课时作业10（word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第一册（北师大版2019）

课时作业(十) (限时：60分钟) 层级一　语用巩固 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Students haven't got used to the teaching style of the professor. 2．The chief editor had to retire (退休) from his position because of the enormous pressure. 3．I have a strong faith in the Party and believe we will live a happy life under its leadership. 4．Suddenly the woman leaned forward (向前) and fainted, leading to a short chaos. 5．Don't throw away your old clothes; maybe they will come into fashion again. 6．He took up painting when he was 5 and his dream is to become a designer (设计师)． 7．The carpenter told him to hit the very head of the nail with an iron hammer (锤)． 8．The house collapsed (倒塌) suddenly and people in it got injured. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．He made an appointment to meet us at the entrance to the theatre. 2．The professor's devotion to the school is recognised by all the students. 3．The girl has been faithful (faith) to her commitment that she will keep this secret. 4．Soon she was crying bitterly (bitter) about the pain and was holding her throat. 5．The employee is considering changing a job or trying for promotion (promote)． 6．My dear professor, could you be kind enough to write a reference (refer) for me? 7．What surprises people is that the millionaire has contributed all his money to education. 8．The employee has grasped such advanced (advance) technology that he is in great demand. 9．After one-year hard work and kindness to others, he has promoted his leadership (leader)． 10．One of my most able students was rejected (reject) by another university. Ⅲ.选词填空 contribute to; take on; make it; retire from; have faith in; in urgent need of; be diagnosed with; pay off 1．Smokers are more likely to be diagnosed with lung cancer than nonsmokers. 2．We can't take on any more work—we're fully stretched as it is. 3．I am sure that the meeting will contribute to the reinforcement of peace and security all over the world. 4．People in Turkey and Syria are in urgent need of food and clothes. 5．I don't think we'll make it , but let's try anyway. 6． Have faith in your abilities and take the next step towards your dream. 7．His health failing, he decided to retire from office. 8．They doubted whether all this work would pay off . Ⅳ.单句写作 1．这次比赛荣获第一名的是班长。 It was the monitor that/who won the first prize in the competition. 2．我们能做什么来防止这种疾病蔓延呢？ What can we do to prevent the disease spreading ? 3．如果你不知道这个单词的意思，可以查词典。 If you don't know the word's meaning, you can refer to the dictionary . 4．这个问题不仅重要，而且难以解决。 Not only is the problem very important , but (also) it is difficult to solve. 5．但是科学家们的决心和耐心终于在1996年获得了突破——克隆羊“多莉”。 But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough—the cloning of Dolly the sheep. 层级二　素养提升 Ⅴ.阅读七选五 Fireworks are one of many Americans' favorites.While it's safer to leave the show to the professionals and attend a public display, many people also love to shoot off their own.　1　 Fireworks can cause serious burns and injuries, even death.It's extremely important that you do everything you can to deal with fireworks safely. 　2　 The first step to keep yourself safe is to obey all local fireworks laws.States determine what's legal for you to use.In four states, consumer fireworks are completely illegal.It can even vary by county or municipality(市)． Next, know your fireworks.Only buy fireworks from licensed dealers.When buying fireworks, read the instructions carefully so you know what each firework will do.Some, like fountains, sit on the ground and shoot sparks into the air.　3　 These are less predictable and more likely to function improperly. Once it's time to set off the fireworks, follow these steps to stay safe：Never give fireworks to children.Always have a responsible adult keep an eye on activities.Light fireworks in a clear outdoor area.Never relight a firework that doesn't go off.After fireworks are done burning, douse(浸) them in water.　4　 Remember your pets.They're often afraid of the noises fireworks make.Don't take your pets to a fireworks display.This includes small displays or neighborhood gatherings.　5　 If it gets scared and runs off during a fireworks display, it will be easier to find with them. A．Start off by knowing your local rules. B．But shooting them off is a risky activity. C．Put your pet in a room away from windows. D．Others are held in the hand and shoot flaming balls. E．Dispose of them in a metal dustbin to prevent a fire. F．Make sure your pet wears identification tags(标签)． G．Light fireworks away from trees, buildings, or vehicles. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/历史、社会与文化。本文为说明文，介绍了在美国有关燃放烟花的一些注意事项。 1．答案　B 解析　转折关系。根据上文可知，许多人喜欢自己燃放烟花，B项(但是燃放烟花是一种冒险的行为)承接上文，语义转折，说明自己燃放烟花有危险性，引出下文对冒险行为的进一步说明；选项中shooting them off和上文中shoot off their own语义一致，故选B项。 2．答案　A 解析　总分关系。根据下文可知，保护自己安全的第一步是遵守当地所有的烟花法规，说明本段主题和当地烟花法规有关。A项(从了解当地的规则开始)位于段首，点明主题；选项中local rules和下文中local fireworks laws语义一致，故选A项。 3．答案　D 解析　并列关系。上文介绍了一些烟花的类型：有些像喷泉一样，放在地上，向空中喷射火花。D项(另一些则被握在手中，发射燃烧的球)承接上文，介绍另一些烟花的类型。选项中others和上文的some相呼应，故选D项。 4．答案　E 解析　递进关系。根据本段首句可知，本段主题是安全问题。上一句(烟花燃烧完毕后，把它们浸在水中)说明怎样处理燃放完毕的烟花，E项(把它们弃置于金属垃圾桶内，以免起火)进一步介绍处理燃放完毕的烟花，防止火灾发生，故选E项。 5．答案　F 解析　因果关系。本段首句(记着你的宠物)说明本段主题与宠物有关。F项符合语境，宠物佩戴识别标签，就很容易被找到了，故选F项。 Ⅵ.语法填空 Chinese astronaut Wang Yaping made history on November 1, 2021, when she became the country's first woman 1. (conduct) a spacewalk.Wang's space dream started in 2003, 2. China sent Yang Liwei into space.Through hard training, Wang 3. (become) a strong candidate(候选人) for China's first flight by a female taikonaut.However, she did not pass her final tests.Instead of feeling 4. (disappoint), she worked even 5. (hard) than before.She always ran three laps more than others in physical courses; she asked to train in the pressure chamber for at least 30 6. (minute) each time.“You can't catch a break 7. (simple) for being a woman，” she said. Her efforts were not in vain.Wang became a crew member of the Shenzhou-10 space mission in 2013 and now she is the first woman to work in China's space station.It is her commitment and the spirit of never giving up that make her such 8.____________ outstanding astronaut.Her story tells us that when 9. ____________ (encounter) failure, instead of putting the blame 10. others, we are supposed to face it bravely and never give up. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/对社会有突出贡献的人物。本文为说明文，介绍了中国首位进行太空行走的女性王亚平成为宇航员的经过以及她身上值得学习的品质。 1．答案　to conduct　 解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：2021年11月1日，中国宇航员王亚平创造了历史，成为中国首位进行太空行走的女性。名词woman由序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。 2．答案　when　 解析 考查引导词。句意：王亚平的太空梦始于2003年，当时中国将杨利伟送入太空。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2003，先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。 3．答案　became　 解析 考查时态。句意：通过艰苦的训练，王成为了中国首位女航天员飞行的有力候选人。此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。 4．答案　disappointed 解析　考查词性转换。句意：她不但不感到沮丧，反而比以前更加努力地工作。此处作表语，且修饰人应用-ed结尾形容词disappointed，表示“感到沮丧”。 5．答案　harder　 解析 考查比较等级。句意参见上题解析。根据下文than before可知，此处应用比较级。 6．答案　minutes　 解析 考查名词的数。句意：在体育课上，她总是比别人多跑三圈；她要求每次在压力室至少训练30分钟。minute为可数名词，由30修饰应用复数形式。 7．答案　simply　 解析 考查词性转换。句意：她说：“你不能仅仅因为是女性而得到休息。”此处作状语修饰介词短语for being a woman，应用副词simply。 8．答案　an　 解析 考查冠词。句意：正是她的承诺和永不放弃的精神使她成为如此杰出的宇航员。astronaut为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且outstanding的发音以元音音素开头，应用an。 9．答案　encountering　 解析 考查非谓语动词。句意：她的故事告诉我们，当遇到失败，而不是怪罪于别人，我们应该勇敢地面对它，永不放弃。encounter在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语we构成主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。 10．答案　on/upon　 解析 考查介词。句意：她的故事告诉我们，当遇到失败，不要怪罪于别人，我们应该勇敢地面对它，永不放弃。put the blame on/upon怪罪于……，为固定搭配。 Ⅶ.小作文 你校英语报拟开展“我最敬佩的改革先锋”征文活动。请你选择一位人物，撰稿应征，要点如下： 1．最敬佩的人物及理由； 2．该人物对你的影响。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以根据所提供的要点进行适当发挥。 One possible version： I think an admirable reform pioneer is the one who impacts the lives of others.Tu Youyou is the person who I admire most. Tu Youyou, a great chemist and scientist, devoted most of her time to finding the cure for malaria.In 2015, she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for discovering artemisinin, which is the key to the treatment for malaria.So great is her contribution to the world that she has become the idol of many people, including me.Behind her success were numerous failures and setbacks, but never did she give up. Inspired by her story, I decide to study harder so as to realize my dream. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$