门。A. ignored忽视；B. interrupted打断、打扰；C. examined检查；D. answered应答。根据上一句“I heard a knock on the door”可知有人敲门，而本句的“it”指“door”，所以这里是丈夫去开门。answer the door去开门。故选D。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至还没来得及走到门口道谢，这位女士就离开了。A. still仍然；B. ever曾经；C. yet还、仍然；D. even甚至。根据上一句“with not a penny missing”可知，钱包里的钱分文未少，而作者还没来得及道谢她就走了，这里应该是一种递进关系，进一步表现了这位女士做好事不图名利，用even（甚至）符合语境。故选D。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻打电话向她道谢。A. delay延迟；B. question问题；C. regret遗憾、后悔；D. invitation邀请。根据前文“She left before I could even make it to the door to offer my thanks.”可看出作者未能道谢，心中是有遗憾的，所以在知道了这位女士是谁后，立即就打电话致谢。without delay“立即、毫不耽搁”。故选A。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说她在一辆公交车的椅子上发现了我的钱包。A. threw扔；B. placed放置；C. opened打开；D. spotted发现。根据前文“I could only have left it on the G9 bus,”可知，作者应该是把钱包落在了公交车上，所以这名女士应该是在公交车上发现了钱包后上门来交给了她。故选D。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她盘算着去一个陌生人的家里是一个冒险的举动，但她决定冒险一试。A. selfless无私的；B. risky冒险的；C. delightful令人愉快的；D. personal个人的。根据句中“take the chance”（冒险）可知，作者认为去一个陌生人的家中是有风险的。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个陌生人漂亮地处理了我的危机，但实际上，她并不是唯一一个（这样做的）。A. crisis危机；B. danger危险；C. encounter偶遇；D. failure失败。根据第二段“How much time and money would it cost to replace the contents of that little wallet? The credit cards, the driver’s license, the cash, all lost to the bus.”可知，丢了钱包会对作者造成很多困扰，引起许多不便，对她而言是一次小的危机。故选A。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了闲聊之外，我从来没有和她们说过话，但她们想帮忙。A. exchanged交流；B. recalled回忆起；C. whispered低语；D. repeated重复。根据后文“words with those moms beyond small talk”可知，作者从来没有跟那些人进行过深入交谈，此处为短语exchange words表示“交谈”。故选A。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：回首往事，我感到很幸运有人想要帮助一个陌生人。A. Going away离开；B. Turing around转身；C. Looking back回忆；D. Coming along出现。事情发生在过去，所以该处表示回忆过去，对于有人能够帮助陌生人，作者感到很幸运。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Erin做了几乎任何人都不会做的事，在一个寒冷的夜晚找到了我家，为此，我极其感激。A. longing渴望的；B. grateful感激的；C. concerned关心的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据第四段“I called to thank her. ”并结合本句句意可知，作者对Erin的善行是非常感激的。故选B。 第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Most people believe when they live comfortably and earn enough money, they will have worries. However, most people never feel they ____11____ (earn) enough. Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle, and he discovered that having only a little money made him free. Are there any things he misses from his past? “No, I’m much happier now, ____12____ I am living according to my values. Success ____13____ (measure) not by how much money you have but by how you understand the true meaning of life.” 【答案】11. have earned 12. because 13. is measured 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。大多数人相信，当他们生活舒适，赚到足够的钱，他们就不会有烦恼。然而，杰森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他认为衡量成功的标准不是你有多少钱，而是你如何理解生命的真正意义。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，大多数人从来没有觉得他们已经挣得足够多。earn是谓语动词，此处表示现在的结果，用现在完成时，主语是复数，故填have earned。 【12题详解】 考查连词。句意：不，我现在快乐多了，因为我按照自己的价值观生活。根据语境，前后句子是因果关系，故填because。 【13题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：衡量成功的标准不是你有多少钱，而是你如何理解生命的真正意义。此处在句中作谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语和动词measure是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动，主语是不可数名词，be动词应用is，故填is measured。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Chinese New Year Painting is a special Chinese art form. Usually it is put on walls, doors or windows. As Spring Festival ____14____ (arrive), many families put up New Year Paintings as a wish to have good luck and ____15____ (happy). There are different subjects in New Year Paintings, such as babies, flowers and birds. The earliest New Year Painting appeared in the Tang Dynasty and was attached to the door ____16____ (keep) the family safe. Today New Year Paintings are still popular in some rural areas of China. 【答案】14. arrives 15. happiness 16. to keep 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国年画及其相关信息。 【14题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着春节的到来，许多家庭挂上年画，希望有好运和幸福。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语是Spring Festival，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填arrives。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：随着春节的到来，许多家庭挂上年画，希望有好运和幸福。根据并列连词and前good luck可知，用名词形式作宾语。故填happiness。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：最早的年画出现在唐代，被贴在门上，以保证家人的安全。这里用不定式表示目的或意图，即为了保证家庭的安全。故填to keep。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。 Xu Beihong (1895-1953) was important in modern Chinese folk art. During his lifetime, he developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting. Between 1933 and 1940, he ____17____ (hold) several exhibitions in Asia and Europe to promote Chinese art. Across this painting ____18____ (name) Racing Horse, we can see a horse running at a high speed ____19____ a missile (导弹) across the sky. On the left and right side of the painting, Xu clearly drew in black ink to show the ____20____ (move) hair on the horse’s mane (鬃毛) and tail. The painting of dark and light colors is a favorite of many art lovers. 【答案】17. held 18. named 19. like 20. moving 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了徐悲鸿的作品《赛马》。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：1933年至1940年间，他在亚洲和欧洲举办了几次展览，以推广中国艺术。根据时间状语Between 1933 and 1940可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填held。 【18题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在这幅名为《赛马》的画作中，我们可以看到一匹像导弹一样高速奔跑的马。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词this painting与name之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填named。 【19题详解】 考查介词。句意：在这幅名为《赛马》的画作中，我们可以看到一匹像导弹一样高速奔跑的马。名词a missile前用介词形式，表示“像”，应用介词like。故填like。 【20题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在这幅画的左右两侧，徐用黑色墨水清晰地画出了马的鬃毛和尾巴上移动的毛发。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。名词hair与move之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，作定语，表示这些毛发在运动中的飘动状态。故填moving。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A The summer vacation is drawing near. Here we have prepared a visual feast for our boys and girls. Let’s feast our eyes first. Jurassic World Dominion It is the final film in the second trilogy of dino-movies, and it’s the first one which really deserves to be called “Jurassic World” rather than “Jurassic Park”. Yes, prehistoric dinosaurs are out and about in the wild this time, rather than being stuck in a theme park. Director: Colin Trevorrow Official Competition Cruz and Banderas have been two of Spanish cinema’s famous superstars for decades, and yet have only rarely acted on the screen together. Now, once again, that wrong has been righted by Official Competition. Cruz is an art-house director who is adapting a Nobel-Prize-winning novel in the film. Banderas plays a dull Hollywood action hero who is hired to star in it. Director: Mariano Cohn & Gaston Duprat Brian and Charles Not a typical science-fiction movie, Brian and Charles is a low-budget, low-key British comedy starring and co-written by David Earl, a regular in Ricky Gervais’s sitcoms. “Brian and Charles is this year’s sweetest film by a country mile,” says Cory. “It’s like Edgar Wright’s The Mighty Boosh project thrown into a cotton-candy machine, and it is also one of the most surprising films about being a parent, even when your son is a 7-feet-tall robot who loves cabbages.” Director: Jim Archer Lightyear After four Toy Story films, everyone’s favourite space ranger action figure, Buzz Lightyear, gets to leave Woody and friends behind, and go off on an adventure on his own. Or so you might assume so. In fact, the latest Pixar cartoon isn’t about the toy. Director: Angus MacLane 21. Which of the following is right about Jurassic World Dominion? A. It is the same with other ones about “Jurassic Park”. B. Dinosaurs in the film live in the nature. C. Dinosaurs are in danger in the film. D. It is the last film of the series films. 22. In the film Official Competition, what does Cruz do? A. A famous superstar. B. An action hero. C. A director. D. A novelist. 23. Which film is a cartoon? A. Jurassic World Dominion. B. Official Competition. C. Brian and Charles. D. Lightyear. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章推荐了四部值得观看的电影。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。由Jurassic World Dominion中“Yes, prehistoric dinosaurs are out and about in the wild this time, rather than being stuck in a theme park. (是的，史前恐龙这次是在野外活动，而不是被困在主题公园里)”可知，在电影Jurassic World Dominion中，恐龙生活在大自然中，B项正确。故选B项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。由Official Competition中“Cruz is an art-house director who is adapting a Nobel-Prize-winning novel in the film. (Cruz是一位艺术工作室的导演，他在电影中改编了一部诺贝尔奖获奖小说)”可知，Cruz在电影Official Competition中是一位导演。故选C项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。由Lightyear中“In fact, the latest Pixar cartoon isn’t about the toy. (事实上，皮克斯最新的动画片并不是关于玩具的)”可知，电影Lightyear是动画片。故选D项。 B Will you go on this ride with me? ”my friend’s eleven-year-old daughter Jenny asked. She stared at the ride, eager to experience the same excitement as the brave group of riders in front of us. I couldn’t say no. After climbing into our seats, an attendant reached up, pulled down the bar, and locked it in place. The ride lifted us slowly, then turned us over like the blueberry pancakes I had eaten three hours earlier, and hoped to keep in their proper place. As I stared at the concrete directly below us, I had a sudden feeling of great fear. I wondered if I had replacement coverage (保险) for the phone that I was sure would slip out of my pocket and break into a million tiny pieces. I wondered when my new health insurance would kick in. The ride touched down after twisting and turning our bodies. My friend was waiting for us at the exit. “How was it?” she asked. “Fine. No big deal,” I said, even though my head was spinning (旋转) like one of the other annoying machines dotting the midway. Jenny walked ahead of us and convinced me to keep taking chances and sample more rides “Oh, look at the pirate ship (海盗船)!” she said. “That looks like a calm ride.” “Let’s go, Auntie!” she said as she rushed to join others in line. I followed her, feeling confident the ride would be uneventful. When I reached the bottom, I tapped out like a WWF wrestler admitting defeat. Although my body was shaking and my head was still spinning, I felt exhilarated just like I was on the top of the world. That morning, I set a goal, took my first step to reach it, and felt the joy of achievement. Each time you try something for the first time, you will grow — a little piece of the fear of the unknown is removed and replaced with a sense of satisfaction. 24. What made the author decide to try riding with Jenny? A. The eagerness in Jenny’s eyes. B. The curiosity about the unknown. C. The encouragement from other riders. D. The desire to experience something exciting. 25. What happened to the author when she was in the high sky? A. She lost her phone. B. She got into a panic. C. She was served pancakes. D. She almost fell off the seat. 26. How did the author feel after reaching the bottom from the ride? A. Relaxed. B. Confused. C. Excited. D. Disappointed. 27. What message does the story convey? A. He who hesitates is lost. B. It’s never too late to learn. C. Life is like riding a pirate ship. D. It’s worthwhile to try something new. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要通过描述作者与朋友的女儿Jenny在游乐园的经历，展现了作者面对新事物（游乐园的游乐设施）的紧张、恐惧以及最终克服这些情绪并享受其中的过程的经历。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段““Will you go on this ride with me? ” my friend’s eleven-year-old daughter Jenny asked. She stared at the ride, eager to experience the same excitement as the brave group of riders in front of us. I couldn’t say no.(“你愿意和我一起去吗？”我朋友11岁的女儿Jenny问。她盯着过山车，渴望体验和我们前面那群勇敢的玩家一样的兴奋。我无法拒绝。)”可知，Jenny眼中对过山车的渴望让作者决定和Jenny一起坐过山车。故选A。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“As I stared at the concrete directly below us, I had a sudden feeling of great fear. I wondered if I had replacement coverage (保险) for the phone that I was sure would slip out of my pocket and break into a million tiny pieces. I wondered when my new health insurance would kick in.(当我盯着我们正下方的混凝土时，我突然感到非常害怕。我想知道我是否有手机的更换保险，因为我确信手机会从口袋里滑出来，摔成无数个小碎片。我想知道我的新健康保险什么时候生效。)”可知，作者在高空时感到惊慌失措，非常害怕。故选B。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“When I reached the bottom, I tapped out like a WWF wrestler admitting defeat. Although my body was shaking and my head was still spinning, I felt exhilarated just like I was on the top of the world. That morning, I set a goal, took my first step to reach it, and felt the joy of achievement.(当我到达底部时，我就像一个世界摔跤联合会选手承认失败一样倒下了。虽然我的身体在颤抖，我的头还在旋转，但我感到兴奋，就像我站在世界之巅一样。那天早上，我设定了一个目标，迈出了实现目标的第一步，感受到了成功的喜悦。)”可知，当作者到达底部时感到非常兴奋。故选C。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Each time you try something for the first time, you will grow—a little piece of the fear of the unknown is removed and replaced with a sense of satisfaction.(每次你第一次尝试某件事，你都会成长——对未知的一点点恐惧会被消除，取而代之的是一种满足感。)”以及全文内容可知，故事讲述了作者与Jenny一起尝试游乐园中的游乐设施的经历，作者虽然最初感到害怕和紧张，但最终还是克服了这些情绪并享受了其中的乐趣。这表明故事传达的信息是尝试新事物是值得的。故选D。 C Studying a subject that you feel pointless is never a fun or easy task. If you’re studying history, asking yourself the question “why is history important” is a very good first step. History is an essential part of human civilization. You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history. History grounds us in our roots. History is an important and interesting field of study, and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper, more meaningful glimpse (一瞥) into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where we are today. Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution (演变) of your culture can provide. History enriches our experience. Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living a long time ago. According to the experts, problems faced by people regardless of the past and present are the same. With the information about the ancestors, one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life. History makes us more empathetic (具有共情能力的). Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures. Fear and hate for others is usually caused by ignorance (无知). We’re scared of the things that we don’t understand. History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us. History can inspire us to learn more. What’s fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons. It’s almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questions about related concepts. Study the 19re century England, and you might catch a glimpse of Charles Dickens’ Oliver Twist. Look up Charles Dickens, and you might learn a thing or two about realism. Or maybe you end up switching your attention away from novels, and discover the history of romantic poets in England. It can go anywhere, and there is something in there for absolutely anybody. The value of history cannot be underestimated. We don’t have to live in the past, but we can definitely do better by learning from it and using the lessons learnt to lead more meaningful lives. 28. People can get a sense of cultural belonging by studying history and _______. A. thinking about the meaning of it B. accepting the development of culture C. analyzing how they get to the present state D. reflecting on their social and economic life 29. What can be concluded from Paragraph 4? A. It is difficult to get rid of cultural barriers. B. People are willing to accept foreign cultures. C. Cultural conflicts in history are difficult to ignore. D. History helps us improve our cross-cultural awareness. 30. What could be the best title for the passage? A. How to Build Cultural Identity B. Why Studying History Matters C. Know the Past, Know the Present D. History: a Way to Broaden Horizons 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“为什么历史是重要的”这一主题进行阐述，列举了多个理由来支持这一观点，如历史可以让我们了解自己的根源、丰富我们的经验、使我们更具共情能力、激发我们学习更多等。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution (演变) of your culture can provide.(许多人觉得他们需要一种文化归属感，这是研究你的根源和对你的文化演变持开放态度所能提供的。)”可知，文化归属感是可以通过学习历史，和接受文化演变获得的。故选B。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“History makes us more empathetic (具有共情能力的). Studying history can give us insight (洞察力) into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures. Fear and hate for others is usually caused by ignorance (无知). We’re scared of the things that we don’t understand. History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.(历史让我们更具有共情能力的。研究历史可以让我们洞察为什么我们的文化会做某些事情，以及过去是如何将其塑造成我们现在所知道的样子。它也为跨文化的同理心提供了相当坚实的基础。对他人的恐惧和憎恨通常是由于无知造成的。我们害怕我们不了解的东西。历史有可能打破这些界限，让我们洞悉整个世界，否则我们就会感到陌生。)”可知，通过了解其他文化的历史，我们可以更好地欣赏他们的价值观和传统，这反过来又有助于我们克服文化障碍并减少冲突。这表明，当我们面对来自不同文化背景的人时，通过了解他们的历史，我们更有能力去理解和尊重他们的观点和习俗。因此，可以得出结论，历史有助于我们提高跨文化意识。故选D。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“If you’re studying history, asking yourself the question “why is history important” is a very good first step. History is an essential part of human civilization. You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history.(如果你正在学习历史，问自己“为什么历史很重要”是很好的第一步。历史是人类文明的重要组成部分。你会在这里找到一些能引起你兴趣的东西，或者让你思考历史的重要性。)”、最后一段“The value of history cannot be underestimated. We don’t have to live in the past, but we can definitely do better by learning from it and using the lessons learnt to lead more meaningful lives. (历史的价值不可低估。我们不必活在过去，但我们可以通过从中吸取教训，过更有意义的生活，做得更好。)”以及全文内容可知，这篇文章讨论了学习历史的重要性，并提供了为什么它是有价值的几个原因。选项B“Why Studying History Matters (为什么学习历史很重要)”抓住了文本的主要焦点，即解释为什么学习历史是重要的。故选B。 D According to a new Agriculture Department report, U. S. forests could exacerbate global warming because they are being destroyed by natural disasters and are losing their ability to absorb planet-warming gases as they get older. The report predicts that the ability of forests to absorb carbon will start declining after 2025 and that forests could release up to 100 million metric tons of carbon a year as their emissions (排放) from decaying (腐烂的) trees go beyond their carbon absorption. Forests could become a “substantial carbon source” by 2070, the USDA report says. The loss of carbon absorption is driven in part by natural disasters such as wildfires, tornadoes and hurricanes, which are increasing in frequency and strength as global temperatures rise. The disasters destroy forestland, destroying their ecosystem and decreasing their ability to absorb carbon, according to Lynn Riley, a senior manager of climate science at the American Forest Foundation. Aging forests also contribute. The report found that older, mature trees absorb less carbon than younger trees of the same species, and U. S. forests are rapidly aging. This trend is likely to continue, as forests come under increasing threat from climate change and exploitation (开采). The typical tropical (热带的) forest may become a carbon source by the 2060s, according to Simon Lewis, professor in the school of geography at Leeds University. “Humans have been lucky so far, as tropical forests are cleaning up lots of our pollution, but they can’t keep doing that indefinitely,” he said. “We need to cut down fossil fuel emissions before the global carbon cycle starts working against us.” U. S. forests currently absorb 11 percent of U. S. carbon emissions, or 150 million metric tons of carbon a year, equal to the combined emissions from 40 coal power plants, according to the report. The loss of forests as natural carbon absorbers will require the U. S. to cut emissions more rapidly to reach net zero. “As we work to decarbonize (碳减排), forests are one of the greatest tools at our handling. If we were to lose that, it means we will contribute that much more in emissions.” Riley said. 31. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Relieve. B. Worsen. C. Address. D. Measure. 32. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. The key role of forests in the ecosystem. B. The consequences of frequent natural disasters. C. The impact of rising global temperatures on forests. D. The reasons for forests’ declining ability to absorb carbon. 33. What does Simon Lew is suggest? A. Reducing fossil fuel emissions. B. Dealing with decaying trees in time. C. Planting younger trees on a large scale. D. Limiting the exploitation of forest resources. 34. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To stress the significance of forests. B. To offer suggestions on forest management. C. To present the efforts the U. S. has made to reach net zero. D. To show the increasing carbon emissions from coal power plants. 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. A 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国农业部的一份新报告称森林在未来可能会加剧全球变暖，而非缓解全球变暖，到2070年，森林甚至可能会成为主要的碳排放者。 【31题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“because they are being destroyed by natural disasters and are losing their ability to absorb planet-warming gases as they get older. (因为它们正在受到自然灾害的破坏，并且随着年龄的增长，它们正在失去吸收地球变暖气体的能力)”可知，森林受到自然灾害的破坏，且吸收温室气体的能力随着年龄在下降，所以可推知美国的森林可能会加剧全球变暖，划线词的意思为“加剧，使恶化”。故选B。 【32题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The loss of carbon absorption is driven in part by natural disasters such as wildfires, tornadoes and hurricanes, which are increasing in frequency and strength as global temperatures rise. The disasters destroy forestland, destroying their ecosystem and decreasing their ability to absorb carbon, according to Lynn Riley, a senior manager of climate science at the American Forest Foundation. Aging forests also contribute. The report found that older, mature trees absorb less carbon than younger trees of the same species, and U. S. forests are rapidly aging.(碳吸收的减少在一定程度上是由野火、龙卷风和飓风等自然灾害造成的，随着全球气温的上升，这些自然灾害的频率和强度都在增加。美国森林基金会气候科学高级经理Lynn Riley表示，这些灾难破坏了林地，破坏了其生态系统，降低了其吸收碳的能力。老化的森林也起到了推波助澜的作用。报告发现，年龄较大、成熟的树木吸收的碳比同一物种的年轻树木少，美国的森林正在迅速老化)”可知，本段主要列举了几个导致森林吸收碳能力减少的原因，如自然灾害、森林老化等。故选D。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“We need to cut down fossil fuel emissions before the global carbon cycle starts working against us. (我们需要在全球碳循环开始对我们不利之前减少化石燃料的排放)”可知，Simon Lewis建议减少化石燃料排放。故选A。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“U. S. forests currently absorb 11 percent of U. S. carbon emissions, or 150 million metric tons of carbon a year, equal to the combined emissions from 40 coal power plants, according to the report. The loss of forests as natural carbon absorbers will require the U. S. to cut emissions more rapidly to reach net zero. “As we work to decarbonize (碳减排), forests are one of the greatest tools at our handling. If we were to lose that, it means we will contribute that much more in emissions.” Riley said.(根据这份报告，美国森林目前吸收了美国11%的碳排放量，即每年1.5亿吨碳，相当于40座燃煤电厂的总排放量。森林作为天然碳吸收器的损失将要求美国更快地减少排放，以达到净零排放。“在我们努力脱碳的过程中，森林是我们处理的最好工具之一。如果我们失去了这一点，这意味着我们将贡献更多的排放。”莱利说)”可知，森林在吸收碳方面起着重要作用，如果森林消失，意味着对排放量有非常高的要求，故本段主要是在强调森林的重要性。故选A。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共 10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A healthy lifestyle is one that is full of healthy choices and behavior. It helps you keep physical and mental health and helps you live longer. Generally speaking, the factors that contribute to a healthy lifestyle may include physical activity, a healthy diet, low stress and healthy habits. _____35_____ ___36___It helps to reduce your risk of diseases, such as cancer, and diabetes, and helps you control your weight. In children, physical activity also builds confidence. As part of a healthy lifestyle, adults should take part in moderate(适度的)to intense aerobic exercises and muscle-strengthening activities regularly. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends at least 150 minutes of aerobic activity per week, such as walking, bicycling, playing tennis. swimming or aerobics. Eating a healthy diet can help you prevent disease and keep a healthy weight. This means eating a range of whole foods from the different food groups. Overall, a healthy diet is high in plant-based foods and low in sugary and high fat foods. Meat can be part of a healthy diet if it is eaten in moderation._____37_____ Although stress is a natural human reaction designed to keep you out of danger, there are negative health consequences to dealing with long term stress.___38___ In order to manage your stress, you need to learn what causes it and how you can deal with it. Ways to deal with unavoidable stress include exercise and talking to family or friends. A healthy lifestyle includes healthy habits. This means protecting your skin from the sun, getting regular health check-ups and avoiding substance abuse. Smoking and tobacco use are unhealthy because they increase your risk of diseases such as cancer and heart disease. ____39____. It can damage your liver, cause cancer and hurt loved ones. A. Your lifestyle should support a healthy weight, so remain active daily. B. These factors help reduce the risk of diseases and increase your quality of life. C. For a longer and better life, put together your plan for a healthy lifestyle. D. Eating a wide variety of healthy food will help cover your nutritional(营养的) needs. E. Physical activity is a key part of becoming and staying healthy. F. Drinking too much alcohol is also an unhealthy habit. G. Preventing and managing stress is important if you want to live a healthy lifestyle. 【答案】35. B 36. E 37. D 38. G 39. F 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。一个健康的生活方式是一个充满健康的选择和行为。它帮助你保持身心健康，帮助你活得更久。一般来说，形成健康生活方式的因素包括体育活动、健康的饮食、低压力和健康的习惯。文章主要从这个五个因素展开，说明了每个因素对人健康的影响和好处。 【35题详解】 根据上文A healthy lifestyle is one that is full of healthy choices and behavior. It helps you keep physical and mental health and helps you live longer. Generally speaking, the factors that contribute to a healthy lifestyle may include physical activity, a healthy diet, low stress and healthy habits.可知一个健康的生活方式是一个充满健康的选择和行为。它帮助你保持身心健康，帮助你活得更久。一般来说，形成健康生活方式的因素包括体育活动、健康的饮食、低压力和健康的习惯。由此可知，上文提到了一些形成健康生活方式的因素，那么本句应当承接上文说明，这些因素给人带来的好处是有助于降低患病风险，提高生活质量。B选项中These factors指代上文中the factors。故B选项“这些因素有助于降低患病风险，提高生活质量”符合语境，故选B。 【36题详解】 本句为本段中心句，根据本段内容It helps to reduce your risk of diseases, such as cancer, and diabetes, and helps you control your weight. In children, physical activity also builds confidence. As part of a healthy lifestyle, adults should take part in moderate(适度的)to intense aerobic exercises and muscle-strengthening activities regularly. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends at least 150 minutes of aerobic activity per week, such as walking, bicycling, playing tennis. swimming or aerobics.可知它有助于降低你患癌症、糖尿病等疾病的风险，并帮助你控制体重。对孩子来说，体育活动也能建立信心。作为健康生活方式的一部分，成年人应该定期参加中等强度的有氧运动和增强肌肉的活动。美国疾病控制与预防中心建议每周至少进行150分钟的有氧运动，比如步行、骑自行车、打网球。游泳或有氧运动。由此可知，本段主要说明的是体育活动对保持健康的重要作用。故E选项“体育活动是变得健康和保持健康的关键部分”符合语境，故选E。 【37题详解】 根据上文Eating a healthy diet can help you prevent disease and keep a healthy weight. This means eating a range of whole foods from the different food groups. Overall, a healthy diet is high in plant-based foods and low in sugary and high fat foods. Meat can be part of a healthy diet if it is eaten in moderation.可知健康的饮食可以帮助你预防疾病，保持健康的体重。这意味着从不同的食物组中吃一系列的天然食物。总的来说，健康的饮食应该多吃植物性食物，少吃含糖和高脂肪的食物。适量食用肉类可以成为健康饮食的一部分。由此可知，本段说明的是饮食对健康的作用，吃各种各样的健康食物有助于满足你的营养需求。故D选项“吃各种各样的健康食物有助于满足你的营养需求”符合语境，故选D。 【38题详解】 根据上文Although stress is a natural human reaction designed to keep you out of danger, there are negative health consequences to dealing with long term stress.(虽然压力是一种自然的人类反应，旨在让你远离危险，但长期应对压力会对健康产生负面影响)以及后文In order to manage your stress, you need to learn what causes it and how you can deal with it. Ways to deal with unavoidable stress include exercise and talking to family or friends.(为了管理你的压力，你需要了解产生压力的原因以及如何处理它。处理不可避免的压力的方法包括锻炼和与家人或朋友交谈)由此可知，本段主要是关于压力对健康的影响，上文提到了压力的危害，那么本句起承上启下的作用，说明预防和管理压力是很重要的。故G选项“如果你想过健康的生活方式，预防和管理压力是很重要的”符合语境，故选G。 【39题详解】 根据上文A healthy lifestyle includes healthy habits. This means protecting your skin from the sun, getting regular health check-ups and avoiding substance abuse. Smoking and tobacco use are unhealthy because they increase your risk of diseases such as cancer and heart disease.可知健康的生活方式包括健康的习惯。这意味着保护你的皮肤不受日晒，定期做健康检查，避免药物滥用。吸烟和使用烟草是不健康的，因为它们会增加你患癌症和心脏病等疾病的风险。以及后文It can damage your liver, cause cancer and hurt loved ones.(它会损害你的肝脏，导致癌症，还会伤害你所爱的人)由此可知，上文主要列举了一些不健康的生活习惯，那么本句承接上文继续说明喝太多酒也是不健康的习惯，会损害肝脏。故F选项“喝太多酒也是一种不健康的习惯”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分：书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。 AI art, aka (又名) computation art or generative art, refers to the creation of any artwork through the use of artificial intelligence programs. This can include art forms like music, photography and video, but in this article we’ll focus on 2D and 3D illustrative art. AI art should not be confused with digital art, which refers to artworks created using any type of digital software. Typically, with digital art, the creator has to employ some level of artistic skill and technique, and understand how to use tools such as Adobe Illustrator. With AI art, in contrast, you typically only have to type in a text prompt (提示词). A finished artwork is then created by generative AI algorithms without any further input needed. AI art is controversial (有争议的) within the art and design professions for two main reasons. Firstly, and most obviously, allowing people to generate art through software means they’re less likely to pay someone to create it by hand. And that’s inevitably (不可避免的) going to lead to job losses and the loss of freelance work to professional artists. The second reason is that AI art generators are trained on art made by humans. Yet in most cases, these artists have not been paid for this sampling of their work. And by copying their style, which they may have taken decades of hard work to develop, AI art generators are arguably carrying out the biggest copyright theft in history. It all reminds us of the story of how an aging Pablo Picasso was one day sketching (素描) in a park. A woman approached him and asked him to sketch her. The famous artist took one look at her, and dashed off an abstract likeness in seconds. She loved it, and asked how much she should pay. “5,000 francs,” he replied. “Why so expensive?” she cried in shock. “It took you less than a minute!” He replied: “No, Madame, it took me a lifetime.” The artist community is now in a similar position, on a massive scale. AI art generators are taking out the equivalent of 5,000 francs of value multiple times a second, and yet artists aren’t getting a penny. A number of court cases are testing out this argument in court. 40. What is AI art? ___________________________________________________________ 41. With digital art, what does the creator have to do? ___________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he is a very great artist ___________________________________________________________ 43. Are you a supporter of AI art? Why or why not? (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It is the creation of any artwork through the use of artificial intelligence programs. 41. The creator has to employ some level of artistic skill and technique, and understand how to use tools such as Adobe Illustrator. 42. The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he is a very great artist./The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he may have taken decades of hard work to develop painting skills. 43. I believe that artificial intelligence art tends towards industrialization, which brings convenience but also easily harms the rights of true artists. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了AI艺术的定义、特点、以及它在艺术和设计行业中引发的争议。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“AI art, aka (又名) computation art or generative art, refers to the creation of any artwork through the use of artificial intelligence programs. (人工智能艺术，又名计算艺术或生成艺术，是指通过使用人工智能程序创作的任何艺术品。)”可知，人工智能艺术指的是通过使用人工智能程序创造的任何艺术品。故答案为It is the creation of any artwork through the use of artificial intelligence programs. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Typically, with digital art, the creator has to employ some level of artistic skill and technique, and understand how to use tools such as Adobe Illustrator.(通常，对于数字艺术，创作者必须运用一定程度的艺术技巧和技术，并了解如何使用Adobe Illustrator等工具。)”可知，对于数字艺术，创作者必须运用一定程度的艺术技巧和技术，并了解如何使用Adobe Illustrator等工具。故答案为The creator has to employ some level of artistic skill and technique, and understand how to use tools such as Adobe Illustrator. 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第四段“Yet in most cases, these artists have not been paid for this sampling of their work. And by copying their style, which they may have taken decades of hard work to develop, AI art generators are arguably carrying out the biggest copyright theft in history.(然而，在大多数情况下，这些艺术家并没有因为他们的作品样本而得到报酬。通过复制他们的风格（他们可能花了几十年的努力才开发出来)，AI美术生成器可以说是在进行历史上最大的版权盗窃。)”以及第五段“It all reminds us of the story of how an aging Pablo Picasso was one day sketching (素描) in a park. A woman approached him and asked him to sketch her. The famous artist took one look at her, and dashed off an abstract likeness in seconds. She loved it, and asked how much she should pay. “5,000 francs,” he replied. “Why so expensive?” she cried in shock. “It took you less than a minute!” He replied: “No, Madame, it took me a lifetime.”(这让人想起了毕加索在公园里画画的故事。一个女人走近他，让他给她画个素描。这位著名的艺术家看了她一眼，几秒钟内就迅速画出了一幅抽象画。她很喜欢，就问应该付多少钱。“五千法郎。”他回答。“为什么这么贵？”她震惊地叫道。“你花了不到一分钟的时间！”他回答说：“不，夫人，我花了一辈子的时间。”)”可知，作者讲述巴勃罗·毕加索的故事是为了说明艺术家们需要几十年的努力才能培养绘画技能。故原句“The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he is a very great artist.”中的“he is a very great artist”表达错误。故答案为The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he is a very great artist./The author tells the story of Pablo Picasso to show that he may have taken decades of hard work to develop painting skills. 【43题详解】 开放题。要求考生谈谈是否支持AI艺术，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为I believe that artificial intelligence art tends towards industrialization, which brings convenience but also easily harms the rights of true artists. 第二节(20分) 44. 假定你是某国际学校学生会主席李华。你校将于下周五举办一场有关急救知识的培训。请你以学生会的名义写一则英语通知。内容包括： 1.活动目的； 2.时间、地点及内容； 3.希望与呼吁。 注意：1. 词数 100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 NOTICE ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union April 26th, 2024 【答案】 NOTICE To enrich the students’ knowledge about first aid, a training is to be held in our school hall next Friday. The training centers on first aid knowledge. First, we give a lecture about how to give first aid when facing emergency. What’s more, some doctors will show us how to help those who are injured or burned. I think it is necessary for students to attend the training. It’s such a useful training that all the students should sign up for it. The Students’ Union April 26th, 2024 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以学生会的名义写一则英语通知，告知全校师生学校将于下周五举办一场有关急救知识的培训，呼吁大家积极参与。 【详解】1.词汇积累 集中于：center on→ focus on 首先：first → first of all 此外：what’s more → in addition 必要的：necessary→ essential 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To enrich the students’ knowledge about first aid, a training is to be held in our school hall next Friday. The training centers on first aid knowledge. 拓展句：To enrich the students’ knowledge about first aid, a training is to be held in our school hall next Friday, which centers on first aid knowledge. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What’s more, some doctors will show us how to help those who are injured or burned.（运用了who引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】It’s such a useful training that all the students should sign up for it.（运用了such…that…引导的状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $