课时作业15（word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

课时作业(十五) (限时：60分钟) 层级一　语用巩固 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．My classmate finds it impossible to write an essay (论说文) within half an hour. 2． Organic (有机的) farming has its own disadvantages in contrast to factory farming. 3．It is incredible that the company has earned billions of dollars in the past decade. 4．The outstanding tennis player has beaten her opponents (对手) in all of their previous 6 matches. 5．Different people have varied skills.For instance , Mr Brown is an excellent designer. 6．The institute claimed (声称) that they had invented a new material that could replace plastics. 7． Chemical products were widely used over agricultural land, which causes serious pollution. 8．It is cruel (残忍的) of human beings to kill millions of poultry to satisfy their appetite. 9．He said that he was not involved in the murder but the police thought he was a guilty. 10．There was a historic temple (庙) in the scenic valley, which attracted thousands of tourists annually. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．At the sight of this cruelty (cruel), they could hardly contain their anger. 2．More than one doctor was involved (involve) in the rescue that took place after the earthquake. 3．What would you do, for instance, if you found a member of staff stealing? 4．Organic food is unadulterated food produced without artificial chemicals (chemical) or pesticides. 5．Don't be taken in by products claiming (claim) to help you lose weight in a week. 6．Introductions with the English translation to the scenic (scene) spots are seen everywhere. 7．You can't believe that the memorial was carved (carve) out of a single piece of stone. 8．After all, a dollar was a tidy sum for an 11-year-old boy in 1961. Ⅲ.选词填空 result in; sum up; suffer from; be involved in; be located in; play a part; be home to; for instance 1．There are a number of improvements； for instance , the computer works now. 2．These words sum up all my thinking and I leave you with them. 3．I'm very much afraid that your son may be involved in the crime. 4．It is ingenuous to suppose that money did not play a part in his decision. 5．Teenagers who are addicted to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression. 6．The new building will be located in the center of town. 7．Research has shown that having a preference for junk food can result in obesity. 8．It's widely acknowledged that China is home to giant pandas. Ⅳ.单句写作 1．我说服她不在这样糟糕的天气下动身。(argue) I argued her out of setting off in such bad weather. 2．据说，该地区有很多人在挨饿受冻。 It is said that many people in this area are 　suffering from hunger and cold　. 3．毫无疑问，你的成功是你努力工作的结果。 Without doubt, your success has resulted from your hard work. 4．当我走近时，其中一位将手指放在嘴唇上，示意我别出声。(as) As I approached ，one of them put his finger to his lips, signing to me to remain silent. 5．综上所述，这是解决我们问题的最有效途径之一。 To sum up , this is one of the most efficient approaches to the problem. 6．除了写作，他还和朋友们去看电影和足球比赛。(on top of) On top of writing，he goes to the movies as well as football matches with his friends. 层级二　素养提升 Ⅴ.阅读七选五 It is not only plants that grow in a garden.Growing your own food in your garden can help you grow, too.It is more than just a practical exercise.　1　 You can be more resilient(有适应力的)．Resilience is about how we react to changing circumstances with mental strength.In a garden, you will likely enjoy many successes, but you will experience many failures, too.　2　 Then you'll be more able to deal with whatever challenges life brings. 　3　 Becoming resilient involves being able to take a greater level of control over your own basic needs.As a gardener, you can build vital skills for higher levels of self-reliance.You can build skills not only in gardening, but also in other skills like DIY, crafting, repair, cooking, and food preservation as you create and tend your garden and process the produce you grow. You can learn to look beyond your own needs.Gardening can allow you to reduce daily concerns as you can harvest a lot from your space.　4　 You learn to look beyond your own basic needs and recognize the needs of others—human and non-human—in the world around you. You can become more compassionate(有同情心的)．　5　 This is something that you will come to appreciate when you use your garden to the fullest recognizing the gifts that nature gives you can help to increase your compassion, to recognize that others are less fortunate, and to reach out to others in a wide range of ways. A．You can build more skills. B．You can build up your body. C．Failure is the mother of success. D．It is something that makes you a better person. E．If you have a garden, you are in a fortunate position. F．This leaves more time and space for other considerations. G．This will help you build patience, learn to handle disappointments and gain confidence. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与自我/个人生活。本文为说明文。自己在花园中种植喜欢的食物不仅仅是一种务实的体验，更会让你成为一个更好的人！ 1．答案　D 解析　顺承关系。根据上文可知，花园里种植自己的食物也能帮助你成长。这不仅仅是一次实践练习，设空处应该强调花园里种植自己的食物还有其他的好处，故选D项。 2．答案　G 解析　因果关系。根据上下文可知，在花园中既能享受成功，又能经历失败，这会让自己收获耐心和信心，由此能够更好的应对生活中的挑战，故选G项。 3．答案　A 解析　总分关系。根据下文可知，在花园中自己种植食物，还能培养出更多技能，故选A项。 4．答案　F 解析　因果关系。根据上下文可知，园艺能够让人们减少日常担忧和烦恼，由此给你带来更多的时间和空间可以去认识周围世界中其他的需求，故选F项(这就为其他考虑留出了更多的时间和空间)。 5．答案　E 解析　解释关系。根据下文可知，此处强调拥有一个花园是幸运的，因为它会让你认识并欣赏到大自然给你的礼物，帮助你增加同情心，故选E项(如果你有一个花园，你是幸运的)。 Ⅵ.语法填空 So far, four ancient Chinese irrigation(灌溉) sites 1. (honor) as World Heritage Irrigation Structures, which has brought the total number of irrigation projects in China on the list to 23. Tianbao Weir(堰), one of the 2. (new) awarded projects, is situated in Fujian Province.With a history of over 1,200 years, the weir is the 3.____________ (old) existing water project specifically aimed at stopping saltwater and 4. __________ (store) freshwater. Longshou Canal and Ancient Luohe River Irrigation District in Shaanxi Province is said to be 5. first underground canal in China's history.The canal is a major branch of the Yellow River, providing irrigation for local 6. (farm) in the face of droughts and water shortage. The Weirs of Baishaxi Stream Project in east China's Zhejiang Province is made up of 36 weirs, 21 of 7. still offer irrigation water.The project 8. ____________(cover) 45 kilometers of the Baishaxi Stream and has a total water level drop of 168 meters. Sangyuanwei Polder Embankment(堤) System is located in south China's Guangdong Province, which was first built 9. the 10th century.The embankment extends for 64.8 km and the system provides irrigation, drainage canals and water pathways. The ancient irrigation projects are treasures of the development of Chinese water 10. (cultural) and of great value for the development of Irrigation agriculture in China. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/社会进步与人类文明。本文为说明文，主要介绍了中国的世界灌溉工程遗产达到23处，并介绍了新入选的四处灌溉工程。 1．答案　have been honored 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，已有4处中国古代灌溉遗址被列入世界灌溉工程遗产，使中国入选世界遗产的灌溉工程总数达到23个。主语four ancient Chinese irrigation(灌溉) sites和动词honor之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，根据时间状语So far可知，此处应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，故填have been honored。 2．答案　newly　 解析 考查词性转换。句意：天宝堰是新入选的项目之一，位于福建省。空处作状语修饰动词awarded，应用副词形式，故填newly。 3．答案　oldest　 解析 考查比较等级。句意：该堰有1 200多年的历史，是现存最古老的专门用于阻止海水和储存淡水的水利工程。根据With a history of over 1,200 years以及空前的the可知，此处指“现存最古老的水利工程”，故用形容词最高级作定语。 4．答案　storing　 解析 考查非谓语动词。空处和stopping并列作介词at的宾语，故用动名词形式。 5．答案　the　 解析 考查冠词。句意：位于陕西省的龙首运河和古漯河灌区据说是中国历史上第一条地下运河。序数词first前用定冠词，故填the。 6．答案　farms　 解析 考查名词的数。句意：这条运河是黄河的主要支流，为面临干旱和缺水的当地农场提供灌溉。farm(农场)为可数名词，“面临干旱和缺水的当地农场”应不止一个，故此处应用复数形式。 7．答案　which　 解析 考查引导词。句意：位于中国东部浙江省的白沙溪水库工程由36座堰组成，其中21座仍在提供灌溉用水。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是weirs，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which。 8．答案　covers　 解析 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：该工程覆盖白沙溪45公里，总水位下降168米。此处是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语project是名词单数，故谓语动词用单数。 9．答案　in　 解析 考查介词。句意：桑园围圩田堤防系统位于中国南部的广东省，始建于10世纪。此处指“在10世纪”，应用介词in。 10．答案　culture　 解析 考查词性转换。句意：古代灌溉工程是中国水文化发展的瑰宝，对中国灌溉农业的发展具有重要价值。此处应填名词作空前介词of的宾语，culture(文化)是不可数名词，故填culture。 Ⅶ.小作文 目前，你校校报组织了一场讨论：城市内是否可以饲养宠物。请你根据下表所提供的信息，介绍讨论情况，并说明自己的观点和建议。 支持 安慰空巢老人 增添生活情趣 反对 造成环境污染 制造噪声，有的甚至会伤人你的观点 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 One possible version： Recently we have had a heated discussion on whether people should keep pets at home in cities.Some students think it's a good idea to keep pets because old people who live alone at home can draw comfort from them.Besides, getting along well with animals will make our life more interesting.On the contrary, the other students are against the idea.In their opinion, if too many people keep pets at home, it is bad for the environment.What is worse, pets may make too much noise and even attack people. I like animals, so I don't think it is bad to keep pets at home.But we must take some measures to prevent them from polluting our environment and be careful when we take them out. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$