精品解析：江苏省盐城一中、射阳中学2023-2024学年高一下学期期中联考英语试题

2023-2024度学年度高一年级第二学期期中联考试卷 英语试题 试卷总分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the woman suggest the key might be? A. Under the mat. B. Above the door. C. Under the flower pot. 2. What makes the girl study harder? A. To get a toy. B. To work as a designer. C. To earn money for a car. 3. What did the notice say about Tom? A. He has finished his research. B. He has been promoted to manager. C. He is going to work in the research center. 4. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Use a flashlight. B. Light a candle. C. Buy a book. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The man’s job. B. The man’s marriage. C. The man’s relationship with his assistant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers arguing about? A. A bird. B. Some money. C. A game. 7. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a lake. B. On a farm. C. At a park. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why is the man nervous? A. He doesn’t like job interviews. B. He doesn’t want to lose his job. C. He doesn’t have many employment choices. 9. How long was the woman out of work? A. Three months. B. Six months. C. Two years. 10. How did the man live without work and pay? A. With money from his brother. B. With money from his parents. C. With money from his savings. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers doing at the beginning? A. Queuing up. B. Ordering food. C. Having some drinks. 12. What does the man like best? A. Beef. B. Fish. C. Chicken. 13. What does the woman think of the fish? A. A little sour. B. Very sweet. C. Too salty. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14 Where is the tree house? A. In Justin’s yard. B. In Stanley’s yard. C. In Miss Johnson’s yard. 15. How will Justin get back to the treehouse? A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot. 16. Why is Justin in a hurry? A. He is afraid of thunder. B. He thinks it’s going to rain. C. He wants his mother to see the treehouse. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Students. 18. What will the temperature be tomorrow morning? A. -10℃. B. -20℃. C. -15℃. 19. What should the listeners have so that they can change into? A. A pair of boots. B. A warm jacket. C. A pair of pants. 20. Where is the announcement from? A. A school. B. A TV station. C. A radio station. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D中选出问题的最佳答案。（共15小题，每小题2.5分；计37.5分） A Help us create an eco-paradise We are Ami + Elise. We live in a little corner of paradise, deep in the forest. We are seeking folks who would like to get involved and help us regenerate this small area of land (19 acres) to support a biodiverse ecosystem, grow food and help people rewild themselves. This project will need lots of help from both “skilled” and “unskilled” lovely people. Help needed ·Gardening ·Building ·General maintenance ·Farming ·Help with the eco-project ·Help in the house ·Animal care Working Time & Meals We ask for a minimum of 4 hours per day of your time in return for free stay and breakfast. We can also offer full board (膳食) for those who want to work a full day. We are very flexible and can adapt days/times for each helper as people will be coming for various amounts of time. We will host you at no cost and provide breakfast (at a minimum) and some vegetables from the garden when available. Accommodation We have a few different options for accommodation. Where you will stay will depend on availability at the time as we may have others here. In warm weather we have a very basic outdoor shower and for the cooler months the shower in our home can be used. We will share some meals together and hope to make new friends and connect with like-minded people in the process, sharing our stories and skills with each other (probably round the campfire when the weather permits). Getting here The closest airport is the Birmingham airport. If you take public transport, our closest train station is Cynghordy (10 mins drive from us) or Llandovery (20 mins drive from us). We are happy to pick you up and drop you off at the station and shops when needed. If you drive yourself, we’ll provide you with detailed directions as we are deep in the forest. 1. What kind of helpers does the project need? A. People with various skills. B. People good at training wild animals. C. People fond of agricultural work. D. People aiming to set up eco-projects. 2. How can people get three meals a day for free? A. By working 4 hours at least. B. By putting in a full day’s work. C. By helping with the gardening. D. By setting flexible working hours. 3. What service can people get from the hosts? A They can be dropped off at the airport. B. They can choose where they like to live. C. They can share a room with like-minded people. D. They can be picked up at the train station. B I’ll admit it — when someone asks me how I’m doing, the first word that usually comes out of my mouth is “busy”. It seems that “busy” has become the new normal. According to Emily Fletcher, founder of Ziva Meditation, the desire to keep busy is an essential part of being human. “We love feeling important and needed, which is what ‘busy’ provides us with,” she said, adding that packed schedules are considered a necessary part of achieving big dreams. “It is well known that the intense race has some built-in promises. The harder you work now, the bigger the payoff in the future.” As a result, we fill our days with work and social commitments. But are you really as busy as you think you are? Most career-driven people would probably guess they spend most of their time at work. But author Laura Vanderkam argues that that’s probably not the case. In her new book, I Know How She Does It, she asked 143 mothers with six-figure jobs to record what they did for every hour of one week. Surprisingly, she found that these undeniably “busy” women worked only 44 hours a week on average and slept nearly eight hours a night, leaving 70 hours per week for other things. So what gives? “This is just human nature: we overestimate (高估) the things we don’t want to do — work, housework — and underestimate the things we do want to do,” she says. “Psychologists also have found that negative events tend to stand out in the mind more than positive events.” Simply tracking how you spend your time, says Vanderkam, is the first step to breaking free of the “busy” trap. “It’s a lot harder to lie to ourselves when we see where the time goes, right there in black and white.” It is also necessary to recognize that you’re mostly in charge of how you spend your time and that you can choose differently. Another really important thing — Stop telling people how busy you are. Try and take a pause when someone asks “How are you?” to really check in and see what is going on, as opposed to relying on the “busy” line. 4. Why do people like to keep themselves busy? A. They accept busyness as a normal part of life. B. They hold that only a busy life is meaningful. C. They believe that being busy promises success. D. They just follow the examples of successful people. 5. Why do most people think they spend more time at work than they actually do? A. They make work the center of their lives. B. The work they do is relatively challenging. C. They tend to underestimate their ability to work. D. Work is something they have a low intention of doing. 6. How does the writer advise us to break the bad habit of busyness? A. By reducing the time we spend at work. B. By spending less time chatting with others. C. By understanding the negative effects of busyness. D. By avoiding constantly emphasizing busyness. 7. What is the purpose of the text? A. To get people out of the bad habit of keeping themselves busy. B. To reveal the different meanings of busyness in different times. C. To make people understand the harm that busyness can do to us. D. To uncover why people’s lives are busier and busier these days. C Street lights can change the amount and quality of sleep that pigeons (鸽子) get at night, affecting their energy in the morning. “More and more studies show how light pollution is affecting animal behavior,” said Anne Aulsebrook, a researcher from the University of Melbourne. “One of the most common and well-documented things light pollution seems to do is cause animals, particularly birds, to change the timing of their behavior.” Aulsebrook said she chose pigeons because so much was already known about their sleep compared to other birds’, and plenty of them were in captivity (圈养) to study. They set up experiments exposing the birds to darkness one night, switching on the lights the next night and turning them off the following night. Using sensors that recorded brain and muscle activity, the team found that the pigeons slept for about 10 hours with the lights off. With the lights on, their sleep dropped to about six hours. Quality of sleep was also affected. The pigeons didn’t seem to recover from the loss of rapid-eye movement sleep the night before, slept less intensely the following night and woke up more often. Comparing amber (琥珀色) light to white light, the team found the tone made no difference in sleep patterns. “If we had to choose, I’d still go with warmer, amber colors,” she said. “The other simpler solution is to turn the lights off.” Other efforts to reduce light pollution include shielding (给……加防护罩) lights, directing them, dimming them or using sensors to turn them on only when people are around. “More research needs to be done to understand the effects of sleep loss on birds,” Aulsebrook said. “We know that sleep is really important to humans. We experience how important sleep is when we don’t get enough of it,” she said. But there hasn’t been much research in this area on birds. “I think the next big step is looking at whether we can measure these costs of reproduction (繁殖) in these birds if they’re not getting enough sleep,” she said. 8. Which is a proven influence of light pollution on birds? A. Making them more active. B. Changing their biological clock. C. Increasing their tendency to attack. D. Improving their environmental adaptability. 9. Why did Aulsebrook choose pigeons as research subjects? A. There is a personal preference for them. B. There’ll be easily available data on them. C. They are the most commonly seen birds in life. D. They have typical sleep patterns for research. 10. What did Aulsebrook’s team find from their research? A. Lights’ influence on birds’ sleep varies from color to color. B. Birds tend to be more nervous in the light conditions. C. Lights do great harm to pigeons’ sleep. D. Pigeons have an irregular sleeping habit. 11. What is Aulsebrook’s attitude towards the effects of birds’ loss of sleep? A. Objective. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Subjective. D Electric vehicles are the eco-friendly choice for many people when purchasing a new car. But not everyone is in the market for a new automobile. Faced with this choice, many people have started looking for ways to convert (转变) their gas-powered cars and trucks into EVs. This makes sense since gas-powered cars contribute to climate change. But there’s concern about what will happen to all the gas-powered cars already on the road once car companies go fully electric, reported EcoWatch. Converting gas vehicles to electricity isn’t yet common; however, it can be done, according to the US Department of Energy. It would require removing the entire combustion (燃烧) engine entirely, and replacing it with a battery pack, one or more electric engines, wiring, and more. So, as you can see, it isn’t an easy job. Luckily, according to Ecowatch, there’re companies that specialize in EV conversion, such as Zelectric Motors. The problem is that these companies can charge a lot for their services. EcoWatch reports that conversions can cost more than the price of a new electric car. Treehugger recently published some guidelines for buying an EV conversion kit and converting your car yourself. According to the guidelines, the best types of cars to convert with electricity are those that are relatively light and use a manual transmission (手动变速器). Heavier cars can make the electric engine less efficient, and automatic cars use up too much power. Additionally, you also need a car that can stand the weight of the electric battery packs. Some cars that are mentioned as good candidates are Nissan Sentra, Ford Escort, and Honda Civic. While conversion kits can also be costly, if you have a newer vehicle you want to keep, it’s a viable solution. Still, perhaps the best thing the world can do to create less environmentally harmful transportation is to move away from cars to begin with. EcoWatch reports that Mark Watts, the director of C40 Cities, a group of city mayors trying to make their cities more eco-friendly, said that active travel, walking, biking, etc. is the way to go. So, the next time you turn the key on your gas-powered car, consider the fact that one day you could be pressing a button on a clean, electric-powered vehicle or walking instead. 12. What does the author think of the practice of changing gas-powered cars into electric ones? A. It is urgent but successful. B. It is hard and labor-consuming. C. It is expensive and unnecessary. D. It is meaningful but complicated. 13. What does the underlined word “viable” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Temporary B. Practical. C. Universal. D. Unique. 14. Which of the following can help create low-carbon transportation according to the text? A. Maintaining electric vehicles regularly. B. Prohibiting the use of gas-powered cars. C. Replacing a trip by car with active travel. D. Reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Will electric cars be available to most people globally? B. Will conventional cars be replaced by electric vehicles? C. Can conventional cars be converted into electric vehicles? D. Can electric cars make eco-friendly transportation possible? 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A television writer is responsible for writing scripts (剧本) for television shows. There are numerous types of shows to which a TV writer can contribute his or her talents. ____16____ A scriptwriter often writes stories for television dramas, comedies, and soap operas. Some television writers start out as assistants before working their way up to filling writing positions on shows. ____17____ As a television writer, success requires a combination of talent, hard work, and determination. ____18____ Depending on their role and the show they are working on, they might work individually in the writers’ room or other remote locations. They also spend time on the set, working closely with the production team and actors to ensure the scripts are brought to life as intended. A television writer might develop their material using a variety of methods. This involves researching and gathering information to ensure the show is accurate and true. A piece of advice given by professionals is to watch all kinds of TV shows. TV writers should note which ones are successful. ____19____ A formal college degree is usually not required to be a television writer as educational requirements vary by positions. Writing talent and practical work experience are generally considered just as valuable as a college degree. There are numerous opportunities to learn how to be a TV writer. ____20____ Continuing education opportunities are also suggested as well as reading reviews and comments. A. Job titles of a TV writer can change. B. The workplace of a TV writer can vary. C. So they learn from them and accept suggestions to create better work. D. It’s helpful to be located in cities known for their television production. E. Many TV writers read books and begin self-study to improve their skills. F. For instance, a TV writer can be a journalist, focusing on news programs. G. Others may work in other areas, such as film or theater, before turning to television. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Bill Sumiel had been suffering from kidney disease for years and had been on dialysis (透析) for all those years. He was on the transplant (移植) list, but no matches had yet ____21____. So he continued with his treatments. It was a Friday in Oct. 2020, and Sumiel had booked an Uber ride home from the treatment center. Timothy Letts was driving to visit a friend when he received the ____22____ for Sumiel’s ride home. The trip was out of Letts’s way. Still, he ____23____ the order, figuring if the ____24____ was coming from a medical facility, he probably needed a ride. After Sumiel got into the car, the pair got to chatting. Sumiel revealed that he was ____25____ a kidney donor. Letts joked that he’d be a ____26____ donor candidate, given that he didn’t drink or smoke. Sumiel agreed, ____27____ he didn’t think much of it. As the car neared Sumiel’s house, Letts said, “I’d like to see if I could be a match to give you a kidney.” “I was shocked,” Sumiel recalls. He was shaking so hard and could ____28____ write his name when they exchanged contact information. After the initial excitement, Sumiel started feeling a bit less ____29____ — he wondered if it had just been a(n) _____30_____ moment. Would he hear from him? And what was the _____31_____ they’d be a match? But Letts was _____32_____ to his word. Letts had contacted the kidney transplant program quickly. After a long screening process, the results showed: Letts was a(n) _____33_____ donor. In Dec. 2021, 14 months after they ended up in the same _____34_____ by chance, Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a(n) _____35_____. Today Sumiel is doing well, and he and Letts still keep in touch. 21. A. heard B. survived C. appeared D. promised 22. A. privilege B. request C. commitment D. guidance 23. A. took B. checked C. refused D. reserved 24. A. friend B. driver C. receiver D. passenger 25 A. reaching out to B. searching for C. catching up with D. looking upon 26. A. good B. senior C. major D. cheap 27. A. so B. but C. as D. or 28. A. merely B. nearly C. barely D. actually 29. A. frustrated B. curious C. doubtful D. optimistic 30. A. emotional B. temporary C. encouraging D. thoughtful 31. A. consequence B. significance C. purpose D. possibility 32. A. open B. true C. strong D. sensitive 33. A. ideal B. secret C. generous D. fortunate 34. A. hospital B. boat C. car D. company 35. A. attempt B. joke C. adventure D. success 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese dragons are fictional creatures, a root of Chinese people who considered ____36____( they) as the descendants(后代) of dragons. Since their creation, Chinese dragons ____37____ (win) the deep love from Chinese people, because of their strong power and symbolic meanings. They played ____38____ important role in the history of Chinese nation, politics, religion, culture and Chinese language and became a symbol of China and Chinese people. Dragon is a belief of Chinese nation and a ____39____ (gold) Chinese element(元素). ____40____ a person hears the name of dragon, China will come to his or her mind. As the strongest animal ____41____ (select) by Chinese people, dragon has the strongest power ____42____ helps it go to the Heaven and the Hell, and make cloud and rains. In ancient times, as a belief, dragon gave strong supports to the ruling of a big nation, and to people’s fragile spirits and hard life because people suffered ____43____ extreme natural disasters and lack of the supports from science. The ____44____ (important) of dragon to Chinese people is like water to creatures, and it _____45_____ (reflect) in people’s spirit, beliefs, and ideology(思想观念). 第四部分 基础知识及书面表达（共四节，满分40分） 第一节（每小题1分，满分5分） 选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子，有两个单词为多余词。 addict globe unearth office destroy generate adore 46. In the Song Dynasty, tea was only offered as a refreshing drink to kings and ____________. 47. The profit ____________ from the Rural Students Cafe goes back to the participating schools. 48. Her son has been ___________ to computer games since last year. 49. She carried a(n) ___________ doll in her arms. 50. Researchers ___________ documents from the 1600s last year. 第二节（每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句意和所给汉语提示，用适当的英文短语完成句子。 51. I don’t know what it was that __________(奏效), but I am definitely feeling much better. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 52. All theories originate from practice and ________ ________ (转而) serve practice. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 53. To our surprise, the missing boy arrived home ___________ (安然无恙). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 54. It never ___________ (想到) me that you would be an athlete. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 55. We need some new people ________________（注入活力）this project. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 56. I finally succeeded in ___________ (摆脱) that annoying salesman. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 57. The war __________ (爆发), millions of people lost their homes. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 58. Head down, eyes on my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car shot past, nearly ________(撞倒某人). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 59. If you still keep silent, I __________ (认为......理所当然) that you agree. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 60. With the Internet __________ (熟悉、精通), we can find information on any subject in seconds. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第三节（每小题1分，满分10分） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 61. Malaria is one of the ________ (dead) diseases in human history. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. Luckily, many people came to help, ________ (donate) food and clothes to charities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. The Internet has now become the first place ________ the majority of people turn to for information. (用适当的词填空) 64. The Amazon rainforest is more than half ________ size of China. (用适当的词填空) 65. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable ________ (vary) of wildlife. (所给词的适当形式填空) 66. The experiment ________ (mention) in your article is interesting. (所给词的适当形式填空) 67. With more knowledge ________ (come) a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still. (所给词的适当形式填空) 68. ________ the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. (用适当的词填空) 69. No matter ________ we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones with all sorts of communication software. (用适当的词填空) 70. Tu Youyou’s education was soon ________ (prove) very useful. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四节 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 假定你李华，你校成功举办了校园文化秀（the Campus Culture Show）。现在，请你按照以下要点给英国网友Wilson写一封邮件，分享这次活动。 1. 活动时间、地点； 2. 活动内容； 3. 活动感受。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 听力1—5 BCCBC 6—10 ACCBA 11—15 ABCCA 16—20 BCCAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023-2024度学年度高一年级第二学期期中联考试卷 英语试题 试卷总分：150分 考试时间：120分钟 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the woman suggest the key might be? A. Under the mat. B. Above the door. C. Under the flower pot. 2. What makes the girl study harder? A. To get a toy. B. To work as a designer. C. To earn money for a car. 3. What did the notice say about Tom? A. He has finished his research. B. He has been promoted to manager. C. He is going to work in the research center. 4. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Use a flashlight. B. Light a candle. C. Buy a book. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The man’s job. B. The man’s marriage. C. The man’s relationship with his assistant. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers arguing about? A. A bird. B. Some money. C. A game. 7. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a lake. B. On a farm. C. At a park. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. Why is the man nervous? A. He doesn’t like job interviews. B. He doesn’t want to lose his job. C. He doesn’t have many employment choices. 9. How long was the woman out of work? A. Three months. B. Six months. C. Two years. 10. How did the man live without work and pay? A. With money from his brother. B. With money from his parents. C. With money from his savings. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers doing at the beginning? A. Queuing up. B. Ordering food. C. Having some drinks. 12. What does the man like best? A. Beef. B. Fish. C. Chicken. 13. What does the woman think of the fish? A. A little sour. B. Very sweet. C. Too salty. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. Where is the tree house? A. In Justin’s yard. B. In Stanley’s yard. C. In Miss Johnson’s yard. 15. How will Justin get back to the treehouse? A. By car. B. By bike. C. On foot. 16. Why is Justin in a hurry? A. He is afraid of thunder. B. He thinks it’s going to rain. C. He wants his mother to see the treehouse. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Teachers. B. Parents. C. Students. 18. What will the temperature be tomorrow morning? A. -10℃. B. -20℃. C. -15℃. 19. What should the listeners have so that they can change into? A. A pair of boots. B. A warm jacket. C. A pair of pants. 20. Where is the announcement from? A. A school. B. A TV station. C. A radio station. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D中选出问题的最佳答案。（共15小题，每小题2.5分；计37.5分） A Help us create an eco-paradise We are Ami + Elise. We live in a little corner of paradise, deep in the forest. We are seeking folks who would like to get involved and help us regenerate this small area of land (19 acres) to support a biodiverse ecosystem, grow food and help people rewild themselves. This project will need lots of help from both “skilled” and “unskilled” lovely people. Help needed ·Gardening ·Building ·General maintenance ·Farming ·Help with the eco-project ·Help in the house ·Animal care Working Time & Meals We ask for a minimum of 4 hours per day of your time in return for free stay and breakfast. We can also offer full board (膳食) for those who want to work a full day. We are very flexible and can adapt days/times for each helper as people will be coming for various amounts of time. We will host you at no cost and provide breakfast (at a minimum) and some vegetables from the garden when available. Accommodation We have a few different options for accommodation. Where you will stay will depend on availability at the time as we may have others here. In warm weather, we have a very basic outdoor shower and for the cooler months the shower in our home can be used. We will share some meals together and hope to make new friends and connect with like-minded people in the process, sharing our stories and skills with each other (probably round the campfire when the weather permits). Getting here The closest airport is the Birmingham airport. If you take public transport, our closest train station is Cynghordy (10 mins drive from us) or Llandovery (20 mins drive from us). We are happy to pick you up and drop you off at the station and shops when needed. If you drive yourself, we’ll provide you with detailed directions as we are deep in the forest. 1. What kind of helpers does the project need? A. People with various skills. B. People good at training wild animals. C. People fond of agricultural work. D. People aiming to set up eco-projects. 2. How can people get three meals a day for free? A. By working 4 hours at least. B. By putting in a full day’s work. C. By helping with the gardening. D. By setting flexible working hours. 3. What service can people get from the hosts? A. They can be dropped off at the airport. B. They can choose where they like to live. C. They can share a room with like-minded people. D. They can be picked up at the train station. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，文章介绍了一个创建生态天堂的项目。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“We are seeking folks who would like to get involved and help us regenerate this small area of land (19 acres) to support a biodiverse ecosystem, grow food and help people rewild themselves.(我们正在寻找愿意参与并帮助我们重建这一小块土地（19英亩）的人，以支持生物多样性的生态系统，种植粮食并帮助人们重新野生化)”可知，该项目想要寻找的是喜欢农业方面的工作的人，故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Working Time & Meals部分中“We can also offer full board (膳食) for those who want to work a full day.(我们也可以为那些想要全天工作人提供全膳)”可知，全天工作可以得到免费的三餐，故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Getting here部分中“We are happy to pick you up and drop you off at the station and shops when needed.(我们很乐意在需要的时候接送您到车站和商店)”可知，人们可以享受到从车站接送的服务，故选D。 B I’ll admit it — when someone asks me how I’m doing, the first word that usually comes out of my mouth is “busy”. It seems that “busy” has become the new normal. According to Emily Fletcher, founder of Ziva Meditation, the desire to keep busy is an essential part of being human. “We love feeling important and needed, which is what ‘busy’ provides us with,” she said, adding that packed schedules are considered a necessary part of achieving big dreams. “It is well known that the intense race has some built-in promises. The harder you work now, the bigger the payoff in the future.” As a result, we fill our days with work and social commitments. But are you really as busy as you think you are? Most career-driven people would probably guess they spend most of their time at work. But author Laura Vanderkam argues that that’s probably not the case. In her new book, I Know How She Does It, she asked 143 mothers with six-figure jobs to record what they did for every hour of one week. Surprisingly, she found that these undeniably “busy” women worked only 44 hours a week on average and slept nearly eight hours a night, leaving 70 hours per week for other things. So what gives? “This is just human nature: we overestimate (高估) the things we don’t want to do — work, housework — and underestimate the things we do want to do,” she says. “Psychologists also have found that negative events tend to stand out in the mind more than positive events.” Simply tracking how you spend your time, says Vanderkam, is the first step to breaking free of the “busy” trap. “It’s a lot harder to lie to ourselves when we see where the time goes, right there in black and white.” It is also necessary to recognize that you’re mostly in charge of how you spend your time and that you can choose differently. Another really important thing — Stop telling people how busy you are. Try and take a pause when someone asks “How are you?” to really check in and see what is going on, as opposed to relying on the “busy” line. 4. Why do people like to keep themselves busy? A. They accept busyness as a normal part of life. B. They hold that only a busy life is meaningful. C. They believe that being busy promises success. D. They just follow the examples of successful people. 5. Why do most people think they spend more time at work than they actually do? A. They make work the center of their lives. B. The work they do is relatively challenging. C. They tend to underestimate their ability to work. D. Work is something they have a low intention of doing. 6. How does the writer advise us to break the bad habit of busyness? A. By reducing the time we spend at work. B. By spending less time chatting with others. C. By understanding the negative effects of busyness. D. By avoiding constantly emphasizing busyness. 7. What is the purpose of the text? A. To get people out of the bad habit of keeping themselves busy. B. To reveal the different meanings of busyness in different times. C. To make people understand the harm that busyness can do to us. D. To uncover why people’s lives are busier and busier these days. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章先是指出人们其实并非自己认为的那样忙碌，最后介绍了如何摆脱“忙碌陷阱”。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中““We love feeling important and needed, which is what ‘busy’ provides us with,” she said, adding that packed schedules are considered a necessary part of achieving big dreams. “It is well known that the intense race has some built-in promises. The harder you work now, the bigger the payoff in the future.”(“我们喜欢被重视和被需要的感觉，这正是‘忙碌’给我们带来的。”她说，并补充说，紧凑的日程安排被认为是实现远大梦想的必要组成部分。“众所周知，这场激烈的竞选有一些内在的承诺。你现在越努力，将来的回报就越大。”)”可知，人们喜欢保持忙碌是因为他们认为忙碌预示着成功，故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中““This is just human nature: we overestimate (高估) the things we don’t want to do — work, housework — and underestimate the things we do want to do,” she says. “Psychologists also have found that negative events tend to stand out in the mind more than positive events.”(“这就是人性：我们高估了我们不想做的事情——工作、家务——低估了我们想做的事情。”她说。“心理学家还发现，消极事件往往比积极事件更容易在人们的脑海中留下深刻印象。”)”可知，工作是人们不想做的事情，消极事件往往比积极事件更容易在人们的脑海中留下深刻印象，所以大多数人认为他们花在工作上的时间比实际花在工作上的时间要多，故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Another really important thing — Stop telling people how busy you are.(另一件非常重要的事情是——不要告诉别人你有多忙)”可知，作者建议我们不要总是强调自己很忙，故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Simply tracking how you spend your time, says Vanderkam, is the first step to breaking free of the “busy” trap.(Vanderkam说，简单地记录下自己的时间是如何度过的，这是摆脱“忙碌”陷阱的第一步)”和最后一段中“Another really important thing — Stop telling people how busy you are.(另一件非常重要的事情是——不要告诉别人你有多忙)”可知，文章先是指出人们其实并非自己认为的那样忙碌，最后介绍了如何摆脱“忙碌陷阱”，故本文目的是让人们摆脱忙忙碌碌的坏习惯。故选A。 C Street lights can change the amount and quality of sleep that pigeons (鸽子) get at night, affecting their energy in the morning. “More and more studies show how light pollution is affecting animal behavior,” said Anne Aulsebrook, a researcher from the University of Melbourne. “One of the most common and well-documented things light pollution seems to do is cause animals, particularly birds, to change the timing of their behavior.” Aulsebrook said she chose pigeons because so much was already known about their sleep compared to other birds’, and plenty of them were in captivity (圈养) to study. They set up experiments exposing the birds to darkness one night, switching on the lights the next night and turning them off the following night. Using sensors that recorded brain and muscle activity, the team found that the pigeons slept for about 10 hours with the lights off. With the lights on, their sleep dropped to about six hours. Quality of sleep was also affected. The pigeons didn’t seem to recover from the loss of rapid-eye movement sleep the night before, slept less intensely the following night and woke up more often. Comparing amber (琥珀色) light to white light, the team found the tone made no difference in sleep patterns. “If we had to choose, I’d still go with warmer, amber colors,” she said. “The other simpler solution is to turn the lights off.” Other efforts to reduce light pollution include shielding (给……加防护罩) lights, directing them, dimming them or using sensors to turn them on only when people are around. “More research needs to be done to understand the effects of sleep loss on birds,” Aulsebrook said. “We know that sleep is really important to humans. We experience how important sleep is when we don’t get enough of it,” she said. But there hasn’t been much research in this area on birds. “I think the next big step is looking at whether we can measure these costs of reproduction (繁殖) in these birds if they’re not getting enough sleep,” she said. 8. Which is a proven influence of light pollution on birds? A. Making them more active. B. Changing their biological clock. C. Increasing their tendency to attack. D. Improving their environmental adaptability. 9. Why did Aulsebrook choose pigeons as research subjects? A. There is a personal preference for them. B. There’ll be easily available data on them. C. They are the most commonly seen birds in life. D. They have typical sleep patterns for research. 10. What did Aulsebrook’s team find from their research? A. Lights’ influence on birds’ sleep varies from color to color. B. Birds tend to be more nervous in the light conditions. C. Lights do great harm to pigeons’ sleep. D. Pigeons have an irregular sleeping habit. 11. What is Aulsebrook’s attitude towards the effects of birds’ loss of sleep? A. Objective. B. Doubtful. C. Optimistic. D. Subjective. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了墨尔本大学的研究员Anne Aulsebrook及其团队对于光污染对鸽子睡眠影响的研究。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“One of the most common and well-documented things light pollution seems to do is cause animals, particularly birds, to change the timing of their behavior.”（光污染最常见且被广泛记录的影响之一就是使动物，特别是鸟类，改变行为的时间。）可推知，光污染已被证实会改变鸟类的生物钟。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Aulsebrook said she chose pigeons because so much was already known about their sleep compared to other birds’, and plenty of them were in captivity (圈养) to study.”（Aulsebrook说她选择鸽子是因为相比其他鸟类，我们已经知道了很多关于鸽子睡眠的信息，而且有很多鸽子被圈养以供研究。）可推知，Aulsebrook选择鸽子作为研究对象是因为关于它们的睡眠有大量可用的数据。故选B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“With the lights on, their sleep dropped to about six hours. Quality of sleep was also affected. The pigeons didn’t seem to recover from the loss of rapid-eye movement sleep the night before, slept less intensely the following night and woke up more often.”（当灯光打开时，它们的睡眠时间减少到大约六小时。睡眠质量也受到影响。鸽子似乎无法从前一晚的快速眼动睡眠损失中恢复过来，第二晚睡得不那么沉，而且更频繁地醒来。）可推知，灯光对鸽子的睡眠造成了很大的伤害。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“More research needs to be done to understand the effects of sleep loss on birds,” Aulsebrook said.”（奥尔斯布鲁克说:“需要做更多的研究来了解睡眠不足对鸟类的影响。）可知，可知，奥尔斯布鲁克对鸟类睡眠不足的影响持客观的态度。故选A。 D Electric vehicles are the eco-friendly choice for many people when purchasing a new car. But not everyone is in the market for a new automobile. Faced with this choice, many people have started looking for ways to convert (转变) their gas-powered cars and trucks into EVs. This makes sense since gas-powered cars contribute to climate change. But there’s concern about what will happen to all the gas-powered cars already on the road once car companies go fully electric, reported EcoWatch. Converting gas vehicles to electricity isn’t yet common; however, it can be done, according to the US Department of Energy. It would require removing the entire combustion (燃烧) engine entirely, and replacing it with a battery pack, one or more electric engines, wiring, and more. So, as you can see, it isn’t an easy job. Luckily, according to Ecowatch, there’re companies that specialize in EV conversion, such as Zelectric Motors. The problem is that these companies can charge a lot for their services. EcoWatch reports that conversions can cost more than the price of a new electric car. Treehugger recently published some guidelines for buying an EV conversion kit and converting your car yourself. According to the guidelines, the best types of cars to convert with electricity are those that are relatively light and use a manual transmission (手动变速器). Heavier cars can make the electric engine less efficient, and automatic cars use up too much power. Additionally, you also need a car that can stand the weight of the electric battery packs. Some cars that are mentioned as good candidates are Nissan Sentra, Ford Escort, and Honda Civic. While conversion kits can also be costly, if you have a newer vehicle you want to keep, it’s a viable solution. Still, perhaps the best thing the world can do to create less environmentally harmful transportation is to move away from cars to begin with. EcoWatch reports that Mark Watts, the director of C40 Cities, a group of city mayors trying to make their cities more eco-friendly, said that active travel, walking, biking, etc. is the way to go. So, the next time you turn the key on your gas-powered car, consider the fact that one day you could be pressing a button on a clean, electric-powered vehicle or walking instead. 12. What does the author think of the practice of changing gas-powered cars into electric ones? A. It is urgent but successful. B. It is hard and labor-consuming. C. It is expensive and unnecessary. D. It is meaningful but complicated. 13. What does the underlined word “viable” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Temporary B. Practical. C. Universal. D. Unique. 14. Which of the following can help create low-carbon transportation according to the text? A. Maintaining electric vehicles regularly. B. Prohibiting the use of gas-powered cars. C. Replacing a trip by car with active travel. D. Reducing the fuel consumption of vehicles. 15. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Will electric cars be available to most people globally? B. Will conventional cars be replaced by electric vehicles? C. Can conventional cars be converted into electric vehicles? D. Can electric cars make eco-friendly transportation possible? 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要是关于将传统汽车改成电动汽车。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Faced with this choice, many people have started looking for ways to convert (转变) their gas-powered cars and trucks into EVs. This makes sense since gas-powered cars contribute to climate change.(面对这种选择，许多人开始寻找方法将他们汽油动力汽车和卡车转换为电动汽车。这是有道理的，因为汽油驱动的汽车会导致气候变化)”和第二段中“So, as you can see, it isn’t an easy job.(所以，正如你所看到的，这不是一件容易的工作)”可知，作者认为将油车换成电动汽车有意义但是很复杂。故选D。 【13题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词前“While conversion kits can also be costly, if you have a newer vehicle you want to keep”表达的让步意义可知，此处指“虽然改装套件也很昂贵，但如果你想保留一辆新车，这是一个可行的解决方案”，viable意为“可行的”，故选B。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Still, perhaps the best thing the world can do to create less environmentally harmful transportation is to move away from cars to begin with. EcoWatch reports that Mark Watts, the director of C40 Cities, a group of city mayors trying to make their cities more eco-friendly, said that active travel, walking, biking, etc. is the way to go.(不过，要想创造对环境危害较小的交通工具，或许世界能做的最好的事情就是从一开始就远离汽车。据EcoWatch报道，由市长组成的C40城市组织的负责人Mark Watts表示，积极出行、步行、骑自行车等是可行之道)”可知，用主动出行代替开车出行有助于创造低碳交通，故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Faced with this choice, many people have started looking for ways to convert (转变) their gas-powered cars and trucks into EVs. This makes sense since gas-powered cars contribute to climate change.(面对这种选择，许多人开始寻找方法将他们的汽油动力汽车和卡车转换为电动汽车。这是有道理的，因为汽油驱动的汽车会导致气候变化)”可知，文章主要是关于将传统汽车改成电动汽车，C项“传统汽车能被改造成电动汽车吗？”为最佳标题，故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A television writer is responsible for writing scripts (剧本) for television shows. There are numerous types of shows to which a TV writer can contribute his or her talents. ____16____ A scriptwriter often writes stories for television dramas, comedies, and soap operas. Some television writers start out as assistants before working their way up to filling writing positions on shows. ____17____ As a television writer, success requires a combination of talent, hard work, and determination. ____18____ Depending on their role and the show they are working on, they might work individually in the writers’ room or other remote locations. They also spend time on the set, working closely with the production team and actors to ensure the scripts are brought to life as intended. A television writer might develop their material using a variety of methods. This involves researching and gathering information to ensure the show is accurate and true. A piece of advice given by professionals is to watch all kinds of TV shows. TV writers should note which ones are successful. ____19____ A formal college degree is usually not required to be a television writer as educational requirements vary by positions. Writing talent and practical work experience are generally considered just as valuable as a college degree. There are numerous opportunities to learn how to be a TV writer. ____20____ Continuing education opportunities are also suggested as well as reading reviews and comments. A. Job titles of a TV writer can change. B. The workplace of a TV writer can vary. C. So they learn from them and accept suggestions to create better work. D. It’s helpful to be located in cities known for their television production. E. Many TV writers read books and begin self-study to improve their skills. F. For instance, a TV writer can be a journalist, focusing on news programs. G. Others may work in other areas, such as film or theater, before turning to television. 【答案】16. F 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. E 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了电视剧编剧这个职位。 【16题详解】 上文“There are numerous types of shows to which a TV writer can contribute his or her talents.(有许多类型的节目，编剧可以贡献他或她的才华)”提到编剧可以为许多不同类型的节目创作，结合下文“A scriptwriter often writes stories for television dramas, comedies, and soap operas.(编剧经常为电视剧、喜剧和肥皂剧写故事)”具体举例电视剧、喜剧和肥皂剧，F项“例如，一个电视作家可以是一个记者，专注于新闻节目”符合语境，和下文一致，都是对上文举例说明，故选F。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Some television writers start out as assistants before working their way up to filling writing positions on shows.(一些电视编剧从助理做起，然后逐渐晋升为电视剧编剧)”可知，G 项“其他人在转向电视之前可能会在其他领域工作，比如电影或戏剧”符合语境，在句式上构成“some…others…”固定句式，且都是描述在成为编剧之前的职业，故选G。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Depending on their role and the show they are working on, they might work individually in the writers’ room or other remote locations. They also spend time on the set, working closely with the production team and actors to ensure the scripts are brought to life as intended.(根据他们的角色和他们正在制作的节目，他们可能会在编剧室或其他偏远的地方单独工作。他们还花时间在片场，与制作团队和演员密切合作，以确保剧本按照预期被赋予生命)”可知，本段主要讲述编剧的工作场所，B项“电视编剧的工作场所各不相同”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据本段首句“A television writer might develop their material using a variety of methods.(电视编剧可能会用各种各样的方法来发展他们的素材)”和上文“A piece of advice given by professionals is to watch all kinds of TV shows. TV writers should note which ones are successful.(专业人士给的一条建议是看各种各样的电视节目。电视编剧应该注意哪些是成功的)”可知，本段是关于编剧如何发展自己的素材，前文提到建议编剧看各种节目，看看哪些是成功的，空处应是承接上文，说明编剧向成功的节目学习，以发展自己的素材，C项“所以他们向它们学习，接受建议，创造更好的工作”符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据下文“Continuing education opportunities are also suggested as well as reading reviews and comments.(还建议继续教育机会以及阅读评论和评论)”中的“also suggested”可知，空处也是关于编剧提高技能的建议，E项“许多电视编剧通过读书和自学来提高自己的写作技巧”符合语境，故选E。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Bill Sumiel had been suffering from kidney disease for years and had been on dialysis (透析) for all those years. He was on the transplant (移植) list, but no matches had yet ____21____. So he continued with his treatments. It was a Friday in Oct. 2020, and Sumiel had booked an Uber ride home from the treatment center. Timothy Letts was driving to visit a friend when he received the ____22____ for Sumiel’s ride home. The trip was out of Letts’s way. Still, he ____23____ the order, figuring if the ____24____ was coming from a medical facility, he probably needed a ride. After Sumiel got into the car, the pair got to chatting. Sumiel revealed that he was ____25____ a kidney donor. Letts joked that he’d be a ____26____ donor candidate, given that he didn’t drink or smoke. Sumiel agreed, ____27____ he didn’t think much of it. As the car neared Sumiel’s house, Letts said, “I’d like to see if I could be a match to give you a kidney.” “I was shocked,” Sumiel recalls. He was shaking so hard and could ____28____ write his name when they exchanged contact information. After the initial excitement, Sumiel started feeling a bit less ____29____ — he wondered if it had just been a(n) _____30_____ moment. Would he hear from him? And what was the _____31_____ they’d be a match? But Letts was _____32_____ to his word. Letts had contacted the kidney transplant program quickly. After a long screening process, the results showed: Letts was a(n) _____33_____ donor. In Dec. 2021, 14 months after they ended up in the same _____34_____ by chance, Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries. It was a(n) _____35_____. Today Sumiel is doing well, and he and Letts still keep in touch. 21. A. heard B. survived C. appeared D. promised 22. A. privilege B. request C. commitment D. guidance 23. A. took B. checked C. refused D. reserved 24. A. friend B. driver C. receiver D. passenger 25. A. reaching out to B. searching for C. catching up with D. looking upon 26. A. good B. senior C. major D. cheap 27. A. so B. but C. as D. or 28. A. merely B. nearly C. barely D. actually 29. A. frustrated B. curious C. doubtful D. optimistic 30. A. emotional B. temporary C. encouraging D. thoughtful 31. A. consequence B. significance C. purpose D. possibility 32. A. open B. true C. strong D. sensitive 33. A. ideal B. secret C. generous D. fortunate 34. A. hospital B. boat C. car D. company 35. A. attempt B. joke C. adventure D. success 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bill Sumiel长期患有肾病并接受透析治疗，而Timothy Letts是一名Uber司机，在一次偶然的搭载Sumiel回家的过程中，Letts得知了Sumiel需要肾脏捐赠者的消息。Letts随后表示愿意进行配型检查，看是否能成为捐赠者。经过一系列的检查和等待，Letts最终被证实是理想的捐赠者，并在一年后成功为Sumiel捐赠了肾脏。这个故事展现了人性的善良和无私，以及偶然事件如何带来深远的影响。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在移植名单上，但还没有匹配的人出现。A. heard听见；B. survived幸存；C. appeared出现；D. promised承诺。根据上文“had been on dialysis (透析) for all those years.”和“no matches”可知，匹配的人还没有出现。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：蒂莫西·莱茨(Timothy Letts)开车去拜访朋友时，接到了让Sumiel搭车回家的要求。A. privilege特权，荣幸；B. request要求；C. commitment承诺，保证；D. guidance引导。根据上文“Sumiel had booked an Uber ride home from the treatment center.”可知，Letts接到了优步平台上Sumiel的搭车要求。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是接受了订单，心想如果乘客是从医疗机构来的，他可能需要搭车。A. took拿走；B. checked检查；C. refused拒绝；D. reserved保留，预定。根据上文“The trip was out of Letts’s way.”和“Still”可知，尽管不顺路，Letts还是接受了订单。take the order为固定搭配，意为“接受订单”。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. friend朋友；B. driver司机；C. receiver接受者；D. passenger乘客。根据上文“Timothy Letts was driving to visit a friend”可知，Letts是司机，因此此处对应的是乘客。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Sumiel透露他正在寻找肾脏捐赠者。A. reaching out to把手伸向；B. searching for寻找，搜寻；C. catching up with追上，赶上；D. looking upon看待。根据上文“He was on the transplant (移植) list, but no matches had yet ____1____.”和下文“a kidney donor”可知，Sumiel正在寻找肾脏捐赠者。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Letts开玩笑说，考虑到他不喝酒也不抽烟，他会是一个很好的捐赠者候选人。A. good好的；B. senior级别高的；C. major主要的；D. cheap便宜的。根据下文“given that he didn’t drink or smoke.”可知，Letts开玩笑说自己是一个很好的肾脏捐献者候选人。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：Sumiel同意了，但他没多想。A. so因此；B. but但是；C. as随着；D. or或者。上文提到“Sumiel同意了”，下文提到“他没多想”，上下文之间是转折关系，需用连词but连接。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他们交换联系方式时，他抖得很厉害，连自己的名字都写不出来。A. merely仅仅；B. nearly几乎；C. barely几乎不；D. actually事实上。根据“He was shaking so hard”可知，交换联系方式时，Sumiel很激动，抖得很厉害，几乎连自己的名字都写不出来。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在最初的兴奋之后，Sumiel开始觉得不那么乐观了——他怀疑这是否只是一个情绪化的时刻。A. frustrated沮丧的，受挫折的；B. curious好奇的；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据上文“After the initial excitement”和下文“he wondered if it had just been a(n) ____10____moment. Would he hear from him? And what was the ____11____they’d be a match?”可知，在经过最初的兴奋之后，Sumiel不太确定Letts是否真的能帮助到他，变得不那么乐观。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. emotional情感的；B. temporary暂时的；C. encouraging鼓舞人心的；D. thoughtful考虑周到的，体贴的。根据上文“After the initial excitement, Sumiel started feeling a bit less ____9____”和“he wondered”可知，Sumiel怀疑这是否只是一个情绪化的时刻，变不那么真实。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们匹配的可能性有多大？A. consequence后果；B. significance重要性；C. purpose目的；D. possibility可能性。根据“they’d be a match”可知，Sumiel在思考他们肾脏匹配的可能性。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但Letts信守了自己的诺言。A. open开放的；B. true真的；C. strong强壮的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据下文“Letts had contacted the kidney transplant program quickly. After a long screening process, the results showed: Letts was a(n) ____13____ donor.”可知，Letts信守了诺言。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经过长时间的筛选，结果表明：Letts的肾脏是一个理想的肾脏。A. ideal理想的；B. secret秘密的；C. generous慷慨的；D. fortunate幸运的。根据下文“Sumiel and Letts had their surgeries.”可知，Letts的肾脏是一个理想的肾脏。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年12月，也就是他们偶然坐在同一辆车里的14个月后，苏米尔和莱茨接受了手术。A. hospital医院；B. boat船；C. car汽车；D. company公司。根据上文“After Sumiel got into the car, the pair got to chatting.”可知，此处指同坐一辆车。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个成功。A. attempt尝试；B. joke玩笑；C. adventure冒险；D. success成功。根据“Today Sumiel is doing well, and he and Letts still keep in touch.”可知，手术很成功。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese dragons are fictional creatures, a root of Chinese people who considered ____36____( they) as the descendants(后代) of dragons. Since their creation, Chinese dragons ____37____ (win) the deep love from Chinese people, because of their strong power and symbolic meanings. They played ____38____ important role in the history of Chinese nation, politics, religion, culture and Chinese language and became a symbol of China and Chinese people. Dragon is a belief of Chinese nation and a ____39____ (gold) Chinese element(元素). ____40____ a person hears the name of dragon, China will come to his or her mind. As the strongest animal ____41____ (select) by Chinese people, dragon has the strongest power ____42____ helps it go to the Heaven and the Hell, and make cloud and rains. In ancient times, as a belief, dragon gave strong supports to the ruling of a big nation, and to people’s fragile spirits and hard life because people suffered ____43____ extreme natural disasters and lack of the supports from science. The ____44____ (important) of dragon to Chinese people is like water to creatures, and it _____45_____ (reflect) in people’s spirit, beliefs, and ideology(思想观念). 【答案】36. themselves 37. have won 38. an 39. golden 40. When 41. selected 42. that 43. from 44 importance 45. is reflected 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国龙的象征意义，龙在中华民族的历史、政治、宗教、文化和汉语中发挥了重要作用，成为中国和中国人民的象征。 【36题详解】 考查代词。根据短语consider oneself as…表示“认为自己是……”，且此处指代为Chinese people应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。根据上文Since their creation可知应用现在完成时，主语为dragons，助动词应用have。故填have won。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。根据短语play an important role in表示“在……起重要作用”。故填an。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。修饰后文名词短语Chinese element应用形容词，故填golden。 【40题详解】 考查连接词。句意：当一个人听到龙的名字，他或她会想到中国。此处为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when引导，句首字母要大写。故填When。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。as是介词，表示“作为”，因此select在句中用非谓语动词形式作定语，与逻辑主语animal构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填selected。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词power，且先行词在从句中做主语，由最高级修饰只能用that引导。故填that。 【43题详解】 考查介词。根据短语suffer from表示“遭受，忍受”。故填from。 【44题详解】 考查名词。根据上文the可知应填名词importance，短语the importance of表示“……的重要性”。故填importance。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且时态为一般现在时，主语为it，故动词用单数形式。故填is reflected。 【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点： 1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。 2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。 3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。 4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。 如第七小题，此处为定语从句修饰先行词power，且先行词在从句中做主语，由最高级修饰只能用that引导。故填that。 第四部分 基础知识及书面表达（共四节，满分40分） 第一节（每小题1分，满分5分） 选择并使用所给英语单词的正确形式完成句子，有两个单词为多余词。 addict globe unearth office destroy generate adore 46. In the Song Dynasty, tea was only offered as a refreshing drink to kings and ____________. 47. The profit ____________ from the Rural Students Cafe goes back to the participating schools. 48. Her son has been ___________ to computer games since last year. 49. She carried a(n) ___________ doll in her arms. 50. Researchers ___________ documents from the 1600s last year. 【答案】46. officials 47. generated 48. addicted 49. adorable 50. unearthed 【解析】 【46题详解】 考查名词。句意：在宋代，茶只是供国王和官员们提神的饮料。空处和名词kings并列作宾语，应用名词official“官员”的复数形式，故填officials。 【47题详解】 考查动词。句意：农村学生咖啡馆产生的利润将返还给参与的学校。结合“profit”和“from the Rural Students Cafe”可知，此处指“农村学生咖啡馆产生的利润”，generate“产生”，动词，和profit之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，故填generated。 【48题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她儿子从去年起就沉迷于电脑游戏。结合空后“to computer games”可知，此处表示“沉迷于电脑游戏”，be addicted to“沉迷于”，故填addicted。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她怀里抱着一个可爱的洋娃娃。空处作定语修饰名词doll，应用形容词adorable“可爱的”，故填adorable。 【50题详解】 考查动词。句意：研究人员去年发现了17世纪的文件。空处是谓语动词，结合句意可知，unearth“发掘，使出土”，动词，根据时间状语last year可知句子是一般过去时，故填unearthed。 第二节（每小题1分，满分10分） 根据句意和所给汉语提示，用适当的英文短语完成句子。 51. I don’t know what it was that __________(奏效), but I am definitely feeling much better. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】did the trick 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我不知道是什么起了作用，但我确实感觉好多了。根据汉语提示可知短语为do the trick，结合上文was可知为一般过去时。故填did the trick。 52. All theories originate from practice and ________ ________ (转而) serve practice. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】 ① in ②. turn 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：一切理论都来源于实践，反过来又为实践服务。空格是两个，因此“转而”是固定短语in turn，故填in，turn。 53. To our surprise, the missing boy arrived home ___________ (安然无恙). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】safe and sound 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：令我们吃惊的是，失踪的男孩平安到家了。根据汉语提示可知，safe and sound“安然无恙”，固定短语，故填safe and sound。 54. It never ___________ (想到) me that you would be an athlete. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】occurred to 【解析】 【详解】考查时态的固定句型。句意：我从没想过，你会成为一名运动员。it occurs to sb that, 某人想到...为固定句型。陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故填occurred to。 55. We need some new people ________________（注入活力）this project. （根据汉语提示补全句子） 【答案】to breathe life into 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们需要一些新人来给这个项目注入活力。表示“给……注入活力”应用短语breathe life into sth.。分析句子可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to breathe life into。 56. I finally succeeded in ___________ (摆脱) that annoying salesman. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】getting rid of 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我终于成功地摆脱了那个讨厌的推销员。根据汉语提示可知，get rid of“摆脱”，用动名词形式作介词of的宾语，故填getting rid of。 57. The war __________ (爆发), millions of people lost their homes. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】breaking out 【解析】 【详解】考查独立主格。句意：战争爆发了，数百万人失去了家园。空处为独立主格结构，爆发为break out，与The war为主动关系，用现在分词。故填breaking out。 58. Head down, eyes on my smartphone, I stepped into the road and a car shot past, nearly ________(撞倒某人). （根据汉语提示完成句子） 【答案】knocking me off my feet 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词短语。句意：我低着头，眼睛盯着智能手机，走在路上，一辆车从我身边驶过，差点把我撞倒。根据汉语提示，表示“撞倒某人”含义的动词短语为：knock sb off one’s feet；分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，应使用非谓语动词形式，因与其逻辑主语之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词形式，故填knocking me off my feet。 59. If you still keep silent, I __________ (认为......理所当然) that you agree. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】will take it for granted 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。句意：如果你仍然保持沉默，我就理所当然地认为你同意了。根据汉语提示“认为……理所当然”应用动词短语take it for granted，if引导的条件状语从句使用一般现在时，主句使用一般将来时。故填will take it for granted。 60. With the Internet __________ (熟悉、精通), we can find information on any subject in seconds. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】at our fingertips 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：随着互联网触手可及，我们可以在几秒钟内找到任何主题的信息。熟悉、精通为at our fingertips，作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语the Internet。故填at our fingertips。 第三节（每小题1分，满分10分） 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 61. Malaria is one of the ________ (dead) diseases in human history. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】deadliest 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：疟疾是人类历史上最致命的疾病之一。空处作定语修饰名词diseases，应用形容词deadly，结合空前的the和in human history可知，此处指“人类历史上最致命的疾病之一”，使用形容词最高级，故填deadliest。 62. Luckily, many people came to help, ________ (donate) food and clothes to charities. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】donating 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，很多人来帮忙，向慈善机构捐赠食物和衣服。分析句子结构和句意可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，many people与donate之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作伴随状语。故填donating。 63. The Internet has now become the first place ________ the majority of people turn to for information. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：互联网现在已经成为大多数人获取信息的首选之地。空处引导定语从句，先行词是place，关系词在从句中作宾语，且先行词前有序数词修饰，应用关系代词that，故填that。 64. The Amazon rainforest is more than half ________ size of China. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】the 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：亚马逊雨林的面积比中国的一半还大。the size of为固定搭配，意为“……的尺寸，……的大小”。故填the。 65. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable ________ (vary) of wildlife. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】variety 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：森林的不同层次孕育着种类繁多的野生动物。“各种各样的”为“a variety of”。故填variety。 66. The experiment ________ (mention) in your article is interesting. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】mentioned 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你文章中提到的实验很有趣。空处为非谓语动词，mention与experiment为被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填mentioned。 67. With more knowledge ________ (come) a deeper, more wonderful mystery, inspiring one to look deeper still. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】comes 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：随着知识的增加，你会发现更深、更奇妙的奥秘，激励你往更深的地方看。本句中介词短语置于句首，句子使用完全倒装结构，主语为a deeper, more wonderful mystery，句子陈述事实，使用一般现在时，主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。 68. ________ the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】As 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：作为世界上最大的雨林，亚马逊雨林在维持地球生态系统的良好平衡方面发挥着重要作用。结合句意可知，此处指“作为世界上最大的雨林”，使用介词as，首字母应大写，故填As。 69. No matter ________ we are, we are able to keep in contact with loved ones with all sorts of communication software. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论我们在哪里，我们都可以通过各种通信软件与亲人保持联系。结合句意可知，此处指“无论我们在哪里”，使用no matter where引导让步状语从句，故填where。 70. Tu Youyou’s education was soon ________ (prove) very useful. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to prove 【解析】 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：屠呦呦的教育很快就证明是有用的。说明主语的内容，用不定式作表语。故填to prove。 第四节 应用文写作（满分15分） 71. 假定你是李华，你校成功举办了校园文化秀（the Campus Culture Show）。现在，请你按照以下要点给英国网友Wilson写一封邮件，分享这次活动。 1. 活动时间、地点； 2. 活动内容； 3. 活动感受。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【答案】Dear Wilson, I’m writing to share our school’s Campus Culture Show held last Friday on the second floor of our school’s art center. The event was meant to enrich students’ life. Art works including photography and calligraphy were exhibited, from which we could appreciate the beauty of our life and experience the attraction of Chinese characters. What impressed us most was the folk dance and local operas performed by students. Through these activities, we not only got relaxed but also exposed ourselves to traditional Chinese culture. Looking forward to hearing from you again. 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国网友Wilson写一封邮件，分享学校成功举办的校园文化秀（the Campus Culture Show）活动。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 活动时间、地点； 2. 活动内容; 3. 活动感受。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） on the second floor of; school’s art center; be meant to; art works; the beauty of; the attraction of; Chinese characters; be impressed by; the folk dance and local operas; get relaxed; expose oneself to; traditional Chinese culture; look forward to; hear from 第三步：连词成句 1. I’m writing to share our school’s Campus Culture Show held last Friday on the second floor of our school’s art center. 2. The event was meant to enrich students’ life. 3. Art works including photography and calligraphy were exhibited, from which we could appreciate the beauty of our life and experience the attraction of Chinese characters. 4. What impressed us most was the folk dance and local operas performed by students. 5. Through these activities, we not only got relaxed but also exposed ourselves to traditional Chinese culture. 6.We really hope you can put forward some effective learning methods for us. 7. Looking forward to hearing from you again. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including（供参考） 2.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… （供参考） 3.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result （供参考） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to share our school’s Campus Culture Show held last Friday on the second floor of our school’s art center.（非谓语动词过去分词作定语） [高分句型2] Art works including photography and calligraphy were exhibited, from which we could appreciate the beauty of our life and experience the attraction of Chinese characters. （由介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句） 听力1—5 BCCBC 6—10 ACCBA 11—15 ABCCA 16—20 BCCAA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$